CN113513269B - Hard alloy tooth and tooth fixing method - Google Patents
Hard alloy tooth and tooth fixing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113513269B CN113513269B CN202111075379.9A CN202111075379A CN113513269B CN 113513269 B CN113513269 B CN 113513269B CN 202111075379 A CN202111075379 A CN 202111075379A CN 113513269 B CN113513269 B CN 113513269B
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- tooth
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- carbide
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/16—Roller bits characterised by tooth form or arrangement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a carbide tooth and solid tooth method, belongs to technical equipment field such as oil and gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel engineering, hydrology and non-excavation, concretely relates to carbide tooth and solid tooth method, sets up a step face on the carbide tooth, is provided with 3 evenly distributed's through groove on the tooth periphery at least, is provided with 1 at least bead in carbide tooth bottom surface, and the value range of carbide tooth step face diameter size is: d1-d2 of 0.01mm or more and 10mm or less, wherein d2 is the diameter of the small face of the step, and d1 is the diameter of the large face of the step. The tooth holes are pressed in by interference, then brazing filler metal is used for filling gaps between tooth spaces and teeth, the hard alloy teeth are fixed in multiple modes, the brazing contact area of the hard alloy teeth is increased, the tooth fixing strength of the teeth is increased, and the risk that the hard alloy teeth fall off the bottom of the well is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, construction foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel engineering, hydrology, trenchless and the like, and particularly relates to a hard alloy tooth and a tooth fixing method.
Background
Drill bits are rock breaking tools used in drilling operations to break rock and form wellbores. Roller cone drill bits are common rock breaking tools used in drilling engineering. Tricone bits break rock primarily in the form of impact crushing, i.e., the teeth break the rock by impact, crushing and scraping against the rock with a small amount of slippage. Tricone bits currently used in drilling engineering include steel tooth bits (also known as milling bits) and carbide tooth bits (also known as button bits). The milling tooth roller bit is to directly mill cutting teeth on a roller body, the material of the cutting teeth is the same as that of a roller body, the cutting teeth are generally made of steel materials, the strength of the teeth is low, the wear resistance is poor, and the milling tooth roller bit is generally used for soft strata. . Because the size of the tooth is large (the tooth crest width and the exposure height are both large), the rock breaking efficiency of the gear milling drill bit in the drilling of the soft stratum is high; however, drill bit cutters are susceptible to strength failure and wear failure due to limitations in the cutter material. In order to improve the wear resistance of the cutting teeth, the surface of the steel teeth is generally subjected to strengthening treatment or is coated with wear-resistant alloy to improve the surface strength and wear resistance, but the thickness of a surface strengthening layer or a coating layer after treatment is limited, the surface strength and wear resistance are still not as good as those of hard alloy, and the treated steel teeth have larger difference compared with the hard alloy teeth. The short life of the cutting teeth of a milling cutter bit limits its useful life and its application in hard or abrasive formations. The insert bit is used for embedding hard alloy teeth (hereinafter referred to as hard alloy teeth or teeth) in tooth holes reserved in a cone body in a manner of interference fit or welding and the like, and the hardness and the wear resistance of the hard alloy teeth are obviously superior to those of steel teeth and are generally used for harder strata. The teeth of the insert cone bit have small size (particularly small tooth crest width), and the tooth crest width is obviously smaller than the diameter of the lower insert part, so that the formed relatively sharp tooth head can better adapt to rock breaking of hard stratum. However, because of the small size of the teeth, the drilling efficiency of the insert roller bit in soft stratum is obviously inferior to that of the milling roller bit. In addition, in practical engineering, the formation is complicated and varied, and is not a single soft formation or hard formation, but a formation with a hard interlayer, a soft-hard staggered formation and a heterogeneous formation are common, and in this case, the use effect of the existing steel tooth drill bit (also called milling tooth drill bit) and the hard alloy tooth drill bit (also called insert tooth drill bit) is greatly reduced.
The existing tooth fixing mode of hard alloy comprises two types, one type is the cold pressing tooth fixing process manufacturing, namely, the columnar teeth are pre-positioned through manual operation or a simple centering sleeve, and then are suddenly pressed into a tooth hole which can form a set interference magnitude through external force; another type is the hot-set tooth-fixing process, in which the tooth is fixed by heating the tooth hole or cooling the cemented carbide with liquid nitrogen, by the temperature difference between the tooth hole and the cemented carbide tooth, due to the deformation between them caused by the temperature. The two existing tooth fixing methods are applied in practical engineering, particularly the first cold pressing tooth fixing method, but in practical application, external force is suddenly pressed into a hole, so that column teeth, drill bit tooth hole orifices and hole walls are easily damaged, the steel body is reduced in the accommodation area of the column teeth, and the tooth fixing strength is greatly reduced. Thereby causing the situation of broken teeth, tooth falling and block falling of the drill bit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the conventional tooth fixing process, the invention provides a hard alloy tooth and a tooth fixing method, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of unstable quality conditions such as tooth breakage, tooth falling, block falling and the like of a drill bit in the early stage due to the improper traditional tooth fixing method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to achieve the aim is as follows:
a hard alloy tooth is characterized in that: set up a step face on the carbide tooth, be provided with 3 evenly distributed's through groove on the tooth periphery at least, be provided with 1 at least bead in carbide tooth bottom of tooth face, and the value range of carbide tooth step face diameter size is: d1-d2 of 0.01mm or more and 10mm or less, wherein d2 is the diameter of the small face of the step, and d1 is the diameter of the large face of the step.
In the above scheme, the step surface is arranged on the upper portion of the tooth, as shown in fig. 1, so that the brazing filler metal can directly flow into a gap between the tooth hole and the hard alloy tooth after being heated, and the step surface is close to the bottom of the tooth, as shown in fig. 2, the brazing filler metal needs to enter the gap between the tooth hole and the hard alloy through the groove, so that the hard alloy welding area is the bottom of the tooth and the circumferential surface with small step surface, the welding strength of the hard alloy tooth is increased, the service life of the tooth is prolonged, and the hard alloy tooth can be applied to a roller bit and an impact bit, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
Alternatively, the diameter D1 of the cemented carbide tooth and the value range of the tooth hole D1 are as follows: D1-D1 is not less than 0.01mm and not more than 0.2 mm.
In the scheme, the diameter D1 of the hard alloy tooth is larger than the diameter D1 of the tooth hole, so that the hard alloy tooth can be accurately positioned, the tooth is pressed in by interference, and the partial area of the tooth is in interference fit, so that the fastening force of the tooth is increased, and the risk that the tooth falls off the bottom of the well is reduced.
Alternatively, the hard alloy teeth are cone teeth, wedge teeth, spherical teeth, bullet teeth, PDC teeth, axe-shaped teeth.
In the scheme, the hard alloy is in the shape of teeth with different shapes, so that the application range of the hard alloy teeth is widened for widening the use stratum of the drill bit.
Optionally, at least 1 rib is arranged on the bottom surface of the hard alloy tooth, and the value range of the height k of the rib is as follows: k is more than or equal to 1mm and more than or equal to 0.1 mm.
In the above scheme, the setting of bead is for the brazing filler metal provides the space, increases the contact area of carbide tooth bottom surface and perforation, increases the welding seam volume, and extension carbide tooth life restricts the bead height and is in order to practice thrift the cost, guarantees welding strength.
Optionally, at least 3 uniformly distributed through grooves are formed in the circumferential surface of the cemented carbide tooth, and the width h of each groove is in a value range of: h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 3 mm.
In the scheme, the flowability of different brazing materials is different, the width of the through groove is limited, and the purpose is to adapt to the brazing materials of different materials and improve the applicability of the hard alloy teeth to the brazing materials.
A hard alloy tooth fixing method adopts the hard alloy tooth, and comprises the following steps:
grinding the oxide film of the hard alloy teeth on a grinding machine;
cleaning the tooth holes by using alcohol, and cleaning the tooth holes by using a brazing filler metal solvent;
pressing the hard alloy teeth into the tooth holes on a press;
heating the bit body and the hard alloy teeth to 500-600 ℃;
heating the brazing filler metal, wherein the heated brazing filler metal flows into gaps between the tooth spaces and the small faces of the hard alloy steps, and the brazing filler metal flows into the gaps between the bottoms of the tooth holes and the bottoms of the hard alloy through the through groovesIn the gap between them.
In the above scheme, the tooth holes are pressed in by interference, then the brazing filler metal is used for filling gaps between tooth spaces and teeth, the hard alloy teeth are fixed in multiple modes, the brazing contact area of the hard alloy teeth is increased, the tooth fixing strength of the teeth is increased, and the risk that the hard alloy teeth fall off the bottom of the well is reduced.
Advantageous effects
The hard alloy teeth are fixed by means of interference pressing and brazing 2, the brazing contact area of the hard alloy teeth is increased, the tooth fixing strength of the teeth is increased, and the risk that the hard alloy teeth fall off the bottom of the well is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cemented carbide tooth according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a step surface near the bottom of a cemented carbide tooth;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cemented carbide and the bit for tooth retention;
FIG. 6 is a bit using cemented carbide buttons;
FIG. 7 is a roller cone drill bit using cemented carbide inserts;
1-cemented carbide tooth, 12-step surface, 13-through groove, 14-convex edge, 2-drill bit, 21-drill bit, 22-cone and 3-welding line.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the invention.
A cemented carbide tooth 1 is characterized in that: the hard alloy tooth is provided with a step surface 12, the periphery of the tooth is at least provided with 3 through grooves 13 which are uniformly distributed, the bottom surface of the hard alloy tooth is provided with at least 1 convex rib 14, and the diameter of the hard alloy tooth step surface is within the range: d1-d2 of 0.01mm to 10mm, wherein d2 is the diameter of the small face of the step, and d1 is the diameter of the large face of the step, as shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Preferably, the diameter D1 of the cemented carbide tooth and the value range of the tooth hole D1 are as follows: D1-D1 of which the diameter is more than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 0.2mm, as shown in figures 3 and 5.
Preferably, the hard alloy teeth are cone teeth, wedge teeth, spherical teeth, bullet teeth, PDC teeth and axe teeth.
Preferably, at least 1 rib is arranged on the bottom surface of the hard alloy tooth, and the value range of the height k of the rib is as follows: k is more than or equal to 1mm and more than or equal to 0.1mm, as shown in figure 3.
Preferably, at least 3 uniformly distributed through grooves are formed in the circumferential surface of the hard alloy tooth, and the width h of each groove is in a value range as follows: h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 3mm, as shown in figure 4.
A hard alloy tooth fixing method adopts the hard alloy tooth, and comprises the following steps:
grinding the oxide film of the hard alloy teeth on a grinding machine;
cleaning the tooth holes by using alcohol, and cleaning the tooth holes by using a brazing filler metal solvent;
pressing the hard alloy teeth into the tooth holes on a press;
heating the bit body and the hard alloy teeth to 500-600 ℃;
and heating the brazing filler metal, wherein the heated brazing filler metal flows into a gap between the tooth space and the small face of the hard alloy step, and the brazing filler metal flows into a gap between the bottom of the tooth hole and the bottom of the hard alloy through the through groove.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Tooth fixing method for hard alloy tooth and hard alloy adopted by tooth fixing methodSet up a step face on the tooth, be provided with 3 evenly distributed's through groove on the tooth periphery at least, be provided with 1 at least bead in carbide tooth bottom of the tooth face, and carbide tooth step face diameter size's value range does: D1-D2 are more than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 10mm, wherein D2 is the diameter of a small face of the step, D1 is the diameter of a large face of the step, and the value ranges of the diameter D1 and the tooth hole D1 of the hard alloy tooth are as follows: D1-D1 of which the thickness is not less than 0.01mm and not more than 0.2mm, and the method comprises the following steps:
grinding the oxide film of the hard alloy teeth on a grinding machine;
cleaning the tooth holes by using alcohol, and cleaning the tooth holes by using a brazing filler metal solvent;
pressing the hard alloy teeth into the tooth holes on a press;
heating the bit body and the hard alloy teeth to 500-600 ℃;
and heating the brazing filler metal, wherein the heated brazing filler metal flows into a gap between the tooth space and the small face of the hard alloy step, and the brazing filler metal flows into a gap between the bottom of the tooth hole and the bottom of the hard alloy through the through groove.
2. The method for setting a cemented carbide tooth according to claim 1, wherein: the hard alloy teeth are cone-shaped teeth, wedge-shaped teeth, spherical teeth, bullet-shaped teeth, PDC teeth and axe-shaped teeth.
3. The method for setting a cemented carbide tooth according to claim 1, wherein: at least 1 bead is arranged on the bottom surface of the hard alloy tooth, and the value range of the bead height k is as follows: k is more than or equal to 1mm and more than or equal to 0.1 mm.
4. The method for setting a cemented carbide tooth according to claim 1, wherein: at least 3 through grooves which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the circumferential surface of the hard alloy tooth, and the value range of the width h of each groove is as follows: h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 3 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111075379.9A CN113513269B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Hard alloy tooth and tooth fixing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111075379.9A CN113513269B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Hard alloy tooth and tooth fixing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113513269A CN113513269A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
| CN113513269B true CN113513269B (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2000420C1 (en) * | 1990-06-27 | 1993-09-07 | Специальное конструкторское бюро по геологоразведочной технике "Геотехника" | Roller bit of rock-breaking tool |
| US6766870B2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-07-27 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Mechanically shaped hardfacing cutting/wear structures |
| CN101956533A (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-26 | 任俊 | Manufacturing method of PDC bit body |
| CN101892811A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2010-11-24 | 山西鑫博瑞科技有限公司 | Ultrastrong diamond compact bit |
| CN202047753U (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-11-23 | 株洲金鼎硬质合金有限公司 | Hard alloy gear of drill for mining |
| CN202131985U (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2012-02-01 | 湖北鸣利来冶金机械科技有限公司 | Hard-alloy inserted roller bit |
| CN103089152B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-11-26 | 西南石油大学 | Embedded type wide-tooth cone bit |
| CN211200536U (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-08-07 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | Hard alloy tooth |
| CN212359749U (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-01-15 | 株洲信达机械科技有限公司 | Novel promote pick of brazing intensity |
| CN213743256U (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-07-20 | 天津立林钻头有限公司 | Insert roller bit with pressure relief groove |
| CN213683994U (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-07-13 | 山西潞安集团蒲县新良友煤业有限公司 | Three-tooth hard alloy drill bit through copper brazing |
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2021
- 2021-09-14 CN CN202111075379.9A patent/CN113513269B/en active Active
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