CN103523689B - A kind of safe petroleum drilling winch system of high efficiency smart and control method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of safe petroleum drilling winch system of high efficiency smart and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103523689B
CN103523689B CN201310510072.6A CN201310510072A CN103523689B CN 103523689 B CN103523689 B CN 103523689B CN 201310510072 A CN201310510072 A CN 201310510072A CN 103523689 B CN103523689 B CN 103523689B
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winch
eddy current
electromagnetic eddy
brake
speed
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CN103523689A (en
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程波
谭刚强
郑明建
张洪
田树贵
李勇
李飞
刘东方
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Xi'an Baomei Electric Industry Co., Ltd.
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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XI'AN BAOMEI ELECTRIC INDUSTRY Co Ltd
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention is specifically related to the safe petroleum drilling winch system of a kind of high efficiency smart and control method thereof.Its trinity system from winch structure, frequency-changing AC master mode, electromagnetic eddy current brake structure and mode solve the frequency conversion drill drilling efficiency of long-standing problem user low, transfer poor stability, problem that system failure rate is higher.The technical solution used in the present invention is for comprising winch structure part and winch control part, described winch structure comprises electromagnetic eddy current brake, disk type brake, drum shaft assembly, folk art term change speed gear box, described folk art term change speed gear box is connected with alternating-current variable frequency motor by power-transfer clutch, folk art term change speed gear box is connected with drum shaft assembly by power-transfer clutch, drum shaft assembly to be braked with electromagnetism whirlpool by spline and is connected, and has disk type brake between drum shaft assembly and electromagnetic eddy current brake by spline joint.

Description

A kind of safe petroleum drilling winch system of high efficiency smart and control method thereof
One, technical field:
The present invention is specifically related to the safe petroleum drilling winch system of a kind of high efficiency smart and control method thereof.
Two, background technology:
AC frequency variated rig has easy and simple to handle, control accuracy and reliability comparatively advantages of higher; Possess the manual intelligent network platform, compare with DC drive rig with traditional Mechanical Driven, there is following advantage:
1, the winch of rig, rotating disk can realize stepless change, speed-regulating range width; Export with the permanent moment of torsion of extremely low speed, very favourable to the settlement of accident of down-hole equipment, sidetracking, well workover, little mud displacement operation and drilling with optimized parameter operation.
2, the torque increment multiple in short-term of motor can be made to reach more than 1.5 ~ 2 times, substantially increase hoisting capacity and the capability in handling accident of rig.
3, owing to having the characteristic of invariable power, wide range speed control, the physical construction of rig can greatly be simplified.
4, there is the function of hydraulic torque restriction, can prevent drilling tool or parts from twisting off.
5, alternating frequency conversion technique has safety protection function to motor.
6, the power-factor of load is high, has soft starting characteristic, reduces the capacity of power supply.
7, in load conditions, smooth starting, braking and speed governing can be realized; Rising, lower brills time, by the feedback to power grid energy, minimizing brake equipment loss, economize energy.
8, alternating current dynamo has the features such as volume is little, single-machine capacity large, low price, and without the need to carrying out Explosion-proof Design, maintenance cost is low, safe and reliable, is easy to operational administrative etc.
9, the adaptive control easily realizing the automation of rig, intellectuality and change to external world.
10, installation, dismounting and carrying etc. are convenient, flexible.
Because variable-frequency control technique can make oil-well rig obtain better drilling well performance and broad speed governing range of use, for driving winch, winch weight minimizing 20 ~ 30%, size reduction 25 ~ 40% can be made, and whole driving system is also greatly simplified, therefore generally believe that AC frequency conversion electric drive is the best drive form of current oil-well rig.In view of above-mentioned advantage, ac variable frequency speed regulation rig is developed rapidly in recent years, obtains widespread use at home and abroad.
In recent years, domestic AC frequency variated rig has basically formed from 1000 ~ 12000 meters of rig series of products, and after application in several years, through cognitive analysis again, compared with international advanced technology, product exists following shortcoming:
1, compared with ac scr dc drive rig, round trip efficiency is low, and drilling period is long, cost is high.
2, bore because drilling engineering technical requirements is lower fast, and frequency conversion boring winch is owing to transferring the restriction of master mode, decentralization process energy cannot discharge fast, comparatively large to control system voltge surge, causes equipment failure rate high, and safety declines.
3, lifting process is by the restriction of transferring master mode, causes hoisting speed to improve.For improving hoisting speed as far as possible, make full use of power of motor, cause winch motor of a great variety, standardization level is low, and interchangeability is poor.
4, frequency conversion rig is by simple function i ntegration, and winch structure, control system do not carry out systematization matched design, and the integrated degree of hoister system is lower.
Three, summary of the invention:
The present invention is in order to solve the weak point in above-mentioned background technology, and the frequency conversion drill drilling efficiency providing a kind of trinity system from winch structure, frequency-changing AC master mode, electromagnetic eddy current brake structure and mode to solve long-standing problem user is low, transfer poor stability, the safe petroleum drilling winch system of high efficiency smart that system failure rate is higher and control method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the safe petroleum drilling winch system of a kind of high efficiency smart, comprise winch structure part and winch control part, it is characterized in that: described winch structure part comprises electromagnetic eddy current brake, disk type brake, drum shaft assembly, folk art term change speed gear box, described folk art term change speed gear box is connected with alternating-current variable frequency motor by power-transfer clutch, folk art term change speed gear box is connected with drum shaft assembly by power-transfer clutch, drum shaft assembly is connected with electromagnetic eddy current brake by spline, disk type brake is had by spline joint between drum shaft assembly and electromagnetic eddy current brake,
Described winch control part comprises silicon controlled rectifier, PLC control system, frequency converter, driller's operator's station, touch-screen and cylinder coder, and described PLC control system is connected with silicon controlled rectifier, frequency converter, driller's operator's station respectively by industrial-controlled general line; Driller's operator's station is connected with touch-screen with electromagnetic eddy current brake respectively by industrial-controlled general line; Silicon controlled rectifier is connected with electromagnetic eddy current brake by power cable; Frequency converter is connected with alternating-current variable frequency motor by power cable, and cylinder coder is connected with drum shaft assembly by coupler;
Described alternating-current variable frequency motor has two, is arranged at the both sides of folk art term change speed gear box respectively.
The control method of the safe petroleum drilling winch system of described a kind of high efficiency smart is:
1) start;
2) judging that whether PLC control system, electromagnetic eddy current brake, height system be normal, is then enter next step; No, then flow process terminates;
3) winch carries out transferring action, and PLC control system gathers the data of cylinder coder, is judged, show data by touch-screen by internal processes;
4) carry out after winch transfers action, judging winch given speed whether back to zero, is then enter the 8th) step, no, then enter next step;
5) carry out winch hook speed to judge, comparing winch hook speed and whether be greater than setting hook speed, is then show that PLC control system drives electromagnetic eddy current brake electric brake in short-term, and control winch hook speed within setting hook speed, no, then given speed operation press by winch;
6) judging that whether tourist bus height is close to object height, is then enter next step; Otherwise PLC control system gathers the data of cylinder coder, is judged, show data by touch-screen by internal processes;
7) winch given speed back to zero;
8) PLC control system drives electromagnetic eddy current brake full braking, and reduce rapidly hook speed until be zero, electromagnetic eddy current brake function discharges;
9) winch zero-speed hovering;
10) terminate.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that the present invention has and effect as follows: the advantage that present invention preserves AC inverter driving system winch, optimize and draw the fast feature of direct drive winch running speed, improve the power utilization of winch drive motor substantially, the winch operating mode that hoists is made to have the characteristic of frequency conversion drive, lower driller's condition then has direct drive characteristic, to realize safety, to make a trip fast, improves drilling efficiency further.This patent possesses winch position and detects, sets up the math modeling that dynamically makes a trip, and controls with the actual effect of the best the process that makes a trip.Be a kind of brake automatically control, new and effective intelligent and safe petroleum drilling winch and control system that drilling process realizes compound automatic bit feed function.
Four, accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is control flow chart of the present invention;
Reference numeral: 1-drum shaft assembly, 2-alternating-current variable frequency motor, 3-folk art term change speed gear box, 4-cylinder coder, 5-disk type brake, 6-electromagnetic eddy current brake, 7-PLC control system, 8-frequency converter, 9-driller operator's station, 10-touch-screen, 11-silicon controlled rectifier.
Five, detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail:
See Fig. 1: the safe petroleum drilling winch system of a kind of high efficiency smart, comprise winch part-structure part and winch control part, described winch structure comprises electromagnetic eddy current brake 6, disk type brake 5, drum shaft assembly 1, folk art term change speed gear box 3, described folk art term change speed gear box 3 is connected with alternating-current variable frequency motor 2 by power-transfer clutch, described alternating-current variable frequency motor has two, be arranged at the both sides of folk art term change speed gear box respectively, folk art term change speed gear box 3 is connected with drum shaft assembly 1 by power-transfer clutch, drum shaft assembly 1 is connected with electromagnetic eddy current brake 6 by spline, disk type brake 5 is had by spline joint between drum shaft assembly 1 and electromagnetic eddy current brake 6, described winch control part comprises silicon controlled rectifier 11, PLC control system 7, frequency converter 8, driller's operator's station 9, touch-screen 10 and cylinder coder 4, and described PLC control system 7 is connected with silicon controlled rectifier 11, frequency converter 8, driller's operator's station 9 respectively by industrial-controlled general line, driller's operator's station 9 is connected with touch-screen 10 with electromagnetic eddy current brake 6 respectively by industrial-controlled general line, silicon controlled rectifier 11 is connected with electromagnetic eddy current brake 6 by power cable, frequency converter 8 is connected with two alternating-current variable frequency motors 2 by power cable, and cylinder coder 4 is connected with drum shaft assembly 1 by coupler.
Carry out M/C by driller's operator's station 9, touch-screen 10 shows data, is controlled the actions such as frequency converter 8 start-stop, speed by the instruction of PLC control system 7 calculating and sending cloth; Cylinder coder 4 feedback signal, height system function is realized by PLC control system 7 programming control, PLC control system 7 programming control silicon controlled rectifier 11 exports adjustable DC electric current, thus control disk type brake 5 and electromagnetic eddy current brake 6 realize compound brake function; Frequency converter 8 is outputting power under PLC control system 7 controls, and controls two alternating-current variable frequency motors 2 and operates, thus drives drum shaft assembly 1 to operate by mechanical connection, i.e. winch running;
See Fig. 2: flow process starts, judge that whether PLC control system, electromagnetic eddy current brake, height system be normal, no i.e. flow process terminates, and is namely to carry out winch to transfer the action (data of PLC control system collection cylinder coder, judged by internal processes, show data by touch-screen); Carry out after winch transfers action, judge winch given speed whether back to zero, no winch hook speed of namely carrying out judges, that namely PLC control system drives electromagnetic eddy current brake full braking, rapid reduction hook speed is until be zero, electromagnetic eddy current brake function release (PLC system adopts the data of frequency converter, is judged by internal processes, shows data by touch-screen); Winch given speed is non-vanishing, judge whether winch hook speed is greater than setting hook speed, no i.e. winch is pressed given speed and is run, that namely PLC control system drives electromagnetic eddy current brake short time electric brake, (PLC control system gathers the data of frequency converter within setting hook speed to control winch hook speed, judged by internal processes, show data by touch-screen); After judging winch hook speed, judge that whether tourist bus height is close to object height, action transferred by the no winch that namely returns, and is namely to carry out the winch given speed back to zero (data of PLC control system collection cylinder coder, judged by internal processes, show data by touch-screen); After winch given speed back to zero, PLC control system drives electromagnetic eddy current brake short time electric brake, controls winch hook speed within setting hook speed; Carry out the hovering of winch zero-speed afterwards; Flow process terminates.
The present invention by low for the frequency conversion drill drilling efficiency solving long-standing problem user from the trinity system of winch structure, frequency-changing AC master mode, electromagnetic eddy current brake structure and mode, transfer poor stability, problem that system failure rate is higher.
1, winch structure
Alternating-current variable frequency motor drives, folk art term gearbox designs, maintains the reasonable distribution promoting operating loading, makes full use of power match, keep interchangeability, coil maintenance full load configuration of stopping, configure dedicated electromagnetic eddy current brake, as assist brake when transferring, absorb and transfer energy, and keep omnidistance extension to close.
2, electromagnetic eddy current brake
Electromagnetic eddy current brake adopts and realizes automatic bit feed with winch mair motor compound; Brake torque master mode is PLC programming control, is transferred according to dynamic model by control system; Mouth according to winch structure reasonable Arrangement with mate, keep omnidistance extension to close; New and effective cooling system is applicable to high temperature and cold district uses, and adopts special material, expendable weight, reduced volume.
3, dedicated control system
(1) promote operating mode, VFD accurately controls, and keeps the advantage that variable-frequency hoist efficiency is high, control accuracy is high, and improves trip-out timeliness by optimizing process control program.
(2) transfer operating mode: pulse blocking is carried out to frequency converter, use electromagnetic eddy current brake to consume the energy produced in decentralization process, reach deceleration object.Utilize the seizure restart facility of frequency converter in distance drilling floor surface setting height, energy consumption braking system place in operation, frequency converter sets up hovering function, and can bore under crawl, accurately controls, reach drilling tool and transfer fast when realizing make-up operation.
Transfer and adopt PLC+BYPASS two kinds of master modes, under normal circumstances, the input of electromagnetic eddy current brake is controlled by PLC, under emergency conditions, realizes electromagnetic eddy current brake torque peak export by button.
4, innovative point of the present invention is as follows:
(1) new and effective intelligent and safe petroleum drilling winch
Energy is bored under-employing variable-frequency hoist configuration electromagnetic eddy current brake+resistance braking discharges fast.
The special variable-frequency motor of-normalisation large power high efficiency winch: invariable power wide ranges, speed adjustable range are wide, power match is reasonable and reach advanced world standards, the special variable-frequency motor of highly versatile.
-novel numerical control efficient winch Special electromagnetic vortex brake: brake torque master mode is PLC programming control, is transferred according to dynamic model by control system; Mouth according to winch structure reasonable Arrangement with mate, keep omnidistance extension to close; New and effective cooling system is applicable to high temperature and cold district uses, and adopts low-carbon and low-sulphur material, expendable weight, reduced volume.Adopt and realize automatic bit feed with winch mair motor compound.
-high-efficiency high-power gear: special high-power gear, improves driving efficiency, reduces mechanical wear; Increase operational monitoring function.
(2) dedicated control system
-converter unit starts capturing technology again: after opening this function, and first first can detect the current rotating speed of motor when frequency converter starts, now horsepower output can follow motor speed until motor-field is set up completely.
The intelligent safety control technology of-overall process that makes a trip: trip-out VFD accurately controls, transfers PLC+BYPASS complex controll, omnidistance intelligent safety control.
-multiple braking safe defencive function technology (MBS): multiple brake system provides disc type main brake, assist brake is energy consumption of electrical machinery braking and the work of electromagnetic eddy current brake compound, for system provides multiple Safety Redundancy.
The wire rope systems technology (WPS) of-control automatically: the speed of this Systematical control winch drum and appended steel rope and load.According to load and speed, the mild sudden stop of this system, can avoid the Bird ' sNestEffect (Bird's Nest effect) that the liquid-electric integrated device because of PLC control system produces.
-NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE automatic bit feed and driller's control system technology (ADS): adopt electromagnetic eddy current brake and winch mair motor to organically combine, collection PLC control system Based Intelligent Control, drilling parameter are monitored and are shown as one, realize automatic bit feed function in complex controll mode.
-marine drilling winch heave compensation function technology: novel PLC control system and heave checking system respond to steel wire rope tension size in time, and control winch and tighten up or loosen steel rope heave is compensated, therefore require the function that winch possesses fast lifting and transfers.
In sum, AC inverter driving system winch whole closed-loop in the process of making a trip controls, and running speed equals hoisting speed, and running speed is lower.Direct drive winch then adopts open loop type to control, and when winch starts lower brill, drilling tool falls by free gravity, and when reaching certain running speed, assist brake place in operation, completes buffering and safety is slowed down, and running speed is higher.Therefore, AC inverter driving system rig compared with ac scr dc drive rig, the problem that ubiquity drilling efficiency is low.
The present invention retains the advantage of AC inverter driving system winch, optimize and draw the fast feature of direct drive winch running speed, improve the power utilization of winch drive motor substantially, the winch operating mode that hoists is made to have the characteristic of frequency conversion drive, lower driller's condition then has direct drive characteristic, to realize safety, to make a trip fast, improve drilling efficiency further.The present invention possesses winch position and detects, sets up the math modeling that dynamically makes a trip, and controls with the actual effect of the best the process that makes a trip.Be a kind of brake automatically control, new and effective intelligent and safe petroleum drilling winch and control system that drilling process realizes compound automatic bit feed function.
The present invention is a kind of single shaft gear transmission winch of a.c.frequency converting control, and it is primarily of assembly of elements compositions such as ac variable-frequency electric motor, folk art term change speed gear box, disk type brake, electromagnetic eddy current brake, drum shaft assemblies.Winch power is driven by two power alternating-current variable frequency motors, and omnidistance infinite speed variation, is controlled by frequency-changing control system; By the gearshift gear shift of drop-gear box.Winch brake system is compound brake system, is braked formed by hydraulic disc brake, novel numerical control efficient winch Special electromagnetic vortex brake, energy consumption of electrical machinery.Winch transmission adopts gear-driven form, and gear and bearing lubrication adopt positive lubrication mode.Adopt electromagnetic eddy current brake and winch mair motor to organically combine, collection PLC control system Based Intelligent Control, drilling parameter are monitored and are shown as one, realize automatic bit feed function in complex controll mode.All parts of winch are installed on a base, form an independently transportation unit.

Claims (1)

1. a petroleum drilling winch system, comprise winch structure part and winch control part, it is characterized in that: described winch structure part comprises electromagnetic eddy current brake (6), disk type brake (5), drum shaft assembly (1), folk art term change speed gear box (3), described folk art term change speed gear box (3) is connected with alternating-current variable frequency motor (2) by power-transfer clutch, folk art term change speed gear box (3) is connected with drum shaft assembly (1) by power-transfer clutch, drum shaft assembly (1) is connected with electromagnetic eddy current brake (6) by spline, disk type brake (5) is had by spline joint between drum shaft assembly (1) and electromagnetic eddy current brake (6),
Described winch control part comprises silicon controlled rectifier (11), PLC control system (7), frequency converter (8), driller's operator's station (9), touch-screen (10) and cylinder coder (4), and described PLC control system (7) is connected with silicon controlled rectifier (11), frequency converter (8), driller's operator's station (9) respectively by industrial-controlled general line; Driller's operator's station (9) is connected with touch-screen (10) with electromagnetic eddy current brake (6) respectively by industrial-controlled general line; Silicon controlled rectifier (11) is connected with electromagnetic eddy current brake (6) by power cable; Frequency converter (8) is connected with alternating-current variable frequency motor (2) by power cable, and cylinder coder (4) is connected with drum shaft assembly (1) by coupler;
Described alternating-current variable frequency motor has two, is arranged at the both sides of folk art term change speed gear box respectively;
The control method of described a kind of petroleum drilling winch system is:
1) start;
2) judging that whether PLC control system, electromagnetic eddy current brake, height system be normal, is then enter next step; No, then flow process terminates;
3) winch carries out transferring action, and PLC control system gathers the data of cylinder coder, is judged, show data by touch-screen by internal processes;
4) carry out after winch transfers action, judging winch given speed whether back to zero, is then enter the 8th) step, no, then enter next step;
5) carry out winch hook speed to judge, comparing winch hook speed and whether be greater than setting hook speed, is then show that PLC control system drives electromagnetic eddy current brake electric brake in short-term, and control winch hook speed within setting hook speed, no, then given speed operation press by winch;
6) judging that whether tourist bus height is close to object height, is then enter next step; Otherwise PLC control system gathers the data of cylinder coder, is judged, show data by touch-screen by internal processes;
7) winch given speed back to zero;
8) PLC control system drives electromagnetic eddy current brake full braking, and reduce rapidly winch hook speed until be zero, electromagnetic eddy current brake function discharges;
9) winch zero-speed hovering;
10) terminate.
CN201310510072.6A 2013-10-25 2013-10-25 A kind of safe petroleum drilling winch system of high efficiency smart and control method thereof Active CN103523689B (en)

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CN104444901B (en) * 2014-12-10 2017-03-15 中曼石油钻井技术有限公司 A kind of oil-well rig folk art term winch electronic differential control system and control method
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CN109236177A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-01-18 天津市东睿泰合科技有限公司 A kind of asynchronously or synchronously motor-driven drill power system
CN109356563B (en) * 2018-12-18 2022-03-18 中石化四机石油机械有限公司 Integrated safety protection system and control logic for automatic drilling machine
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