CN113512629B - Production method of easily-welded and easily-formed wear-resistant steel plate - Google Patents

Production method of easily-welded and easily-formed wear-resistant steel plate Download PDF

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CN113512629B
CN113512629B CN202110735029.4A CN202110735029A CN113512629B CN 113512629 B CN113512629 B CN 113512629B CN 202110735029 A CN202110735029 A CN 202110735029A CN 113512629 B CN113512629 B CN 113512629B
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rolling
equal
tempering
steel plate
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CN113512629A (en
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张青学
杨建华
张勇伟
刘丹
周文浩
高擎
龙渊
杨小军
钱亚军
李玉路
孙小平
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Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Abstract

The production process of easy-to-weld and easy-to-form wear resistant steel plate includes molten iron pre-treatment → converter smelting → LF external refining → VD vacuum treatment → continuous casting → heating → rolling → straightening → on-line quenching → tempering → finishing → performance inspection → fault detection. The chemical compositions of the steel by weight percentage are C = 0.15-0.20, si = 0.40-0.60, mn = 1.30-1.60, P ≤ 0.015, S ≤ 0.005, nb ≤ 0.005, ti =0.010-0.025, als ≥ 0.020, B =0.000-8-0.0025, CEV ≤ 0.48, and the balance Fe and other trace elements. Wherein CEV = C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15, nb + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.035, cr + Mo + Ni is less than or equal to 0.10. The invention provides the production method of NM360 and NM400 with good bending performance and easy welding, which has low alloy content, saves the off-line quenching process, saves energy, protects environment and has low production cost.

Description

Production method of easily-welded and easily-formed wear-resistant steel plate
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel making, and relates to a production method of an easily welded and easily formed wear-resistant steel plate.
Background
The wear-resistant steel is a steel material suitable for various wear working conditions, and low-alloy wear-resistant steel which is continuously developed in recent years is widely applied to the field of equipment of coal mine machinery and engineering machinery, such as excavators, loaders, crushers, ore transport vehicles and the like. The low-alloy martensite wear-resistant steel generally needs to be added with alloy elements such as Cr, mo, ni and the like, and a tempered martensite structure is obtained through quenching and low-temperature tempering treatment. In order to improve the hardness properties, it is the most common method to increase the carbon content and the content of alloying elements, but this is accompanied by an increase in the carbon equivalent, which seriously affects the toughness and weldability of the steel.
In the prior art, researches on improving the hardness and toughness of wear-resistant steel are more, for example, chinese patent 201610750418.3 discloses a high-strength wear-resistant steel plate and a production method thereof, a large amount of precious alloy is added in the method, the high-strength wear-resistant steel plate is produced by controlled rolling and controlled cooling plus QT process, the hardness and toughness are improved, and the production cost is high. Chinese patent 201310322344.X discloses a wear-resistant steel plate with low crack sensitivity index and high strength and a preparation method thereof, the method comprises the steps of reducing Mn content, adding Mo and Cr elements, and adopting controlled rolling and controlled cooling and QT process to produce the wear-resistant steel plate meeting the NM450 hardness requirement, and the toughness and plasticity are not involved. Chinese patent CN 201110383513.1) discloses an ultrahigh strength wear-resistant steel plate and a manufacturing method thereof, the method comprises the steps of enabling the carbon content to be 0.205-0.25%, adding Ni, cr and Mo precious alloys, and utilizing the TRIP effect of the steel plate when in use to improve the wear resistance, wherein the welding preheating temperature is 75 ℃.
The above patent is concerned mainly with improvement of wear resistance and weldability, and does not relate to plasticity, i.e., formability, of the wear-resistant steel sheet. With the continuous expansion of the application range of wear-resistant steel, bending forming at different angles is required for manufacturing a plurality of mechanical equipment, and the wear-resistant steel is required to have good plasticity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of easily welded and easily formed wear-resistant steel, the CEV of the produced steel plate is less than or equal to 0.48 percent, the bending property is good when the bending diameter d =3a meets 180 degrees, and the steel plate is not preheated and welded without crack defects.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the production process of easy-to-weld and easy-to-form wear resistant steel plate includes molten iron pre-treatment → converter smelting → LF external refining → VD vacuum treatment → continuous casting → heating → rolling → straightening → on-line quenching → tempering → finishing → performance inspection → fault detection. The steel has the chemical composition weight percentage of C =0.15 to 0.20, si =0.40 to 0.60, mn =1.30 to 1.60, P ≤ 0.015, S ≤ 0.005, nb ≤ 0.005, ti =0.010 to 0.025, als ≥ 0.020, B =0.0008 to 0.0025, CEV ≤ 0.48, and the balance Fe and other trace elements, wherein CEV = C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15, nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.035, cr + Mo + Ni ≤ 0.10; the key process steps comprise:
(1) Rolling: heating the plate blank to a tapping temperature of 1150 to 1200 ℃, and soaking for 30 to 50min; the rough rolling ensures that the reduction rate of two passes is more than or equal to 22 percent, and the reduction rate of at least one pass is more than or equal to 26 percent; the finish rolling start temperature is less than or equal to 1050 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature Tnr + (10 to 50) DEG C; when the rolling specification is less than or equal to 20mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is 70mm, and when the rolling specification is less than or equal to 45mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is more than or equal to 3.5 times of the plate thickness; the 3-pass reduction rate in the finish rolling stage is more than or equal to 18 percent;
(2) Online quenching: cooling with water after rolling at cooling temperature Ar 3 + (20 to 100) DEG C, water amount in high pressure area 130L/s/m 2 Low pressure area water amount 500L/s/m 2 The roller speed is 0.4m/s, and the temperature of red return is less than or equal to 200 ℃;
(3) Tempering: the tempering temperature is 200 to 260 ℃, and the tempering time is 4 times of the plate thickness.
Furthermore, the wear-resistant steel with the hardness of 360HB and easy welding and forming has the chemical compositions by weight percentage of C =0.15 to 0.17, si =0.40 to 0.50, mn =1.40 to 1.50, P ≤ 0.015, S ≤ 0.005, nb ≤ 0.005, ti =0.010 to 0.020, als =0.020 to 0.045, B =0.0008 to 0.0025, CEV ≤ 0.43 and the balance of Fe and other trace elements; in the key process steps, the finish rolling temperature is 830 to 880 ℃, the open cooling temperature is 760 to 840 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 200 to 230 ℃.
Furthermore, the wear-resistant steel with the hardness of 400HB and easy welding and forming comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c =0.18 to 0.20, si =0.50 to 0.60, mn =1.50 to 1.60, P ≤ 0.015, S ≤ 0.005, nb ≤ 0.005, ti =0.015 to 0.025, als =0.030 to 0.055, B =0.0008 to 0.0025, CEV ≤ 0.48, and the balance of Fe and other trace elements; in the key process steps, the finish rolling temperature is 810-860 ℃, the open cooling temperature is 740-820 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 230-250 ℃.
Tnr is the rolling non-recrystallization critical temperature, and Ar3 is the starting temperature of ferrite transformation during cooling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the addition of noble alloy elements Cr, ni, mo, nb and V is reduced by the composition design, and the alloy cost is low; the low-carbon equivalent design is adopted, so that non-preheating welding can be realized; the rolling adopts high-temperature high-pressure recrystallization rolling and low-temperature recrystallization rolling to ensure the grain refinement of the steel plate; the whole rolling stage is rolled in a recrystallization zone, the recrystallized grains are equiaxial grains, the dislocation density and the stress are both smaller than those of the non-recrystallization zone, and the steel plate is easy to bend and form; and online quenching is carried out after rolling, so that an offline quenching process is omitted, energy is saved, and emission is reduced.
The easily-welded and easily-formed wear-resistant steel with the specification of 15-45mm is produced according to the technical scheme of the invention, and can reach the following performance indexes:
NM360: tensile strength is more than or equal to 1100MPa, surface hardness: the impact energy is more than or equal to 50J at the temperature of 330-390HBW and 20 ℃, the bending center diameter d =3a, and the surface is bent for 180 degrees and is intact;
NM400: tensile strength is more than or equal to 1200MPa, surface hardness: the impact energy is more than or equal to 45J at the temperature of 370-430HBW and 20 ℃, the bending center diameter d =3a, and the surface is bent for 180 degrees and is intact.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 25mm nm360 bend photograph (d =75mm,180 °).
Fig. 2 shows a 25mmNM360 welded ferritin phase without preheating.
Fig. 3 is a 25mm nm400 curved photograph (d =75mm,180 °).
Fig. 4 shows a 25mmNM400 welded ferritin phase without preheating.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The first embodiment is as follows: production of 25mmNM360 steel plate
The steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c =0.16, si =0.45, mn =1.42, p =0.013, s =0.0021, nb =0.003, v =0.003, ti =0.015, als =0.031, cr =0.02, mo =0.01%, ni =0.02, b =0.0015, cev =0.41, the balance being Fe and other trace elements; nb + V + Ti =0.021, cr + Mo + Ni =0.05.
The key process steps comprise:
(1) Rolling: heating the plate blank to 1165 ℃ and soaking for 33min; the reduction rate of the last three passes of rough rolling is 18.5%, 23.2% and 27.5%; the thickness of the intermediate billet is 100mm, the finish rolling start temperature is 960 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature is 840-870 ℃; the reduction rate of 3 passes in the finish rolling stage is 18.5 percent, 19.2 percent and 20.1 percent;
(2) Online quenching: directly cooling in water after rolling, wherein the cooling temperature is 800 to 835 ℃, and the water volume in a high-pressure area is 130L/s/m 2 Low pressure regionThe water quantity is 500L/s/m 2 The roller speed is 0.4m/s, and the temperature of red return is less than or equal to 200 ℃;
(3) Tempering: the tempering temperature is 210 ℃, and the tempering time is 100min.
The tempered steel plate has the tensile strength of 1187MPa, the hardness of 371HBW and V-shaped notch Charpy impact power values of 65J, 63J and 58J at the temperature of 20 ℃ and is bent by adopting the bending core diameter d =3a =75mm, and the surface is intact after the steel plate is bent by 180 degrees.
The second embodiment: production of 45mmNM360 steel plate
The steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c =0.17, si =0.47, mn =1.47, p =0.011, s =0.0023, nb =0.004, v =0.002%, ti =0.018, als =0.035, cr =0.03, mo =0.02, ni =0.01, b =0.0017, cev =0.43, the balance being Fe and other trace elements; nb + V + Ti =0.024, cr + Mo + Ni =0.06.
The key process steps comprise:
(1) Rolling: heating the plate blank to 1173 ℃ and soaking for 35min; the reduction rate of the last three passes of rough rolling is 18.1 percent, 22.7 percent and 26.8 percent; the thickness of the intermediate blank is 140mm, the starting temperature of finish rolling is 920 ℃, and the finishing temperature is 835 to 865 ℃; the reduction rate of 3 passes in the finish rolling stage is 18.7%, 19.0% and 19.5%;
(2) Online quenching: directly cooling in water after rolling, wherein the cooling temperature is 800-830 ℃, and the water volume in a high-pressure area is 130L/s/m 2 The water amount in the low-pressure area is 500L/s/m 2 The roller speed is 0.4m/s, and the temperature of red return is less than or equal to 200 ℃;
(3) Tempering: the tempering temperature is 210 ℃, and the tempering time is 160min.
The tempered steel plate has the tensile strength of 1160MPa, the hardness of 365HBW and V-shaped notch Charpy impact power values of 55J, 65J and 60J at the temperature of 20 ℃, is bent by adopting the bending core diameter d =3a =75mm (the thickness of 40mm is reduced to 25 mm), and has a perfect surface after being bent by 180 degrees.
Example three: production of 25mmNM400 steel plate
The chemical composition weight percentage of steel is C =0.19, si =0.52, mn =1.53, p =0.012, s =0.0023, nb =0.004, v =0.002%, ti =0.017, als =0.037, cr =0.03, mo =0.03, ni =0.01, b =0.0017, cev =0.46, and the balance is Fe and other trace elements; nb + V + Ti =0.023, cr + Mo + Ni =0.07.
The key process steps comprise:
(1) Rolling: heating the plate blank to 1180 ℃ and soaking for 40min; the reduction rate of the last three passes of rough rolling is 19.2 percent, 22.7 percent and 28.3 percent; the thickness of the intermediate billet is 100mm, the finish rolling start temperature is 940 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature is 820-850 ℃; the reduction rate of 3 passes in the finish rolling stage is 18.5%, 19.2% and 20.1%.
(2) Online quenching: directly cooling in water after rolling, wherein the cooling temperature is 780-820 ℃, and the water volume in a high-pressure area is 130L/s/m 2 The water amount in the low-pressure area is 500L/s/m 2 The roller speed is 0.4m/s, and the temperature of red return is less than or equal to 200 ℃.
(3) Tempering: the tempering temperature is 250 ℃, and the tempering time is 100min.
The tensile strength of the tempered steel plate is 1305MPa, the hardness is 413HBW, the Charpy impact power values of V-shaped notches at the temperature of 20 ℃ are 53J, 55J and 60J, the steel plate is bent by adopting the bending core diameter d =3a =75mm, and the surface is intact after the steel plate is bent by 180 degrees.
Example four: production of 35mmNM400 steel plate
The chemical composition weight percentage of the steel is C =0.20, si =0.55, mn =1.56, p =0.010, s =0.0015, nb =0.003, v =0.002%, ti =0.018, als =0.027, cr =0.04, mo =0.02, ni =0.02, b =0.0020, cev =0.47, and the balance is Fe and other trace elements; nb + V + Ti =0.023, cr + Mo + Ni =0.08.
The key process steps comprise:
(1) Rolling: the heating tapping temperature of the plate blank is 1170 ℃, and the soaking time is 38min; the reduction rate of the last three passes of rough rolling is 17.5%, 23.6% and 27.8%; the thickness of the intermediate billet is 130mm, the precision rolling starting temperature is 920 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 820-850 ℃; the reduction rate of 3 passes in the finish rolling stage is 19.3 percent, 19.7 percent and 20.5 percent;
(2) Online quenching: directly cooling in water after rolling, wherein the cooling temperature is 790 to 820 ℃, and the water volume in a high-pressure area is 130L/s/m 2 The water amount in the low-pressure area is 500L/s/m 2 The roller speed is 0.4m/s, and the temperature of red return is less than or equal to 200 ℃;
(3) Tempering: the tempering temperature is 250 ℃, and the tempering time is 140min.
The tempered steel plate has tensile strength of 1280MPa, hardness of 405HBW and V-shaped notch Charpy impact power values of 50J, 62J and 53J at 20 ℃, is bent by adopting the bending core diameter d =3a =75mm (the thickness of 35mm is reduced to 25 mm), and has a perfect surface after being bent by 180 degrees.

Claims (3)

1. The production process of easy-to-weld and easy-to-form wear resistant steel plate includes molten iron pre-treatment → converter smelting → LF external refining → VD vacuum treatment → continuous casting → heating → rolling → straightening → online quenching → tempering → finishing → performance inspection → fault detection, and features that: the steel comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by weight of C =0.15 to 0.20, si =0.40 to 0.60, mn =1.30 to 1.60, P ≤ 0.015, S ≤ 0.005, nb ≤ 0.005, ti =0.010 to 0.025, als ≥ 0.020, B =0.000to 8: 0.0025, CEV ≤ 0.48, and the balance Fe and other trace elements, wherein CEV = C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15, nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.035, cr + Mo + Ni ≤ 0.10; the key process steps comprise:
(1) Rolling: heating the plate blank to a tapping temperature of 1150 to 1200 ℃, and soaking for 30 to 50min; the rough rolling ensures that the reduction rate of two passes is more than or equal to 22 percent, and the reduction rate of at least one pass is more than or equal to 26 percent; the finish rolling start temperature is less than or equal to 1050 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature Tnr + (10 to 50) DEG C; when the rolling specification is less than or equal to 20mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is 70mm, and when the rolling specification is less than or equal to 45mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is more than or equal to 3.5 times of the plate thickness; the 3-pass reduction rate in the finish rolling stage is more than or equal to 18 percent;
(2) Online quenching: cooling with water after rolling at cooling temperature Ar 3 + (20 to 100) DEG C, water amount in high pressure area 130L/s/m 2 The water amount in the low-pressure area is 500L/s/m 2 The roller speed is 0.4m/s, and the temperature of red return is less than or equal to 200 ℃;
(3) Tempering: the tempering temperature is 200 to 260 ℃, and the tempering time is 4 times of the plate thickness.
2. The production method of the easily welded and easily formed wear-resistant steel plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: the wear-resistant steel with the hardness of 360HB and easy welding and forming has the chemical compositions by weight percentage of C =0.15 to 0.17, si =0.40 to 0.50, mn =1.40 to 1.50, P ≤ 0.015, S ≤ 0.005, nb ≤ 0.005, ti =0.010 to 0.020, als =0.020 to 0.045, B =0.0008 to 0.0025, CEV ≤ 0.43 and the balance of Fe and other trace elements; in the key process steps, the finish rolling temperature is 830 to 880 ℃, the open cooling temperature is 760 to 840 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 200 to 230 ℃.
3. The production method of the easily welded and easily formed wear-resistant steel plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: the steel has the chemical composition weight percentage of C =0.18 to 0.20, si =0.50 to 0.60, mn =1.50 to 1.60, P ≤ 0.015, S ≤ 0.005, nb ≤ 0.005, ti =0.015 to 0.025, als =0.030 to 0.055, B =0.0008 to 0.0025, CEV ≤ 0.48 and the balance of Fe and other trace elements, and is easy to weld and form; in the key process steps, the finish rolling temperature is 810-860 ℃, the open cooling temperature is 740-820 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 230-250 ℃.
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