CN113504152A - SF based on shunting method6Method and device for measuring and calculating gas recovery rate of gas chamber - Google Patents
SF based on shunting method6Method and device for measuring and calculating gas recovery rate of gas chamber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
SF based on shunting method6A method and a device for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of a gas chamber, belonging to SF6The technical field of measuring equipment is used for solving the problems that a single wide-range flowmeter is adopted in the prior art, the measurement error of the recovery rate is large when the air pressure of an air chamber is reduced and the air flow is reduced, and the device of the wide-range flowmeter is inconvenient to carry; the inner sectional areas of the first gas path, the second gas path and the third gas path designed by the method are sequentially reduced, the range of the second flowmeter is smaller than that of the first flow, and different gas paths are switched to recover gas according to the pressure change of the gas in the gas chamber, so that the flow of each level of the gas discharged from the gas chamber can be accurately measured; compared with the flowmeter directly installed on the first gas path, the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter which are used by the device and have a large measuring range and a small measuring range have the advantages that the requirement of the measuring range of the flowmeter is reduced in a multiple mode, the cost of the device is greatly saved, and the measuring precision of the small-measuring-range flowmeter is higher, so that the measuring error is reduced, and the measuring precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to SF6The technical field of measuring equipment, and relates to SF (sulfur hexafluoride) based on a shunt method6A method and a device for measuring and calculating gas recovery rate of a gas chamber.
Background
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF)6) Gases have been widely used in high and medium voltage electrical equipment due to their excellent insulating and arc extinguishing properties. According to statistics, the sulfur hexafluoride (SF) is used every year in the world6) The gas yield is about 2 ten thousand tons, and about 80 percent of the gas is applied to the power industry. SF along with large-scale construction and commissioning of AC/DC extra-high voltage engineering6The amount of gas used is increasing. But SF6The greenhouse effect of the gas is 23900 times of that of CO2, can exist in the air for 3200 years, and is one of six gases which are prohibited from being discharged by the Kyoto protocol. The sulfur hexafluoride electrical equipment in the power industry is huge in quantity, the gas consumption and the equipment volume (the equipment contains various complex structures and is difficult to estimate through the shape) are not marked on the nameplate of most running equipment, and SF6The gas emission is unknown; SF marked by part of new commissioning equipment nameplate6The gas discharge amount is inaccurate, and the actual operation pressure is generally higher than the rated pressure value, so the accurate data of the gas consumption amount of the sulfur hexafluoride of the electrical equipment is difficult to master, the gas recovery rate cannot be controlled during the overhaul and retirement of the equipment, and the recovery rate does not reach the standardSituations sometimes occur. In order to meet the requirement of gas recovery rate and facilitate field operators and relevant responsible persons to count the recovery rate of gas every time, a sulfur hexafluoride gas weight front-end wireless sensing device capable of knowing the current gas recovery rate on site and remotely is urgently needed.
The prior gas metering device commonly measures SF filled in a vacuumized gas chamber by a weighing method6Gas, determined by measurement of weighing means filled with SF6The total amount of gas is the SF in the current gas chamber6The gas quantity, but the gas metering device can only measure the filled SF6Amount of gas, no determination of the SF in the current gas cell6The total amount of gas, and the gas recovery rate at the time of recovery cannot be determined. For example, the Chinese utility model patent with application number of 201821892226.7 and publication date of 2019, 6 and 76Gas metering device, as shown in fig. 4, specifically includes weighing device 1, mass flow meter 2, self-sealing joint 3, connector 4, pressure regulating needle valve 5, first manometer 6, second manometer 7, heating device 8, gas steel bottle 9. The device can acquire the weight of the gas-discharging steel cylinder, the gas flow, the temperature of the steel cylinder, the equipment pressure before and after operation and other data in real time, and realize the SF6And (4) real-time monitoring and management of gas supplementing data of the electrical equipment and the usage amount of the gas steel cylinder. If the device is used for charging and replenishing air to the vacuumized air chamber, the SF in the air chamber after air replenishing and discharging can be determined according to the weighing device6The amount of gas. In addition, the prior art needs a single flow meter with a large measuring range to detect the gas flow discharged by the gas chamber, and for the single flow meter, the larger the measuring range is, the larger the volume is, the heavier the volume is, and the larger the error of the measured value is. And when the upper limit of the measuring range of the flowmeter is overlarge, if the measuring range ratio of the flowmeter is 1:20, and the minimum value of the measuring range detection is 1/20 of the upper limit of the measuring range, when the gas flow discharged from the gas chamber is reduced to be lower than the lower limit of the measuring range, the flowmeter cannot effectively detect small flow, so that the final measured result deviates from a real numerical value.
Therefore, based on the on-site production requirement, there is a need to develop a method for detecting SF in the air chamber during recovery6A method and apparatus for gas recovery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design the SF based on the shunt method6A method and a device for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of a gas chamber solve the problem that SF in the gas chamber is caused when the gas pressure of the gas chamber is reduced and the gas flow is reduced by adopting a single large-range flow meter in the prior art6The gas recovery rate measurement error is large, and the large-range flow meter has the problems of large volume, heavy weight and inconvenient carrying.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
SF based on shunting method6Gas recovery rate measuring and calculating method of gas chamber, SF applied to flow splitting method6A gas cell gas recovery device, said recovery device comprising: the gas valve comprises a gas inlet (1), a third valve (7), a gas outlet (10), a first gas circuit (C1), a second gas circuit (C2) and a third gas circuit (C3); the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are arranged in parallel; the air inlet (1) is hermetically connected with the input ends of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) which are connected in parallel, and the air outlet (10) is hermetically connected with the output ends of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) which are connected in parallel; the inner cross sections of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are reduced in sequence; SF of the split stream method6The gas recovery method of the gas chamber comprises the following steps: step S1, measuring the flow ratio in the first gas path and the second gas path, and the flow ratio in the second gas path and the third gas path; step S2, measuring the initial density of the gas in the gas chamber; and step S3, calculating the real-time recovery rate.
The inner sectional areas of the first gas path (C1), the second gas path (C2) and the third gas path (C3) designed by the method are sequentially reduced, different gas paths are switched to recover gas according to the pressure change of the gas in the gas chamber, so that the flow of each stage of the gas discharged from the gas chamber can be accurately measured, and the total amount V of the gas discharged from different current gas chambers can be obtained in real time2And measuring the flow ratio in the first gas path and the second gas path, the flow ratio in the second gas path and the third gas path and measuring the initial density of the gas in the gas chamber, thereby calculating the real-time recovery rate.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, a first valve (4) is arranged in the first air path (C1), the input end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with the air inlet (1), and the output end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with the air outlet (10).
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, a second valve (5) and a first flowmeter (6) are arranged in the second air path (C2); the second valve (5) and the first flowmeter (6) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing mode, the input end of the second valve (5) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing mode, and the output end of the first flowmeter (6) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing mode.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, a second flowmeter (8) and a fourth valve (9) are arranged in the third gas path (C3); the second flowmeter (8) and the fourth valve (9) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing manner, the input end of the second flowmeter (8) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing manner, and the output end of the fourth valve (9) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing manner; the input end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the output end of the second valve (5), and the output end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the input end of the fourth valve (9); the range of the second flowmeter (8) is smaller than that of the first flowmeter (6).
As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the method for measuring the flow ratio in the first gas path and the second gas path in step S1 includes: before the recovery device is used, a first valve (4) and a second valve (5) are opened, gas with known flow Q is controlled to be introduced from a gas inlet (1) in advance, and the flow Q of a second gas circuit (C2) is measured through a first flowmeter (6)2The flow rate Q of the first air path (C1)1＝Q-Q2Thereby calculating the flow rate ratio K in the first air passage (C1) and the second air passage (C2)1(ii) a Opening the second valve (5) and the fourth valve (9), controlling the gas to be introduced from the gas inlet (1) in advance, and measuring the flow Q of the second gas circuit (C2) through the first flowmeter (6) and the second flowmeter (8) respectively2And the flow rate Q of the third gas path (C3)3Thereby, the flow rate ratio K in the second gas passage (C2) and the third gas passage (C3) is calculated2。
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the inventionFurthermore, the flow ratio K in the first air passage (C1) and the second air passage (C2)1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
the flow ratio K of the second air passage (C2) to the third air passage (C3)2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein Q is1、Q2、Q3Respectively shows the flow rates in the first air passage (C1), the second air passage (C2) and the third air passage (C3), n1、n2、n3Respectively represents the roughness of the inner wall of the tube of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3), d1、d2、d3Respectively show the pipe inner diameters of a first air passage (C1), a second air passage (C2) and a third air passage (C3), L1、L2、L3The lengths of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are respectively shown.
As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the method for measuring the initial density of the gas in the gas chamber in step S2 includes: closing all valves of the recovery device, connecting the air inlet (1) into the air chamber, connecting the air outlet (10) with the recovery air inlet of the recovery device, detecting the initial values of the pressure and the temperature in the air chamber through the pressure sensor (2) and the temperature sensor (3), and recording the values as P1、T1A 1 is to P1、T1Substituting Beattie-Bridgman empirical formula to obtain: p1＝(RT1B-A)ρ3 2+RT1ρ3Wherein, A is 73.882 × 10-5-5.132105×10-7ρ0，B＝2.50695×10-3-2.12283×10-6ρ0，R＝56.9502×10-5，ρ0Is SF in standard state6Obtaining the gas density rho in the gas chamber at the moment3。
As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the method for calculating the real-time recovery rate in step S3 includes:
1) closing the first valve (4) and the second valve (5), controlling to stop the recovery device, and obtaining the gas pressure and temperature value P in the gas chamber when the pressure sensor (2) and the temperature sensor (3) detect the gas pressure and temperature value P after the gas pressure and temperature value P are stabilized2、T2A 1 is to P2、T2Substituting the gas density into a Beattie-Bridgman empirical formula to calculate the gas density rho in the gas chamber at the moment4Then the recovery rate H of the gas in the gas chamber at this time1＝(ρ3-ρ4)/ρ3；
2) And recording the total amount V of gas discharged from the gas chamber at the moment1Known as SF6Density is rho0Calculating the volume V of the air chamber with the formula of m ═ ρ V0×V1/(ρ3-ρ4)；
3) Controlling the recovery device to restart to continue to recover the gas and acquiring the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber in real time2Then the real-time recovery rate H of the gas in the gas chamber2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
as a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber is obtained in real time2There are three cases:
1) when the value detected by the first flowmeter (6) is within the range of the range, the first valve (4) and the second valve (5) are opened at the same time, the recovery device is controlled to start to recover gas, gas in the gas chamber is divided from the gas inlet (1) and enters the first gas circuit (C1) and the second gas circuit (C2), the gas entering the first gas circuit (C1) flows through the first valve (4), the gas entering the second gas circuit (C2) flows through the second valve (5) and the first flowmeter (6), and the two paths of gas are finally merged and flow into the recovery device from the gas outlet (10) for recovery; the first flowmeter (6) measures the flow Q of the second gas path (C2)2The flow Q of the first air path (C1) is obtained by the formula (3)1＝K1*Q2Then the total flow rate Q of the gas discharged from the gas chamber in real time at this stage1’＝(K1+1)*Q2Uploading the measured data to a data processing terminal by adopting Q1' real-time integral calculation is carried out to obtain the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber2；
2) When the value detected by the first flowmeter (6) reaches the lower limit of the measuring range, at the moment, the first valve (4) is closed, the fourth valve (9) is opened, the gas in the gas chamber is divided from the gas inlet (1) and enters the second gas path (C2) and the third gas path (C3), the gas entering the second gas path (C2) flows through the second valve (5) and the first flowmeter (6), the gas entering the third gas path (C3) flows through the second flowmeter (8) and the fourth valve (9), and the two paths of gas are finally merged and flow into the recovery device from the gas outlet (10) for recovery; the first flowmeter (6) measures the flow Q of the second gas path (C2)2The flow Q of the second air path (C2) is obtained by the formula (4)2＝K2*Q3Then the total flow rate Q of the gas discharged from the gas chamber in real time at this stage2’＝(K2+1)*Q3Uploading the measured data to a data processing terminal by adopting Q2' real-time integral calculation is carried out to obtain the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber2；
3) When the value detected by the second flowmeter (8) reaches the lower limit of the measuring range, closing the second valve (5) and the fourth valve (9), opening the third valve (7), enabling the gas in the gas chamber to enter a third gas path (C3), enabling the gas to flow through the second flowmeter (8) and the third valve (7) to enter a second gas path (C2), and enabling the gas to flow through the first flowmeter (6) and flow into a recovery device from a gas outlet 10 for recovery; the second flowmeter (8) measures the gas flow Q in the third gas path (C3)3Upload to data processing terminal instead of Q2', using Q3The total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber is obtained by real-time integration2。
SF based on shunting method6Gas cell gas recovery device, comprising: the gas valve comprises a gas inlet (1), a third valve (7), a gas outlet (10), a first gas circuit (C1), a second gas circuit (C2) and a third gas circuit (C3); the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are arranged in parallel; the air inlet (1) is hermetically connected with the first air passage (C1) and the second air passage (C1)The gas outlet (10) is hermetically connected with the output ends of the first gas circuit (C1), the second gas circuit (C2) and the third gas circuit (C3) which are connected in parallel; a first valve (4) is arranged in the first air path (C1), the input end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with the air inlet (1), and the output end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with the air outlet (10); a second valve (5) and a first flowmeter (6) are arranged in the second air path (C2); the second valve (5) and the first flowmeter (6) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing manner, the input end of the second valve (5) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing manner, and the output end of the first flowmeter (6) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing manner; a second flowmeter (8) and a fourth valve (9) are arranged in the third gas path (C3); the second flowmeter (8) and the fourth valve (9) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing manner, the input end of the second flowmeter (8) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing manner, and the output end of the fourth valve (9) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing manner; the input end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the output end of the second valve (5), and the output end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the input end of the fourth valve (9); the inner sectional areas of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are sequentially reduced, and the range of the second flowmeter (8) is smaller than that of the first flowmeter (6).
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the inner sectional areas of the first gas path (C1), the second gas path (C2) and the third gas path (C3) designed by the method are sequentially reduced, different gas paths are switched to recover gas according to the pressure change of the gas in the gas chamber, so that the flow of each stage of the gas discharged from the gas chamber can be accurately measured, and the total amount V of the gas discharged from different current gas chambers can be obtained in real time2Measuring the flow ratio in the first gas path and the second gas path, the flow ratio in the second gas path and the third gas path and the initial density of the gas in the gas chamber; thereby calculating the real-time recovery rate.
(2) Compared with the flowmeter directly installed on the first gas path (C1), the first flowmeter (6) and the second flowmeter (8) which have a large range and a small range are adopted by the device, the requirement of the flowmeter range is reduced in a multiple manner, the cost of the device is greatly saved, the size and the weight of the whole device are reduced, the carrying burden is reduced, and the testing precision of the small-range flowmeter is higher, so that the testing precision of the device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows an SF of a flow splitting method according to a first embodiment of the present invention6The structure diagram of the gas chamber gas recovery device;
FIG. 2 is an SF data flow based on the split method according to the second embodiment of the present invention6A flow chart of a gas recovery rate measuring and calculating method of a gas chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the specific embodiments in the specification:
example one
As shown in FIG. 1, SF of a split method6Gas cell gas recovery device, comprising: the device comprises an air inlet 1, a pressure sensor 2, a temperature sensor 3, a first valve 4, a second valve 5, a first flowmeter 6, a third valve 7, a second flowmeter 8, a fourth valve 9 and an air outlet 10. The gas inlet 1, the second valve 5, the first flowmeter 6 and the gas outlet 10 are sequentially connected in series in a head-to-tail sealing mode through pipelines, and the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3 are respectively arranged on the pipeline between the gas inlet 1 and the second valve 5 in a sealing mode; the input end of the first valve 4 is hermetically connected with the input end of the second valve 5 through a pipeline, and the output end of the first valve 4 is hermetically connected with the output end of the first flowmeter 6 through a pipeline; after the second flowmeter 8 and the fourth valve 9 are hermetically connected in series end to end through a pipeline, the input end of the second flowmeter 8 is hermetically connected with the input end of the second valve 5 through a pipeline, and the output end of the fourth valve 9 is hermetically connected with the output end of the first flowmeter 6The outlet ends are hermetically connected through a pipeline; the input end of the third valve 7 is hermetically connected with the output end of the second valve 5 through a pipeline, and the output end of the third valve 7 is hermetically connected with the input end of the fourth valve 9 through a pipeline.
The gas circuit in which the first valve 4 is located is a first gas circuit C1, the gas circuits in which the second valve 5 and the first flow meter 6 are located are a second gas circuit C2, the gas circuits in which the second flow meter 8 and the fourth valve 9 are located are a third gas circuit C3, and the inner sectional areas of the first gas circuit C1, the second gas circuit C2 and the third gas circuit C3 are sequentially reduced.
The first valve 4, the second valve 5, the third valve 7 and the fourth valve 9 are all electromagnetic valves, the electromagnetic valves are connected with the data processing terminal, and the data processing terminal controls the electromagnetic valves to be opened and closed.
The first flow meter 6 is a wide range flow meter and the second flow meter 8 is a small range flow meter, which is more accurate than a wide range flow meter.
The device adopts a first flowmeter 6 and a second flowmeter 8 with a large and small range to form three gas paths, namely a first gas path C1, a second gas path C2 and a third gas path C3; when the pressure in the air chamber is high and the value detected by the first flow meter 6 is within the range of the measuring range, the first air path C1 and the second air path C2 are simultaneously opened for gas recovery, the first flow meter 6 is adopted to measure the gas flow of the second air path C2, and the gas flow of the first air path C1 is calculated by measuring the flow ratio between the first air path C1 and the second air path C2; when the pressure in the air chamber drops and the value detected by the first flowmeter 6 reaches the lower limit of the range, if the first flowmeter 6 is continuously used for detection, because the air flow is small and the measurement error is large, the second air path C2 and the third air path C3 are started simultaneously for air recovery, the air flow of the second air path C3 of the second flowmeter 8 is used, and the air flow of the second air path C2 is calculated by the measured flow ratio between the second air path C2 and the third air path C3; when the pressure in the air chamber continues to drop and the value detected by the second flowmeter 8 reaches the lower limit of the measuring range, the third air path C3 is independently opened for gas recovery; according to the pressure change of the gas in the gas chamber, different gas paths are switched to recover the gas, so that the flow of each stage of the gas discharged from the gas chamber can be accurately measured.
Example two
SF based on the split method, as shown in FIG. 26A method of gas recovery from a gas cell, comprising the steps of:
1. determining flow ratio between gas paths
The relationship between flow rate and pressure difference, and the pipe diameter is known as follows:
S＝10.3×n2/d5.33 (2)
in the formula: q-flow, m3S; delta P is the pressure difference between two ends of the pipeline, Pa; rho-density, kg/m3(ii) a g-acceleration of gravity, m/s2(ii) a S, friction resistance of the pipeline; n-roughness of the inner wall of the pipe; d is the inner diameter of the pipe, m; l is the length of the pipeline, m.
Because the pressure difference before and after the first air path C1, the second air path C2 and the third air path C3 are consistent, the flow ratio K in the first air path C1 and the second air path C21The flow rate ratio K in the second air passage C2 and the third air passage C32The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein Q is1、Q2、Q3Respectively indicate the flow rates in the first air passage C1, the second air passage C2 and the third air passage C3, and n1、n2、n3Respectively represent the roughness of the inner wall of the tube, d, of the first, second and third gas paths C1, C2 and C31、d2、d3Respectively represent the inner diameters of the tubes, L, of the first air passage C1, the second air passage C2 and the third air passage C31、L2、L3The lengths of the first air passage C1, the second air passage C2 and the third air passage C3 are respectively indicated.
All the parameters in the formula (3) and the formula (4) are fixed values in the fixed forming device, namely the flow ratio K in the first air passage C1 and the second air passage C21A fixed value, the flow ratio K in the second air passage C2 and the third air passage C32Is a fixed value.
Before the device is used, the first valve 4 and the second valve 5 are opened, gas with known flow rate Q is controlled to be introduced from the gas inlet 1 in advance, and the flow rate Q of the second gas circuit C2 is measured through the first flow meter 62The flow rate Q of the first air passage C11＝Q-Q2Thereby calculating the flow rate ratio K in the first air passage C1 and the second air passage C21(ii) a The second valve 5 and the fourth valve 9 are opened, gas is controlled to be introduced from the gas inlet 1 in advance, and the flow Q of the second gas path C2 is measured through the first flow meter 6 and the second flow meter 8 respectively2And the flow rate Q of the third gas path C33Thereby calculating the flow rate ratio K in the second air passage C2 and the third air passage C32。
The flow ratio between two gas paths by the flow dividing method is not suitable for being too large, and the flow ratio is not suitable for being too large, so that the system error existing in the small-flow gas path can be amplified, and therefore, the flow ratio K between the gas paths is required to be controlled1、K2The value of (A) is in the range of 3 to 10.
2. The first recovery stage
2.1 measurement of initial Density of gas in gas Chamber
Closing all valves of the device, connecting the air inlet 1 into the air chamber, connecting the air outlet 10 with the recovery air inlet of the recovery device, detecting the initial values of the pressure and the temperature in the air chamber through the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3, and recording the values as P1、T1A 1 is to P1、T1Substituting Beattie-Bridgman empirical formula to obtain: p1＝(RT1B-A)ρ3 2+RT1ρ3Wherein, A is 73.882 × 10-5-5.132105×10-7ρ0，B＝2.50695×10-3-2.12283×10-6ρ0，R＝56.9502×10-5，ρ0Is SF in standard state6Obtaining the gas density rho in the gas chamber at the moment3。
2.2, starting the device to recover
Simultaneously, the first valve 4 and the second valve 5 are opened, the recovery device is controlled to start to recover gas, the gas in the gas chamber is divided from the gas inlet 1 and enters the first gas circuit C1 and the second gas circuit C2, the gas entering the first gas circuit C1 flows through the first valve 4, the gas entering the second gas circuit C2 flows through the second valve 5 and the first flowmeter 6, and the two paths of gas are finally merged and flow into the recovery device from the gas outlet 10 for recovery. The first flow meter 6 measures the flow Q of the second air path C22The flow Q of the first air passage C1 is obtained by the formula (3)1＝K1*Q2Then the total flow rate Q of the gas discharged from the gas chamber in real time at this stage1’＝(K1+1)*Q2Uploading the measured data to a data processing terminal by adopting Q1' real-time integral calculation is carried out to obtain the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber2。
The method for calculating the real-time integral comprises the following steps: for example, if the integration time interval t is 0.1s, the total amount of gas discharged from the gas chamber in 0.1s is equal to 0.1s multiplied by the total flow Q of gas discharged from the gas chamber in real time1' the data processing terminal continuously calculates and accumulates at equal time intervals to finally obtain the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber2。
2.3 calculating the recovery rate of the gas in the gas chamber
Closing the first valve 4 and the second valve 5, controlling to stop the recovery device, and obtaining the gas pressure and temperature value P in the gas chamber when the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3 detect the gas pressure and temperature value P after the gas pressure and temperature value P are stabilized2、T2A 1 is to P2、T2Substituting the gas density into a Beattie-Bridgman empirical formula to calculate the gas density rho in the gas chamber at the moment4Then the recovery rate H of the gas in the gas chamber at this time1＝(ρ3-ρ4)/ρ3And recording the total amount V of gas discharged from the gas chamber1。
2.4 calibrating the volume of the air chamber
Known as SF6Density is rho0＝6.1kg/m3Calculating the volume V of the air chamber with the formula of m ═ ρ V0×V1/(ρ3-ρ4)。
2.5 calculating the real-time recovery rate
Opening the first valve 4 and the second valve 5 again, controlling the recovery device to start again to continue to recover the gas, and repeating the step 2.3 to obtain the total gas amount V discharged by the current gas chamber in the current recovery process2Then the real-time recovery rate H of the gas in the gas chamber2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
3. second recovery stage
Along with the continuous release of the gas in the gas chamber, the pressure in the gas chamber is continuously reduced, and the flow of the released gas is continuously reduced. When the first flowmeter 6 detects that the numerical value is close to the lower limit of the measuring range, the first valve 4 is closed, the fourth valve 9 is opened, the gas in the gas chamber is divided from the gas inlet 1 and enters the second gas circuit C2 and the third gas circuit C3, the gas entering the second gas circuit C2 flows through the second valve 5 and the first flowmeter 6, the gas entering the third gas circuit C3 flows through the second flowmeter 8 and the fourth valve 9, and the two gases are finally merged and flow into the recovery device from the gas outlet 10 for recovery. The first flow meter 6 measures the flow Q of the second air path C22The flow rate Q of the second air path C2 is obtained by the formula (4)2＝K2*Q3Then the total flow rate Q of the gas discharged from the gas chamber in real time at this stage2’＝(K2+1)*Q3Uploading the measured data to a data processing terminal by adopting Q2' real-time integral calculation is carried out to obtain the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber2。
4. Third recovery stage
At the moment, the pressure in the air chamber is still continuously reduced, and the flow of the discharged gas is continuously reduced. When the second flowmeter 8 detects that the numerical value is close to the lower limit of the measuring range, the second valve 5 and the fourth valve 9 are closed, the third valve 7 is opened, the gas in the gas chamber enters a third gas path C3, flows through the second flowmeter 8 and the third valve 7 and enters a second gas pathAnd C2, flowing through the first flowmeter 6, flowing into the recovery device from the gas outlet 10 for recovery. The second flow meter 8 measures the gas flow Q in the third gas path C33Upload to data processing terminal instead of Q2', using Q3The total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber is obtained by real-time integration2. When the recovery rate H of the gas in the gas chamber2And after the recovery rate requirement is met, closing the third valve 7. The final total amount V of the gas discharged from the gas chamber can be obtained2Recovery rate H of gas in gas chamber2。
5. Calibration of a flow meter
When the first flowmeter 6 needs to be calibrated by the second flowmeter 8, a group of data Q measured by the first flowmeter 6 and the second flowmeter 8 in the second recovery stage is recorded respectively5、Q6And a group of data Q measured by the first flowmeter 6 and the second flowmeter 8 in the third recovery stage7、Q8(ii) a According to two points (Q)5，K2*Q6)，(Q7，Q8) Calculating a linear equation:
where x represents pre-calibration data of the first flow meter 6 and y represents post-calibration data of the first flow meter 6.
When the device is used later, the first flowmeter 6 is calibrated according to the formula (6), and then the total amount of gas discharged from the gas chamber is obtained through real-time integration.
Typical flowmeters have a span ratio of 1: 20. E.g. a maximum gas flow of 20m from the chamber at the beginning3The flow ratio of the first gas path to the second gas path is 9:1 (K)19), the maximum flow in the second gas path is 2m3The selectable range is 0.1-2.0m3The flow meter of/h is used as the first flow meter 6.
When the pressure in the air chamber is reduced to a certain value, the first flowmeter 6 detects that the value is close to 0.1m3At the time of/h, the total flow of the gas discharged from the gas chamber is slightly more than 1m3H, closing the first valve, opening the fourth valve,the second flowmeter 8 measures the gas flow Q in the third gas path3And multiplied by (K)2+1) Total flow Q of gas released from the gas chamber in real time2' upload to data processing terminal instead of Q1' real-time integration is carried out to obtain the total gas volume V discharged by the current gas chamber2(ii) a For example, the flow ratio of the second air passage to the third air passage is K2When the maximum value of the gas flow in the third gas path is larger than 0.25m at the moment3H, the selectable range is 0.025-0.5m3The flow meter of/h is used as the second flow meter.
The pressure in the air chamber is reduced to a certain value, and the second flowmeter detects that the flow value is close to 0.025m3After the second valve and the fourth valve are closed, the third valve is opened, and the second flow meter measures the gas flow Q in the third gas path3Upload to data processing terminal instead of Q2' real-time integration is carried out to obtain the total gas volume V discharged by the current gas chamber2。
Until recovery is complete. The first flowmeter is automatically calibrated by utilizing the data in the last recovery process in the subsequent recovery work, so that the error of the first flowmeter is prevented from being overlarge, and the measuring and calculating result is more accurate.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. SF based on shunting method6The method for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of the gas chamber is characterized in that the method is applied to the SF of the flow splitting method6A gas cell gas recovery device, said recovery device comprising: the gas valve comprises a gas inlet (1), a third valve (7), a gas outlet (10), a first gas circuit (C1), a second gas circuit (C2) and a third gas circuit (C3); the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are arranged in parallel; air inlet (1) sealThe air outlet (10) is connected with the parallel input ends of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3), and the parallel output ends of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) in a sealing mode; the inner cross sections of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are reduced in sequence; SF of the split stream method6The gas recovery method of the gas chamber comprises the following steps: step S1, measuring the flow ratio in the first gas path and the second gas path, and the flow ratio in the second gas path and the third gas path; step S2, measuring the initial density of the gas in the gas chamber; and step S3, calculating the real-time recovery rate.
2. SF according to claim 1 based on split method6The method for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of the gas chamber is characterized in that a first valve (4) is arranged in a first gas path (C1), the input end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with a gas inlet (1), and the output end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with a gas outlet (10).
3. SF according to claim 2 based on split method6The method for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of the gas chamber is characterized in that a second valve (5) and a first flowmeter (6) are arranged in a second gas path (C2); the second valve (5) and the first flowmeter (6) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing mode, the input end of the second valve (5) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing mode, and the output end of the first flowmeter (6) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing mode.
4. SF according to claim 3 based on split method6The method for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of the gas chamber is characterized in that a second flowmeter (8) and a fourth valve (9) are arranged in a third gas path (C3); the second flowmeter (8) and the fourth valve (9) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing manner, the input end of the second flowmeter (8) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing manner, and the output end of the fourth valve (9) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing manner; the input end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the output end of the second valve (5), and the output end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the input end of the fourth valve (9); the range of the second flowmeter (8) is smaller than that of the first flowmeter(6) The range of (c).
5. SF according to claim 4 based on split method6The method for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of the gas chamber is characterized in that the method for measuring the flow ratio in the first gas path and the second gas path in the step S1 is as follows: before the recovery device is used, a first valve (4) and a second valve (5) are opened, gas with known flow Q is controlled to be introduced from a gas inlet (1) in advance, and the flow Q of a second gas circuit (C2) is measured through a first flowmeter (6)2The flow rate Q of the first air path (C1)1＝Q-Q2Thereby calculating the flow rate ratio K in the first air passage (C1) and the second air passage (C2)1(ii) a Opening the second valve (5) and the fourth valve (9), controlling the gas to be introduced from the gas inlet (1) in advance, and measuring the flow Q of the second gas circuit (C2) through the first flowmeter (6) and the second flowmeter (8) respectively2And the flow rate Q of the third gas path (C3)3Thereby, the flow rate ratio K in the second gas passage (C2) and the third gas passage (C3) is calculated2。
6. SF according to claim 5 based on split method6The gas recovery method of the gas chamber is characterized in that the flow ratio K of the first gas path (C1) and the second gas path (C2)1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
the flow ratio K of the second air passage (C2) to the third air passage (C3)2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein Q is1、Q2、Q3Respectively shows the flow rates in the first air passage (C1), the second air passage (C2) and the third air passage (C3), n1、n2、n3Respectively represents the roughness of the inner wall of the tube of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3), d1、d2、d3Respectively show the pipe inner diameters of a first air passage (C1), a second air passage (C2) and a third air passage (C3), L1、L2、L3The lengths of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are respectively shown.
7. SF according to claim 4 based on split method6The method for measuring the gas recovery rate in the gas cell is characterized in that the method for measuring the initial density of the gas in the gas cell in step S2 is: closing all valves of the recovery device, connecting the air inlet (1) into the air chamber, connecting the air outlet (10) with the recovery air inlet of the recovery device, detecting the initial values of the pressure and the temperature in the air chamber through the pressure sensor (2) and the temperature sensor (3), and recording the values as P1、T1A 1 is to P1、T1Substituting Beattie-Bridgman empirical formula to obtain: p1＝(RT1B-A)ρ3 2+RT1ρ3Wherein, A is 73.882 × 10-5-5.132105×10-7ρ0，B＝2.50695×10-3-2.12283×10-6ρ0，R＝56.9502×10-5，ρ0Is SF in standard state6Obtaining the gas density rho in the gas chamber at the moment3。
8. SF according to claim 4 based on split method6The method for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of the gas chamber is characterized in that the method for calculating the real-time recovery rate in the step S3 comprises the following steps:
1) closing the first valve (4) and the second valve (5), controlling to stop the recovery device, and obtaining the gas pressure and temperature value P in the gas chamber when the pressure sensor (2) and the temperature sensor (3) detect the gas pressure and temperature value P after the gas pressure and temperature value P are stabilized2、T2A 1 is to P2、T2Substituting the gas density into a Beattie-Bridgman empirical formula to calculate the gas density rho in the gas chamber at the moment4Then the recovery rate H of the gas in the gas chamber at this time1＝(ρ3-ρ4)/ρ3；
2) And recording the total amount V of gas discharged from the gas chamber at the moment1Known as SF6Density is rho0Calculating the volume V of the air chamber with the formula of m ═ ρ V0×V1/(ρ3-ρ4)；
3) Controlling the recovery device to restart to continue to recover the gas and acquiring the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber in real time2Then the real-time recovery rate H of the gas in the gas chamber2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
9. SF according to claim 8 based on split method6The method for measuring and calculating the gas recovery rate of the gas chamber is characterized in that the total amount V of the gas discharged from the current gas chamber is obtained in real time2There are three cases:
1) when the value detected by the first flowmeter (6) is within the range of the range, the first valve (4) and the second valve (5) are opened at the same time, the recovery device is controlled to start to recover gas, gas in the gas chamber is divided from the gas inlet (1) and enters the first gas circuit (C1) and the second gas circuit (C2), the gas entering the first gas circuit (C1) flows through the first valve (4), the gas entering the second gas circuit (C2) flows through the second valve (5) and the first flowmeter (6), and the two paths of gas are finally merged and flow into the recovery device from the gas outlet (10) for recovery; the first flowmeter (6) measures the flow Q of the second gas path (C2)2The flow Q of the first air path (C1) is obtained by the formula (3)1＝K1*Q2Then the total flow rate Q of the gas discharged from the gas chamber in real time at this stage1’＝(K1+1)*Q2Uploading the measured data to a data processing terminal by adopting Q1' real-time integral calculation is carried out to obtain the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber2；
2) When the value detected by the first flowmeter (6) reaches the lower limit of the measuring range, the first valve (4) is closed, the fourth valve (9) is opened, and the gas in the gas chamber is shunted into the gas chamber from the gas inlet (1)The gas enters a second gas circuit (C2) and a third gas circuit (C3), the gas entering the second gas circuit (C2) flows through a second valve (5) and a first flowmeter (6), the gas entering the third gas circuit (C3) flows through a second flowmeter (8) and a fourth valve (9), and the two paths of gas are finally merged and flow into a recovery device from a gas outlet (10) for recovery; the first flowmeter (6) measures the flow Q of the second gas path (C2)2The flow Q of the second air path (C2) is obtained by the formula (4)2＝K2*Q3Then the total flow rate Q of the gas discharged from the gas chamber in real time at this stage2’＝(K2+1)*Q3Uploading the measured data to a data processing terminal by adopting Q2' real-time integral calculation is carried out to obtain the total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber2；
3) When the value detected by the second flowmeter (8) reaches the lower limit of the measuring range, closing the second valve (5) and the fourth valve (9), opening the third valve (7), enabling the gas in the gas chamber to enter a third gas path (C3), enabling the gas to flow through the second flowmeter (8) and the third valve (7) to enter a second gas path (C2), and enabling the gas to flow through the first flowmeter (6) and flow into a recovery device from a gas outlet 10 for recovery; the second flowmeter (8) measures the gas flow Q in the third gas path (C3)3Upload to data processing terminal instead of Q2', using Q3The total amount V of the gas discharged by the current gas chamber is obtained by real-time integration2。
10. SF based on shunting method6Gas chamber gas recovery unit, its characterized in that includes: the gas valve comprises a gas inlet (1), a third valve (7), a gas outlet (10), a first gas circuit (C1), a second gas circuit (C2) and a third gas circuit (C3); the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are arranged in parallel; the air inlet (1) is hermetically connected with the input ends of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) which are connected in parallel, and the air outlet (10) is hermetically connected with the output ends of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) which are connected in parallel; a first valve (4) is arranged in the first air path (C1), the input end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with the air inlet (1), and the output end of the first valve (4) is hermetically connected with the air outlet (10); a second valve (5) and a first flowmeter (6) are arranged in the second air path (C2); second oneThe valve (5) and the first flowmeter (6) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing manner, the input end of the second valve (5) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing manner, and the output end of the first flowmeter (6) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing manner; a second flowmeter (8) and a fourth valve (9) are arranged in the third gas path (C3); the second flowmeter (8) and the fourth valve (9) are sequentially connected in series end to end in a sealing manner, the input end of the second flowmeter (8) is connected with the air inlet (1) in a sealing manner, and the output end of the fourth valve (9) is connected with the air outlet (10) in a sealing manner; the input end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the output end of the second valve (5), and the output end of the third valve (7) is hermetically connected with the input end of the fourth valve (9); the inner sectional areas of the first air path (C1), the second air path (C2) and the third air path (C3) are sequentially reduced, and the range of the second flowmeter (8) is smaller than that of the first flowmeter (6).
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