CN113513954A - Boundary control blasting method for underground mine deep hole stope - Google Patents
Boundary control blasting method for underground mine deep hole stope Download PDFInfo
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- CN113513954A CN113513954A CN202110794133.0A CN202110794133A CN113513954A CN 113513954 A CN113513954 A CN 113513954A CN 202110794133 A CN202110794133 A CN 202110794133A CN 113513954 A CN113513954 A CN 113513954A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The invention provides a boundary control blasting method for a deep-hole stope of an underground mine, which comprises the following steps: filling a cement plug in a preset interval away from the bottom of the hole, and filling a first filling layer above the cement plug; a first initiating explosive package is arranged above the first filling layer, and a second initiating explosive package is arranged above the first initiating explosive package at a preset distance; a blank hole and a charging hole are arranged on a pre-blasting boundary of a stope, the blank hole and the charging hole are arranged at intervals, and a cartridge is arranged in the charging hole, wherein the blank hole is used for reducing the content of the cartridge in the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package, increasing the non-coupling coefficient of the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package, and weakening the blasting vibration to the stope boundary; filling a second filling layer above the second initiating explosive package; and the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package are detonated by the blasting device, so that the boundary control blasting of the deep-hole stope is realized. By utilizing the method and the device, the problems of over mining, over blasting and the like caused by serious damage of the current deep hole blasting to the stope boundary can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction production, in particular to a boundary control blasting method for a deep-hole stope of an underground mine.
Background
In mine excavation work, deep hole blasting is widely applied in a stage chamber mining method, and has the advantages of low unit consumption of explosive, safe operation conditions, high production capacity and the like; however, most deep hole blasting adopts emulsion spherical explosive charges with large diameter, high brisance, high blasting speed and high power, and blasting vibration causes serious damage to the stope boundary; particularly, in the stoping process of the ore pillar, the cemented filling bodies can be seriously damaged by adopting deep hole blasting, and a large number of filling bodies are mixed in the mined ore, so that the dilution and ore dressing difficulty of the ore is increased.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a boundary control blasting method for a deep-hole stope of an underground mine.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for controlling blasting of a deep-hole stope boundary of an underground mine, so as to solve the problems of over-mining and over-blasting caused by serious damage of the current deep-hole blasting to the stope boundary.
The invention provides a boundary control blasting method for a deep hole stope of an underground mine, which comprises the following steps:
filling a cement plug in a preset interval from the bottom of the hole, and filling a first filling layer above the cement plug;
a first initiating explosive package is arranged above the first filling layer, and a second initiating explosive package is arranged above the first initiating explosive package at a preset distance;
wherein, in the process of loading the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package, a cavity hole and a charging hole are arranged at the pre-explosion boundary of a stope, the cavity hole and the charging hole are arranged at intervals, a cartridge is loaded in the charging hole, wherein,
the hollow hole is used for reducing the content of cartridges in the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package, increasing the decoupling coefficient of the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package and weakening the blasting vibration to the stope boundary;
filling a second filling layer above the second initiating explosive bag;
and the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package are detonated by the blasting device, so that the boundary control blasting of the deep-hole stope is realized.
In addition, it is preferable that the filling of the cement plug in a preset interval from the bottom of the hole and the filling of the first filling layer above the cement plug include the following steps:
a lifting ring at the center of the cement plug is bound by a lifting rope;
under the action of the lifting rope and the lifting ring, the cement plug is lowered to a preset position away from the hole bottom for fixing;
and filling a first filling layer above the cement plug, wherein the first filling layer is river sand or rock powder.
In addition, it is preferable that a first explosive charge is arranged above the first filling layer, and the method comprises the following steps:
hoisting the first explosive charge into the hole through a lifting rope, wherein the thickness of the first explosive charge is 0.5m +/-0.1 m;
hoisting the first explosive charge into the hole through a lifting rope, wherein the thickness of the first explosive charge is 0.5m +/-0.1 m;
and connecting the detonator with the blasting device, wherein the detonator is arranged at the middle upper part of the first explosive charge.
Further, it is preferable that the predetermined distance between the first and second priming charges is 1.5m ± 0.1 m.
In addition, the diameter of the medicated roll is preferably 100mm +/-1 mm.
Further, it is preferable that the thickness of the second layer initiating explosive package is 0.5 m. + -. 0.1 m.
Further, it is preferable that the filling of the second filling layer above the second initiating explosive package includes the steps of:
filling river sand or rock powder on the second primary explosive bag, wherein a second filling layer is formed by filling the river sand or the rock powder;
and controlling the thickness of the second filling layer to be 0.3m +/-0.1 m according to the Python hardness classification of the rock and the Rivenston blasting funnel principle.
Further, it is preferable that the blasting device includes: an initiator, a booster tube connected with the initiator, and a delay detonation tube connected with the booster tube, wherein,
the number of the delay initiating explosive tubes is two, and each delay initiating explosive tube is respectively connected with the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that the delay time of the two delay detonation tubes is different, and the two delay detonation tubes are both connected with the booster tube;
and respectively detonating the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package by starting the initiator.
According to the technical scheme, the boundary control blasting method for the underground mine deep hole stope is characterized in that the empty holes without explosive cartridges are arranged on the pre-blasting boundary of the stope, and the empty holes and the explosive charging holes are arranged at intervals, so that the design structure can reduce the linear explosive charging density and increase the explosive charging decoupling coefficient of the first initiating explosive cartridge and the second initiating explosive cartridge, the damage of blasting vibration to the stope boundary is reduced, and the purposes of protecting the stope boundary and reducing overbreak are achieved.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the invention comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the invention. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Further, the present invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.
Drawings
Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a boundary control blasting method for an underground mine deep hole stope according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charge configuration according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a blast hole layout according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals include: 1. a second filler layer; 2. a second initiation charge; 3. presetting a distance; 4. a first explosive charge; 5. a lifting rope; 6. a first filling layer; 7. a cement plug; 8. a stope boundary; 9. a loading hole; 10. and (4) forming a hollow hole.
The same reference numbers in all figures indicate similar or corresponding features or functions.
Detailed Description
Aiming at solving the problems of over mining, over blasting and the like caused by serious damage of the current deep hole blasting to the stope boundary, the invention provides a method for controlling blasting of the underground mine deep hole stope boundary.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to illustrate the boundary control blasting method for the underground mine deep-hole stope, fig. 1 to 3 show the boundary control blasting method for the underground mine deep-hole stope from different angles. Specifically, fig. 1 shows a flow of a boundary control blasting method for an underground mine deep hole stope according to an embodiment of the invention; figure 2 shows a charge configuration according to an embodiment of the invention; figure 3 shows a shot hole layout according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the method for controlling blasting of the boundary of a deep-hole stope of an underground mine provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s110: filling a cement plug 7 in a preset interval from the bottom of the hole, and filling a first filling layer 6 above the cement plug 7;
s120: a first initiating explosive package 4 is arranged above the first filling layer 6, and a second initiating explosive package 2 is arranged at a preset distance 3 of the first initiating explosive package 4;
wherein, in the process of loading the first initiating explosive package 6 and the second initiating explosive package 2, a cavity hole 10 and a charging hole 9 are arranged on the pre-blasting boundary 8 of the stope, the cavity hole 10 and the charging hole 9 are arranged at intervals, a cartridge is loaded in the charging hole 9, wherein,
the hollow hole 10 is used for reducing the content of the cartridges in the first initiating explosive package 4 and the second initiating explosive package 2, increasing the decoupling coefficient of the first initiating explosive package 4 and the second initiating explosive package 2 and weakening the blasting vibration to the stope boundary 8;
s130: filling a second filling layer 1 above the second initiating explosive bag 2;
s140: and the first initiating explosive package 4 and the second initiating explosive package 2 are detonated by the blasting device, so that the control blasting of the deep-hole stope boundary 8 is realized.
In step S110, the step of filling the cement plug 7 in the preset interval from the bottom of the hole and filling the first filling layer 6 above the cement plug 7 comprises the following steps:
a lifting ring is arranged at the center of the cement plug 7, and the lifting ring at the center of the cement plug 7 is bound through a lifting rope 5;
under the action of the lifting rope 5 and the lifting ring, lowering the cement plug 7 to a preset position away from the hole bottom for fixing;
and then filling a first filling layer 6 above the cement plug 7, wherein the first filling layer 6 is river sand or rock powder.
In step S120, a first explosive charge is loaded on the first filling layer, which includes the following steps:
hoisting the first explosive charge 4 into the hole through a hoisting rope 5, wherein the thickness of the first explosive charge 4 is 0.5m +/-0.1 m;
placing said detonator in the middle-upper portion of said first explosive charge 4;
the detonator is connected with the blasting device.
Wherein the preset distance between the first initiating explosive package 4 and the second initiating explosive package 2 is 1.5m +/-0.1 m; the diameter of the medicated roll is 100mm +/-1 mm; the thickness of the second layer of initiating explosive package is 0.5m +/-0.1 m.
In the embodiment of the invention, the holes 10 are uniformly added on the pre-blasting boundary of the stope, the holes 10 are not filled with explosives, the small-diameter cartridge (the diameter of the traditional cartridge is phi 140mm) with phi 100mm is filled in the loading hole 9 on the boundary of the stope, the loading interval length is increased, and the blasting is controlled by using reasonable differential time.
Although the conventional blasting method can also carry out reasonable time delay, the side hole blasting damages rocks except rocks in the direction of the free surface to a similar degree, and the boundary of the stope is overetched; the diameter of a deep hole drilled in a conventional blasting method is generally about 150mm, a new free surface is added for blasting by a large-diameter hollow hole, a through crack is formed between high-pressure blasting gas and a blasting shock wave and the hollow hole, redundant blasting energy overflows along the hollow hole along with the crack, and the caving ore peels off the original rock along the through crack.
Compared with the traditional blasting method, the blasting method provided by the invention has the advantages that the charging structure is adjusted, the hollow holes 10 are arranged on the stope pre-blasting boundary 8, and the design structure reduces the linear charging density and increases the charging decoupling coefficient, so that the damage of blasting vibration to the stope boundary is weakened, the stope boundary is protected, and the purposes of overbreak are reduced.
In step S130, the step of filling the second filling layer 1 above the second initiating explosive package 2 includes the steps of:
filling river sand or rock powder on the second initiating explosive bag 2, wherein a second filling layer 1 is formed by filling the river sand or the rock powder;
and controlling the thickness of the second filling layer to be 0.3m +/-0.1 m according to the Python hardness classification of the rock and the Rivenston blasting funnel principle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the blasting apparatus comprises: the detonator, a booster tube connected with the detonator and a delay detonating tube connected with the booster tube, wherein the delay detonating tube is provided with two delay detonating tubes, and each delay detonating tube is respectively connected with the first detonating cartridge and the second detonating cartridge; the two delay detonation tubes have different delay times, and are connected with the booster tube; and respectively detonating the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package by starting the initiator.
Compared with the conventional blasting method, the boundary control blasting method for the underground mine deep hole stope is simple in operation method, can effectively control damage to the stope boundary, and ensures safe stope in the later period; meanwhile, the ore pillar and the filling body can be effectively protected, and the ore dilution rate is reduced.
According to the boundary control blasting method for the underground mine deep hole stope, provided by the invention, the empty holes without explosive cartridges are arranged on the pre-blasting boundary of the stope, and the empty holes and the explosive charging holes are arranged at intervals, so that the design structure can reduce the linear explosive charging density and increase the explosive charging decoupling coefficient of the first initiating explosive cartridge and the second initiating explosive cartridge, the damage of blasting vibration to the stope boundary is reduced, and the purposes of protecting the stope boundary and reducing overbreak are achieved.
The proposed underground mine deep hole stope boundary control blasting method according to the present invention is described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the underground mine deep hole stope boundary control blasting method provided by the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A boundary control blasting method for a deep hole stope of an underground mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
filling a cement plug in a preset interval from the bottom of the hole, and filling a first filling layer above the cement plug;
a first initiating explosive package is arranged above the first filling layer, and a second initiating explosive package is arranged above the first initiating explosive package at a preset distance;
wherein, in the process of loading the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package, a cavity hole and a charging hole are arranged at the pre-explosion boundary of a stope, the cavity hole and the charging hole are arranged at intervals, a cartridge is loaded in the charging hole, wherein,
the hollow hole is used for reducing the content of cartridges in the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package, increasing the decoupling coefficient of the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package and weakening the blasting vibration to the stope boundary;
filling a second filling layer above the second initiating explosive bag;
and the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package are detonated by the blasting device, so that the boundary control blasting of the deep-hole stope is realized.
2. The boundary controlled blasting method for the underground mine deep hole stope according to claim 1, wherein the steps of filling a cement plug in a preset interval from the bottom of the hole and filling a first filling layer above the cement plug comprise the following steps:
a lifting ring at the center of the cement plug is bound by a lifting rope;
under the action of the lifting rope and the lifting ring, the cement plug is lowered to a preset position away from the hole bottom for fixing;
and filling a first filling layer above the cement plug, wherein the first filling layer is river sand or rock powder.
3. The boundary controlled blasting method for underground mine deep hole stopes according to claim 1, wherein the step of installing a first blasting charge above the first filling layer comprises the following steps:
hoisting the first explosive charge into the hole through a lifting rope, wherein the thickness of the first explosive charge is 0.5m +/-0.1 m;
and connecting the detonator with the blasting device, wherein the detonator is arranged at the middle upper part of the first explosive charge.
4. The method for boundary controlled blasting of a deep hole stope in an underground mine according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined distance between the first priming charge and the second priming charge is 1.5m ± 0.1 m.
5. The method of boundary controlled blasting of an underground mine deep hole stope according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the cartridge is 100mm ± 1 mm.
6. The method of boundary controlled blasting of underground mine deep hole stopes according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second layer of initiating explosive charge is 0.5m ± 0.1 m.
7. The boundary controlled blasting method for underground mine deep hole stopes according to claim 1, wherein the step of filling a second filling layer above the second initiating explosive package comprises the steps of:
filling river sand or rock powder on the second primary explosive bag, wherein the filled river sand or rock powder forms a second filling layer;
and controlling the thickness of the second filling layer to be 0.3m +/-0.1 m according to the Python hardness classification of the rock and the Rivenston blasting funnel principle.
8. The underground mine deep hole stope boundary control blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting device comprises: an initiator, a booster tube connected with the initiator, and a delay detonation tube connected with the booster tube, wherein,
the two delay initiating explosive tubes are respectively connected with the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package.
9. The boundary controlled blasting method for underground mine deep hole stopes according to claim 8, wherein the two delay detonation tubes are different in delay time, and both the two delay detonation tubes are connected with the booster tube;
and respectively detonating the first initiating explosive package and the second initiating explosive package by starting the initiator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110794133.0A CN113513954A (en) | 2021-07-14 | 2021-07-14 | Boundary control blasting method for underground mine deep hole stope |
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| CN202110794133.0A CN113513954A (en) | 2021-07-14 | 2021-07-14 | Boundary control blasting method for underground mine deep hole stope |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114320297A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 内蒙古包头鑫达黄金矿业有限责任公司 | Steep dip thin ore vein large diameter deep hole mining method |
| CN114674185A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-28 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | High and large stope contour control blasting method |
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| CN102808621A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-05 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Method for blasting heavy-inclined thick ore bodies |
| CN104048570A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-17 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Deep hole blasting filling method |
| WO2016205935A1 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2016-12-29 | Norvent Mine Systems Inc. | Controlled directional blasting |
| CN108613599A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-02 | 湖北三鑫金铜股份有限公司 | A method of segmentation courtyard simultaneous shaft sin king |
| CN109900175A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-18 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | The low damage blasting method of underground mine tunnelling |
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2021
- 2021-07-14 CN CN202110794133.0A patent/CN113513954A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102808621A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-05 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Method for blasting heavy-inclined thick ore bodies |
| CN104048570A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-17 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Deep hole blasting filling method |
| WO2016205935A1 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2016-12-29 | Norvent Mine Systems Inc. | Controlled directional blasting |
| CN109900175A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-18 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | The low damage blasting method of underground mine tunnelling |
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| CN114320297A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 内蒙古包头鑫达黄金矿业有限责任公司 | Steep dip thin ore vein large diameter deep hole mining method |
| CN114674185A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-28 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | High and large stope contour control blasting method |
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