CN113511345A - Two-stage telescopic airstairs and aerocar - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stage telescopic airstairs and an airstairs, wherein the airstairs comprise a fixed ladder, a main telescopic ladder and an intermediate ladder positioned between the fixed ladder and the main telescopic ladder, the intermediate ladder and the main telescopic ladder are in telescopic connection with the fixed ladder through corresponding guide rail pair structures, the intermediate ladder and the main telescopic ladder are provided with a dragging structure for dragging the intermediate ladder to synchronously extend out after the main telescopic ladder extends out for a set distance, the intermediate ladder is positioned in a ladder frame of the fixed ladder, and an intermediate ladder guide rail pair between the intermediate ladder and the fixed ladder is positioned between the fixed ladder frame and the opposite side wall of the intermediate ladder frame. The boarding vehicle is provided with the boarding ladder. The invention has the advantages that the airstairs have larger height adjusting range, can adapt to more airliner models, can reduce the operation cost of an airport, and has stable structure, compact layout, reliable function and long service life. The boarding vehicle has the same structural characteristics and excellent characteristics of the boarding ladder.

Description

Two-stage telescopic airstairs and aerocar

Technical Field

The invention relates to an aerodrome airstair, in particular to a two-stage telescopic airstair and an aerodrome.

Background

The boarding ladder is mainly used for the situation without a boarding corridor bridge as airport facilities, such as an airplane for executing special tasks, a special machine for visitors, or the situation that the airport facilities are incomplete, the boarding corridor bridge is not built or the number of boarding positions of the corridor bridge is small. The existing passenger boarding ladder is only of a single-stage telescopic structure and comprises a fixed ladder and an extension ladder, wherein fixed ladder steps are arranged on the fixed ladder and the extension ladder, an boarding platform is arranged at the far end of the extension ladder, the extension ladder can form a minimum boarding height after being completely retracted, a maximum boarding height is formed after the extension ladder is completely extended, and the two boarding heights form the boarding height adjusting range of the passenger boarding ladder. Obviously, the fixed ladder length determines the minimum boarding height and the telescopic ladder length determines the maximum boarding height.

In order to ensure the safety of passengers getting on and off the boarding ladder, the industry has clear specifications on the passing width, the height and the gradient of a guardrail, the height of a step, the depth of the step, the levelness of the step and the like of the boarding ladder. In order to meet the requirements of stable structure, long service life and safety guarantee, the length of the extension ladder and the length of the fixed ladder can be set only in a certain proportion range, and the length of the extension ladder is selected according to an integer number of ladder steps. In order to facilitate the movement of the passenger boarding ladder in an airport, the passenger boarding ladder is usually carried on a vehicle chassis and is integrally arranged in an inclined manner with a high front part and a low rear part, a fixed ladder extends upwards from the tail end of the vehicle chassis in an inclined manner, and an extension ladder is positioned below the fixed ladder and extends along the longitudinal direction of the fixed ladder. When the boarding vehicle runs in an airport, the extension ladder needs to be retracted and the front end needs to be lowered so as to meet the requirement of height limit of vehicles in the airport. After the extension ladder falls back in the height direction, the tail end of the extension ladder is positioned in an acute angle below the fixed ladder. The space of the acute angle part below the bearing platform and the fixed ladder is adopted, the telescopic ladder is limited by the structure of the ladder steps and is limited by factors such as the lowest boarding height, and the number of the ladder steps of the telescopic ladder is inevitably smaller than that of the fixed ladder. The boarding height adjusting range of the existing single-stage telescopic passenger ladder has larger limitation, and is usually only suitable for part of passenger planes with the existing specifications.

For a large airport, because the airport throughput is large, the types of the airplane are various, and the variation range of the boarding height is large, more than two boarding ladders with different adjustment ranges are generally required to meet the requirement that the boarding heights are different greatly, so that the operation cost of the airport is inevitably increased. Particularly, when dealing with a novel passenger plane with a boarding height exceeding the range of adjustment of the inherent boarding height, only a new boarding ladder can be customized, which inevitably results in a reduction in the utilization rate of the existing boarding ladder and further aggravates the operation cost. For this reason, it is required to develop an boarding vehicle having two stages of telescopic ladders.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect that the existing airstairs are limited in adaptation to airplane types, and provides a two-stage telescopic airstair which is of a three-section telescopic structure formed by two stages of telescopic ladders so as to increase the extension height adjusting range and expand the adaptation airplane types, and is of a telescopic connection structure formed by two stages of telescopic ladders and a fixed ladder so as to ensure the stability of the extension state and the use safety. The second purpose of the invention is to provide an boarding vehicle with the two-stage telescopic boarding ladder.

In order to achieve the first object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

A two-stage telescopic airstairs comprises a fixed ladder and a main telescopic ladder, wherein a first hinge part is arranged at the front end of the fixed ladder, a lifter is hinged to the first hinge part, and a second hinge part is arranged at the rear end of the fixed ladder; the main extension ladder is connected with a main ladder driving oil cylinder, and the middle ladder is positioned between the fixed ladder and the main extension ladder, the middle ladder and the main extension ladder are in telescopic connection with the fixed ladder through corresponding guide rail pair structures, the middle ladder and the main extension ladder are provided with a dragging structure which drags the middle ladder to synchronously stretch out after the main extension ladder stretches out a set distance, the middle ladder is positioned inside a ladder frame of the fixed ladder, and a middle ladder guide rail pair between the middle ladder and the fixed ladder is positioned between the fixed ladder frame and the opposite side wall of the middle ladder frame.

According to the invention adopting the technical scheme, the three-section type extension structure airstairs of the two-pole extension ladder are formed by the main extension ladder and the middle ladder, and the main extension ladder is driven by the main ladder driving oil cylinder to extend and retract. When the lifting machine is used for boarding the airplane, the lifting machine is hinged at the tail end of the chassis of the airplane through a second hinged part at the rear end of the fixed ladder, the lifting machine is supported at the front end of the fixed ladder, the pitching angle is adjusted by the lifting machine, and the total length of the boarding ladder is adjusted by the main ladder driving oil cylinder. On the premise of meeting the same retraction height, the passenger plane guidance system ensures that the trafficability of the passenger plane guidance system in the airport is not reduced, and can obtain a wider boarding height adjusting range so as to adapt to passenger planes of more types and reduce the operation cost of the airport. Meanwhile, the two telescopic ladders and the fixed ladder form a telescopic connection structure, so that the stability and the use safety of the stretching state are ensured. The middle ladder is dragged and extends out of the main extension ladder, and only a driving device for driving the main extension ladder to extend and retract can be arranged, so that the structure is simplified; the middle ladder is arranged in the ladder frame of the fixed ladder, so that the structure layout can be effectively compact, the space is saved, the size of the whole machine is reduced, and the passing performance in an airport is guaranteed.

Preferably, the front end of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder is fixedly connected with a support frame, the support frame extends from the side surface of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder to the back surface, and a space for the main extension ladder to extend and retract is formed between the support frame and the back surface of the fixed ladder; the fixed ladder and the middle ladder are both positioned on the front side of the main extension ladder; the upper part and the lower part of the support frame are triangular, and the first hinge part is arranged through the support frame and is positioned at one downward corner in the triangle. The connection relation between the lifting machine and the main extension ladder is formed through the support frame, the structural size of the connecting part is enlarged through the support frame, and the connection reliability is ensured; establish in main extension ladder openly through middle ladder, conveniently pull the structure and arrange according to hidden mode.

Further preferably, the guide rail pair between the fixed ladder and the main extension ladder consists of two sub-guide rail pairs; the two sub-guide rail pairs respectively consist of a bearing guide rail pair and a deflection control guide rail pair; and the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt rolling guide rail structures. Two functions of the guide rail pair structure are decomposed into two groups of guide rail pairs, and the two guide rail pairs are respectively designed in a strengthening way according to related functions and play a better role in cooperation; meanwhile, the characteristics of small motion resistance and abrasion of the rolling guide rail pair are utilized, the power consumption of the driving device is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Further preferably, the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt a double-roller structure. To improve stability through a dual roller configuration.

Preferably, two main bearing rollers in the bearing guide rail pair for forming the double-roller structure are matched in a groove of the same bearing guide member, the bearing guide member is positioned on the back of the main extension ladder, and the two main bearing rollers are longitudinally distributed on the support frame according to the ladder body; two deflection control rollers in the deflection control guide rail pairs for forming a double-roller structure are respectively matched in guide grooves of the two deflection control guide groove members to form two deflection control guide rail pairs, the two deflection control guide groove members are respectively positioned on the back and the side of the fixed ladder, the two deflection control guide rail pairs are mainly used for controlling pitching deflection, and the deflection control guide rail pairs positioned on the side are also used for controlling left and right deflection. The main functions are realized through the guide rail pair structures with different main functions, so that the reliable bearing and deflection control can be ensured; wherein, bear guide groove and reasonable structural dimension design of accessible, the control owner bears gyro wheel both sides clearance, also can form to the beat formation auxiliary control about.

Still further preferably, the deflection control roller on the side of the fixed ladder is arranged through a mounting plate, and a damping pad is arranged on the side of the mounting plate opposite to the support frame. In order under the whole state that stretches out of main extension ladder, the shock pad eliminates the side clearance in opposite directions of mounting panel and support frame to rock the energy about absorbing, ensure the stability of the state of stretching out.

Preferably, the support frame is further provided with gap adjusting rollers, the gap adjusting rollers are located between the two main bearing rollers, and the gap adjusting rollers apply acting force to the main extension ladder in the direction of the main bearing rollers. The telescopic movement clearance of the main telescopic ladder is adjusted through the clearance adjusting roller, the flexible operation is ensured, the pitching deflection is small, and the shake of passengers under the dynamic load condition of getting on and off the ladder is eliminated or reduced.

Preferably, the dragging structure consists of a dragging component and a dragging receiving component which can be abutted, and the dragging receiving component is fixed on the middle ladder; the pulling member is fixed to the main telescopic ladder. Ensuring reliable dragging; meanwhile, a retraction pushing connection structure can be arranged between the middle ladder and the middle ladder to ensure that the middle ladder is normally retracted, so that the hidden trouble that the middle ladder cannot automatically retract under the action of gravity due to clamping stagnation is eliminated; obviously, a fall-back limiting component is also arranged between the middle ladder and the fixed ladder to limit the retraction limit position.

Preferably, the front end of the fixed ladder is provided with a locking mechanism for preventing the main extension ladder from slipping off, the locking mechanism is provided with a first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw which are driven by a locking oil cylinder, the two clamping jaws correspond to two stroke sections of the main extension ladder respectively, and the main extension ladder is locked in the two stroke sections in an anti-slipping manner. So as to realize the anti-rollback locking of the main extension ladder and the middle ladder through locking the main extension ladder. When the main telescopic ladder is specifically arranged, two locking members for locking are arranged on the main telescopic ladder, and when one claw locks the corresponding locking member, the other claw has a spatial distance without interference with the corresponding locking member.

Preferably, the middle ladder guide rail pair consists of a groove for customizing channel steel and a middle roller positioned in the groove; the middle idler wheel is arranged on the fixed ladder; the customized channel steel forms the side frame edge of the middle ladder frame; wherein, the roller adopts a composite bearing structure; and the groove profile of the customized channel steel is adapted to the generatrix of the two rolling bodies on the composite bearing. The rolling guide rail pair structure of the composite bearing is formed, the rolling guide rail pair structure is utilized, the middle ladder is flexible, and good pitching inclination limiting and left-right deflection limiting effects can be obtained; and the composite bearing commodity and the matched channel steel section can be directly purchased for manufacturing, so that the cost is reduced.

When the ladder is actually used for boarding, in order to improve the trafficability of a vehicle, the first-stage ladder step of the fixed ladder is preferably set to be a hidden ladder step structure which can be hidden.

In order to achieve the second object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

A boarding vehicle comprises a self-walking vehicle chassis and a boarding ladder carried on the vehicle chassis; the airstairs realize the two-stage telescopic airstairs of the first invention.

By adopting the scheme, the boarding ladder on the boarding car is of a three-section boarding ladder structure with two-stage extension ladders, and has the same structural characteristics and excellent characteristics as the boarding ladder.

The invention has the advantages that the airstairs have larger height adjusting range, can adapt to more airliner models, can reduce the operation cost of an airport, and has stable structure, compact layout, reliable function and long service life. The boarding vehicle has the same structural characteristics and excellent characteristics of the boarding ladder.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic isometric view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view showing the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial schematic perspective view of the structure of the airstairs of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion a of fig. 3 according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view of a front end of the fixed ladder of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an isometric view of a portion of the front end of the holding ladder of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion B of fig. 6 according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an isometric view of a portion of the rear end side of the main telescopic ladder of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an isometric view of a portion of the main telescopic ladder of the present invention on the other side of the rear end thereof.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the intermediate ladder of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the portion C of fig. 10 according to the present invention.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the D portion of fig. 3 according to the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the locking mechanism for preventing the main telescopic ladder from slipping down in the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a hidden step-out condition in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a front view schematically showing the structure of the hidden step extended state in the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic isometric view of a hidden step-retracted condition of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a front view schematically showing the structure of the hidden step retracted state in the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a partial structural schematic view of the hidden ladder step provided with the second limiting structure.

Fig. 19 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the holding ladder of the present invention, in which the first step is in an extended state.

Fig. 20 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the fixed ladder of the present invention, in which the first ladder step is in a retracted state.

Fig. 21 is a partial schematic perspective view of the boarding platform of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited thereby within the scope of the described embodiments.

Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a two-stage telescopic airstair includes a fixed ladder 100 and a main telescopic ladder 200, the front end of the fixed ladder 100 is provided with a first hinge part, the first hinge part is hinged with a lifter 600, and the rear end of the fixed ladder 100 is provided with a second hinge part; the main extension ladder 200 comprises a boarding platform 500, an intermediate ladder 300, a main extension ladder 200, a main ladder driving oil cylinder 220, a dragging structure and a main extension ladder driving oil cylinder, wherein the boarding platform 500 is arranged at the front end of the main extension ladder 200, the main extension ladder 200 is connected with the main ladder driving oil cylinder 220, the intermediate ladder 300 is positioned between the fixed ladder 100 and the main extension ladder 200, the intermediate ladder 300 and the main extension ladder 200 are in telescopic connection with the fixed ladder 100 through corresponding guide rail pair structures, and the intermediate ladder 300 and the main extension ladder 200 are provided with the dragging structure for dragging the intermediate ladder 300 to synchronously extend out after the main extension ladder 200 extends out for a set distance; with reference to fig. 3, 10, 11 and 12, the intermediate ladder 300 is located inside the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, and the intermediate ladder guide rail pair between the intermediate ladder 300 and the fixed ladder 100 is located between the opposite side walls of the fixed ladder frame and the intermediate ladder frame 301; the fixed ladder 100 is provided with an extension length stopper 102 for limiting the extension length of the main extension ladder 200.

Referring to fig. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, a support frame 400 is fixedly connected to the back of the front end of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, and a space for the main extension ladder 200 to move telescopically is formed between the support frame 400 and the fixed ladder 100; the fixed ladder 100 and the intermediate ladder 300 are both positioned on the front of the main telescopic ladder 200. Wherein, the guide rail pair between the fixed ladder 100 and the main extension ladder 200 consists of two sub-guide rail pairs; the two sub-guide rail pairs respectively consist of a bearing guide rail pair and a deflection control guide rail pair; and the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt rolling guide rail structures. Wherein, the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt a double-roller structure. Specifically, two main bearing rollers 401 in the bearing guide rail pair for forming a double-roller structure are matched in a groove of the same bearing guide member 201, the bearing guide member 201 is located on the back of the main extension ladder 200, and the two main bearing rollers 401 are longitudinally distributed on the support frame 400 according to the ladder body; two deflection control rollers 202 in the deflection control guide rail pair for forming a double-roller structure are respectively matched in guide grooves of two deflection control guide groove members to form two deflection control guide rail pairs, the two deflection control guide groove members are respectively positioned on the back and the side of the fixed ladder 100, the two deflection control guide rail pairs are mainly used for controlling pitching deflection, the deflection control guide rail pair positioned on the side is also used for controlling left and right deflection, meanwhile, the extension length limiting block 102 is positioned at the front end of the guide groove of the side deflection control guide groove member 103, the side deflection control guide groove member 103 is formed by a side frame beam of a ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, the side frame beam is made of channel steel, and an angle steel 104 is welded in a groove of the channel steel to enable the groove to be adaptive to the diameter of the corresponding deflection control roller 202 after the groove is narrowed; the back yaw control guide channel member 105 located on the back of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100 is formed by bending a plate material and is welded to a channel steel constituting a side frame beam of the ladder frame. The deflection control roller 202 on the side of the fixed ladder 100 is disposed through the mounting plate 203, and the damping pad 204 is disposed on the side of the mounting plate 203 opposite to the supporting frame 400.

In addition, the supporting frame 400 is further provided with a gap adjusting roller 402, the gap adjusting roller 402 is located between the two main bearing rollers 401, and the gap adjusting roller 402 applies acting force to the main extension ladder 200 in the direction of the main bearing rollers 401; the gap adjustment roller 402 is disposed on the adjustment bracket 403, and the adjustment bracket 403 is disposed on the support frame 400 in a position-adjustable manner. The dragging structure is composed of a dragging component 205 and a dragging receiving component 303 which can be abutted, and the dragging receiving component 303 is fixed on the middle ladder frame 301 of the middle ladder 300; the pulling member 205 is fixed to a ladder frame stringer 207 of the main telescopic ladder 200; the yaw control roller 202 located on the fixed ladder 100 back yaw control guide rail pair is arranged at the tail end of the ladder frame longitudinal beam 207, most of the yaw control roller is hidden in a channel steel groove forming the ladder frame longitudinal beam 207, the top end of the yaw control roller protrudes out from a hollow-out portion on the side wall of a channel steel, one end of a roller shaft of the yaw control roller 202 is connected to the bottom wall of the channel steel, the other end of the roller shaft is connected to the sealing plate 208, and the sealing plate 208 is sealed and blocked at the notch of the channel steel.

The middle ladder frame 301 forms a rectangular frame structure through two side frame edges and two end beams, and a middle ladder step 302 is fixedly connected to the middle ladder frame 301; the frame edges at two sides of the middle ladder frame 301 are provided with rear extension sections, and a middle ladder guide rail pair structure is formed between the outer sides of the rear extension sections and the inner sides of the fixed ladders 100; the middle ladder frame 301 is further provided with a fall-back limiting member 304, and the fall-back limiting member 304 is used for limiting a limit fall-back position falling back under the action of gravity. The middle ladder frame 301 is provided with a cross beam corresponding to each middle ladder step 302, and the middle ladder step 302 positioned at the foremost end is supported on the front end side beam. The middle ladder guide rail pair consists of a groove for customizing channel steel and a middle roller 101 positioned in the groove; the middle roller 101 is arranged through a middle roller seat 106 fixedly connected to the fixed ladder 100, and the middle roller seat 106 is in a strip-shaped plate-shaped structure; the customized channel steel forms the side frame edges of the middle ladder frame 301. The grooves of the customized channel steel are adapted to the composite bearing forming the intermediate roller 101, and the contour of the grooves is adapted to the generatrix of the two rolling bodies on the composite bearing. The falling-back limiting member 304 is arranged in a groove of the channel steel, and the falling-back limiting member 304 abuts against the front end of the middle roller seat 106 to form a limitation on the falling-back limit position of the middle ladder 300. The front end of the groove of the channel steel is also provided with a reinforcing rib 305 and a hanging ring 306.

In addition, the two side edges of the middle ladder frame 301 are provided with dragging receiving members 303, the dragging receiving members 303 are positioned on the lower end faces of the front ends of the side edges, the two side edges of the middle ladder frame 301 are also provided with backing driving receiving blocks 307, and the backing driving receiving blocks 307 are positioned in front of the dragging receiving members 303 and extend outwards to be staggered with the dragging receiving members 303 in the width and height directions. The main telescopic ladder 200 is provided with a retraction driving block 206 on the ladder frame, and the retraction driving block 206 is used for pushing the middle ladder frame 300 to forcibly retract. The step footboard detachably of middle step 302 installs on angle iron bracket, and angle iron bracket welded fastening is on both sides frame edge and support correspond crossbeam or end beam, and a side and the laminating of side frame limit of angle iron bracket, another side and the laminating of step footboard.

Referring to fig. 2, a locking mechanism for preventing the main telescopic ladder 200 from sliding off is disposed at the front end of the fixed ladder 100, and the locking mechanism has a first jaw 702 and a second jaw 703 driven by a locking cylinder 701, and the two jaws respectively correspond to two stroke sections of the main telescopic ladder 200 to respectively form anti-sliding locking on the main telescopic ladder 200 in the two stroke sections.

Referring to fig. 13, a locking jaw driven by a locking cylinder 701 is included; the locking claw is composed of a first claw 702 and a second claw 703 which are distributed, and the two claws correspond to two lifting travel sections of the locked member respectively so as to form anti-slip locking on the main extension ladder 200 in the two lifting travel sections respectively; the locking oil cylinder 701 consists of two oil cylinders of a first oil cylinder 701A and a second oil cylinder 701B, and the bottom ends of the two oil cylinders are fixedly connected together.

Wherein, the first jaw 702 is fixedly connected to a jaw shaft 704, and the jaw shaft 704 is rotatably arranged on the base member; the second jaw 703 is hinged to the base member, and the second jaw 703 is connected to the jaw shaft 704 through a crank link mechanism. The specific crank-link mechanism comprises a crank 706 and a link 407, wherein the crank 706 is fixedly connected to the jaw shaft 704; the connecting rod 407 is hinged to the crank 706 and the second jaw 703 through two ends. The jaw shaft 704 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 708, and the mounting seat 708 is fixedly connected to the supporting frame 400; the jaw shaft 704 is also fixedly connected with an active arm 709, the free end of the active arm 709 is hinged with one end of the locking oil cylinder 701, the other end of the locking oil cylinder 701 is hinged on an oil cylinder seat 705, and the oil cylinder seat 705 is fixedly connected on the support frame 400.

Specifically, a first jaw 702 and a second jaw 703 are respectively arranged at two ends of the jaw shaft 704, and the two first jaws 702 at the two ends and the two second jaws 703 at the two ends are respectively arranged in a one-to-one left-right symmetrical manner; the locking oil cylinder 701 is positioned on a symmetrical axis of left-right symmetry. Wherein, main extension ladder 200 includes that two tank bottoms carry on the back mutually to be the channel-section steel 230 that sets for the interval and set up, the tank bottom back fixedly connected with first locking piece 231 of channel-section steel 230, be equipped with a plurality of profile of tooth locking structures 231A on first locking piece 231, a plurality of profile of tooth locking structures 231A correspond with the first flexible stroke of main extension ladder 200, jack catch axle 704 is rotated less angle by one of the drive in first hydro-cylinder 701A or the second hydro-cylinder 701B, first jack catch 702 is through combining the locking of stretching out to main extension ladder 200 with profile of tooth locking structure 231A formation, prevent that main extension ladder 200 from landing in first flexible stroke section and returning back. In this process, the second jaw 703 does not contact or interfere with the side wall of the channel 230 at all times. Be equipped with horizontal bar shape locking structure 230a on channel-section steel 230's the lateral wall, horizontal bar shape locking structure 230a corresponds with the flexible stroke of second of extension ladder, and the jaw axle 704 is rotated great angle by first hydro-cylinder 701A and the drive of second hydro-cylinder 701B combined action, and second jack catch 703 is through combining the locking that stretches out of formation to main extension ladder 200 with horizontal bar shape locking structure 230a, prevents that the ladder frame from landing in the flexible stroke section of second and returning back. In the process, the tail end of the ladder frame is far away from the first clamping jaw 702, and the second clamping jaw 703 is not contacted with or interfered with the tail end of the channel steel 230 all the time. The locking cylinder 701 may also be a common single-piston-rod cylinder, may also be a double-piston-rod cylinder with two ends extending out simultaneously, or may also be a two-stage cylinder, so as to replace the combination of two single-piston-rod cylinders with the overlapped strokes. When the substituted oil cylinder is adopted, the travel switch is matched for controlling the stroke of the oil cylinder so as to control the stroke of the oil cylinder to correspond to two strokes in the locked component.

The first telescopic stroke mainly corresponds to the anti-slip locking when the main telescopic ladder 200 is self-telescopic and the middle ladder 300 is partially telescopic; the second stroke segment corresponds to the anti-slip lock of the last one or two steps of the intermediate ladder 300.

The main ladder driving oil cylinder 220 is fixed on the back of the fixed ladder 100, the front end of the piston rod is hinged on the back of the main extension ladder 200, and in order to adapt to the structural characteristics that the working stroke of the two-stage extension ladder structure is greater than the length of the cylinder body, the main ladder driving oil cylinder 220 adopts a two-stage oil cylinder structure, so that the total stroke formed by sequentially extending and retracting the two-stage piston rods reaches the structural requirement that the length of the cylinder body is greater than the length of the cylinder body.

In order to ensure the passing ability of the vehicle when the vehicle is used for boarding the aircraft, the first step of the fixed ladder 100 adopts a hidden structure. Referring to fig. 14, 15, 16, 17, 19 and 20, the hidden ladder step comprises a rectangular ladder step body 110 and two bent arms 111 with one ends hinged to the inner side of the fixed ladder frame; the ladder step body 110 is in an L shape with a horizontal section larger than a vertical section, and the upper ends of the L-shaped vertical sections at two sides of the ladder step body 110 are respectively hinged with the free ends of the two bent arms 111; the upper end of the rear side of the L-shaped vertical section of the ladder step body 110 is hinged with a ladder step driving cylinder 112 formed by electric cylinders, and the cylinder body of the ladder step driving cylinder 112 is hinged on the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100; the step driving cylinder 112 retracts through a cylinder rod thereof to pull the step body 110, and drives the free end of the bent arm 111 to swing upwards to an upper limit position, and the L-shaped horizontal section of the step body 110 is located at the upper limit position; a first limit structure is formed between the hinge parts of the step body 110 and the bent arm 111; the step driving cylinder 112 extends through the cylinder rod to push the step body 110, and drives the free end of the curved arm 111 to swing downwards, so that the curved arm 111 and the step body 110 are located at the lower limit position in a state that the two members of the first limit structure are mutually butted.

The first limit structure comprises a frame limit element 110a, the frame limit element 110a is fixedly connected or integrally formed on the step body 110 and is positioned on the end surface of the step body 110, and the frame limit element 110a limits the L-shaped horizontal section of the step body 110 to a lower limit position by abutting against the side surface of the free end extension section 111a of the bent arm 111. The frame stop element 110a is in the form of a block-like structure, and the frame stop element 110a is in surface-contacting connection with the free end extension 111a of the bent arm 111. The free end extension 111a is extended outwardly from the hinge portion of the bent arm 111 and the step body 110 by the bent arm 111.

In addition, an extension spring 113 is further arranged between the rear side of the L-shaped vertical section of the step body 110 and the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, and a connection point of the extension spring 113 on the step body 110 is located at the lower end of the L-shaped vertical section.

As shown in fig. 15, when the step body 110 is at the lower limit position, the step body 110 is in the extended state, the position of the connection point between the extension spring 113 and the ladder frame is a, and the height is higher than the hinge point B between the extension spring 113 and the step body 110; the tension spring 113 is inclined downward from point a.

As shown in fig. 17, when the step body 110 is at the upper limit position, the step body 110 is in a retracted state, the position of the connection point of the extension spring 113 and the ladder frame is a, and is lower than the hinge point C of the extension spring 113 and the step body 110 in height; the tension spring 113 is inclined upward from point a. And when the step body 110 is at the upper limit position, the cylinder body of the step driving cylinder 112 is hinged with the step frame, the crank 111 is hinged with the step body 110, the crank 111 is hinged with the step frame, and the three hinges are located on the same straight line.

In this embodiment, an unlocking elastic member may be disposed above the curved arm 111 at the upper limit position, and the unlocking elastic member elastically abuts against the curved arm 111 to release the dead point state in the unloading state of the step driving cylinder 112, so as to smoothly enter the extending process of the step body 110; the dead point state can be released by using the gravity action under the unloading state of the ladder step driving cylinder 112 by using three reasonable gaps which are hinged and matched with the hinge points, wherein the dead point state is arranged in a mode that the positions of D, E, F are gradually increased as shown in figure 4, and the unlocking effect is better by means of self weight.

In this embodiment, also can set up upper limit position stop member on the ladder frame to avoid aforementioned three pin joint to form and be located the state of collinear, from avoiding appearing the dead point problem. The step driving cylinder 112 may be a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.

In order to improve the structural stability of the boarding platform, the auxiliary frame which synchronously stretches and retracts and moves along with the cross beam is arranged in the main frame and hinged with the cross beam, meanwhile, the positions of the bearing pedal are increased by the auxiliary frame and the auxiliary hinges in a mode of additionally arranging the auxiliary hinges on the two sides of the front end of the auxiliary frame, the transverse hollow size is effectively reduced, and the potential safety hazard of treading is eliminated or reduced.

Referring to fig. 21, the boarding platform 500 includes a main frame 501, a cross beam 502, a main hinge 503, and a sub-frame drive cylinder 504; a secondary frame 505 is arranged in the main frame 501, and a linear moving guide rail pair is arranged between the secondary frame 505 and the main frame 501; the middle part of the front end of the sub-frame 505 is hinged with the cross beam 502, and sub hinges 506 are arranged between the two sides of the front end of the sub-frame 505 and the cross beam 502; the sub-frame driving cylinder 504 is connected between the middle of the rear end of the sub-frame 505 and the main frame 501.

Wherein, the linear moving guide rail pair adopts a rolling guide rail pair structure with a roller 507 matched with a guide groove; the roller 507 adopts a composite bearing structure; the guide groove is formed by a groove of a customized channel steel, and the contour of the groove is adapted to the generatrices of the two rolling bodies on the roller 507; the customized channel steel also forms a longitudinal stiffening beam of the main frame 501; the rollers 507 are provided on the frame side beams of the sub-frame 505.

In addition, a rubber tube 508 is arranged on the front side of the cross beam 502, a pressing block is arranged inside the rubber tube 508, the rubber tube 508 is tightly pressed and fixed on the cross beam 502 through the pressing block, and the front end of the pressing block is arc-shaped. Two compression type travel switches 509 are further disposed on the cross beam 502, and contact rods of the compression type travel switches 509 are elastically and telescopically disposed on the cross beam 502. Wherein, two compression type travel switches 509 are arranged in parallel in the middle of the beam 502 with a certain distance, and the front end of the feeler lever passes through the rubber tube 508 and is exposed outside.

A shock absorber 510 is further disposed between the sub-frame driving cylinder 504 and the main frame 501, and the shock absorber 510 is connected in series to the rear end of the sub-frame driving cylinder 504 and hinged to each other. The subframe driving cylinder 504 is an electric cylinder.

Example 2, referring to fig. 18, the frame position-limiting element 110a in the hidden ladder step is of a cylindrical structure, or any cylindrical structure with an arc-shaped surface at the part contacting with the side surface of the free end extension section 111a of the bent arm 111, so that the first position-limiting structure is defined by the line contact forming position; a second limit structure is formed between the bent arm 111 and the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, and the second limit structure is used for limiting the bent arm 111 at the lower limit position. The second limiting structure comprises a bent arm limiting element 114, the bent arm limiting element 114 is a block-shaped structure or a rod-shaped structure, the bent arm limiting element 114 is fixedly connected to the ladder frame of the fixed ladder 100, and the bent arm limiting element 114 limits the bent arm 111 at the lower limiting position by abutting against the side surface of the proximal end of the bent arm 111.

When the bent arm limiting element 114 adopts a limiting block, the limiting block is independently fixed on the inner side of the longitudinal beam; when the rod-shaped member is adopted, the reinforcing pull rod is formed by reinforcing pull rods at corresponding positions of the two longitudinal beams, and the reinforcing pull rod can also be specially arranged and has the function of reinforcing the reinforcing pull rod.

The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1 or 2, and is not described herein again.

Embodiment 3, referring to fig. 1 and 2, an aeroengine includes a self-walking vehicle chassis 800 and an airstair mounted on the vehicle chassis 800; the airstairs were constituted by two-stage telescopic airstairs of examples 1 or 2.

The two-stage telescopic airstairs are hinged at the tail part of the vehicle chassis 800 through the lower ends of the fixed ladders 100, the lifter 600 is positioned at the front part and only depends on a cab, the main telescopic ladder 200 is longitudinally telescopic along the vehicle, the airstairs 500 have comprehensive movement of lifting and moving back and forth along with the far end of the main telescopic ladder 200, and the airstairs are in a retraction state, and the airstairs 500 are positioned above the top of the cab.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. A two-stage telescopic airstairs comprises a fixed ladder (100) and a main telescopic ladder (200), wherein a first hinge part is arranged at the front end of the fixed ladder (100), a lifter (600) is hinged to the first hinge part, and a second hinge part is arranged at the rear end of the fixed ladder (100); the main extension ladder (200) is connected with a main ladder driving oil cylinder; its characterized in that still including being located middle ladder (300) between fixed ladder (100) and main extension ladder (200), middle ladder (300) and main extension ladder (200) all form the telescopic connection through the guide rail pair structure that corresponds with fixed ladder (100), and middle ladder (300) and main extension ladder (200) have stretch out the settlement distance back in main extension ladder (200), drag the structure that drags that middle ladder (300) stretched out in step, inside middle ladder (300) were located the ladder frame of fixed ladder (100), middle ladder guide rail pair between middle ladder (300) and fixed ladder (100) was located between the lateral wall in opposite directions of fixed ladder frame and middle ladder frame (301).

2. The two-stage telescopic airstairs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder (100) is fixedly connected with a support frame (400), the support frame (400) extends from the side surface of the ladder frame of the fixed ladder to the back surface, and a space for the main telescopic ladder (200) to move telescopically is arranged between the support frame (400) and the back surface of the fixed ladder (100); the fixed ladder (100) and the middle ladder (300) are both positioned on the front side of the main extension ladder (200); the upper part and the lower part of the support frame (400) are triangular, and the first hinge part is arranged through the support frame (400) and is positioned at one downward corner in the triangle.

3. A two-stage telescopic airstair according to claim 2, characterized in that the rail pair between the fixed ladder (100) and the main telescopic ladder (200) consists of two sub-rail pairs; the two sub-guide rail pairs respectively consist of a bearing guide rail pair and a deflection control guide rail pair; the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt rolling guide rail structures; and the bearing guide rail pair and the deflection control guide rail pair both adopt a double-roller structure.

4. A two-stage telescopic airstair as claimed in claim 3, wherein two main bearing rollers (401) of the bearing rail pair for forming a double-roller structure are fitted in the groove of the same bearing guide member (201), the bearing guide member (201) is located at the back of the main telescopic ladder (200), and the two main bearing rollers (401) are distributed on the support frame (400) along the longitudinal direction of the ladder body; two deflection control rollers (202) in the deflection control guide rail pair for forming a double-roller structure are respectively matched in guide grooves of the two deflection control guide groove components to form two deflection control guide rail pairs, the two deflection control guide groove components are respectively positioned on the back and the side of the fixed ladder (100), the two deflection control guide rail pairs are mainly used for controlling pitching deflection, and the deflection control guide rail pair positioned on the side is also used for controlling left and right deflection.

5. A two-stage telescopic airstair as claimed in claim 4, wherein the yaw control roller (202) engaged with the yaw control guide groove member on the side of the fixed ladder (100) is provided by a mounting plate (203), and a shock pad (204) is provided on the side of the mounting plate (203) opposite to the support frame (400).

6. A two-stage telescopic airstair as claimed in claim 3, wherein the supporting frame (400) is further provided with a gap adjusting roller (402), the gap adjusting roller (402) is located between two main bearing rollers (401), and the gap adjusting roller (402) applies a force to the main telescopic ladder (200) in the direction of the main bearing rollers (401).

7. A two-stage telescopic airstair according to claim 1, wherein the towing structure is composed of a pulling member (205) that can be brought into abutment and a towing receiving member (303), the towing receiving member (303) being fixed on the intermediate ladder (300); the pulling member (205) is fixed to the main telescopic ladder (200).

8. A two-stage telescopic airstair as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the front end of the fixed ladder (100) is provided with a locking mechanism for preventing the main telescopic ladder (200) from sliding off, and the locking mechanism is provided with a first claw (702) and a second claw (703) which are driven by a locking oil cylinder (701), and the two claws respectively correspond to two stroke sections of the main telescopic ladder (200) so as to respectively form anti-sliding locking on the main telescopic ladder (200) in the two stroke sections.

9. A two-stage telescopic airstair according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the intermediate ladder guide rail pair is formed by a groove of a customized channel steel and an intermediate roller (101) positioned in the groove; the middle roller (101) is arranged on the fixed ladder (100); the customized channel steel forms the side frame edge of the middle ladder frame (301); wherein, the roller adopts a composite bearing structure; and the groove profile of the customized channel steel is adapted to the generatrix of the two rolling bodies on the composite bearing.

10. A boarding vehicle includes a self-walking vehicle chassis (800) and a boarding ladder mounted on the vehicle chassis (800); the two-stage telescopic airstairs according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are used as the airstairs.

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