BIM-based tunnel engineering multi-dimensional component classification and coding method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of BIM (building information modeling) technology application and information interaction technology of tunnel engineering, in particular to a BIM-based tunnel engineering multi-dimensional component classification and coding method, belonging to the technical field of calculation, calculation or counting.
Background
With the intelligent development of the traffic infrastructure in China, the BIM technology is applied to tunnel engineering more and more, but because the tunnel engineering is high in complexity and poor in compatibility of various software data formats, the uniformity of coding rules of tunnel model members by all parties is low, and the transmission and sharing of data information in the whole life cycle of the tunnel engineering from planning and designing to building and operation and maintenance are greatly influenced.
At present, a complete and mature building classification method and a coding system are established abroad based on the domestic building industry, but the application of the BIM technology in tunnel engineering in China just starts, and a relatively comprehensive and detailed BIM model information coding method based on the tunnel engineering is not established yet.
The method is characterized in that a railway tunnel engineering system decomposition structure (EBS) standard and application research (Darlington [ J/OL ] railway standard design: 1-6[2021-04-24]) are integrated, a railway tunnel EBS decomposition system is applied, and railway tunnel EBS codes corresponding to the railway tunnel EBS decomposition system are designed, but the coding system only relates to tunnel partial item content and is only suitable for a construction stage; the design and research of a tunnel engineering information platform based on a BIM technology (Liao, Liao. [ J ]. tunnel construction (Chinese and English), 2019,39(z2):60-68.DOI:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2019.S2.008) proposes a scheme of coding tunnel components by combining English letters and numbers, coding contents comprise pile numbers and component name information, and the platform only relates to a construction progress management module. In summary, the existing tunnel engineering coding technology cannot reflect all information of the whole life cycle of the tunnel engineering and the information interaction process, and a multidimensional coding system is urgently needed to overcome the defects of the existing tunnel engineering coding technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a BIM-based tunnel engineering multi-dimensional component classification and coding method, which breaks the information barriers among all parties by establishing a tunnel engineering multi-dimensional coding system, binds the identity and the information of a component, gets through the information flow during the operation and maintenance of tunnel engineering construction, realizes the quick sharing of the information, realizes the aim of multi-information interaction in the whole life cycle of tunnel engineering, and solves the technical problems that the BIM information sharing of the tunnel engineering is difficult and a unified and normalized tunnel engineering coding system is not available at present.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention:
a BIM-based tunnel engineering multi-dimensional component classification and coding method. The method comprises the following steps:
establishing a comprehensive multi-dimensional tunnel component information coding system according to project information, construction information, structure information, component information, metering information, monitoring information and the like;
carrying out granularity decomposition on the tunnel engineering structure into a minimum granularity component;
giving a minimum granularity component digital code for the structural decomposition of the tunnel engineering by using a multi-pair dimension tunnel component information coding system;
adding the minimum granularity component multi-dimensional digital code corresponding to the BIM component model into the attribute of the BIM component model according to the BIM model engineering structure tree of the tunnel engineering;
and uploading the unique digital codes to a BIM construction management platform, and performing multi-field calling or extracting component codes required by the participants on the BIM construction management platform according to the multi-dimensional digital codes to perform data information input and filling.
Optionally, a comprehensive multidimensional tunnel component information coding system is established according to project information, construction information, structure information, component information, metering information, monitoring information and the like, the multidimensional component coding information is formulated according to information during operation and maintenance of tunnel engineering construction, digital codes with minimum granularity are divided into 6 types of large codes according to the multidimensional coding system, and specific contents are divided into: item code + base code-location code-structure code-component code + attribute code.
Optionally, after dividing the minimum granularity digital code into 6 major codes, the major codes are divided into multi-level minor codes as required.
Optionally, the project code is introduction project overall information, and should include tunnel engineering code information, tunnel construction location information and tunnel type information; i.e. the item code consists of a tunnel code, a region code and a category code.
Optionally, the basic code is a code that does not change substantially when the tunnel is encoded, and the basic code should include tunnel engineering subsection information, construction method information, and function classification information.
Optionally, the position code refers to tunnel engineering construction section information, foundation pit position information and segment position information.
Optionally, the structure codes are divided according to project divisions in the tunnel construction process, and the division types of different project divisions are different.
Optionally, the component code is to encode the minimum granularity component of the tunnel engineering decomposition for distinguishing the same type of component, which can not be further divided.
Optionally, the attribute code is used for encoding the component attribute for component measurement, and includes a component material, a component size, and a material model.
Optionally, the major code is composed of multi-level minor codes, and the item code, the basic code, the position code, the component code and the attribute code at least contain level 1 minor codes and at most contain level 4 minor codes; when the structure code does not meet the requirements by using 4-level subclass codes, 1 level division is added, and finally the 1-level subclass codes represent expansion codes.
Optionally, the basic code, the position code, the structure code and the component code are main codes, and a "-" connection is used between the main codes; the item code and the attribute code are additional codes, and the additional codes are connected with other large-class codes by using a '+' connection; the specific connection mode of 6 major codes is as follows: item code + base code-location code-structure code-component code + attribute code.
Optionally, the primary code is the code information that must be contained in the component code, and the additional code determines whether it needs to be contained according to the nature of the engineering component.
Optionally, the minimum granularity component digital code given to the tunnel engineering structure decomposition means that the division of each level of small class codes under the large class codes is represented by numbers, the numbers must start from "1" to end at "9", and "0" represents that no small class code of this level exists, and the number digits of the large class codes are supplemented; when various components are coded, the digital coding digits are kept consistent, and when no hierarchy division is performed, 0 is used for supplement; each subclass code uses at least 1 bit number and at most 3 bit numbers.
Optionally, the multidimensional digital code is added to the BIM component model attribute, and is a digital code compiled according to the BIM model engineering structure tree and the multidimensional coding system and is added to the BIM model component attribute.
Optionally, uploading the unique digital code to a BIM construction management platform, and performing multi-field calling or extracting a member code required by the participant on the BIM construction management platform according to the multi-dimensional digital code by the participant to perform data information input and filling; uploading the model with the digital code to a BIM construction management platform, and sharing the model with the digital code to each participant; and each participant carries out multi-field selection component coding or extracts required component coding according to the multi-dimensional coding in the BIM construction management platform, and data information of the components is recorded.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the characteristics of tunnel engineering, the invention decomposes the BIM model of the tunnel to meet the requirements of all participants as a main line, forms a BIM engineering structure tree and a multidimensional coding system, and realizes the mutual sharing of data information of all participants by taking component coding information as a link.
(2) The BIM-based tunnel multidimensional coding has the characteristics of uniqueness, expandability, conciseness, multidimensional property and the like, and realizes standardization of a BIM coding system of tunnel engineering.
(3) The invention can lead each project participant to extract the coding information required by the participant from the multi-dimensional coding, reduce the data information confusion caused by the multi-identity coding of the components and realize the quick hanging of the data information of the BIM component model.
(4) The invention binds the member identity and the information, has a unique identifier and realizes the source tracing of the information in the whole period of the tunnel engineering.
(5) The invention can check various basic information of the component through multi-dimensional coding information, such as component construction position information, material information, model information and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of formulating multi-dimensional BIM building blocks according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an engineering structure tree according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3(a) and 3(b) are exemplary diagrams of tunnel roof model elements and attributes of adding codes to the tunnel roof model elements according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4(a) and 4(b) are exemplary diagrams of a tunnel pile model component and an attribute for adding codes to the tunnel pile model component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a coding example of a BIM construction management platform component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout.
The invention provides a BIM-based tunnel engineering multi-dimensional component classification and coding method, as shown in FIG. 1, comprising the following 12 steps:
1. according to project information, construction information, structure information, component information, metering information, monitoring information and other component information required by participants, a tunnel engineering BIM model engineering structure tree shown in figure 2 and a corresponding multi-dimensional coding system thereof are formulated to carry out granularity decomposition on a tunnel engineering structure into minimum granularity components, and the multi-pair-dimension tunnel component information coding system is used for endowing the tunnel engineering structure with the decomposed minimum granularity component digital codes.
2. According to a multi-dimensional coding system, minimum granularity component codes are divided into 6 types of large codes including item codes, basic codes, position codes, structure codes, component codes and attribute codes. The major codes are divided into detail according to different requirements, at least 1 subclass code is contained, and at most 4 subclass codes are divided; when 4 levels of structural code division do not meet the requirements, 1 subclass code is added, and the added type is an expansion code.
3. Various large class codes are expressed by using numbers, and the number digits of the large class codes are determined according to the most levels of the small class division of the large class codes; when the number of digits of the large class code is determined and is not changed, and the hierarchical level of the small class of other building blocks is less than the highest hierarchical level of the large class code, the tail end of the large class code of the building blocks is supplemented by 0. The numerical coding of the minor code under the major code starts with the number "1" and ends with the number "9"; the number "0" represents no subclass code of a certain type.
4. The connection between the large-class codes is carried out by using a- ' or a ' + '. The basic code, the position code, the structure code and the component code are main codes and are connected by using a negative code; the item code and the attribute code are additional codes, and are connected with other large-class codes by using "+". Unsigned connections between the subclasses; when the structure code subclass division level of a certain type of component is more than 4, a level 1 expansion code is added, and when the structure code uses the expansion code, the "()" connection is used.
5. And the project code is divided into subclasses according to the tunnel code of the project, province and city where the tunnel is located and the tunnel type. The tunnel code refers to the serial number of the traffic road of each province and city and is expressed by 3-digit numbers; the region codes are expressed by 4-digit numbers according to the administrative region codes of each city; the tunnel type is represented by a 1-bit number. The project code adopts 8-digit numbers, and the table 1 is a part of a classification table of the tunnel engineering project code.
Table 1 item code part table
6. The foundation codes are classified into subclasses according to the subsection engineering and the construction method of projects and whether main lines or ramps and roadbed are separated or not. The branch engineering comprises tunnel engineering, road engineering, pipeline engineering, electromechanical engineering, building engineering, bridge engineering and street crossing channels, and is represented by 1-digit numbers; the construction method is divided into a subsurface excavation method and an open excavation method, and 1-digit number is adopted for representation; the method belongs to a main line or a ramp and adopts 1-bit digital representation; and 1-bit digital representation is adopted according to whether the roadbed is separated or not. The basic codes are totally expressed by 4 digits, and the table 2 is a part of a classification table of the basic codes of the tunnel engineering.
TABLE 2 basic code partial table
7. And the position codes are divided into fine categories according to construction standard sections, foundation pit positions and section positions of project tunnel engineering. The construction standard section is represented by 1 digit; the position of the foundation pit is represented by 2-bit numbers from '01' to '99'; segment positions are represented by 2-digit numbers, from "01" to "99". The position codes are totally expressed by 5-bit numbers, and the table 3 is a part of a tunnel engineering position code classification table.
TABLE 3 partial table of position codes
8. And the structural codes are classified according to different construction methods of the tunnel. When no expansion code exists, the structure code is represented by 5 digits; when the expansion code exists, the structure code is represented by 6 digits and is added with "()" for connection, and the table 4 is a part of a classification table of the tunnel engineering structure code.
Table 4 structural code part table
9. The component code is used for distinguishing similar components and is represented by 3-bit numbers.
10. The attribute codes are divided according to the material, model, size, etc. of the component. Whether the number of the components is increased is determined according to the component attributes, the components are represented by 6 digits in total, and the table 5 is a part of a tunnel engineering attribute code classification table.
Table 5 attribute code part table
11. According to the established engineering structure number and the multi-dimensional coding system, the digital codes corresponding to the BIM component model are added to the attribute information in the BIM software, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
12. Uploading a BIM tunnel model with coding information to a BIM construction management platform, wherein each participant takes the component coding information as a link, calls the BIM component coding information of a field required by the participant from the BIM construction management platform and inputs data information as shown in FIG. 5; the BIM construction management platform can carry out project cost measurement, project progress simulation, project monitoring statistics and the like according to data information.
In conclusion, the BIM technology provides a platform for information interchange for each participant, the component model coding is a bridge for information interchange, and a BIM-based tunnel engineering multi-dimensional coding system is established to carry out digital coding on a tunnel component model, so that the BIM model component has a unique identifier, the requirement of system information interchange of each participant is met, the application of the tunnel BIM technology is promoted, the information barrier of the tunnel engineering in the whole life cycle is broken, and the blank of the BIM tunnel coding system in China is filled.