CN113508723A - Method for cultivating edible and medicinal fungi to prevent and control harmful organisms in closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms by cultivating edible and medicinal fungi in a closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse, which comprises the following steps: (1) establishing an ecological warehouse, (2) loading a culture medium and inoculating, (3) installing a movable connector, (4) establishing an oxygen supply system, (5) establishing a humidification system, and (6) supplying air. According to the invention, the closed tunnel-shaped ecological bin is constructed, edible and medicinal fungi are cultivated in the ecological bin, the ecological bin meets the requirements on humidity and oxygen in the fruiting process of the fungus blocks or fungus sticks in the ecological bin through the oxygen supply and humidification system, the invasion of harmful organisms can be effectively prevented, a good growth environment is provided for the edible and medicinal fungi, and the fruiting management is convenient, water-saving and energy-saving.

Description

Method for cultivating edible and medicinal fungi to prevent and control harmful organisms in closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a method for cultivating edible and medicinal fungi, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in a closed tunnel-shaped ecological warehouse.

Background

The edible and medicinal fungi refer to edible or medicinal macrofungi. About 1000 kinds of edible fungi and about 500 kinds of medicinal fungi are known in China, and most of the edible fungi and the medicinal fungi belong to Basidiomycota. Common edible and medicinal fungi are: lentinus Edodes, Auricularia, straw Mushroom, Agaricus campestris, Tremella, Ganoderma, Poria, etc.

Edible and medicinal fungi are generally cultivated by adopting a planting greenhouse, the built-in space of the planting greenhouse is relatively large, and the humidity and the temperature in the planting greenhouse are not well controlled; in the planting process, when the grower needs to check the growth condition of the strains, the strains often need to enter the greenhouse, external bacteria or pests are easily brought into the greenhouse, and even if prevention and control measures are taken, the effect cannot last for a long time due to continuous invasion of external pests and diseases, so that the growth and development of edible fungi in the greenhouse are limited by the existing planting greenhouse, and the yield of the edible fungi is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in a closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse aiming at the defects of the prior art.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in a closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse comprises the following steps:

(1) establishing an ecological cabin body, arranging a support bottom plate in the film tube piece, and flatly pressing one surface of the film tube piece corresponding to the support bottom plate on the ground by the support bottom plate; then a plurality of arch-shaped support frames are arranged above the support bottom plate at intervals; the arched supporting frames prop open the cylindrical membrane piece to form a tunnel-shaped ecological bin body with a flat bottom and an arched upper part;

(2) placing a culture medium and inoculating, laying the sterilized culture medium on a supporting bottom plate, and inoculating on the culture medium;

(3) mounting a movable connecting piece, wherein two ends of the barrel membrane piece are furled in the movable connecting piece, the movable connecting piece is divided into a first movable connecting piece and a second movable connecting piece, one end of the barrel membrane piece is furled in the first movable connecting piece, and the other end of the barrel membrane piece is furled in the second movable connecting piece, so that a closed tunnel-shaped ecological bin is formed;

(4) establishing an oxygen supply system, installing a gas tank, supplying gas into the gas tank through an air compressor, and storing compressed air in the gas tank;

(5) establishing a humidifying system, installing a water storage tank, storing water in the water storage tank, connecting the bottom of the water storage tank with a gas tank, and humidifying air by compressed air entering from the bottom of the water storage tank;

(6) the top of the water storage tank is connected with the first movable connecting piece, and the humidified air is supplied to the tunnel-shaped ecological bin through the first movable connecting piece; the second movable connecting piece is properly exhausted outwards.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the method for preventing and controlling the harmful organisms by cultivating the edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse also comprises a hygrothermograph; the hygrothermograph is arranged in the tunnel-shaped ecological bin.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the movable joint part comprises a vent pipe, a pipe head, a gasket, a movable sleeve and a containing barrel; one end of the vent pipe is provided with a pipe head; the movable sleeve is sleeved on the containing barrel; wherein, the breather pipe is inserted into the containing barrel, and the pipe head is connected with the movable sleeve; the tube head is connected with the containing barrel in an extruding mode through the gasket.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the method for preventing and controlling the harmful organisms in the edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse further comprises a limiting ring and a clamping ring; the clamping ring is arranged at one end of the containing barrel; the limiting ring is arranged at one end in the movable sleeve; wherein, the spacing ring is correspondingly clamped and connected with the snap ring.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the method for preventing and controlling the harmful organisms in the edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse also comprises a bulge; the breather pipe is provided with at least two bulges.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the receiving cylinder of the first movable connector is connected with the air supply pipe; and a filter screen is arranged at one end of the storage barrel of the second movable connecting piece.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the arched support frame comprises a square pipe, a pipe sleeve, a support rod and an arched rod; the pipe sleeve is arranged on the square pipe; one end of the supporting rod is inserted into the pipe sleeve; the bow-shaped rod is connected with the other end of the supporting rod.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the method for preventing and controlling the harmful organisms by cultivating the edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse also comprises screws; the pipe sleeve is provided with a through hole; the screw is in threaded connection with the through hole; the screw is screwed into the through hole and extrudes the support rod in the fixed pipe sleeve.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the method for preventing and controlling the harmful organisms in the edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse further comprises an air supply pipe and an air regulating valve; the air regulating valve is arranged on the air supply pipe; one end of the air supply pipe is connected with the top of the air tank, and the other end of the air supply pipe is connected with the bottom of the water storage tank.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the method for preventing and controlling the harmful organisms in the edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse also comprises a pressure gauge and a liquid level meter; the pressure gauge is arranged in the air tank and used for displaying the air pressure in the air tank; the liquid level meter is arranged on the water storage tank and used for displaying the water level in the water storage tank.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress:

1. according to the invention, the closed tunnel-shaped ecological bin is constructed, edible fungi are cultivated in the tunnel-shaped ecological bin, the tunnel-shaped ecological bin is closed, the air compressor conveys compressed air into the air tank, the air tank introduces the compressed air into the water storage tank, the compressed air is humidified in the water storage tank and then introduced into the tunnel-shaped ecological bin, so that the requirements of humidity and oxygen in the fruiting process of fungus blocks or fungus sticks in the ecological bin are met; the two ends of the tube membrane piece of the tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse are folded by the loose joint pieces, so that harmful organisms can be effectively prevented from entering the ecological storehouse, a good growth environment is provided for edible and medicinal fungi, the fruiting management is convenient, and water and energy are saved.

2. The two ends of the tunnel-shaped ecological bin are connected by the movable connecting pieces, the movable connecting pieces are divided into a first movable connecting piece and a second movable connecting piece, the first movable connecting piece is used for drawing one end of a cylinder membrane piece of the tunnel-shaped ecological bin and conveying humidified air into the cylinder membrane piece through the first movable connecting piece, so that humidification and oxygen supplementation are realized for the closed tunnel-shaped ecological bin, and humidity and oxygen required for growth of fungus blocks or fungus sticks in the ecological bin are kept; the second loose joint piece is used for gathering the other end of the tube membrane piece, and air in the tube membrane piece can be properly discharged outwards through the second loose joint piece, so that the air pressure in the tunnel-shaped ecological bin is kept in a proper range.

3. One end of the tube membrane piece is connected with the second loose joint piece, and when the second loose joint piece is disassembled, the end is used for conveying culture medium, fungus blocks or fungus sticks into or out of the ecological bin; when picking up the fruit body, the fruit body is transported out from the end; after picking the sporocarp, the culture medium can be transported out, and a new culture medium is replaced for the next batch of edible fungus culture.

4. A hygrothermograph is arranged in the tunnel-shaped ecological bin, so that cultivation personnel can check the humidity and the temperature in the ecological bin in time.

5. The invention is an effective pest control method, belongs to a physical mechanical control method, and the required device is common equipment, so that the purchase cost is not high, the energy consumption is low, and the pest control economic principle is met.

6. The invention does not use pesticides, and meets the requirement of environmental protection; the invention has simple operation and is easy to be accepted by practitioners.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device used in the method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi cultivated in a closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a closed tunnel-shaped ecological warehouse of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a loose joint member according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first loose joint connecting an air supply pipe according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second loose joint having a strainer at one end thereof according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the arched supporting frame of the present invention;

names and serial numbers of the components in the figure:

1-an air compressor, 2-an air outlet pipe, 3-a gas tank short-joint pipe, 4-a first discharge valve, 5-a gas tank, 6-a pressure gauge, 7-an air supply pipe, 8-an air regulating valve, 9-a water storage tank short-joint pipe, 10-a second discharge valve, 11-bubbles, 12-a water storage tank, 13-a tap water pipe, 14-a water valve, 15-a liquid level meter, 16-a gas supply pipe and 17-a gas supply valve;

18-loose joint, 181-first loose joint, 182-second loose joint, 1801-vent pipe, 1802-bulge, 1803-thread, 1804-pipe head, 1805-gasket, 1806-loose sleeve, 18061-limit ring, 1807-snap ring, 1808-receiving cylinder, 1809-filter screen;

19-a first bobbin film end, 20-an arched support frame, 201-a square tube, 202-a pipe sleeve, 203-a screw, 204-a support rod and 205-an arched rod;

21-supporting bottom plate, 22-cartridge membrane piece, 23-hygrothermograph and 24-second cartridge membrane end.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions in the present application better understood, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms by cultivating edible and medicinal fungi in a closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse comprises the following steps:

(1) establishing an ecological bin body, and placing a supporting bottom plate in a film tube piece, wherein the supporting bottom plate flatly presses one surface of the film tube piece corresponding to the supporting bottom plate on the ground; then a plurality of arch-shaped support frames are arranged at the top of the support bottom plate at intervals; the arched supporting frames prop open the cylindrical membrane piece to form a tunnel-shaped ecological bin body with a flat bottom and an arched upper part;

(2) filling a culture medium and inoculating, laying the sterilized culture medium on the supporting bottom plate, and inoculating on the culture medium;

(3) mounting a movable connecting piece, wherein two ports of the cylinder membrane piece are collected in the movable connecting piece, the movable connecting piece is divided into a first movable connecting piece and a second movable connecting piece, one port of the cylinder membrane piece is collected in the first movable connecting piece, and the other port of the cylinder membrane piece is collected in the second movable connecting piece;

(4) establishing an oxygen supply system, installing a gas tank, supplying gas into the gas tank through an air compressor, and storing compressed air in the gas tank;

(5) establishing a humidifying system, installing a water storage tank, storing water in the water storage tank, connecting the bottom of the water storage tank with a gas tank, allowing compressed air to enter from the bottom of the water storage tank, generating impact on water in the water storage tank, generating a large amount of bubbles in the water storage tank, and humidifying the air;

(6) the top of the water storage tank is connected with a first movable connecting piece, and humidified air is supplied to the tunnel type ecological bin through the first movable connecting piece; the second movable connecting piece is properly exhausted outwards.

When edible and medicinal fungi are cultivated in the tunnel type ecological storehouse until the edible and medicinal fungi can be collected, the second movable connecting piece 182 is opened, the second cylinder membrane end 24 is opened, and the edible and medicinal fungi are collected; and then the culture medium is transported out, a new culture medium is replaced, and the next batch of edible and medicinal fungi is cultivated.

As shown in fig. 1, a first cylindrical film end 19 and a second cylindrical film end 24 are formed at two ends of the tunnel-type ecological bin, and a port of the first cylindrical film end 19 is connected with a first movable connecting piece 181; the port of the second cartridge membrane end 24 is connected to a second living hinge 182.

Compressed air in the water storage tank 12 enters the cylinder membrane part 22 through the first movable connecting part 181, and gas in the cylinder membrane part 22 can be discharged outwards through the second movable connecting part 182, so that flowing gas is formed in the cylinder membrane part 22, and waste gas generated in the growth and development process of the fungus blocks or fungus sticks is discharged outwards through the second movable connecting part 182 through gas flowing.

The bottom of the water storage tank 12 is provided with a short-section water storage tank pipe 9 and a second discharge valve 10, the top of the gas tank 5 is connected with the short-section water storage tank pipe 9, the second discharge valve 10 is arranged at the outlet of the short-section water storage tank pipe 9, and when water in the water storage tank 12 needs to be discharged outwards, the second discharge valve 10 is opened to realize water discharge.

The bottom of the gas tank 5 is provided with a gas tank stub pipe 3 and a first discharge valve 4, and the first discharge valve 4 is installed at the outlet of the gas tank stub pipe 3. The air compressor 1 is connected with the air tank short-length pipe 3 and supplies air to the air tank 5 through the air tank short-length pipe 3.

The distance between the end face of the support bottom plate 21 and the end face of the corresponding first film end 19 is 2-2.5 m.

The other end face of the support bottom plate 21 is 2-2.5 m away from the end face of the corresponding first cylindrical film end 24.

The support base plate may be a plastic plate, such as a PP, PE or PPC plate.

The film member is transparent film, and can be plastic film, or transparent plastic film. Not only can transmit light, but also can be convenient for looking over the growth condition of the fungus blocks or the fungus sticks from the outside of the tunnel type ecological bin. If the barrel membrane piece adopts a non-dropping membrane, the non-dropping membrane can better place water vapor to be condensed on the membrane surface, and operators can observe the growth condition of the fungus blocks in the ecological bin from the outside of the ecological bin more conveniently.

The distance between every two adjacent arched support frames is 1-2 m. The number of the arch-shaped support frames is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20, etc. The arched support frame is made of stainless steel.

Example 2:

compared with example 1, the difference is that: in order to facilitate the monitoring of the humidity and the temperature in the tunnel type ecological warehouse, a hygrothermograph 23 is additionally arranged.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the thermo-hygrometer 23 is installed in the tunnel type ecological warehouse. The humidity and temperature monitoring device is used for monitoring the humidity and temperature in the tunnel type ecological bin, and is convenient for knowing the humidity and temperature conditions in the tunnel type ecological bin, so that a cultivation worker can conveniently judge whether the humidity and temperature in the tunnel type ecological bin need to be artificially regulated and controlled.

Example 3:

compared with example 1 or 2, the difference is that: one form of construction of the hinge is given.

As shown in fig. 3, the movable joint comprises a snorkel 1801, a tube head 1804, a gasket 1805, a movable sleeve 1806 and a receiving tube 1808; a pipe head 1804 is arranged at one end of the vent pipe 1801; the movable sleeve 1806 is sleeved on the storage barrel 1808; wherein, the snorkel 1801 is inserted into the receiving tube 1808, and the tube head 1804 is movably connected with the movable sleeve 1806; the tube head 1804 is connected with the receiving tube 1808 through a gasket 1805 in a pressing mode.

Tube head 1804 and active sleeve 1806 swing joint can make loose joint piece realize split and concatenation to be convenient for draw in the port of section of thick bamboo membrane piece in the containing cylinder, can be sealed with external isolated to the terminal surface of section of thick bamboo membrane piece.

The connecting part of the tube head 1804 and the containing tube 1808 is provided with a gasket 1805, the connecting part is sealed by extruding the gasket 1805 between the tube head 1804 and the containing tube 1808, and gas is prevented from leaking outwards from the connecting part.

The tube head 1804 is provided with an axial through hole, and the vent tube 1801 is connected with the axial through hole. The connection mode of the end of the film cartridge 22 and the movable connecting piece is as follows: the port of the film member 22 is folded, and extends into the storage barrel 1808 from one end of the axial through hole on the tube head 1804, and the flange is sleeved on the vent pipe 1801, the film member is extruded on the inner side surface of the storage barrel through the vent pipe 1801, so that the film member is extruded and fixed, and meanwhile, a vent channel is formed in the axial through hole and the vent pipe.

The receiving cylinder of the first movable connector 181 is connected with the gas supply pipe 16; one end of the storage cylinder of the second movable connecting piece 182 is provided with a filter screen. The gas in the first movable joint 181 is moving: the air supply pipe 16 sends compressed air to the containing cylinder 1808, and the compressed air enters the ventilation channel of the cylinder membrane piece at the ventilation pipe and the axial through hole from the containing cylinder 1808 again, and then enters the tunnel type ecological bin through the ventilation channel, so that oxygen can be supplemented into the tunnel type ecological bin, and the compressed air realizes the humidification effect through the water storage tank, therefore, the humidity in the tunnel type ecological bin can be increased when the compressed air is introduced into the tunnel type ecological bin.

Example 4:

compared with example 3, the difference is that: a limit ring 18061 and a snap ring 1807 are additionally arranged.

As shown in fig. 3, the snap ring 1807 is disposed at one end of the storage cylinder 1808; the limit ring 18061 is arranged at one end in the movable sleeve 1806; the limiting ring 18061 is correspondingly connected with the clamping ring 1807 in a clamping manner.

Mounting relationship among the tube head 1804, the snorkel 1801 and the receiving tube 1808: the tube head 1804 drives the breather pipe 1801, inserts into the containing cylinder 1808 from the snap ring 1807, and the movable sleeve 1806 moves to the tube head 1804 along the containing cylinder 1808 to with the tube head 1804 fastening connection, spacing ring 18061 on the movable sleeve 1806 block in the snap ring 1807, spacing snap ring 18061 extrusion promotes the snap ring 1807, the snap ring 1807 extrusion gasket 1805 is at the tube head 1804, thereby the tube head 1804 is connected with the containing cylinder 1808 through the movable sleeve 1806.

Example 5:

the difference compared to example 3 or 4 is that: a projection 1802 is additionally installed.

As shown in fig. 3, the snorkel 1801 is provided with at least two protrusions 1802. Can be convenient for assist in drawing in the both ends of a section of thick bamboo membrane spare, can extrude a section of thick bamboo membrane spare in the medial surface of storage cylinder through the arch, realize the port of fixed seal section of thick bamboo membrane spare.

Example 6:

compared with example 5, the difference is that: an active connection structure form of the tube head 1804 and the active sleeve 1806 is provided. A thread 1803 is added.

As shown in fig. 3, the cartridge 1804 is provided with threads 1803. The tube head 1804 and the movable sleeve 1806 are in threaded connection through threads 1803, so that the tube head and the movable sleeve are movably connected, and splitting and splicing can be achieved.

Example 7:

compared with any of examples 1 to 6, the difference is that: one form of construction of the arcuate support bracket 20 is shown.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the arched support frame comprises a square pipe 201, a pipe sleeve 202, a support rod 204 and an arched rod 205; the pipe sleeve 202 is arranged on the square pipe 201; one end of the support rod 204 is inserted into the pipe sleeve 202; the bow bar 205 is connected to the other end of the support bar 204.

Example 8:

compared with example 7, the difference is that: in order to strengthen the fixing support rod, a screw 203 is additionally arranged.

As shown in fig. 6, the pipe sleeve 202 is provided with a through hole; the screw 203 is in threaded connection with the through hole; wherein the screw 203 is screwed into the through hole and presses the support rod 204 in the fixing tube sleeve 202.

Example 9:

compared with any one of embodiments 1 to 8, the difference is that: a connection between a gas tank and a reservoir is provided. Namely, an air supply pipe 7 and a gas regulating valve 8 are added.

As shown in fig. 1, the air regulating valve 8 is mounted on the air supply pipe 7; one end of the air pipe 7 is connected with the top of the air tank 5, and the other end is connected with the water storage tank 12.

The air regulating valve 8 regulates the air flow introduced into the water storage tank to regulate and control the space humidity and the oxygen introduction amount in the cylinder film tunnel so as to meet the requirements on humidity and oxygen in the fruiting management process of fungus blocks or fungus sticks in the plastic cylinder film.

One way of connecting the reservoir 12 to the first movable connector 181 is: the reservoir 12 and the first movable joint 181 are connected by an air supply pipe 16. The feed pipe 16 may also be fitted with a feed valve 17.

Example 10:

compared with any of examples 1 to 9, the difference is that: the pressure gauge 6 and the liquid level meter 15 are additionally installed.

As shown in fig. 1, the pressure gauge 6 is installed in the gas tank 5 for displaying the gas pressure in the gas tank 5; the liquid level meter 15 is installed in the water storage tank 12 and used for displaying the water level in the water storage tank 12.

The application example is as follows:

the tunnel type ecological bin B has the advantages that the planting shed A adopted in the existing cultivation has the same area as the tunnel type ecological bin B, the same amount of cultivation medium and the same amount of strains are respectively put in the tunnel type ecological bin B and the planting shed A, the strains are the same, the existing cultivation method is adopted in the planting shed, and the cultivation method is adopted in the tunnel type ecological bin. After the cultivation, the two are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 comparison of the cultivation effect of the tunnel type ecological storehouse and the planting shed of the present invention

Remarking: A. the B devices each contained 320.0kg of dry material.

As can be seen from Table 1, the present invention is superior to the prior art: the water consumption of the planting shed is far higher than that of the tunnel type ecological bin; harmful bacteria or pests are easily mixed in the planting shed A, the growth of hyphae and fruiting bodies is influenced, and the tunnel type ecological bin can prevent the invasion of the harmful bacteria and the pests and prevent diseases and pests; the biological conversion rate in the tunnel type ecological storehouse reaches 100 percent and is higher than 78 percent of that in the planting shed A; the fruiting time of the invention is obviously earlier than that of the planting shed; the fruiting body obtained by the invention is uniform, large, beautiful, pure in color and strong in fragrance; the yield of the invention is 70.4kg higher than that of the planting shed A, and the economic benefit is better.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in a closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) establishing an ecological cabin body, arranging a support bottom plate in the film tube piece, and flatly pressing one surface of the film tube piece corresponding to the support bottom plate on the ground by the support bottom plate; then a plurality of arch-shaped support frames are arranged above the support bottom plate at intervals; the arched supporting frames prop open the cylindrical membrane piece to form a tunnel-shaped ecological bin body with a flat bottom and an arched upper part;

(2) placing a culture medium and inoculating, laying the sterilized culture medium on a supporting bottom plate, and inoculating on the culture medium;

(3) mounting a movable connecting piece, wherein two ends of the barrel membrane piece are furled in the movable connecting piece, the movable connecting piece is divided into a first movable connecting piece and a second movable connecting piece, one end of the barrel membrane piece is furled in the first movable connecting piece, and the other end of the barrel membrane piece is furled in the second movable connecting piece, so that a closed tunnel-shaped ecological bin is formed;

(4) establishing an oxygen supply system, installing a gas tank, supplying gas into the gas tank through an air compressor, and storing compressed air in the gas tank;

(5) establishing a humidifying system, installing a water storage tank, storing water in the water storage tank, connecting the bottom of the water storage tank with a gas tank, and humidifying air by compressed air entering from the bottom of the water storage tank;

(6) the top of the water storage tank is connected with the first movable connecting piece, and the humidified air is supplied to the tunnel-shaped ecological bin through the first movable connecting piece; the second movable connecting piece is properly exhausted outwards.

2. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: also comprises a hygrothermograph;

the hygrothermograph is arranged in the tunnel type ecological bin.

3. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the movable connector comprises a vent pipe (1801), a pipe head (1804), a gasket (1805), a movable sleeve (1806) and a storage barrel (1808);

one end of the vent pipe (1801) is provided with a pipe head (1804);

the movable sleeve (1806) is sleeved on the containing cylinder (1808);

wherein, the vent pipe (1801) is inserted into the receiving cylinder (1808), and the pipe head (1804) is movably connected with the movable sleeve (1806);

the pipe head (1804) is connected with the storage barrel (1808) in an extrusion mode through a gasket (1805).

4. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the device also comprises a limit ring (18061) and a clamping ring (1807);

the clamping ring (1807) is arranged at one end of the containing cylinder (1808);

the limiting ring (18061) is arranged at one end in the movable sleeve (1806);

the limiting ring (18061) is correspondingly clamped and connected with the clamping ring (1807).

5. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: further comprising a protrusion (1802);

the vent pipe (1801) is provided with at least two protrusions (1802).

6. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

the storage cylinder of the first movable connector is connected with the air supply pipe;

and a filter screen is arranged at one end of the storage barrel of the second movable connecting piece.

7. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the arched support frame comprises a square tube (201), a tube sleeve (202), a support rod (204) and an arched rod (205);

the pipe sleeve (202) is mounted on the square pipe (201);

one end of the supporting rod (204) is inserted into the pipe sleeve (202);

the bow-shaped rod (205) is connected with the other end of the support rod (204).

8. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: further comprising a screw (203);

the pipe sleeve (202) is provided with a through hole;

the screw (203) is in threaded connection with the through hole;

wherein the screw (203) is screwed into the through hole and presses the support rod (204) in the fixing pipe sleeve (202).

9. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: also comprises an air supply pipe (7) and an air regulating valve (8);

the air regulating valve (8) is arranged on the air supply pipe (7);

one end of the air pipe (7) is connected with the top of the air tank (5), and the other end of the air pipe is connected with the bottom of the water storage tank (12).

10. The method for preventing and controlling harmful organisms in edible and medicinal fungi in the closed tunnel-shaped ecological storehouse according to claim 9, which is characterized in that: the device also comprises a pressure gauge (6) and a liquid level meter (15);

the pressure gauge (6) is arranged on the gas tank (5) and is used for displaying the gas pressure in the gas tank (5);

the liquid level meter (15) is arranged on the water storage tank (12) and used for displaying the water level in the water storage tank (12).

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