CN113504833A - Digital optical color temperature sensor, eyeball tracking device and human-computer interaction system - Google Patents
Digital optical color temperature sensor, eyeball tracking device and human-computer interaction system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of eyeball identification, and discloses a digital optical color temperature sensor, an eyeball tracking device and a human-computer interaction system, wherein the digital optical color temperature sensor comprises: the system comprises a photosensitive circuit, a color temperature control conversion processor, a register, an external interface, an oscillation circuit and a memory; the light sensing circuit comprises at least one first photodiode used for sensing visible light, and the first photodiode is used for sensing corresponding color light of a preset point position of the eye region, converting the corresponding color light into current and outputting the current to the color temperature control conversion processor; the color temperature control conversion processor is used for converting the current into a numerical value for processing by an external processor. The digital optical color temperature sensor has small volume, low power consumption and low price.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of eyeball identification, in particular to a digital optical color temperature sensor, an eyeball tracking device and a human-computer interaction system.
Background
At present, the mainstream eyeball identification technology in the market adopts a camera imaging algorithm, and object identification mainly adopts a camera to intercept an image, then achieves the identification purpose through an ISP (image processor) and a software algorithm, and then converts the image into a digital signal which can be identified by a central processing unit to perform corresponding control operation. Obviously, the existing camera identification technology has the defects of large module size, high power consumption, high price and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a digital optical color temperature sensor, an eyeball tracking device and a human-computer interaction system, which solve the technical problems of large module size, high power consumption and high price in the traditional eyeball identification technology.
The invention relates to a digital optical color temperature sensor, comprising: the system comprises a photosensitive circuit, a color temperature control conversion processor, a register, an external interface, an oscillation circuit and a memory;
the light sensing circuit comprises at least one first photodiode for sensing visible light, and the first photodiode is used for sensing corresponding color light of a preset point position of the eye region, converting the corresponding color light into current and outputting the current to the color temperature control conversion processor;
the memory is used for storing a conversion algorithm;
the color temperature control conversion processor is used for converting the current into a numerical value according to a conversion algorithm, giving a register address bit of the register and storing the numerical value in the corresponding register address bit;
the register transmits the numerical value to an external processor through the external interface;
the oscillating circuit provides working frequency for the color temperature control conversion processor.
Wherein the color temperature control conversion processor comprises: the device comprises a current control module, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter;
the current control module is used for reading the current;
the first operational amplifier is used for transmitting the current to the second operational amplifier after the current is operated and amplified;
the second operational amplifier is used for adjusting and correcting the current into a sine wave;
the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the sine wave into the numerical value.
Wherein, the memory is also used for inputting a conversion algorithm set by a user.
Wherein the first photodiode includes: at least one of a red coated photodiode, a green coated photodiode, a blue coated photodiode, and a gray coated photodiode.
And the area corresponding to the first photodiode is also provided with a first filter sheet for allowing visible light to pass through.
Wherein, the photosensitive circuit further comprises: and the second photodiode is used for sensing the invisible light of the eye region and converting the invisible light into current to be output to the color temperature control conversion processor.
And a second filter for allowing invisible light to pass through is further arranged in the area corresponding to the second photodiode.
The first photodiode is arranged in the first position, and the second photodiode is arranged in the second position.
The present invention also provides an eyeball tracking apparatus comprising: the external processor is connected with the digital optical color temperature sensor; the digital optical color temperature sensor sends a numerical value corresponding to the preset point position of the real-time induction eye region to the external processor, and the external processor judges the movement locus of the eyeball according to the numerical value changes of two adjacent times.
The invention also provides a human-computer interaction system, comprising: the user terminal is connected with the external processor and is used for receiving the signal representing the eyeball motion trail sent by the external processor and executing corresponding operation according to the corresponding signal representing the eyeball motion trail.
The digital optical color temperature sensor receives irradiation of different colors of light in an eye region through the high-sensitivity photodiode, outputs different currents by utilizing the reflection principle of the optical receiving surface (when an object is irradiated by RGB component light, the color component of the reflected light changes according to the color of the object), and converts the different currents into different numerical values so that an external processor judges the movement locus of an eyeball according to the front and back adjacent two changes of the numerical value corresponding to the preset point position of the eye region. The digital optical color temperature sensor has small volume, low power consumption and low price.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a digital optical color temperature sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a color temperature control conversion processor in the digital optical color temperature sensor of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of photodiodes in the digital optical color temperature sensor of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an eyeball tracking device according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A first embodiment of the present invention provides a digital optical color temperature sensor, as shown in fig. 1, including: the device comprises a photosensitive circuit 1, a color temperature control conversion processor 2, a register 3, an external interface 4, an oscillator circuit 5 and a memory 6.
The light sensing circuit 1 comprises at least one first photodiode for sensing visible light, and the first photodiode is used for sensing corresponding color light of a predetermined point of an eye region (including a white eye region and an eyeball region), converting the corresponding color light into current and outputting the current to the color temperature control conversion processor 2. Specifically, a plurality of first photodiodes are formed in a parallel circuit, the anodes of the first photodiodes are connected to a power supply VDD, and the cathodes thereof are connected to a ground VSS.
The memory 6 is used to store a conversion algorithm for the color temperature control conversion processor 2 to convert the current into a numerical value.
The color temperature control conversion processor 2 is used for converting the current into a numerical value according to a conversion algorithm, giving a register address bit of the register 3 and storing the numerical value in the corresponding register address bit.
The register 3 transmits the value to an external processor (such as a singlechip) through an external interface 4, specifically, the external interface 4 can be an I2C standard interface, and is connected with the external processor through an SDA (two-way data line) and an SCL (clock line), an ADDR (address line) is used for connecting an enabling end of the register 3, if the external processor is only connected with a digital optical color temperature sensor, namely only senses a single eye, the ADDR can be grounded, connected with a power supply or suspended; if the external processor is connected to two digital optical color temperature sensors, each of which senses one eye, i.e., senses both eyes, the ADDR of one of the registers is connected to the power supply and is a high level address, the ADDR of the other register is connected to the ground and is a low level address, and the external processor reads the values in the different registers by selecting the high level address or the low level address.
The oscillator circuit 5 (OSC) supplies an operating frequency to the color temperature control conversion processor 2.
The digital optical color temperature sensor of the embodiment receives irradiation of different colors of light in an eye region through the high-sensitivity photodiode, outputs different currents by using the principle of reflection of an optical receiving surface (when an object is irradiated by light of RGB components, the color components of reflected light change according to the color of the object), and converts the currents into different values according to the different currents, so that an external processor judges the movement locus of an eyeball according to the two adjacent changes of the values corresponding to the predetermined point positions in the eye region. The digital optical color temperature sensor is small in size (1050 mu m is multiplied by 795 mu m), low in power consumption (the power supply voltage only needs 3-5V, the normal standby power consumption is about 1uA, the limit power consumption during working is below 100uA and can be adjusted according to actual conditions) and cheaper in price (compared with the traditional scheme based on a camera, the price is greatly reduced).
As shown in fig. 2, the color temperature control conversion processor 2 includes: a current control module 21, a first operational amplifier 22, a second operational amplifier 23 and an analog-to-digital converter 24.
The current control module 21 is used to read the current.
The first operational amplifier 22 is used to amplify the current and transmit the amplified current to the second operational amplifier 2, and the first photodiode generates a slight current after sensing the light, so that the amplification process is required.
The second operational amplifier 23 is used to correct the current adjustment to a sine wave.
An analog-to-digital converter 24 is used to convert the sine wave into the value.
The memory 6 is also used in this embodiment for entering the conversion algorithm set by the user. Specifically, the initial algorithms of the first operational amplifier 22, the second operational amplifier 23 and the analog-to-digital converter 24 stored in the memory 6 may be adjusted by the user according to actual needs. These user-defined correlation algorithms are stored in the memory 6 after one time of setting, and there is no need to execute the user-defined steps each time the computer is turned on.
The first photodiode includes: at least one of a red coated photodiode, a green coated photodiode, a blue coated photodiode, and a gray coated photodiode, for example: the light sensing circuit 1 includes: one each of the red coated photodiode R, the green coated photodiode G, the blue coated photodiode B, and the gray coated photodiode C, and the photodiodes are connected in parallel. Specifically, the first photodiode has no color when the wafer lamination is completed, and after the wafer is manufactured, a coating (coating) process is performed on the surface of the wafer to coat the corresponding color.
Since visible light is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength in the range of 380nm to 780nm, in order to filter interference of other wavelengths, a first filter for allowing visible light to pass through is further arranged on the surface of the digital optical color temperature sensor in a region corresponding to the first photodiode.
Further, the light sensing circuit 1 further includes: and a second photodiode IR for sensing the invisible light, the second photodiode IR sensing the invisible light of the eye region and converting the invisible light into a current to be output to the color temperature control conversion processor 2. The second photodiode IR is connected in parallel with each of the first photodiodes, and has an anode connected to a power supply VDD and a cathode connected to VSS.
In order to filter the interference of other visible light wavelengths, a second filter sheet for allowing invisible light to pass through is further arranged on the surface of the digital optical color temperature sensor in a region corresponding to the second photodiode IR.
As shown in fig. 3, the region where the first photodiode is located and the region where the second photodiode IR is located are spaced apart by a certain distance to avoid mutual interference of visible light and invisible light. And one photodiode occupies an area of 50 microns multiplied by 46 microns, the integration level is high, and the volume of the digital optical color temperature sensor can be greatly reduced.
Taking five eyes of different people or races as an example, the numerical value table obtained by sensing the predetermined point positions of the eye region by the digital optical color temperature sensor is as follows:
TABLE 1 numerical values obtained by sensing five predetermined points of five eyes respectively
In table 1 above, position 1, position 2, position 3, position 4, and position 5 are left white, left edge, center, right edge, and right white regions of the eyeball corresponding to the eye region respectively when the eyeball is in the middle of the eye, and the corresponding values of the different regions are different. As shown in fig. 3, a distribution diagram of photodiodes on the surface of the digital optical color temperature sensor, preferably three photodiodes for each color, is provided, and photodiodes corresponding to visible light and invisible light are separately arranged to prevent mutual interference. In table 1 above, the column of the relevant color corresponds to the value of the current conversion induced by the photodiode of the corresponding color. Specifically, R represents an average value of values converted by the color temperature control conversion processor 2 from output currents of the photodiodes 2R, 6R, 14R; g represents the average value of the values of 4G, 8G and 12G output currents converted by the color temperature control conversion processor 2; b represents the average value of the values of the output currents of 1B, 9B and 13B converted by the color temperature control conversion processor 2; c represents the average value of the values of the 3C, 7C, 11C output currents converted by the color temperature control conversion processor 2, and IR represents the average value of the values of the 5IR, 10IR, 15IR output currents converted by the color temperature control conversion processor 2. The three photodiodes are used, so that the numerical value obtained under the condition that the whole size of the digital optical color temperature sensor is small is more accurate, and because three photodiodes sample the same preset point position for one color for three times, the average value of the finally converted numerical value is more accurate.
Theoretically, the more predetermined point locations are set in the eye region, the smoother the eyeball trajectory tracking curve is, but the more numerical values are, the greater the calculation complexity is, and therefore, the number of the predetermined point locations is not more than 10, and preferably 3 to 5. Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned numerical values corresponding to the predetermined point locations in the eye-open state, the numerical values in the eye-closed state (the color of the eyelid does not change much when the eye is closed, and the corresponding numerical values in the predetermined point locations tend to be equal) may be obtained in the eye-closed state, so as to determine the blinking behavior and the eye-closed state when applied.
A second embodiment of the present invention provides an eyeball tracking apparatus, as shown in fig. 4, comprising: the external processor 200 and the digital optical color temperature sensor 100, the external processor 200 is connected to the digital optical color temperature sensor 100; the digital optical color temperature sensor 100 sends the numerical value corresponding to the preset point position of the real-time induction eye region to the external processor 200, and the external processor 200 judges the movement locus of the eyeball according to the numerical value changes of two adjacent times, so as to generate a signal representing the movement locus of the eyeball. Specifically, when tracking is started, as long as the eyeball moves, the numerical value of the preset point location changes, the movement locus of the eyeball is judged through comparison of the changes, and if the numerical value of the same point location is basically kept unchanged for a certain period of time, the eyeball does not move. In a specific application, the external processor 200 may store, as initial data, a value of the eyeball in the eye-open state when the eyeball is still in the middle of the eye and a value of the eyeball in the eye-closed state when the eyeball is in the eye-closed state, so as to determine the current position of the eyeball according to the subsequent values obtained in real time, and also determine the blinking motion and the eye-closed state.
The eye tracking device may be a wearable device, such as: glasses, helmets, masks, watches, etc. the digital optical color temperature sensor 100 and the external processor 200 are reasonably arranged on the wearable device.
For example: for the fifth eye in the above table 1, the last received data is the data of the fifth eye in the above data table 1, when the next data changes, the data at the position 3 becomes the data at the last position 4, the data at the position 2 becomes the data at the last position 3, and so on, it is determined that the eyeball has moved to the left, and then a signal representing the left movement trajectory of the eyeball is generated. When the value obtained in real time next time is compared with the corresponding value in the table 1 last time, the error of +/-5 to +/-10 is allowed.
A third embodiment of the present invention provides a human-computer interaction system, including: the user terminal is connected with the eyeball tracking device, the user terminal is specifically connected with the external processor and can be connected in a wired or wireless mode, and the user terminal is used for receiving signals representing eyeball movement tracks sent by the external processor and executing corresponding operation according to the signals representing the eyeball movement tracks. Specifically, an application program associated with the signal representing the eye movement track is set in the user terminal, and the signal representing the eye movement track and a mapping table for executing a corresponding operation instruction are stored. For example: the music program of the user terminal is associated with the signal representing the eye movement track, and the mapping table is as follows 2:
table 2 mapping table of signals representing eye movement locus and corresponding operation instruction executed by music playing program
| Signals representing eye movement trajectories | Operation instruction |
| Eyeball left movement signal | Last song |
| Eyeball right movement signal | The next song |
| Two consecutive blink signals | Playing or pausing |
Receiving a signal representing the leftward movement track of the eyeball sent by the eyeball tracking device, and correspondingly executing the operation of playing the previous song; and when receiving the blink signals of two times, pausing if the blink signals are currently in a playing state, and playing if the blink signals are currently in a pausing state. The application program can also be an electronic book, the eyeball left movement signal correspondingly executes the previous page operation, the eyeball right movement signal correspondingly executes the next page operation, and the electronic book is correspondingly opened or quitted by the blink signals continuously twice.
The user terminal can be a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a vehicle-mounted computer, a television and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A digital optical color temperature sensor, comprising: the system comprises a photosensitive circuit, a color temperature control conversion processor, a register, an external interface, an oscillation circuit and a memory;
the light sensing circuit comprises at least one first photodiode for sensing visible light, and the first photodiode is used for sensing corresponding color light of a preset point position of the eye region, converting the corresponding color light into current and outputting the current to the color temperature control conversion processor;
the memory is used for storing a conversion algorithm;
the color temperature control conversion processor is used for converting the current into a numerical value according to a conversion algorithm, giving a register address bit of the register and storing the numerical value in the corresponding register address bit;
the register transmits the numerical value to an external processor through the external interface;
the oscillating circuit provides working frequency for the color temperature control conversion processor.
2. The digital optical color temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein the color temperature control conversion processor comprises: the device comprises a current control module, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter;
the current control module is used for reading the current;
the first operational amplifier is used for transmitting the current to the second operational amplifier after the current is operated and amplified;
the second operational amplifier is used for adjusting and correcting the current into a sine wave;
the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the sine wave into the numerical value.
3. The digital optical color temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein the memory is further configured to enter a conversion algorithm set by a user.
4. The digital optical color temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein the first photodiode comprises: at least one of a red coated photodiode, a green coated photodiode, a blue coated photodiode, and a gray coated photodiode.
5. The digital optical color temperature sensor according to claim 4, wherein the first photodiode corresponding region is further provided with a first filter for passing visible light.
6. The digital optical color temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light sensing circuit further comprises: and the second photodiode is used for sensing the invisible light of the eye region and converting the invisible light into current to be output to the color temperature control conversion processor.
7. The digital optical color temperature sensor according to claim 6, wherein the second photodiode corresponding region is further provided with a second filter for passing invisible light.
8. The digital optical color temperature sensor according to claim 6, wherein the region where the first photodiode is located and the region where the second photodiode is located are spaced apart by a certain distance.
9. An eye tracking device, comprising: the digital optical color temperature sensor of any one of claims 1-8 and an external processor, the external processor being connected to the digital optical color temperature sensor; the digital optical color temperature sensor sends a numerical value corresponding to the preset point position of the real-time induction eye region to the external processor, and the external processor judges the movement locus of the eyeball according to the numerical value changes of two adjacent times.
10. A human-computer interaction system, comprising: the user terminal and the eyeball tracking device of claim 9, wherein the user terminal is connected to the external processor, and is configured to receive the signal representing the eyeball movement trajectory sent by the external processor, and execute a corresponding operation according to the corresponding signal representing the eyeball movement trajectory.
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