CN113508675A - White radish pulling type combined harvesting viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel and harvester - Google Patents
White radish pulling type combined harvesting viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel and harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN113508675A CN113508675A CN202110814697.6A CN202110814697A CN113508675A CN 113508675 A CN113508675 A CN 113508675A CN 202110814697 A CN202110814697 A CN 202110814697A CN 113508675 A CN113508675 A CN 113508675A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
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Abstract
The invention provides a viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for white radish pull-out type combined harvesting and a harvester, comprising a shovel handle, a shovel blade and a shovel tip; the shovel point is located the end of shovel handle, and the shovel sword is located the front portion of shovel handle, and the inclined plane of shovel sword and the upper surface of shovel point all are equipped with bionical spherical crown convex closure subassembly A, and shovel handle both sides face is equipped with bionical corrugate convex closure subassembly B. The simulated dung beetle body surface non-smooth structure of the bionic spherical crown convex hull assembly A, the simulated earthworm body surface structure of the bionic corrugated convex hull assembly B effectively reduces the adhesion of soil to a shovel surface and the soil disturbance performance by adopting a bionic surface structure, and reduces the pulling force of white radish, the leaking rate and the damage rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanized harvesting of radishes, and relates to a viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for white radish pull-out type combined harvesting and a harvester.
Background
The white radish belongs to root vegetables and has the characteristics of short growth cycle, strong cultivation adaptability and high yield per unit. The length of the mature white radish can reach 25-40cm and the weight of the mature white radish can reach 0.5-1 kg. White radish planting is mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Shandong, Jiangsu and the like in China, soil particle composition in different areas is different, under the environment of sandy soil and sandy loam, a break shovel is not needed, and only the power consumption of the whole machine can be increased by increasing the break shovel on foot; under the clay environment, because the bonding power is great between white turnip and the soil granule, for avoiding pulling out, increase break shovel and can loosen near the soil of turnip root, the fixture of being convenient for extracts the turnip from soil smoothly.
The pulling type combined harvesting is the most efficient white radish harvesting mode, loosens the soil at the bottom of the white radish growth through a scarifier, realizes the separation of fruit and soil, clamps stem leaves through a clamping device, extracts the white radish from the soil, and finishes the combined operation of cherry cutting, terminal collection and the like through clamping and conveying. The loosening of the soil is an important link influencing the mechanized harvesting operation performance of the white radishes. The white radish has large size, large depth of soil penetration and large cohesive force with soil particles, and if the white radish is directly pulled out without soil loosening operation, stem leaves and fruits of the white radish are easy to break, so that the pulling-out rate and the damage rate of the white radish are increased. Soil near the roots of the radishes can be loosened through soil loosening operation, fruit and soil separation is achieved, and the pulling force of the radishes is effectively reduced. The ripper blade is a main part for completing ripping operation.
At present, the break shovel to white turnip results operation is few, and the less turnip results of types such as carrot, green turnip generally adopt the break shovel of chisel shape, arrow-shaped structure, because its depth of penetrating into the earth is lighter, working resistance is less, has generally adopted smooth surface structure, its advantage is simple structure, but not good to the disturbance effect of soil, is difficult to satisfy the huge white turnip results operation demand of size.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of large scarification resistance and poor disturbance performance in the combined harvesting process of the white radishes, the invention provides the viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel and the harvester for the white radish pull-out type combined harvesting.
Therefore, the invention provides a white radish break shovel capable of reducing viscosity and resistance, which comprises a shovel handle, a shovel blade and a shovel tip fixed at the tail end of the shovel handle, wherein both the inclined surface of the shovel blade and the upper surface of the shovel tip are provided with a bionic spherical crown convex hull assembly A, and the bionic spherical crown convex hull assembly A simulates a dung beetle body surface non-smooth structure; both sides of the front end surface of the shovel blade are inclined planes, a bionic spherical crown convex hull component A is arranged on each inclined plane, and the cross section of each convex hull is spherical; the surface of the shovel point is also provided with a bionic spherical crown convex hull component A which is distributed on the surface of the shovel point at unequal intervals, and the top of the bulge is spherical; the shovel tip structure adopts narrow double-wing shape, and the width is smaller than that of the traditional double-wing shape. The bionic corrugated convex hull component B with the resistance reducing structure is arranged on two side faces of the shovel handle, the bionic earthworm body surface of the bionic corrugated convex hull component B is of a corrugated convex hull structure, the corrugated convex hulls are all parallel to the horizontal plane, and the tops of the convex hulls are arc-shaped.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for white radish pull-type combined harvest comprises a shovel handle, a shovel blade and a shovel tip; the shovel point is located the end of shovel handle, and the shovel sword is located the front portion of shovel handle, and the inclined plane of shovel sword and the upper surface of shovel point all are equipped with bionical spherical crown convex closure subassembly A, and shovel handle both sides face is equipped with bionical corrugate convex closure subassembly B.
In the scheme, the bionic spherical crown convex hull component A simulates a dung beetle body surface non-smooth structure.
Furthermore, bionical spherical crown convex closure subassembly A includes a plurality of convex closures that are protruding spherical crown structure, the inclined plane of shovel sword and the convex closure non-equidistant distribution of the upper surface of shovel point.
In the scheme, the bionic corrugated convex hull component B simulates an earthworm body surface structure.
Furthermore, the bionic corrugated convex hull component B comprises a plurality of corrugated convex hulls which are arranged in parallel, and all the corrugated convex hulls are parallel to the horizontal plane.
In the above scheme, the shoveling blade comprises a straight line section shoveling blade and a curved line section shoveling blade; the straight line section shovel edge is positioned at the upper part of the curved line section shovel edge.
In the scheme, the shovel tip adopts a narrow double-wing shape, the width L4 of the shovel tip is less than 150mm, the included angle between the installation plane of the shovel tip and the ground is alpha, and the alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 10 degrees.
In the above scheme, the spherical crown radius of the convex spherical crown structure is 2 mm-4 mm, the spherical crown height is 2 mm-4 mm, the distance between two adjacent convex spherical crown structures is 5 mm-7 mm, and the spherical center angle theta of the convex spherical crown structure is 30-60 deg.
In the scheme, the length of the corrugated convex hull is 20-40 mm, and the height of the corrugated convex hull is 1-3 mm.
A harvester comprises the viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for the pull-type combined harvesting of the white radishes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention combines the scarifier structure, the dung beetle body surface non-smooth characteristic and the earthworm ripple body surface characteristic, and provides the special scarifier for combined harvesting of white radish with the functions of viscosity reduction and resistance reduction, wherein the left side and the right side of the shovel handle of the scarifier are provided with ripple-shaped convex structures; the shovel point adopts a narrow double-wing structure, and a bionic convex spherical crown structure is processed on the shovel point and the shovel blade, so that soil particles on the surface of the shovel blade are changed into a sliding and rolling compound motion state from sliding, the actual contact area of the soil and the shovel blade is reduced, and the resistance of the soil to the shovel blade is reduced; soil particles continuously roll and oscillate on the surfaces of the soil-contacting shovel tips and the shovel blades, smaller soil blocks are continuously cracked into smaller small soil blocks, and the soil disturbance quality is remarkably improved, so that the pulling force and the machine power consumption of the white radishes are reduced, the cleanliness of the white radishes after the soil is pulled out is improved, and the leaking and damage rate is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a ripper blade according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a ripper blade of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a blade tip according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of e-e of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of r-r of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a ripper blade apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the shovel comprises a shovel handle 1, a blind hole 2, a shovel blade 3, a shovel tip 4, a shovel handle base body 5, a bionic spherical crown convex hull component A and a bionic corrugated convex hull component B.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example 1
Fig. 1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment of the viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for white radish pull-out type combined harvest, which comprises a shovel handle 1, a shovel blade 3 and a shovel tip 4; the shovel point 4 is located the end of shovel handle 1, and shovel sword 3 is located the front portion of shovel handle 1, and the inclined plane of shovel sword 3 and the upper surface of shovel point 4 all are equipped with bionical spherical crown convex closure subassembly A, and 1 both sides face of shovel handle is equipped with bionical corrugate convex closure subassembly B.
A simulated dung beetle body surface non-smooth structure of the bionic spherical crown convex hull assembly A is provided. Bionic spherical crown convex hull subassembly A includes a plurality of convex hulls that are protruding spherical crown structure, the non-equidistant distribution of convex hull on the inclined plane of shovel sword 3 and the upper surface of shovel point 4, the non-equidistant bionic spherical crown convex hull that distributes is favorable to increasing the disturbance of white turnip root soil, accelerating the soil breakage, reduces the bonding to reduce the resistance, improve fruit soil separation performance. The bionic corrugated convex hull component B simulates the earthworm body surface structure. The bionic corrugated convex hull component B comprises a plurality of corrugated convex hulls, the corrugated convex hulls are arranged in parallel, and all the corrugated convex hulls are parallel to the horizontal plane.
According to the combined harvesting special break shovel for the white radishes, the requirements of white radishes on the loosening operation are combined, the problem that the pulling rate and the damage rate are high in the harvesting process due to the fact that the loosening resistance is large and the disturbance performance is poor is solved, the structure of the break shovel is combined with the non-smooth surface characteristic of the dung beetle and the corrugated surface characteristic of the earthworms, and the special break shovel with the functions of viscosity reduction and resistance reduction for the combined harvesting of the white radishes is provided. Imitative dung beetle body surface non-smooth structure of bionical spherical crown convex hull subassembly A, dung beetle comes in and goes out in the great excrement and urine of viscidity and earth, the health is adhesion excrement and urine and earth not, because the body surface all presents the geometric shape of different forms non-smooth form, the constitutional unit of the certain geometric shape of characterized by regularly or distributes in some positions of body surface at random, geometric shape non-smooth form can effectively reduce with the area of contact of soil, because imitative dung beetle body surface non-smooth structure of bionical spherical crown convex hull subassembly A, including a plurality of convex hulls that are protruding spherical crown structure, can effectively reduce with the area of contact of soil to have the effect of taking off soil drag reduction. The bionic corrugated convex hull component B simulates an earthworm body surface structure, the moving mode of earthworms is peristaltic contraction, the body of the bionic corrugated convex hull component B presents corrugated peristaltic advancing, the corrugated structure is in contact with soil particles, air is easily left at the bottom of the corrugation because the bionic corrugated convex hull component B simulates the corrugated body surface of the earthworms, two sides of the shovel handle cannot be continuously in contact with the soil, an air cushion effect is formed between two sides of the shovel handle and the soil, the friction coefficient between the soil and two side faces of the shovel handle is reduced, and the soil removing capacity of the shovel handle is enhanced.
According to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the blade 1 has a width L1Is 60mm, the thickness of the shovel handle is 1L2Is 30mm, the upper end of the shovel shaft 1 is high H1Is 180 mm. A plurality of blind holes 2 are arranged above the center line of the shovel handle 1, the aperture phi is 10mm, the distance between the hole centers of the blind holes 2 and the left side of the shovel handle 1 is 30mm, the distance between the hole centers of the blind holes 2 and the top surface is 20mm, and the hole distance between the two blind holes 2 is 30 mm. The shovel shaft 1 is arranged on a frame of the harvester through the blind holes 2, the adjustment of the penetration depth of the shovel tip 4 can be realized by selecting different blind holes 2, and the optimal adjustment range is 0-90 mm. As shown in fig. 1, the cutting edge 3 includes a straight cutting edge UI and a curved cutting edge IO; the straight line section shovel edge UI is located on the upper portion of the curved line section shovel edge IO. Projection height H of straight line section shovel edge UI in horizontal direction2Is 200mm, and the projection height H of the curve section shovel edge IO in the horizontal direction3Is 260mm, and the vertical width L of the shovel edge 3330mm, the two sides are inclined planes, and the 3 included angles of the shovel blades are 30-45 DEG
According to the present embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the shovel tip 4 is in the shape of a narrow double wing, the width L4 of the shovel tip is less than 150mm, the included angle between the installation plane of the shovel tip 4 and the ground, i.e. the soil entry angle, is α, and α is greater than or equal to 5 ° and less than or equal to 10 °. The width of the shovel point of the traditional double-wing-shaped shovel is more than 150mm, the shovel point of the narrow double-wing-shaped shovel is adopted, the soil cutting capacity is strong, the lifting feeding effect is good, and the working resistance is smaller than that of the shovel point of the traditional double-wing-shaped shovel. If the soil entry angle is less than 5 degrees, the soil entry performance and the capability of extruding and crushing soil are poor, so that the soil disturbance effect is poor, but the resistance is small; if the soil-entering angle alpha exceeds 10 degrees, the soil-entering performance is good, but the soil lifting amount is too high, even the soil is turned over, the resistance is large, and the hilling before shoveling is easily caused. Within the range of alpha being more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 10 degrees, the resistance is small while the good soil-entering performance and soil-entering disturbance effect can be ensured, and the soil is not hilled before shoveling.
According to the embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the spherical crown radius SR of the convex spherical crown structure is 2mm to 4mm, the spherical crown height h is 2mm to 4mm, and two adjacent bionic convex spherical crownsThe distance b between the structures is 5-7 mm, and the spherical center angle theta of the bionic convex spherical crown structure is 30-60 degrees. As shown in fig. 5, the corrugated convex hull length L520 mm-40 mm, maximum height H4Is 3mm, minimum height H5Is 1mm and has a width L6Is 10 mm.
As shown in fig. 6, the invention relates to a viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for white radish pull-type combined harvesting, which is mainly used for a soil loosening device of a pull-type white radish combined harvester to loosen soil near the roots of white radishes and facilitate a clamping mechanism to smoothly pull the radishes out of the soil. The invention mainly comprises a shovel handle 1, a shovel blade 3 and a shovel tip 4, wherein two side surfaces of the shovel handle 1 are provided with anti-drag structures which are corrugated and convex and imitate earthworm corrugated body surfaces, the corrugated bulges are parallel to a horizontal plane, and the tops of the bulges are arc-shaped; the front part of the shovel handle 1 is provided with a wedge-shaped shovel blade 3, the bottom of the shovel handle 1 is provided with a shovel tip 4 with a narrow double-wing-shaped structure, the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped shovel blade 3 and the shovel tip 4 with the double-wing-shaped structure both adopt a non-smooth shape imitating the dung beetle body surface, namely a bionic spherical crown and convex hull resistance reduction structure distributed at unequal intervals is processed, and the cross section of each convex hull is spherical; the designed break shovel can effectively reduce the adhesion of soil to a shovel surface, increase the soil disturbance performance, reduce the resistance of the soil to the break shovel during the combined harvesting of white radishes, reduce the power consumption, reduce the pulling force of the white radishes in the subsequent operation links, and reduce the rate of missing pulling and the damage rate.
Example 2
A harvester comprises the viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for the white radish pull-out type combined harvest described in embodiment 1, and has the beneficial effects described in embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here.
It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for white radish pull-type combined harvest is characterized by comprising a shovel handle (1), a shovel blade (3) and a shovel tip (4); the shovel point (4) is located the end of shovel handle (1), and shovel sword (3) are located the front portion of shovel handle (1), and the inclined plane of shovel sword (3) and the upper surface of shovel point (4) all are equipped with bionical spherical crown convex closure subassembly A, and shovel handle (1) both sides face is equipped with bionical corrugate convex closure subassembly B.
2. The white radish pull-out type combined harvest anti-sticking and resistance-reducing break shovel according to claim 1, wherein the bionic spherical crown convex hull assembly A simulates a dung beetle body surface non-smooth structure.
3. The viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for the white radish pull-type combined harvest as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the bionic spherical crown convex hull component a comprises a plurality of convex hulls in a convex spherical crown structure, and the inclined surfaces of the shovel blades (3) and the convex hulls on the upper surface of the shovel tip (4) are distributed at unequal intervals.
4. The white radish pull-type combined harvest viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bionic corrugated convex hull component B simulates the body surface structure of earthworms.
5. The white radish pull-type combined harvest viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel according to claim 4, wherein the bionic corrugated convex hull component B comprises a plurality of corrugated convex hulls, and the corrugated convex hulls are arranged in parallel.
6. The white radish pull-type combined harvest viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel according to claim 1, characterized in that the shovel edge (3) comprises a straight line section shovel edge and a curved line section shovel edge; the straight line section shovel edge is positioned at the upper part of the curved line section shovel edge.
7. The viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for the white radish pull-type combined harvest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the shovel tip (4) adopts a narrow double wing shape, the width L4 of the shovel tip is less than 150mm, the included angle between the installation plane of the shovel tip (4) and the ground is alpha, and alpha is greater than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 10 degrees.
8. The viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for the white radish pull-out type combined harvest as claimed in claim 3, wherein the radius of the spherical crown of the convex spherical crown structure is 2 mm-4 mm, the height of the spherical crown is 2 mm-4 mm, the distance between two adjacent convex spherical crown structures is 5 mm-7 mm, and the spherical center angle θ of the convex spherical crown structures is 30-60 °.
9. The viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for the white radish pull-out type combined harvest as claimed in claim 5, wherein the corrugated convex hull is 20-40 mm long and 1-3 mm high.
10. A harvester, characterized in that, comprises the viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel for the white radish pull-out type combined harvest as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110814697.6A CN113508675A (en) | 2021-07-19 | 2021-07-19 | White radish pulling type combined harvesting viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel and harvester |
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| CN202110814697.6A CN113508675A (en) | 2021-07-19 | 2021-07-19 | White radish pulling type combined harvesting viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing break shovel and harvester |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115399306A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-29 | 吉林大学 | Bionic unicorn paddy field interline weeding wheel |
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