CN113514414B - Method for establishing spectral emissivity distribution model of high-temperature single-particle coal coke thermal radiation wave band - Google Patents
Method for establishing spectral emissivity distribution model of high-temperature single-particle coal coke thermal radiation wave band Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for establishing a spectral emissivity distribution model of a high-temperature single-particle coal coke thermal radiation waveband realizes the radiation spectrum on-line detection of the high-temperature single-particle coal coke thermal radiation waveband (200 nm-20 mu m), and researches the spectral radiation intensity distribution characteristic of coal coke particles in the thermal radiation waveband; selecting a visible light wave band radiation spectrum, researching a non-ash body assumed spectrum emissivity model, and realizing accurate measurement of the surface temperature of the coke particles; researching a spectral separation algorithm, eliminating the interference of the radiation spectrum of the gas product, and obtaining the spectral emissivity distribution of the coal coke particles in a thermal radiation wave band; and a thermal radiation waveband spectral emissivity database under different temperatures and different burnout degrees is established, and the blank of spectral emissivity data of the high-temperature coal coke particles in the thermal radiation waveband is filled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal power generation, in particular to a method for establishing a spectral emissivity distribution model of a thermal radiation waveband of high-temperature single-particle coal coke.
Background
In order to realize sustainable development and carbon neutralization of the economic society of China, the proportion of new energy generated energy in a power grid is higher and higher in recent years, and a coal-electric machine set needs to be more frequently used in the futureAnd participating in deep peak regulation. Compared with the rated load operation of a boiler, the combustion efficiency in the boiler changes in the deep peak shaving process, so that the coal powder combustion characteristic, particularly the combustion characteristic in the environment close to a hearth, needs to be continuously and deeply researched. The burn-off time of the coal coke in the furnace accounts for more than 90 percent of the total burn-off time of the coal dust, the combustion process of the coal coke in the furnace is organized, and the method has important significance for improving the combustion efficiency of the coal dust. On the other hand, improving the combustion efficiency of the coal coke can reduce the relative amount of coal, thereby reducing CO 2 And (5) reducing the emission pressure. Factors influencing the burning characteristics of the coal coke are numerous, laboratory research is generally taken as the main point at home and abroad, and the burning characteristics of the single-particle coal coke at a heating rate close to a hearth is an important research direction. The measurement precision of the surface temperature of the single-particle coal tar particles depends on the accuracy of non-ash spectral emissivity, and the establishment of an apparent kinetic model depends on the accurate acquisition of spectral emissivity distribution in a coal tar thermal radiation waveband (200 nm-20 mu m), so the establishment of the spectral emissivity distribution model in the single-particle coal tar thermal radiation waveband is the first scientific problem for the research of coal tar apparent reaction kinetics. In addition, the hearth thermodynamic calculation, fluent combustion simulation and the like have certain requirements on the precision of the spectral emissivity model.
At present, data of spectral emissivity of high-temperature coke particles in a thermal radiation band is lack internationally, and the coke particles are generally assumed to be ash bodies in research processes and engineering calculation. The emissivity of the coal coke is non-ash, the spectral emissivity is related to temperature, burnout degree and coal type, and the result is subject to error by simply assuming ash bodies of coal coke particles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for establishing a spectral emissivity distribution model of a high-temperature single-particle coal coke thermal radiation wave band aiming at the problems in the background technology, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining an expression of spectral radiation intensity of single-particle coal coke according to a thermal radiation theorem;
step 2, collecting the spectral radiation intensity of the coke particles within the wave band range of 200nm-20 mu m by using an active Fourier infrared spectrometer;
step 3, dividing the visible light into a plurality of narrow spectral bands to obtain the spectral radiation intensity in each narrow spectral band and carrying out normalization processing;
step 4, obtaining the blackbody radiation intensity in each narrow spectral band according to the divided narrow spectral bands of the visible light and carrying out normalization processing;
step 5, the normalized measured spectrum radiation intensity has similar distribution characteristics with the normalized black body radiation intensity under the same temperature, and the corresponding temperature is the coke particle temperature; the similarity between the two is evaluated by adopting the Mahalanobis distance;
step 6, selecting the coke particle temperature with the minimum Mahalanobis distance as an initial calculation temperature, calculating the temperatures in all narrow bands and taking the average value to obtain the coal coke particle calculation temperature;
and 7, performing spectral analysis based on the coal coke particle calculated temperature, eliminating redundant spectral lines and eliminating the influence of non-coal coke thermal radiation, and dividing the processed spectral radiation intensity and black body radiation intensity to obtain a final spectral emissivity model.
Further, in step 1, according to the thermal radiation theorem, the spectral radiation intensity of the single-particle coal coke is expressed as:
in the formula (1), I (lambda) i T) and I b (λ i T) represents the spectral and blackbody radiation intensities, W/m, respectively 3 ；ε(λ i ) Is the spectral emissivity of the char particles; c 1 Is the first radiation constant of Planck, 1.1910 × 10 8 W·μm 4 ·m -2 ·sr -1 ，λ i Is the wavelength, m; n is the number of wavelengths; c 2 Is the Planck second radiation constant, 1.4388 × 10 -2 m.K. T is the temperature of coke particles, DEG C.
Further, in step 3, the visible light band is divided into M narrow bands, each narrow band has j wavelengths, and for the M-th narrow band, there are:
I m ＝[I(λ 1 ,T m ),I(λ 2 ,T m ),…I(λ j ,T m )],m＝1,2,…M (2)
in the formula (2), I m Is the spectral radiant intensity in the m-th narrow spectral band, W/m 3 M =1,2, …, M; normalizing the spectral radiation intensity in the narrow spectral band, then:
in formula (3), I' (λ) j ,T m ) Is the normalized radiation intensity distribution in a narrow band interval.
Further, in step 4, the blackbody radiation intensity is subjected to the same normalization processing within the mth narrow band interval:
the following table b in formula (4) represents in bold; t is 1 ,T 2 ,…T l The possible temperature range of the coke particles is set as a large interval temperature range T l ∈(500-3000)K。
Further, in step 5, for the mth narrow spectral band, T l The mahalanobis distance between the normalized measured spectral radiation intensity at temperature and the normalized black body radiation intensity at the same temperature is expressed as:
in formula (5), d (T) l ) Represents T l Mahalanobis distance at temperature; cov denotes covariance; the D () function represents the variance.
Further, in step 6, the temperature T of the coke particles is initially calculated m Expressed as:
T m ＝T[d(T l )＝min(d(T l ))] (6)
for the coke particles, the temperature does not change along with the wavelength, and the average value processing is carried out after the temperature in all narrow spectral bands is calculated, so that the surface temperature of the coke is as follows:
in the formula (7), T char Indicating the surface temperature of the char particles.
Further, in step 7, the coke particles have free radical spectral lines in ultraviolet bands, na and K characteristic spectral lines in visible light bands for high-alkali coal, and H in near infrared and infrared bands 2 O and CO 2 When calculating the spectral emissivity, firstly, spectral analysis is carried out, and the Na and K characteristic spectral lines and H are removed 2 O and CO 2 The influence of non-coke thermal radiation is eliminated by adopting a polynomial fitting method, and the processed spectral radiation intensity is recorded as I' (lambda) i ,T c ). The spectral emissivity of the char particles in the thermal radiation band may be expressed as:
the invention achieves the following beneficial effects: the radiation spectrum on-line detection of the thermal radiation wave band (200 nm-20 mu m) of the high-temperature single-particle coal coke is realized, and the spectral radiation intensity distribution characteristic of the coal coke particles in the thermal radiation wave band is researched; selecting a visible light wave band radiation spectrum, researching a non-ash body assumed spectral emissivity model, and realizing accurate measurement of the surface temperature of the coke particles; researching a spectral separation algorithm, eliminating the interference of the radiation spectrum of the gas product, and obtaining the spectral emissivity distribution of the coal coke particles in a thermal radiation wave band; a thermal radiation waveband spectral emission rate database under different temperatures and different burnout degrees can be established by collecting experimental data of various coal coke particles, and the blank of spectral emission rate data of high-temperature coal coke particles in a thermal radiation waveband is filled. The method provides data support for further research on the combustion characteristics of the pulverized coal, and particularly provides the combustion characteristics in the environment close to a hearth. Has important significance for improving the combustion efficiency of the pulverized coal. On the other hand, the combustion efficiency of the coal coke is improved, so that the relative amount of the coal can be reduced, and the CO2 emission reduction pressure is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for detecting a spectral signal in a thermal radiation band of coke particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings in the specification.
According to the thermal radiation theorem, the spectral radiant intensity of a single-particle coal char can be expressed as:
in the formula (1), I (lambda) i T) and I b (λ i T) represents the spectral and blackbody radiation intensities, W/m, respectively 3 ；ε(λ i ) Is the spectral emissivity of the char particles; c 1 Is the first radiation constant of Planck, 1.1910 × 10 8 W·μm 4 ·m -2 ·sr -1 ，λ i Is the wavelength, m; n is the number of wavelengths; c 2 Is the Planck second radiation constant, 1.4388 × 10 -2 m·K。
In the research process, an independently developed FTIR in-situ flame analyzer is used for collecting the spectral radiation intensity of the coke particles within the 200nm-20 μm waveband range. For the obtained spectral radiation intensity of the coke particles, the combustion temperature and the spectral emissivity are unknown parameters, and the spectral emissivity distribution can be calculated according to the definition of the emissivity on the premise of the known combustion temperature.
Firstly, a visible light wave band is divided into M narrow spectral bands, each narrow spectral band has j wavelengths, and for the mth narrow spectrum, the method comprises the following steps:
I m ＝[I(λ 1 ,T m ),I(λ 2 ,T m ),…I(λ j ,T m )],m＝1,2,…M (2)
in the formula (2), I m Is the spectral radiation intensity in the m narrow spectral band, W/m 3 M =1,2, …, M. Normalizing the spectral radiation intensity in the narrow spectral band, then:
in formula (3), I' (λ) j ,T m ) Is normalized radiation intensity distribution in narrow band interval. Similarly, the blackbody radiation intensity can be subjected to the same normalization processing in the mth narrow band interval:
the following table b in formula (4) represents in bold; t is a unit of 1 ,T 2 ,…T l The possible temperature range of the coke particles can be set as a large interval temperature range T l E (500-3000) K. Because the selected wavelength interval is a narrow band during calculation, the spectral emissivity change of the coke particles in the narrow band can be considered to be very smooth, the normalized measured spectral radiation intensity and the normalized black body radiation intensity at the same temperature have similar distribution characteristics, and the corresponding temperature is the coke particle temperature. And (3) evaluating the similarity between the two by adopting the Mahalanobis distance (Mahalanobis distance), wherein the T is within the mth narrow spectral generation l The mahalanobis distance at temperature can be expressed as:
in the formula (5), d (T) l ) Represents T l Mahalanobis distance at temperature; cov denotes covariance. Initial calculated temperature T of coke particles m Can be expressed as:
T m ＝T[d(T l )＝min(d(T l ))] (6)
for the coke particles, the temperature does not change along with the wavelength, and the average value processing is carried out after the temperature in all narrow spectral bands is calculated, so that the calculated temperature of the coke particles is as follows:
in the formula (7), T char Indicating the surface temperature of the char particles. The coal coke particles have free radical spectral lines in ultraviolet band, na and K characteristic spectral lines in visible light band and H in near infrared and infrared bands 2 O and CO 2 The spectral line of (1) is subjected to spectral analysis firstly when the spectral emissivity is calculated, the influence of non-coke thermal radiation is eliminated by adopting a polynomial fitting method of firstly eliminating the spectral line and then solving based on a polyfit function of matlab, and the processed spectral radiation intensity is recorded as I' (lambda) i ,T c ). The spectral emissivity of the char particles in the thermal radiation band can be expressed as:
in this embodiment, the spectral emissivity of the char particles at different temperatures and different degrees of burnout is obtained by the above method, and the experimental data acquisition is performed on an experimental apparatus shown in fig. 1, and the specific experimental steps are as follows:
1. five kinds of domestic power soft coal are selected: shendong coal (non-sticky coal and long flame coal), datong coal (weakly sticky coal), quasi-Geer coal (long flame coal), iron-process coal (long flame coal) and Jingyuan coal (non-sticky coal), coal coke particles with different burnout degrees are prepared by using a tubular furnace, and the prepared coal coke is screened into single particles.
2. Generating a high-temperature environment by using a Hencken burner, and enabling coke particles output by a powder feeder to pass through N 2 A pipeline for carrying and feeding the coke particles; the outlet of the particle pipeline is externally connected with a high-temperature-resistant corundum pipe with an observation hole, and N is arranged in the corundum pipe at the moment 2 Atmosphere, coke particles do not burn.
3. And collecting spectral data from the position of the observation hole of the corundum tube by using an active Fourier infrared spectrometer.
4. Adjusting O in an oxidizing agent 2 The temperature is regulated and controlled under each working conditionThe temperature of the position of the observation hole of the corundum tube is measured by a platinum-rhodium filament thermocouple and is used for verifying the accuracy of spectral temperature measurement.
5. Measuring to obtain spectral data under different temperatures and different burnout degrees, obtaining spectral emissivity distribution under various working conditions by using the algorithm, and establishing a function model epsilon = f (T, burnout) of the spectral emissivity, the temperature and the burnout degree in a 200nm-20 mu m wave band of the coal coke particles, wherein T represents the surface temperature of the coal coke particles, and the burnout represents the burnout degree of the coal coke.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art according to the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for establishing a spectral emissivity distribution model of a high-temperature single-particle coal coke thermal radiation wave band is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining an expression of spectral radiation intensity of single-particle coal coke according to a thermal radiation theorem;
step 2, collecting the spectral radiation intensity of the coke particles within the wave band range of 200nm-20 mu m by using an active Fourier infrared spectrometer;
step 3, dividing the visible light into a plurality of narrow spectral bands to obtain the spectral radiation intensity in each narrow spectral band and carrying out normalization processing;
in step 3, the visible light band is divided into M narrow bands, each narrow band has j wavelengths, and for the mth narrow band:
I m ＝[I(λ 1 ,T m ),I(λ 2 ,T m ),…I(λ j ,T m )],m＝1,2,…M (2)
in the formula (2), I m Is the spectral radiation intensity in the m narrow spectral band, W/m 3 M =1,2, …, M; normalizing the spectral radiation intensity in the narrow spectral band, and then:
in the formula (3), I' (λ) j ,T m ) The radiation intensity distribution after normalization in a narrow band interval;
step 4, obtaining the blackbody radiation intensity in each narrow spectral band according to the divided visible light narrow spectral bands and carrying out normalization processing;
in step 4, the blackbody radiation intensity is subjected to the same normalization processing in the mth narrow band interval:
the subscript b in formula (4) represents a bold body; t is 1 ,T 2 ,…T l The possible temperature range of the coke particles is set as a large interval temperature range T l ∈(500-3000)K；
Step 5, the normalized measured spectrum radiation intensity has similar distribution characteristics with the normalized black body radiation intensity under the same temperature, and the corresponding temperature is the coke particle temperature; the similarity between the two is evaluated by adopting the Mahalanobis distance;
in step 5, T is within the m narrow band l The mahalanobis distance between the normalized measured spectral radiant intensity at temperature and the normalized blackbody radiant intensity at the same temperature is expressed as:
in formula (5), d (T) l ) Represents T l Mahalanobis distance at temperature; cov denotes covariance; the D () function represents the variance;
step 6, selecting the coke particle temperature with the minimum Mahalanobis distance as an initial calculation temperature, calculating the temperatures in all narrow bands and taking the average value to obtain the coal coke particle calculation temperature;
in step 6, the coke particle temperature is initiatedCalculating the temperature T m Expressed as:
T m ＝T[d(T l )＝min(d(T l ))] (6)
for the coke particles, the temperature does not change along with the wavelength, and the average value processing is carried out after the temperature in all narrow spectral bands is calculated, so that the surface temperature of the coke is as follows:
in formula (7), T char Representing the surface temperature of the coke particles;
step 7, performing spectral analysis based on the coal coke particle calculated temperature, eliminating redundant spectral lines and eliminating the influence of non-coal coke thermal radiation, and dividing the processed spectral radiation intensity and black body radiation intensity to obtain a final spectral emissivity model;
in step 7, the coal coke particles have free radical spectral lines in ultraviolet bands, na and K characteristic spectral lines in visible light bands for high-alkali coal, and H in near infrared and infrared bands 2 O and CO 2 When calculating the spectral emissivity, firstly, spectral analysis is carried out, and the Na and K characteristic spectral lines and H are removed 2 O and CO 2 The influence of non-coke thermal radiation is eliminated by adopting a polynomial fitting method, and the processed spectral radiation intensity is recorded as I' (lambda) i ,T c ) (ii) a The spectral emissivity of the char particles in the thermal radiation band is expressed as:
2. the method for establishing the spectral emissivity distribution model of the thermal radiation waveband of the high-temperature single-particle coal tar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spectral emissivity distribution model comprises the following steps: in step 1, according to the thermal radiation theorem, the spectral radiation intensity of the single-particle coal coke is expressed as:
in the formula (1), I (lambda) i T) and I b (λ i T) represents the spectral and blackbody radiation intensities, W/m, respectively 3 ；ε(λ i ) Is the spectral emissivity of the char particles; c 1 Is the first radiation constant of Planck, 1.1910 × 10 8 W·μm 4 ·m -2 ·sr -1 ，λ i Is the wavelength, m; n is the number of wavelengths; c 2 Is the Planck second radiation constant, 1.4388 × 10 -2 m.K; t is the temperature of coke particles at DEG C.
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