CN113506557A - Noise overrun sound source determination method, air conditioner, vehicle, noise control method and device - Google Patents

Noise overrun sound source determination method, air conditioner, vehicle, noise control method and device Download PDF

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CN113506557A
CN113506557A CN202110690077.6A CN202110690077A CN113506557A CN 113506557 A CN113506557 A CN 113506557A CN 202110690077 A CN202110690077 A CN 202110690077A CN 113506557 A CN113506557 A CN 113506557A
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noise
overrun
sound source
frequency
sound
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张�杰
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Shandong Longertek Technology Co Ltd
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Shandong Longertek Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1283—Trains, trams or the like

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The invention firstly provides a method for determining a noise overrun sound source, which comprises the steps of collecting noises through a sound collecting device, comparing one or more collected noises with standard noises respectively, determining overrun noises, carrying out octave analysis on the overrun noises, and determining the overrun sound source in an obtained noise frequency band. The invention further provides an air conditioner, a vehicle, a noise control method and a noise reduction device. According to the noise overrun determining method, the air conditioner, the vehicle noise control method and the noise reduction device, octave analysis is carried out on overrun noise, the overrun sound source and the overrun sound source frequency are determined, purposeful intelligent noise reduction is carried out on the overrun sound source, and the noise quality after noise reduction is improved.

Description

Noise overrun sound source determination method, air conditioner, vehicle, noise control method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air-conditioning products, in particular to a noise overrun sound source determining method, an air conditioner, a vehicle, a noise control method and a noise control device.
Background
The variable frequency air conditioner adjusts the output cold quantity by automatically adjusting the running frequency of a compressor, the rotating speed of a fan and other methods according to the load change such as the indoor set temperature target, the passenger capacity and the like, so that the temperature in the passenger room is kept in a set temperature range, when the indoor temperature reaches a desired value, the air conditioner compressor keeps running at a certain rotating speed, and the fan adjusts the air quantity and the air speed by adjusting the rotating speed (namely the rotating speed of rotor parts such as the fan, the compressor and the like is changed), so that the noise value and the sound frequency spectrum emitted by the air conditioner per se are changed; cabin noise also varies due to the complex environmental effects of the vehicle travel route.
The active noise reduction measure for the rail vehicle system is generally integrated inside a vehicle air duct or a carriage at present, an acoustic sensor and a noise generator of the active noise reduction system are limited by mounting positions and quantity, the noise states of all rotor components inside a complete machine and a unit of the variable-frequency air conditioner can not be monitored in real time, the influence of running noise of the air conditioner and environmental noise on the inside of the carriage can not be reduced simultaneously, and the riding comfort of the vehicle is influenced. When the intelligent noise reduction is carried out, the whole noise reduction treatment is usually carried out on the noise exceeding the standard value, although the noise is reduced, the noise value is only reduced on the whole because the overrun reason of the noise and the noise is not analyzed, and the sound quality of the noise cannot be effectively improved. In the existing intelligent noise reduction, no method for determining the noise overrun exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems and the defects, and firstly provides a method for determining the noise overrun sound source, which can analyze the overrun noise to determine the noise overrun sound source, and can perform targeted noise reduction on the overrun sound source in the intelligent noise reduction process to improve the noise reduction effect and the noise quality after noise reduction.
The invention also aims to provide an air conditioner, which adopts the method for determining the noise overrun sound source to intelligently reduce noise and improve the sound quality of noise after noise reduction.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle equipped with the air conditioning unit, which reduces air conditioning operation noise in the vehicle.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a noise control method for controlling the overall noise in a vehicle.
The fifth invention aims to provide a noise reduction device which can realize intelligent noise reduction in a targeted manner.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention firstly provides a method for determining a noise overrun sound source, which comprises the following technical scheme:
the method for determining the noise overrun sound source comprises the steps of collecting noise through a sound collecting device, comparing the collected one or more noises with standard noises respectively, determining the overrun noise, carrying out octave analysis on the overrun noise, and determining the overrun sound source in the obtained noise frequency band.
Further, the following steps are adopted when the obtained super-noise is analyzed to determine the over-limit sound source,
s1, performing octave analysis on the overrun noise signal Lp collected by the sound collection device to obtain f and P corresponding to Lp (f, P) of the noise, respectively calculating the obtained noise frequency bands to obtain the difference value of adjacent frequency bands, wherein deltaLeft side of＝|Pi-1-PiI and DeltaRight side＝|Pi+1-PiI, when ΔLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen greater than the limit, it is labeled Lp (f)i1,Pi1)，…，Lp (fij,Pij)，…，Lp(fin,Pin) Wherein f represents frequency and P represents amplitude; i, j and n are natural numbers;
s2, calculating DeltaP＝|MAX(Pi1,L,Pij,L Pin)-PijAnd if the delta P is larger than the preset value, eliminating the delta P to obtain a final overrun sound source Lp (F0, P), wherein F0 is the frequency of the overrun sound source.
Further, ΔLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideThe number of the limit (2) is plural, and each limit is marked.
Further, the limits include N1, N2, and N3, which divide the adjacent band difference into three steps when
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideGreater than N1, marker LpH (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpH(fij,Pij),…,LpH (fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideMarker LpM when N2 is larger than N1 or smaller (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpM(fij,Pij),…, LpM(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideMarker LpL (f) when N3 is more than N2 or lessi1,Pi1)，…，LpL(fij,Pij),…, LpL(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen the value is greater than 0dB and less than or equal to N3, the label Lp (f)i1,Pi1)，…，Lp(fij,Pij),…, Lp(fin,Pin)；
Through step S2, a three-gear overrun sound source and a corresponding sound source frequency Lp are acquired (F0, P).
Furthermore, the overrun noise is analyzed in one third octave in the range of 50Hz to 20000Hz, and the frequency and amplitude of the noise are obtained, wherein 50< (i, j, n) < 20000.
The invention further provides an air conditioner, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an air conditioner is provided with a plurality of sound collecting devices, wherein the sound collecting devices are arranged in the air conditioner and are used for collecting the running noise of each point, the noise overrun sound source is determined by the method, and the sound source device capable of transmitting the sound source in the phase opposite to that of the noise is arranged at the collecting point, so that the overrun sound source is reduced to be below the standard noise.
The third invention of the invention aims to provide a railway vehicle, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a vehicle mounting the air conditioner as hereinbefore described.
The fourth invention of the present invention is to provide a noise control method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a noise control method comprises arranging multiple sound collection devices in a space to be subjected to noise reduction control, arranging a sound source device at each sound collection device, collecting real-time running noise signals Lp at different positions respectively, transmitting the collected signals to a control device, comparing the collected signals with pre-stored corresponding standard noises L, and recording data and comparison results of the noise signals Lp at each collection point respectively,
if Lp is less than or equal to L, collecting and comparing the noise again after a preset time interval;
if Lp is more than L, the noise is marked as overrun noise, if the duration of the overrun noise is more than T, the overrun noise is analyzed according to the method, and an overrun sound source and the frequency F0 of the overrun sound source are determined;
if Lp is more than L, the noise is marked as overrun noise, if the duration of the overrun noise is less than or equal to T and the continuous times are more than n times, the overrun noise is analyzed according to the method, and the frequency F0 of the overrun sound source and the overrun sound source is determined;
if Lp is larger than L, the noise is marked as overrun noise, if the duration of the overrun noise is less than or equal to T and the continuous times are less than or equal to n times, the noise is repeatedly collected and compared;
and respectively carrying out the comparison on the noise signals Lp of all the acquisition points, acquiring the overrun sound source frequency F0 of each acquisition point with the overrun noise, and controlling and opening the corresponding needle sound source device by the control device according to the specific overrun sound source frequency of each acquisition point to emit a sound source in the phase opposite to that of the overrun sound source so as to reduce the noise at the position.
Furthermore, the control device is provided with an alarm device for confirming that the detected real-time noise Lp of each acquisition point is longer than the duration L, and if the noise duration t of a certain acquisition point is judged to exceed a limit value, the alarm device sends an alarm signal to the operation and maintenance system.
Further, the controller device confirms the duration that the real-time noise Lp of each acquisition point is larger than L, records the number of times of overrun, and sends an alarm signal to the operation and maintenance system when the number of times of overrun is larger than a preset value.
The last invention of the present invention aims to provide a noise reduction device, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a noise reduction device comprises a sound collection device and a sound source device, wherein the noise reduction device confirms an overrun sound source according to the method, and the sound source device emits a reverse sound source according to the confirmed overrun sound source frequency to reduce noise.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the method for determining a noise overrun sound source, the air conditioner, the vehicle, the method for controlling noise and the device thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. when the noise in the vehicle exceeds the standard, the noise reduction measures are intelligently started, so that the aim is achieved, the riding comfort of the vehicle is improved, and the noise reduction cost is reduced;
2. the abnormal noise output by the air conditioner can realize early warning and prompt maintenance;
3. when the noise in the vehicle is abnormal continuously, an alarm can be given in advance to remind of maintenance;
4. under the more and more intelligent big background of air conditioner, can effectively reduce or avoid the periodic inspection air conditioner noise condition, provide more comfortable environment of taking, practice thrift artifical inspection simultaneously, use manpower sparingly cost improves fail safe nature.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1: the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of an outdoor cavity of an air conditioning unit in a railway vehicle;
FIG. 2: the invention provides a railway vehicle structure schematic diagram;
FIG. 3: the invention provides a noise reduction logic diagram of an air conditioning unit;
FIG. 4: the invention provides an intelligent noise reduction logic diagram of a railway vehicle;
fig. 5-1 to 5-5: the invention provides a schematic diagram of a confirmation overrun sound source;
FIG. 6: the invention provides a noise state monitoring and alarming logic diagram;
the air conditioning unit comprises an air conditioning unit 1, an outdoor cavity 2, an evaporator 3, a static pressure cavity 4, an in-vehicle air duct 5, a passenger room 6, a first sound collecting device 7, a first sound source device 8, a second sound collecting device 9 and a second sound source device 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The invention firstly provides a method for determining a noise overrun sound source, which comprises the steps of collecting noises through a sound collecting device, comparing one or more collected noises with standard noises respectively, determining overrun noises, carrying out octave analysis on the overrun noises, and determining the overrun sound source in an obtained noise frequency band.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is introduced by taking a railway vehicle and an air conditioning unit for the railway vehicle as examples. In the invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an air conditioning unit 1 of a railway vehicle comprises an indoor cavity and an outdoor cavity 2, wherein the indoor cavity and the outdoor cavity 2 are arranged at the top of a passenger room 6, an evaporator 3 is arranged in the indoor cavity 2, a static pressure cavity 4 is arranged at the end part of the indoor cavity, fresh air in the external environment (outdoor) is mixed with return air in the passenger room 6, then the mixture is subjected to heat exchange by the evaporator 3 and is filtered by a filter screen, the mixture flows into the static pressure cavity 4 at a high speed under the action of a ventilator, the running noise of the air conditioning unit 1 flows into the static pressure cavity 4 along with high-speed airflow after temperature change, and the stable airflow is formed in the static pressure cavity 4 and then enters into the passenger room 6 through an air duct 8 in the vehicle.
In order to prevent the running noise of the air conditioning unit 1 from entering the passenger compartment 6 along with the airflow, an active noise reduction device is arranged in the static pressure cavity 4, and in the embodiment, the active noise reduction device mainly comprises a first sound source device 8 which can emit a sound source with a phase opposite to the noise frequency in the static pressure cavity 4 so as to offset the noise frequency and achieve the purpose of eliminating the noise. Before the air conditioning unit 1 is installed, noise conditions in the static pressure cavity 4 when the air conditioning unit 1 operates at different frequencies are respectively tested and collected, after a large amount of data are collected, data analysis is carried out, the corresponding relation between the different operating frequencies of the air conditioning unit 1 and the noise in the static pressure cavity 1 is determined, and the corresponding relations are prestored in a controller of the air conditioning unit 1. Furthermore, when data acquisition is carried out, the corresponding relation between the air conditioner running frequency, the running state of the rail vehicle and the noise in the static pressure cavity 4 can be acquired and stored in the controller in advance. After the variable frequency air conditioning system is assembled on a railway vehicle, in the running state, outdoor fresh air and return air of a passenger room 6 are subjected to mixed heat exchange and filtration and then are sent into a static pressure cavity 4 at the end part of an outdoor cavity 2 by a ventilator, wind noise and noise generated by the running of an air conditioning unit 1 enter the static pressure cavity 4 along with high-speed airflow at the same time, a controller controls the air conditioning unit 1 to run at different frequencies according to the temperature control requirement so as to effectively control the temperature in the passenger room 6, meanwhile, the controller pre-judges the noise value in the static pressure cavity 4 at the moment according to the corresponding relation between the stored running frequency and the noise, and according to the noise value, the first sound source device 8 is controlled to directionally emit a sound source with a phase opposite to that of the noise, so that the noise is eliminated, the active noise reduction in the air conditioning unit 1 is realized, the stable and noiseless air flow output by the static pressure cavity 1 enters the passenger room 6 through the air duct 5 in the passenger room, and the comfort of the passenger room is improved.
Under the condition that the temperature control requirement of the passenger room 6 is unchanged and the external environment temperature is relatively stable, the air conditioning unit 1 can work at a stable operation frequency within a certain time range, but the noise in the static pressure cavity 4 may change along with the operation condition of the rail vehicle, in order to further realize effective active noise reduction of the air conditioning unit 1, a first sound collecting device 7 is further arranged in the static pressure cavity 4 and is used for regularly collecting real-time noise values or noise data in the static pressure cavity 4, and a controller adjusts and controls a first sound source device 8 to directionally send out an anti-phase sound source signal according to the real-time noise data, so that active noise reduction is realized. The controller is internally provided with a timer, the working time T of the stable operation frequency of the air conditioning unit 1 is judged, when the working time T is longer than the preset time, the controller controls the first sound collecting device 7 to enter a working state, the frequency of the anti-phase sound source emitted by the first sound source device 8 is adjusted and controlled according to the real-time noise data in the static pressure cavity 4 in a timing mode, and therefore active noise reduction in the static pressure cavity 4 is achieved. A passive noise removing device can be arranged in the static pressure cavity 4, for example, noise removing cotton can be paved on the inner wall of the static pressure cavity 4 to remove part of noise.
The air flow enters the in-vehicle air duct 5 from the static pressure cavity 4, new noise may be generated in the in-vehicle air duct 5 during operation and the air inlet enters the passenger compartment 6, in order to eliminate the noise of the part, a second sound acquisition device 9 is arranged in the in-vehicle air duct 5 to acquire noise data in the in-vehicle air duct 5, further, the second sound acquisition device 9 can be arranged on the bottom wall (the side wall parallel to/close to the passenger compartment 6) of the in-vehicle air duct 5, especially at the air outlet to acquire the noise data at the air outlet, a second sound source device 10 is arranged in the passenger compartment 6 to emit an anti-phase sound source aiming at the wind noise at each air outlet to eliminate the air outlet noise. Correspondingly, the second sound collecting device 9 and the second sound source device 10 are both connected with the controller, the controller receives noise data collected by the second sound collecting device 9 and controls the second sound source device 10 to emit an anti-phase sound source with corresponding frequency, air outlet noise is eliminated, and active denoising outside the air conditioner is achieved. The second sound pickup device 9 may be installed inside the passenger compartment 6, for example, at each wind gap in the passenger compartment 6, and noise data at the wind gap is detected, and the controller controls the second sound source device 10 to emit an anti-phase sound source based on the noise data.
In this embodiment, the first and second sound source devices use microphones, and the controller controls to emit sound sources with different frequencies, the emission direction of the sound source is opposite to the direction of the noise, and two sound waves with the same frequency but opposite wave directions (phases) meet each other, so that the sound waves are balanced, and the effect of eliminating the noise is achieved.
It should be noted that the first/second sound collecting device and the first/second sound source device determine one or more positions with larger noise in the static pressure cavity 4 and the air duct 5 in the vehicle according to the big data analysis of the air conditioning system test, and determine the noise direction, so as to determine the positions of the first/second sound collecting device and the first/second sound source device, so as to accurately measure the noise, and directionally emit sound sources with opposite phases.
In this embodiment, the first sound collection device 7 and the first sound source device 8 are simultaneously arranged in the static pressure cavity 4, the controller firstly controls the first sound source device 8 to emit a sound source opposite to noise according to the real-time operation frequency of the air conditioning unit 1 and by referring to the relationship between the operation frequency and the noise in the early big data analysis, so as to realize active noise reduction, and after the stable operation frequency of the air conditioning unit 1 is not changed, the controller then regularly adjusts the frequency of the anti-phase sound source emitted by the first sound source device 8 according to the noise data of the first sound collection device 7. In practical application, if a large amount of test data are not collected and sorted in an early stage, and the relationship between the operating frequency and the noise is not prestored, the first sound collecting device 7 and the first sound source device 8 can be directly adopted for matched control, after the air conditioning unit 1 operates, the first sound collecting device 7 collects noise data in the static pressure cavity 4 in real time, and the controller controls the first sound source device 8 to emit a directional sound source which has the same frequency as the noise data and is in an opposite phase according to the received noise data; or simply by pre-existing operating frequency to noise relationships within the controller, the first acoustic source device 8 is controlled to emit a directional, anti-phase acoustic source of the same frequency as the noise data matching the operating frequency. In practical application, a corresponding noise reduction device can be arranged at any position of the air conditioning unit 1 where the operating noise can be generated, the operating noise generated at the position is collected through the sound collection device, and the operating noise generated at the position is reduced by transmitting an anti-phase sound source with corresponding frequency through the sound source device.
When the air conditioning unit 1 performs noise control, as shown in fig. 3, the sound collection devices at the frequency points (positions where noise can be generated) of the air conditioning unit 1 collect noise in all operating states (frequency points) of the air conditioning unit 1, perform octave analysis, and extract sound source characteristics; simultaneously, testing the noise of all operating frequencies at the position points of each fan, each compressor, each air duct and the like which are likely to generate operating noise respectively, performing octave analysis, and extracting the sound source characteristics; and comparing the sound source characteristics of the sound acquisition device and the sound source characteristics of each fan and each compressor, determining the frequency components and contribution of each noise source of the sound acquisition device, and finally obtaining the corresponding noise characteristics of the air conditioner in each running state. The air conditioning unit 1 determines standard noise, namely a noise reduction reference value according to noise requirements, and prestores the standard noise in a controller, noise reduction devices arranged at all positions of the air conditioning unit 1 reduce the operating noise of the air conditioning unit to the standard noise or below the standard noise, the controller can be internally provided with the uniform standard noise of the air conditioning unit 1, and the standard noise can be respectively arranged at positions generating the operating noise, or the standard noise different from other positions is arranged at the positions of part of noise.
The controller of the air conditioning unit 1 receives the noise real-time information collected by each sound collection device, controls the corresponding sound source device according to the difference value between the real-time noise and the standard noise through the pre-stored standard noise, transmits the corresponding anti-phase sound source, and reduces the noise of the part to be the standard noise or below the standard noise. The system analysis and calculation of the overrun sound source comprises the following steps:
s1: performing octave analysis on the noise signal Lp collected by the sound collection device in the vehicle cabin to obtain Lp (f, P), in this embodiment, performing one-third octave of noise in the range of 50Hz to 20000Hz to obtain corresponding f and P, forming a noise map as shown in fig. 5, and calculating the difference between adjacent frequency bands for the obtained noise frequency bands respectively: deltaLeft side of＝|Pi-1-PiI and DeltaRight side＝|Pi+1-PiI, when ΔLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen greater than the limit, the label is Lp(fi1,Pi1)，…，Lp(fij,Pij)，…，Lp(fin,Pin) Wherein f represents frequency and P represents amplitude; i, j and n are natural numbers;
in the present embodiment, ΔLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideThe limit value can be set to different values according to the noise reduction requirement, so as to realize the noise reduction effect of different gears, for example, the limit value can be set to N1, N2 and N3, the adjacent frequency bands are divided into three gears, so as to realize the noise reduction of the three gears:
when deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideGreater than N1, marker LpH (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpH(fij,Pij),…,LpH(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideMarker LpM when N2 is larger than N1 or smaller (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpM(fij,Pij),…,LpM (fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideMarker LpL (f) when N3 is more than N2 or lessi1,Pi1)，…，LpL(fij,Pij),…,LpL (fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen the value is greater than 0dB and less than or equal to N3, the label Lp (f)i1,Pi1)，…，Lp(fij,Pij),…,Lp (fin,Pin)；
In this embodiment, let N1 be 7, N2 be 5, and N3 be 3, and divide noise reduction into three steps:
when deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideGreater than 7dB, marker LpH (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpH(fij,Pij),…,LpH(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideGreater than 5dB and less than or equal to 7dB, marker LpM (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpM (fij,Pij),…,LpM(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen the value is greater than 3dB and less than or equal to 5dB, the label is LpL (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpL (fij,Pij),…,LpL(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen the value is greater than 0dB and less than or equal to 3dB, marking Lp (f)i1,Pi1)，…，Lp(fij,Pij),…, Lp(fin,Pin)。
Where f represents frequency and P represents amplitude, 50< (i, j, n) < 10000.
S2, calculating:
ΔP＝|MAX(Pi1,L,Pij,L Pin)-Pij|
extracting f with Δ p > 10dB in Lp7, Lp5 and Lp3 respectively according to the formulaijAnd respectively eliminated in the first step marking. And acquiring final Lp overrun of high, medium and low gears (F0, P). Where F0 is the overrun source frequency.
The total sound pressure level of the noise is collected through the sound collecting device, one-third octave analysis is carried out on the noise, the frequency band of the noise can be obtained, the Y axis can be the sound pressure value corresponding to the noise frequency band under different frequencies, the total sound pressure of the noise can be calculated through one-third octave, in a frequency band diagram, the total sound pressure level can be increased through the prominent frequency band, therefore, in order to reduce the noise, the frequency band which causes the total sound pressure level of the noise to be increased needs to be searched and determined in the frequency band, the frequency band can be determined as the ultralimit sound source frequency, noise reduction treatment is carried out on the ultralimit sound source frequency in a targeted mode, the whole sound pressure level is reduced through a mode of reducing the frequency band sound pressure value corresponding to the ultralimit sound source frequency, and the noise reduction effect is achieved. In this embodiment, the operating noises of five fans are respectively collected and one-third octave analysis is performed on the collected noises, so as to obtain five noise frequency band diagrams as shown in fig. 5-1 to 5-5 in fig. 5, and the total sound pressure level of the noises corresponding to each diagram is obtained by calculating the frequency band of each noise frequency band diagram, which is respectively 56.55db (a), 58.03db (a), 57.49db (a), 58.79db (a), 58.71db (a), and exceeds the set standard value of 55db (a), and the operating noises of each fan are required to be denoised according to the theoretical requirement.
As shown in fig. 5, as shown in fig. 5-1The Y-axis is the sound pressure value of the noise band of the acquisition band, the connection line of each frequency band forms a relatively smooth curve, and the connection line of most of the frequency bands and the left and right frequency bands is smooth, as described above, the range of the interval where each difference is located can be determined by calculating Δ left and/or Δ right between each frequency band, (7, (5, 7), (3, 5), (0, 3), then calculating Δ p, and extracting f where Δ p > 10dBijEliminating to obtain only 4 ultralimit sound source frequencies, such as four frequency bands marked by numbers in the figure, respectively marking as ultralimit sound sources, reducing noise aiming at the four frequency bands, reducing noise (amplitude), such as directly reducing the sound pressure of the ultralimit sound source to delta left or delta right of the original frequency band, making the delta left or delta right calculated by the reduced frequency band and the adjacent frequency band in an allowable range, so that the frequency band corresponding to the ultralimit sound source is close to the left or right adjacent frequency band thereof, and no abrupt frequency is formed. The situation is similar in fig. 5-3.
The same processing is performed for the noises shown in fig. 5-2 to 5-5 by calculating Δ of adjacent frequency bands (sound pressure values)Left side ofAnd/or deltaRight sideDetermining the range of the interval in which each difference is present, (7,. alpha., (5, 7), (3, 5), (0, 3), labeling respectively, calculating Δ p, and extracting f with Δ p > 10dBijAnd eliminating, finally obtaining the frequency of the overrun sound source, marking the frequency bands as the overrun sound sources respectively as frequency bands marked by numbers in the figure, performing targeted noise reduction treatment, and transmitting an opposite-phase sound source through a sound source device to reduce the sound pressure value of the overrun sound source so as to reduce the noise.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the noise is reduced by emitting the sound source with opposite phase, but not reducing all the noise to zero, but reducing the abrupt frequency band to an amplitude close to other frequency bands by determining the over-limit sound source, so that the operation noise is relatively smooth and has no sharp sound frequency.
By the above two-step over-limit sound source frequency confirmation method, frequencies with too large difference between adjacent frequency bands, namely frequency bands influencing sound quality, can be searched out; secondly, by comparing the difference values of the corresponding amplitudes of the frequency multiplication, a larger frequency band is marked, namely the frequency with the largest influence on the noise value is selected. The overrun sound source frequency determined in this manner is a frequency having the greatest influence on the sound quality and sound pressure. The noise reduction is carried out by using the overrun frequency, so that the noise can be accurately reduced, and the sound quality can be improved.
In addition, the difference of adjacent frequency bands is three grades of high, medium and low, namely the influence of sound quality in the ultralimit sound source is also divided into three grades, and the method can be simultaneously used for determining the target ultralimit frequency for intelligently reducing noise and improving sound quality.
According to the method, the noise reduction control is carried out on the air conditioning unit 1, when the air conditioning unit 1 is installed on a rail car, the noise reduction control method is also suitable for intelligent noise reduction control in the whole carriage, except for all noise reduction devices arranged on the air conditioning unit 1, corresponding noise reduction devices can be arranged in the carriage, noise reduction treatment is carried out on noise in the carriage, real-time monitoring of the interior of the carriage (including running noise of the air conditioning unit 1 in the carriage) is achieved, and when the collected ground noise signals exceed standard noise in the carriage, an active noise reduction device (a sound source device capable of emitting an anti-phase sound source) is automatically started, so that intelligent noise reduction is achieved. As shown in fig. 4, the air conditioning unit 1 obtains the output signal Lp of the sound collecting device in the vehicle compartment through the controller, the control system compares the noise value Lp collected in real time with the indoor noise requirement value L (standard noise), if Lp is less than or equal to the L requirement value, the operation returns, the noise detection in the vehicle compartment is carried out again at an interval of 10s, and the value is fed back. If Lp is larger than the L requirement value, the derivation logic enters the next step, Lp duration time with noise exceeding requirements is detected, when the duration time is larger than 10s, the logic enters the next step, the characteristics of collected noise in the vehicle are analyzed (by using the method shown in FIG. 3), and the frequency F0 of the sound source exceeding the limit is further determined; and when the duration is less than or equal to 10s, entering continuous detection times statistics, if the continuous times are more than 10, pushing the logic to enter the next step, and if the continuous times are not more than 10, returning to perform noise detection in the carriage again and feeding back a numerical value. And analyzing the characteristics of the collected noise in the vehicle, determining the frequency F0 of the ultralimit sound source, and selectively starting or simultaneously starting the active noise reduction device in the air conditioner and the vehicle according to the frequency components of the ultralimit sound source obtained by analysis. In practical application, the time for detecting the noise in the carriage at intervals and the continuous detection times can be set according to the precision required by noise control.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the noise in the carriage can be monitored in real time and the intelligent noise reduction treatment can be carried out, and meanwhile, the abnormal state alarm signal can be fed back when the continuously detected noise exceeds the limit times. The air conditioning unit 1 obtains an output signal Lp of the sound collecting device in the carriage through the internal controller, the control system compares a noise value Lp collected in real time with a required value L of indoor noise, if the Lp is less than or equal to the required value L, the control system returns, carries out noise detection in the carriage again, and feeds back a numerical value. And if Lp is larger than the L requirement value, the next step is carried out, and the intelligent noise reduction module is started.
And setting continuous detection time to confirm whether the duration time t of the noise in the carriage continuously exceeds the limit, if t is 90 minutes, judging that the duration time t of the noise in the carriage exceeds the required value for 90 minutes, entering the next step, and if the step is continuously accumulated for 5 times or more, sending an alarm signal to an air conditioner operation and maintenance system by the air conditioner control system.
In practical applications, the air conditioning unit 1 may be applied to various environments requiring temperature adjustment, such as a workshop, an office building, and the like, and therefore, the foregoing description should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Similarly, the noise overrun sound source, the overrun sound source frequency and the noise reduction method provided by the invention can also be applied to various technical fields which can generate noise and need noise reduction, the method is arranged in a control device of a noise reduction device, the noise reduction control is carried out on a space which is controlled by the device and needs noise reduction control, the noise reduction device comprises one or more sound acquisition devices and sound source devices which can acquire noise data at different positions, and the operations of noise reduction control, noise overrun alarm notification, operation and maintenance system rectification and the like are carried out according to the method.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the method for determining a noise overrun sound source, the air conditioner, the vehicle, the noise control method and the noise reduction device provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. when the noise in the vehicle exceeds the standard, the noise reduction measures are intelligently started, so that the aim is achieved, the riding comfort of the vehicle is improved, and the noise reduction cost is reduced;
2. the abnormal noise output by the air conditioner can realize early warning and prompt maintenance;
3. when the noise in the vehicle is abnormal continuously, an alarm can be given in advance to remind of maintenance;
4. under the more and more intelligent big background of air conditioner, can effectively reduce or avoid the periodic inspection air conditioner noise condition, provide more comfortable environment of taking, practice thrift artifical inspection simultaneously, use manpower sparingly cost improves fail safe nature.
Similar solutions can be derived as described above in connection with the given solution content. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The method for determining the noise overrun sound source is characterized by comprising the following steps: the noise is collected through the sound collecting device, one or more collected noises are respectively compared with standard noises, the overrun noises are determined, octave analysis is carried out on the overrun noises, and the overrun sound source is determined in the obtained noise frequency band.
2. The method of determining an overrun noise source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the analysis of the acquired super-noise to determine the over-limit sound source uses the following steps,
s1, performing octave analysis on the overrun noise signal Lp collected by the sound collection device to obtain f and P corresponding to Lp (f, P) of the noise, respectively calculating the obtained noise frequency bands to obtain the difference value of adjacent frequency bands, wherein deltaLeft side of＝|Pi-1-PiI and DeltaRight side＝|Pi+1-PiI, when ΔLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen greater than the limit, the label is Lp(fi1,Pi1)，…，Lp(fij,Pij)，…，Lp(fin,Pin) Wherein f represents frequency and P represents amplitude; i, j and n are natural numbers;
s2, calculating DeltaP＝|MAX(Pi1,…,Pij,…Pin)-PijI whenAnd when the delta P is larger than a preset value, eliminating the delta P to obtain a final overrun sound source Lp (F0, P), wherein F0 is the frequency of the overrun sound source.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein Δ isLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideThe number of the limit (2) is plural, and each limit is marked.
4. The method of determining an overrun noise source as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the limit values include N1, N2 and N3, and the adjacent band difference is divided into three stages when
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideGreater than N1, marker LpH (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpH(fij,Pij),…,LpH(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideMarker LpM when N2 is larger than N1 or smaller (f)i1,Pi1)，…，LpM(fij,Pij),…,LpM(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideMarker LpL (f) when N3 is more than N2 or lessi1,Pi1)，…，LpL(fij,Pij),…,LpL(fin,Pin)；
When deltaLeft side ofOr ΔRight sideWhen the value is greater than 0dB and less than or equal to N3, the label Lp (f)i1,Pi1)，…，Lp(fij,Pij),…,Lp(fin,Pin)；
Through step S2, a three-gear overrun sound source and a corresponding sound source frequency Lp are acquired (F0, P).
5. The method of determining an overrun sound source as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and analyzing one third octave of the overrun noise in the range of 50Hz to 20000Hz to obtain the frequency and amplitude of the noise, wherein 50< (i, j, n) < 20000.
6. An air conditioner, characterized in that: the air conditioner is provided with a plurality of sound collecting devices, collects the operating noise of each point, determines the noise overrun sound source by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and arranges a sound source device capable of transmitting the sound source in phase opposition to the noise at the collecting point to reduce the overrun sound source below the standard noise.
7. A vehicle, characterized in that: the method comprises an air conditioning unit, wherein a plurality of sound collecting devices for collecting noise data at different points and a sound source device arranged correspondingly are arranged in a compartment of the vehicle and the air conditioning unit, and the sound source device determines an overrun sound source and a frequency emission anti-phase sound source in the collected noise data according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 to reduce the noise.
8. A noise control method, characterized by: arranging a plurality of sound collecting devices in a space needing noise reduction control, correspondingly arranging a sound source device at each sound collecting device, collecting real-time running noise signals Lp at different positions respectively by the sound collecting devices, transmitting the collected real-time running noise signals Lp to a control device, respectively comparing the collected real-time running noise signals with pre-stored corresponding standard noise L, and respectively recording data of the noise signals Lp at each collecting point and a comparison result, wherein,
if Lp is less than or equal to L, collecting and comparing the noise again after a preset time interval;
if Lp > L, the noise is marked as overrun noise, and if the duration of the overrun noise is greater than T, the overrun noise is analyzed according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the overrun sound source and the frequency of the overrun sound source are determined as F0;
if Lp is greater than L, the noise is marked as overrun noise, if the duration of the overrun noise is less than or equal to T and the continuous times are more than n times, the overrun noise is analyzed according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the frequency F0 of the overrun sound source and the overrun sound source is determined;
if Lp is larger than L, the noise is marked as overrun noise, if the duration of the overrun noise is less than or equal to T and the continuous times are less than or equal to n times, the noise is repeatedly collected and compared;
and respectively carrying out the comparison on the noise signals Lp of all the acquisition points, acquiring the overrun sound source frequency F0 of each acquisition point with the overrun noise, and controlling and starting the corresponding sound source device by the control device according to the specific overrun sound source frequency of each acquisition point to emit a sound source in the phase opposite to that of the overrun sound source so as to reduce the noise at the position.
9. A noise control method according to claim 8, wherein: the control device is provided with an alarm device, the duration time that the real-time noise Lp detected by each acquisition point is greater than L is confirmed, and if the noise duration time t of a certain acquisition point is judged to exceed a limit value, the alarm device sends an alarm signal to the operation and maintenance system.
10. A noise control method according to claim 9, wherein: the control device confirms the duration time that the real-time noise Lp of each acquisition point is larger than L, records the number of overrun times, and when the number of overrun times is larger than a preset value, the alarm device sends an alarm signal to the operation and maintenance system.
11. A noise reducing device, characterized by: comprising a sound collection device and a sound source device, wherein the noise reduction device confirms an overrun sound source according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the sound source device emits a reversed phase sound source according to the confirmed overrun sound source frequency to reduce noise.
CN202110690077.6A 2021-06-22 2021-06-22 Noise overrun sound source determination method, air conditioner, vehicle, noise control method and device Pending CN113506557A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114459595A (en) * 2022-01-06 2022-05-10 博迈科海洋工程股份有限公司 Main noise spectrum identification method for large air duct of oil-gas module
CN115031829A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-09-09 扬芯科技(深圳)有限公司 Product noise testing method and system
CN115056809A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-09-16 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 Multi-dimensional control method for measuring noise of ventilation cooling system and rail train

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114459595A (en) * 2022-01-06 2022-05-10 博迈科海洋工程股份有限公司 Main noise spectrum identification method for large air duct of oil-gas module
CN115031829A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-09-09 扬芯科技(深圳)有限公司 Product noise testing method and system
CN115056809A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-09-16 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 Multi-dimensional control method for measuring noise of ventilation cooling system and rail train

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