CN113503565A - Contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for micro turbine engine - Google Patents
Contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for micro turbine engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113503565A CN113503565A CN202110772603.3A CN202110772603A CN113503565A CN 113503565 A CN113503565 A CN 113503565A CN 202110772603 A CN202110772603 A CN 202110772603A CN 113503565 A CN113503565 A CN 113503565A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/30—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices
- F23R3/32—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices being tubular
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- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for a micro turbine engine, which relates to the technical field of combustion chambers of the micro engine, wherein the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe and a turbine guider are of an integrated structure and are used for spraying an oil-gas mixture obtained by mixing and atomizing fuel oil and air into a flame tube, and the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe comprises an evaporating pipe outer ring and an evaporating pipe inner ring which are connected with the turbine guider and are of an integrated structure; the contraction and expansion section consists of an annular concave part and an annular convex part and is used for changing the flow rate and pressure of fuel oil so as to fully atomize the fuel oil, the contraction and expansion section comprises a contraction section with a contraction angle alpha of 15-25 degrees for reducing the pressure and the speed of the oil-gas mixture, and an expansion section with an expansion angle beta of 20-30 degrees for increasing the pressure and the speed of the oil-gas mixture. The invention and the turbine guider are of an integrated structure, the assembly of the engine can be simplified, the front and back coaxiality of the engine is improved, and the sufficient atomization of air to fuel oil is realized through the change of the speed and the pressure of an oil-gas mixture in a contraction and expansion section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro engine combustion chambers, and particularly relates to a contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for a micro turbine engine.
Background
In recent years, micro power systems have become a focus of domestic research, and micro turbine engines mostly adopt an evaporation tube type combustor and an integral turbine guide, wherein the evaporation tube is used for fully mixing, atomizing and evaporating fuel oil, and the turbine guide has the function of reducing the temperature and the pressure of combustion gas.
In the prior art, 10-18 evaporating pipes and turbine guides of a micro turbine engine are uniformly fixed on a support ring by welding, and the number of the guides is 10-18, wherein the guides are connected with a mounting ring and a flame tube by overlapping. The evaporating pipe is formed by adding a pipe machine, the supporting ring is formed by adding a bar machine, and the turbine guider is formed by machining after integral casting.
At present, when an engine is assembled, the tail of a flame tube is connected with a turbine guider, the coaxiality of the turbine guider and the head of the flame tube is poor, and the assembly efficiency of the engine is seriously affected. The evaporation pipe is of a straight-tube uniform wall thickness type structure, and the evaporation rate of fuel in the evaporation pipe is low, and the fuel is not fully mixed with air, so that atomization is not ideal. And because a plurality of evaporating pipes adopt argon arc welding mode to link to each other with the support ring, equipartition is in annular combustion chamber, and the welding can lead to evaporating pipe air inlet to have the scar of different degrees for the air mass flow that gets into each evaporating pipe is inconsistent, influences the oil-gas mixture concentration in every evaporating pipe. There is great space between the adjacent evaporating pipe body, can cause the interior oil distribution of flame tube inhomogeneous, have local high temperature hotspot when fuel steam gets into the flame tube from a plurality of evaporating pipe exits, lead to combustion chamber export temperature distribution inhomogeneous, influence combustion chamber and turbine life-span.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a converging-diverging annular evaporator tube for a micro turbine engine to solve the problems set forth above in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for a micro turbine engine and a turbine guider which are of an integrated structure, and the problems that in the prior art, the engine is complex in assembly, the oil-gas mixing uniformity of the evaporating pipe is poor, the fuel atomization evaporation rate in the evaporating pipe is low, the combustion efficiency of a combustion chamber is low, the temperature distribution of an outlet of the combustion chamber is uneven and the like are solved.
According to one aspect of the invention, a contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for a micro turbine engine is provided, the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe and a turbine guider are of an integrated structure and are used for spraying fuel oil and air into a flame tube after being mixed and atomized, the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe comprises an evaporating pipe outer ring, the evaporating pipe outer ring is integrally in a round table shape and is hollow in the inner part, one end of a large round opening of the evaporating pipe outer ring is connected with the turbine guider and is of an integrated structure, and one end, close to the turbine guider, of the evaporating pipe outer ring is provided with an annular concave part; the inner ring of the evaporation tube is integrally in a round platform shape, is equidistant from the outer ring of the evaporation tube and is internally hollow, one end of a large round opening of the inner ring of the evaporation tube is connected with the turbine guider and is of an integrated structure, and one end of the inner ring of the evaporation tube, which is close to the turbine guider, is provided with an annular protruding part matched with the annular recessed part; the fuel atomizing device comprises a converging-diverging section consisting of an annular concave part and an annular convex part and used for changing the flow rate and the pressure of fuel so as to fully atomize the fuel.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the structure of the small circular opening of the outer ring of the evaporation tube and the small circular opening of the inner ring of the evaporation tube comprises a full-through structure and a half-through structure.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the integrated structures between the outer ring of the evaporating pipe and the inner ring of the evaporating pipe and the turbine guider are formed by an additive manufacturing technology, so that the problem that the turbine guider or the flame tube needs to be repaired during the assembly of the engine due to poor coaxiality of the turbine guider and the head of the flame tube when the tail of the flame tube is connected with the turbine guider in the assembly process of the engine can be avoided.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, when the structure of the small circular opening of the outer ring of the evaporation tube and the structure of the small circular opening of the inner ring of the evaporation tube are half-through, the contraction and expansion type annular evaporation tube has an outlet end face, and a plurality of oil injection holes are uniformly distributed on the outlet end face.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the number of the oil injection holes is at least 2, the number of the oil injection holes in any one row is at least 30, the oil injection holes in any two adjacent rows are distributed in a staggered manner, and the diameter of the oil injection hole is at least 0.2 mm.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the convergent-divergent section comprises a convergent section close to the turbine guide, an divergent section close to the outlet end face and a throat between the convergent section and the divergent section, the convergent section and the divergent section being at equal axial distances.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the distance L1 between one end of the convergent-divergent section close to the turbine guide and the turbine guide is 7mm-12mm, and the total length L2 of the convergent-divergent section is 8mm-20 mm.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the contraction angle α of the contraction section is 15 ° to 25 °, and the expansion angle β of the expansion section is 20 ° to 30 °.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the throat has a height H of 2mm to 4 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe and the turbine guider are integrated, so that the assembly of the engine can be simplified, and the front and rear coaxiality of the engine can be improved.
2. The contraction and expansion section of the contraction and expansion type annular evaporation tube realizes the full atomization of fuel oil by air through the change of the speed and the pressure of an oil-gas mixture in the contraction and expansion section.
3. The small holes on the outlet end face of the annular evaporation tube are uniformly distributed on the whole wall surface, and the oil-gas mixture is sprayed from the small holes and enters the flame tube and is uniformly distributed in the main combustion area of the whole annular flame tube, so that local oil-rich points and local high-temperature points are reduced, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the nonuniformity of the outlet temperature distribution of the combustion chamber is improved.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a converging-diverging annular evaporator tube for a microturbine engine;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at B;
FIG. 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a converging-diverging annular evaporator tube for a micro turbine engine.
In the figure: 1. an outer ring of the evaporating pipe; 2. an inner ring of the evaporating pipe; 3. an outlet end face; 301. an oil spray hole; 4. a contraction and expansion section; 401. a contraction section; 402. an expansion section; 403. a throat; 5. a turbine guide.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the specification, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the general inventive concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in schematic form in order to simplify the drawing.
According to a general technical concept of the invention, a contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for a micro turbine engine is provided, the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe and a turbine guider 5 are of an integrated structure and are used for mixing and atomizing fuel oil and air and then spraying the fuel oil and the air into a flame tube, the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe comprises an evaporating pipe outer ring 1, the evaporating pipe outer ring 1 is integrally in a circular table shape and is hollow in the inner part, one end of a large circular opening of the evaporating pipe outer ring 1 is connected with the turbine guider 5 and is of an integrated structure, and one end, close to the turbine guider 5, of the evaporating pipe outer ring 1 is provided with an annular concave part; the evaporation tube inner ring 2 is integrally in a truncated cone shape, is equidistant from the evaporation tube outer ring 1, is hollow inside, one end of a large round opening of the evaporation tube inner ring 2 is connected with the turbine guider 5 and is of an integrated structure, and one end of the evaporation tube inner ring 2, which is close to the turbine guider 5, is provided with an annular protruding part matched with the annular depressed part; and the convergent-divergent section 4 is composed of an annular concave part and an annular convex part, and is used for changing the flow rate and the pressure of the fuel so as to fully atomize the fuel.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the structure of the small round mouth of the outer ring 1 of the evaporating tube and the small round mouth of the inner ring 2 of the evaporating tube includes a full-through structure and a half-through structure, the small round mouth of the outer ring 1 of the evaporating tube and the small round mouth of the inner ring 2 of the evaporating tube are both located in the flame tube, and when the structure of the small round mouth of the outer ring 1 of the evaporating tube and the small round mouth of the inner ring 2 of the evaporating tube is the full-through structure, atomized fuel oil generated by the contraction-expansion type annular evaporating tube is directly introduced into the flame tube; when the structure of the small round opening of the outer ring 1 of the evaporating pipe and the small round opening of the inner ring 2 of the evaporating pipe is half-through, an outlet end face 3 is arranged, atomized fuel oil generated by the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe generates a high-pressure environment in the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe through the outlet end face 3, and the speed of the atomized fuel oil passing through the outlet end face 3 is increased.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a converging-diverging annular evaporator tube for a microturbine engine. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at a. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at B. FIG. 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a converging-diverging annular evaporator tube for a micro turbine engine.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the first embodiment of the outlet end surface 3 of the present invention, the structure of the small round opening of the outer ring 1 of the evaporating pipe and the small round opening of the inner ring 2 of the evaporating pipe is a half-through, the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe has the outlet end surface 3, and the outlet end surface 3 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of oil spray holes 301 so as to make the atomized fuel oil entering the flame tube more uniform.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the oil spout hole 301 is set to 2 rows at least, and the oil spout hole 301 quantity of arbitrary row is equipped with 30 at least, and the oil spout hole 301 of arbitrary two adjacent rows is the dislocation distribution and makes the atomizing fuel evenly get into in the flame tube, and the diameter of the circular port of oil spout hole 301 is 0.2mm at least.
Preferably, in practical use, in this embodiment, the number of the oil spray holes 301 in any one row is 30-80, and the diameter of the circular hole of the oil spray hole 301 is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
In the second embodiment of the outlet end surface 3 of the invention, the structure of the small round opening of the outer ring 1 of the evaporating pipe and the small round opening of the inner ring 2 of the evaporating pipe are completely communicated, and at the moment, atomized fuel oil in the contraction-expansion type annular evaporating pipe directly enters the flame tube.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the illustrated embodiment, the integrated structures between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 of the evaporating pipe and the turbine guide 5 are formed by an additive manufacturing technology, so as to simplify the assembly of the engine and improve the front-rear coaxiality of the engine.
As shown in fig. 2, in the illustrated embodiment, the converging-diverging section 4 includes a converging section 401 proximate the turbine vane 5, an diverging section 402 proximate the outlet end face 3, and a throat 403 between the converging section 401 and the diverging section 402, the converging section 401 being equidistant from the diverging section 402 in the axial direction.
Preferably, in the embodiment, the distance L1 between one end of the convergent-divergent section 4 close to the turbine guider 5 and the turbine guider 5 is 7mm-12mm, so that fuel oil and air can be primarily mixed with air to form an oil-gas mixture before entering the convergent-divergent section 4, when the distance between the starting end of the convergent-divergent section 4 and the turbine guider 5 is greater than 7mm, the mixing degree of the fuel oil and the air starts to reach the standard, and when the distance between the starting end of the convergent-divergent section 4 and the turbine guider 5 is greater than 12mm, the mixing degree of the fuel oil and the air is not obviously increased any more; the total length L2 of the contraction and expansion section 4 is 8mm-20mm, when the total length of the contraction and expansion section 4 is larger than 8mm, the oil-gas mixture has enough speed difference and pressure difference between the contraction section 401 and the expansion section 402 to fully atomize the oil-gas mixture, and when the total length of the contraction and expansion section 4 is larger than 20mm, the atomization effect of the oil-gas mixture in the contraction and expansion section 4 is not obviously improved any more.
Preferably, in the embodiment, the contraction angle α of the contraction section 401 is 15-25 °, and when the contraction angle α of the contraction section 401 is in the range of 15-25 °, the oil-gas mixture achieves the ideal decompression acceleration effect in the contraction section 401; the expansion angle beta of the expansion section 402 is 20-30 degrees, and when the expansion angle beta of the expansion section 402 is in the range of 20-30 degrees, the oil-gas mixture achieves the ideal supercharging and decelerating effect in the expansion section 402.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the height H of the throat 403 is 2mm to 4mm, and if the height of the throat 403 is too small, the flow rate of the oil-gas mixture is too low, which results in too low efficiency of the contraction-expansion type annular evaporating pipe; the throat 403 is too high, which results in poor atomization of the oil-gas mixture.
The working principle of the present invention is explained below:
in fig. 1, C is the flow direction of the oil-gas mixture, the fuel oil firstly enters the inlet end of the contraction-expansion type annular evaporation tube from the inlet of the evaporation tube, then, the fresh air and the fuel oil are initially mixed at the section L1 of the contraction-expansion type annular evaporation tube, the oil-gas mixture at the section L1 is depressurized and accelerated at the contraction section 401 with the contraction angle α until the speed of the part with the size of the throat 403 being H is maximum, and then enters the expansion section 402 with the expansion angle β for deceleration and pressurization, the oil-gas mixture is fully atomized by the air through the change of the speed and the pressure at the contraction-expansion section 4 with the total length L2, the fully atomized oil-gas mixture flows at a constant speed at the rear half part of the annular evaporation tube, and is injected into the flame tube through a plurality of rows of oil injection holes 301 on the outlet end face 3 of the evaporation tube to be combusted at a plurality of points. The flow of the oil-gas mixture in the contraction-expansion type annular evaporation pipe can realize more uniform mixing of fuel and air, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, and the nonuniformity of the temperature distribution at the outlet of the combustion chamber is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a receive and expand formula annular evaporating pipe for miniature turbine engine, should receive and expand formula annular evaporating pipe and turbine director (5) and be the integrated structure be used for spouting in the flame tube after fuel and air mix the atomizing, its characterized in that includes:
the evaporator tube outer ring (1) is integrally in a round table shape and is hollow, one end of a large round opening of the evaporator tube outer ring (1) is connected with the turbine guider (5) and is of an integrated structure, and an annular concave part is arranged at one end, close to the turbine guider (5), of the evaporator tube outer ring (1);
the evaporation tube inner ring (2) is integrally in a round table shape, is equidistant from the evaporation tube outer ring (1) and is hollow, one end of a large round opening of the evaporation tube inner ring (2) is connected with the turbine guider (5) and is of an integrated structure, and an annular protruding part matched with the annular recessed part is arranged at one end, close to the turbine guider (5), of the evaporation tube inner ring (2);
the fuel atomizing device comprises a converging-diverging section (4), wherein the converging-diverging section (4) consists of an annular concave part and an annular convex part and is used for changing the flow rate and the pressure of fuel so as to fully atomize the fuel.
2. The contraction-expansion type annular evaporating pipe for the micro turbine engine is characterized in that the structure of the small round opening of the outer ring (1) of the evaporating pipe and the small round opening of the inner ring (2) of the evaporating pipe comprises a full through structure and a half through structure.
3. The contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for the micro turbine engine according to claim 2, wherein when the structure of the small round opening of the outer ring (1) of the evaporating pipe and the small round opening of the inner ring (2) of the evaporating pipe is half-through, the contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe has an outlet end surface (3), and a plurality of oil spray holes (301) are uniformly distributed on the outlet end surface (3).
4. The contraction and expansion type annular evaporating pipe for the micro turbine engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the oil injection holes (301) is at least 2, the number of the oil injection holes (301) in any one row is at least 30, the oil injection holes (301) in any two adjacent rows are distributed in a staggered manner, and the diameter of the oil injection holes (301) is at least 0.2 mm.
5. The annular convergent-divergent evaporator tube for a microturbine engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the convergent-divergent section (4) comprises a convergent section (401) close to the turbine guide (5), a divergent section (402) close to the outlet end face (3) and a throat (403) between the convergent section (401) and the divergent section (402), the convergent section (401) and the divergent section (402) being at equal axial distance.
6. The annular convergent-divergent evaporator tube for a microturbine engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the distance L1 between the end of the convergent-divergent section (4) close to the turbine guide (5) and the turbine guide (5) is 7mm-12mm, and the total length L2 of the convergent-divergent section (4) is 8mm-20 mm.
7. The convergent-divergent annular evaporator tube for a microturbine engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the convergent angle α of the convergent section (401) is 15 ° -25 °, and the divergent angle β of the divergent section (402) is 20 ° -30 °.
8. The converging-diverging annular evaporator tube for a microturbine engine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the height H of said throat (403) is comprised between 2mm and 4 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110772603.3A CN113503565B (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Contraction and expansion type annular evaporation pipe for micro turbine engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110772603.3A CN113503565B (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Contraction and expansion type annular evaporation pipe for micro turbine engine |
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| CN113503565A true CN113503565A (en) | 2021-10-15 |
| CN113503565B CN113503565B (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114234237A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-25 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | Head preparation method for wide-envelope starting of evaporating tube combustion chamber |
| CN115355535A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-11-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Evaporation tube guider integrated structure of turbojet engine |
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| CN111853854A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-30 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Evaporation pipe integrated structure, evaporation pipe type combustion chamber and micro turbojet engine |
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| JP2008298351A (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-11 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion device for gas turbine engine |
| CN103216333A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-24 | 南京理工大学 | Countercurrent tangential type micro turbojet engine |
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| CN115355535A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-11-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Evaporation tube guider integrated structure of turbojet engine |
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