CN113503341B

CN113503341B - Hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer

Info

Publication number: CN113503341B
Application number: CN202111059956.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 计翠萍
Original assignee: Jiangsu Yaxiong Deceleration Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Yaxiong Deceleration Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-10
Filing date: 2021-09-10
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-10
Also published as: CN113503341A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of speed reducers, and particularly relates to a hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer which comprises a shell and a gear shifting speed reducing mechanism arranged in the shell, wherein the gear shifting speed reducing mechanism comprises an input shaft, an intermediate shaft and an output shaft; according to the invention, when the shell and the whole gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism are arranged on an inclined plane, the oil pump is connected with the oil pumping mechanism, the oil pump can be used for pumping lubricating oil at the bottom of the inner side of the shell through the oil pumping mechanism, and then the lubricating oil pumped by the oil pump is discharged through the spray pipe, so that when the shell is in an inclined state, hydraulic oil discharged from the spray pipe can be lubricated corresponding to exposed parts of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, the normal use of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism in the inclined state can be ensured, and the working efficiency of the hydraulic cylinder gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism in the inclined state can be improved.

Description

Hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, in particular to a hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer.

Background

The speed reducer is generally used for low-speed and large-torque transmission equipment, and the purpose of reducing speed is achieved by meshing a motor, an internal combustion engine or other high-speed running power with a large gear on an output shaft through a gear with a small number of teeth on an input shaft of the speed reducer.

The speed reducer plays a role in matching rotating speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuating mechanism, and is a relatively precise machine. Its purpose is to reduce the speed and increase the torque. It has various types, different models and different purposes. The speed reducers are various in kind and can be classified into gear speed reducers, worm speed reducers and planetary gear speed reducers according to the transmission types.

The switching of multiple drive ratio is realized to the speed reducer that partly adopts and to shift to this reaches the effect of slowing down to machinery, current partial speed reducer of shifting is when using, only realizes installing the speed reducer in order to reach the effect of slowing down on the horizontal plane, because of the inside lubricating oil that need pour into usually of speed reducer, be used for playing lubricated effect when the inside part transmission of speed reducer is connected, however, when the speed reducer of shifting is in the state of slope, the inside part mechanism of speed reducer and the part of interconnect transmission connection are in above the liquid level of lubricating oil, it is inefficient to cause the lubricated of exposed part like this easily, lead to the work efficiency of speed reducer to reduce, and cause the speed of wearing and tearing to accelerate between the part easily.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problem, the invention provides a hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer comprises a shell and a gear shifting speed reducing mechanism arranged inside the shell, wherein the gear shifting speed reducing mechanism comprises an input shaft, an intermediate shaft and an output shaft, a gear shifting sleeve is fixedly sleeved at the middle part of the input shaft, fixed driving gears are sleeved on two sides of the gear shifting sleeve on the input shaft, a first intermediate gear and a second intermediate gear are symmetrically and fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft, a connecting gear is fixedly sleeved at the middle part of the intermediate shaft, a driven gear meshed with the connecting gear is fixedly sleeved at the middle part of the output shaft, a third intermediate gear meshed with an adjacent driving gear and a second intermediate gear is rotatably connected onto the side wall of the shell, a stop lever is sleeved on the intermediate shaft in a rotating manner, one end of the stop lever is connected with an output end of a hydraulic cylinder body fixed on the outer side wall of the shell, and a hydraulic cylinder box used for sealing the inside of the shell is fixed at the position of the outer side wall of the shell corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder body, the two ends inside the shell are located on one side of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, an oil pumping mechanism used for oil injection and a spraying pipe used for oil injection are arranged on one side of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, and an oil pump used for guiding oil in the oil pumping mechanism to the inside of the shell is arranged on the top surface of the shell.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the bottom intercommunication of oil pump has oil pumping pipe, and oil pumping pipe's bottom run through the casing and with the fixed filter intercommunication of top surface in the casing, the top symmetry intercommunication of oil pump has two oil extraction pipes, and the bottom of two oil extraction pipes all runs through the roof of casing and is connected with an adjacent spray line, the bottom intercommunication of filter has into oil pipe, and type of falling T tubular structure advance the both ends of oil pipe bottom all with adjacent one oil pumping mechanism be connected.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the filter and the inner top surface of the shell are detachably connected.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the oil pumping mechanism comprises a connecting pipe, a closed pipe communicated with the top end of the connecting pipe and a bottom pipe communicated with the bottom end of the connecting pipe, wherein the inner side of the horizontal section of the connecting pipe is provided with a swing rod, the end part of the inner side of the vertical section of the connecting pipe, corresponding to the oil inlet pipe, is provided with a closed sleeve and an oil passing ring from top to bottom in sequence, the inner side of the vertical section of the connecting pipe is provided with a vertical rod connected with the closed sleeve in a sliding manner, the bottom end of the vertical rod penetrates through the center of the oil ring and is fixed with a sealing plug, a compression spring is arranged between the closed sleeve and the oil passing ring, the top end of the compression spring is fixed with the outer cylindrical surface of the vertical rod, and the L-shaped swing rod is fixedly sleeved with a cam contacted with the top end of the vertical rod and fixed with a torsion spring between the inner side wall of the swing rod, and a floating ball is fixed at the other end of the swing rod.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of round holes have evenly been seted up with the adjacent one side of speed reduction mechanism of shifting in the spray tube outside, and the linker has been cup jointed to the one end of spray tube, and the one end of linker and the bottom intercommunication of adjacent oil extraction pipe.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the other end of spray tube is fixed in the top of adjacent closed tube, and the inside of spray tube rotates and is connected with the inner tube, be fixed with reset spring between the one end of inner tube and the inside wall of linker, set up the oil extraction hole with a plurality of round hole position one-to-one on the inner tube, be fixed with the one end of stay cord on the pendulum rod, and the other end of stay cord runs through the lateral wall of spray tube and is fixed with the inner tube.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the vertical height of a plurality of the oil drain holes is gradually reduced along the direction far away from the adjacent closed pipe.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the vertical height of the oil discharge hole is larger than the inner diameter of the round hole.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the closed sleeve is positioned above the bottom end of the adjacent oil inlet pipe, and the oil passing ring is positioned below the bottom end of the adjacent oil inlet pipe.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: a rectangular through hole is formed in one side, located on the filter, of the top of the shell, and a top cover is fixedly embedded into the inner side of the rectangular through hole.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. through arrange when the plane of slope at casing and whole reduction gears that shifts, utilize the oil pump to be connected with oil pumping mechanism, utilize the oil pump to extract through oil pumping mechanism to the lubricating oil of casing inside bottom, then discharge the lubricating oil of oil pump extraction through the spray tube, can be in the tilt state when the casing like this, make the hydraulic oil of discharge in the spray tube can correspond the reduction gears that shifts's that exposes the part and lubricate, can guarantee like this that the reduction gears that shifts is in the normal use of tilt state, be favorable to improving the work efficiency of this pneumatic cylinder speed reducer that shifts under the tilt state, reduce the speed of wearing and tearing between the reduction gears parts of shifting.

2. When casing and whole reduction gears that shifts arrange on the plane of slope, receive buoyancy effect come-up through the floater that is in the below, make the tip of cam to the top of montant push away, the montant moves down and makes the sealing plug of montant bottom and cross the separation of oil ring, the oil pump is lubricated the partial component that the reduction gears exposed through the spray pipe discharge after taking the lubricating oil of casing bottom out, and simultaneously, the floater that is in the top moves down because of the liquid level decline of lubricating oil, the main aspects of cam on the pendulum rod contacts with the top of montant all the time and keeps the vertical position of montant unchangeable, all be in the encapsulated situation rather than the bottom of corresponding connecting pipe, can improve the work efficiency of this pneumatic cylinder speed reducer that shifts under the tilt state like this.

3. The upper floating ball is subjected to the descending effect of the lubricating oil liquid level at the adjacent part, the floating ball rotates under the axial direction of one section of the swing rod in the connecting pipe, at the moment, one section of the swing rod in the connecting pipe winds one end of the pull rope, so that the other end of the pull rope can be pulled to drive the inner pipe to rotate in the circumferential direction, the inner pipe can rotate by a corresponding angle according to the inclination degree of the shell, the number of the positions opposite to the oil discharge holes and the round holes is adjusted, oil spraying lubrication can be conveniently carried out on parts in the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism according to the inclination degree, the speed reducing efficiency is improved, meanwhile, one floating ball at the lower part is subjected to the ascending effect of the lubricating oil liquid level at the adjacent part, the swing rod releases the pull rope, at the moment, the relative position of the inner pipe and the spray pipe is unchanged and is always in a closed state, and all the lubricating oil extracted by the oil pump is discharged through the spray pipe and the inner pipe which are positioned above, the lubricating efficiency can be improved, and the abrasion rate between the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism parts is further reduced.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention as a whole;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the case of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the shift speed reducing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil pump, oil pumping mechanism and spray tube of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the oil pump, oil well pumping mechanism and spray tube of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view at A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a spray tube according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of the rocker lever and the inner tube in the present invention.

In the figure: 10. a housing; 11. an input shaft; 111. shifting sleeves; 112. a drive gear; 113. a third intermediate gear; 114. a stop lever; 115. a hydraulic cylinder block; 12. an intermediate shaft; 121. a first intermediate gear; 122. a second intermediate gear; 123. a connecting gear; 13. an output shaft; 131. a driven gear; 14. a top cover; 15. a hydraulic cylinder box; 20. an oil pump; 21. an oil discharge pipe; 22. an oil pumping pipe; 23. a filter; 24. an oil inlet pipe; 30. an oil pumping mechanism; 31. a connecting pipe; 311. a sealing sleeve; 312. an oil passing ring; 313. a compression spring; 314. a vertical rod; 315. a sealing plug; 32. closing the tube; 33. a bottom tube; 34. a swing rod; 341. a floating ball; 342. a cam; 343. a torsion spring; 344. pulling a rope; 40. a spray tube; 401. a circular hole; 41. an inner tube; 411. an oil drain hole; 412. a return spring; 42. a communicating vessel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-9, a hydraulic cylinder gear shifting reducer includes a housing 10 and a gear shifting reducer mechanism disposed inside the housing 10, where the gear shifting reducer mechanism includes an input shaft 11, an intermediate shaft 12 and an output shaft 13, a gear shifting sleeve 111 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the input shaft 11, fixed drive gears 112 are sleeved on both sides of the gear shifting sleeve 111 on the input shaft 11, a first intermediate gear 121 and a second intermediate gear 122 are symmetrically and fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft 12, a connecting gear 123 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the intermediate shaft 12, a driven gear 131 engaged with the connecting gear 123 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the output shaft 13, a third intermediate gear 113 engaged with an adjacent one of the drive gear 112 and the second intermediate gear 122 is rotatably connected to a sidewall of the housing 10, a shift lever 114 is rotatably sleeved on the gear shifting sleeve 111, and one end of the shift lever 114 is connected to an output end of a hydraulic cylinder 115 fixed on an outer sidewall of the housing 10, a hydraulic cylinder box 15 for sealing the inside of the housing 10 is fixed on a position of one outer side wall of the housing 10 corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder body 115, an oil pumping mechanism 30 for injecting oil and a spraying pipe 40 for spraying oil are arranged at two ends of the inside of the housing 10 on one side of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, and an oil pump 20 for guiding the oil in the oil pumping mechanism 30 to the inside of the housing 10 is arranged on the top surface of the housing 10;

when in use, the housing 10 and the whole gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism are required to be arranged on an inclined plane, at this time, because the lubricating fluid in the housing 10 is fluid, the fluid level of the lubricating fluid in the inclined housing 10 is always in a horizontal state, thus, part of the components of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism at the end part are in an exposed state, and the periphery of the components is not in contact with the lubricating fluid, so that in the process of running, the part of the components can only be in contact with the lubricating fluid during rotation, so that the adjacent two components are in a condition of transmission when being exposed above the lubricating fluid level, the abrasion generated during the transmission of the components is easily accelerated, and the working efficiency of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism is easily reduced, then the oil pump 20 is connected with the oil pumping mechanism 30, and the oil pump 20 can pump the lubricating fluid at the bottom inside the housing 10 through the oil pumping mechanism 30, then discharge the lubricating oil that oil pump 20 extracted through spray pipe 40, can be when casing 10 is in the tilt state like this for the hydraulic oil of discharging can be lubricated corresponding to the part that exposes of the reduction gears that shifts in spray pipe 40, can guarantee like this that the reduction gears that shifts is in the normal use of tilt state, is favorable to improving the work efficiency of this pneumatic cylinder reduction gears that shifts under the tilt state.

The bottom end of the oil pump 20 is communicated with an oil pumping pipe 22, the bottom end of the oil pumping pipe 22 penetrates through the shell 10 and is communicated with a filter 23 fixed on the inner top surface of the shell 10, the top end of the oil pump 20 is symmetrically communicated with two oil discharge pipes 21, the bottom ends of the two oil discharge pipes 21 both penetrate through the top plate of the shell 10 and are connected with an adjacent spraying pipe 40, the bottom end of the filter 23 is communicated with an oil inlet pipe 24, and both ends of the bottom of the oil inlet pipe 24 in an inverted T-shaped tubular structure are both connected with an adjacent oil pumping mechanism 30;

utilize oil pump 20 to extract the lubricating oil of casing 10 bottom, take out the lubricating oil of casing 10 bottom through pumping mechanism 30, advance oil pipe 24, pumping pipe 22 in proper order, and loop through oil extraction pipe 21 and spray tube 40 and discharge to the inside of casing 10 again, can be in the tilt state like this at casing 10, when the part in the reduction gears of shifting can't all be as to lubricated liquid, spray lubricating oil to the part that exposes, thereby can guarantee the normal work of reduction gears of shifting, realize the even lubrication under the tilt arrangement state.

The filter 23 is detachably connected to the inner top surface of the housing 10, so that the filter 23 can be conveniently detached and installed.

The oil pumping mechanism 30 comprises a connecting pipe 31, a closed pipe 32 communicated with the top end of the connecting pipe 31 and a bottom pipe 33 communicated with the bottom end of the connecting pipe 31, the inner side of the horizontal section of the connecting pipe 31 with a T-shaped tubular structure is provided with a swing rod 34, the bottom of the inner side of the vertical section of the connecting pipe 31 is provided with a closed sleeve 311 and an oil passing ring 312 from top to bottom in sequence corresponding to the end part of the oil inlet pipe 24, the inner side of the vertical section of the connecting pipe 31 is provided with a vertical rod 314 slidably connected with the closed sleeve 311, the bottom end of the vertical rod 314 penetrates through the center of the oil ring 312 and is fixed with a sealing plug 315, a compression spring 313 is arranged between the closed sleeve 311 and the oil passing ring 312, the top end of the compression spring 313 is fixed with the outer cylindrical surface of the vertical rod 314, a section of the L-shaped swing rod 34 positioned inside the horizontal section of the connecting pipe 31 is fixedly sleeved with a cam contacted with the top end of the vertical rod 314, and a torsion spring 343 is fixed between one end of the swing rod 34 and the inner side wall of the connecting pipe 31, a floating ball 341 is fixed at the other end of the swing rod 34;

when the housing 10 and the entire gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism are arranged on an inclined plane, the liquid level of the lubricating oil inside the housing 10 is always kept horizontal, at this time, the floating ball 341 below is floated by the buoyancy, at this time, the small end of the cam 342 pushes and pushes the top end of the vertical rod 314, so that the vertical rod 314 moves downwards, and the sealing plug 315 at the bottom end of the vertical rod 314 is separated from the oil passing ring 312, at this time, the oil pump 20 pumps the lubricating oil at the bottom of the housing 10 through the oil pumping pipe 22, the filter 23, the oil inlet pipe 24 and the bottom pipe 33, and then the lubricating oil is discharged through the oil discharge pipe 21 and the spray pipe 40 to lubricate parts of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, at the same time, the floating ball 341 above moves downwards due to the liquid level of the lubricating oil, at this time, the large end of the cam 342 on the swing rod 34 is always contacted with the top end of the vertical rod 314, at this time, the vertical position of the vertical rod 314 remains unchanged, and the connecting pipe 31 corresponding thereto is in a closed state, when the housing 10 is in a horizontal state, the large end of the cam 342 corresponds to the vertical rod 314, and at this time, under the action of the compression spring 313, the sealing plug 315 at the bottom end of the vertical rod 314 and the adjacent oil passing ring 312 are in a contact closed position, so that the bottoms of the two connecting pipes 31 are both in a closed state, and the oil pump 20 does not work.

A plurality of round holes 401 are uniformly formed in one side, adjacent to the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, of the outer side of the spray pipe 40, one end of the spray pipe 40 is sleeved with a communicating device 42, and one end of the communicating device 42 is communicated with the bottom end of the adjacent oil discharge pipe 21;

through being connected shower 40 and linker 42, and linker 42 and oil extraction pipe 21 intercommunication, can utilize oil pump 20 to take out the inside lubricating oil of casing 10 to the top like this and discharge through shower 40, can carry out supplementary lubrication like this when casing 10 is in the tilt state and leads to the part in the reduction gear that shifts to be unable fully to contact with lubricating oil, can improve this pneumatic cylinder reduction gear that shifts's that is in the tilt state lubrication efficiency like this, and then can improve its work efficiency.

The other end of the spray pipe 40 is fixed at the top end of the adjacent closed pipe 32, the inner part of the spray pipe 40 is rotatably connected with an inner pipe 41, a return spring 412 is fixed between one end of the inner pipe 41 and the inner side wall of the communicating vessel 42, the inner pipe 41 is provided with oil discharge holes 411 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the round holes 401, one end of a pull rope 344 is fixed on the swing rod 34, and the other end of the pull rope 344 penetrates through the side wall of the spray pipe 40 and is fixed with the inner pipe 41;

when the shell 10 is inclined, the inclined upper part of the shell 10 is in a state without being filled with lubricating oil, at this time, a floating ball 341 positioned above is under the action of the liquid level of the lubricating oil at the adjacent part, the floating ball 341 rotates downwards by taking a section of the swing rod 34 positioned in the connecting pipe 31 as an axial direction, at this time, a section of the swing rod 34 positioned in the connecting pipe 31 winds one end of the pull rope 344, so that the other end of the pull rope 344 can be pulled to drive the inner pipe 41 to rotate circumferentially, and the oil discharge hole 411 on the swing rod is opposite to the round hole 401 on the spray pipe 40 while rotating, so that the lubricating oil in the spray pipe 40 can be sprayed out to supplement the part above the liquid level of the lubricating oil to realize lubrication, at the same time, a floating ball 341 positioned below is under the action of the liquid level of the lubricating oil at the adjacent part rising, the swing rod 34 releases the pull rope 344, at this time, the relative position of the inner pipe 41 and the spray pipe 40 is unchanged, the lubricating oil is always in a closed state, so that the lubricating oil pumped by the oil pump 20 is completely discharged through the spray pipe 40 and the inner pipe 41 which are positioned above, and the lubricating efficiency can be improved.

It is a plurality of the vertical height of oil drain hole 411 reduces along keeping away from adjacent one closed tube 32 in the direction gradually, can make the rotatory corresponding angle of inner tube 41 according to the slope degree of casing 10 self like this to can adjust and be in the quantity just to the position with oil drain hole 411 and round hole 401, be convenient for carry out oil spout lubrication according to the degree of slope to the spare part in the speed reducing mechanism of shifting, improve the efficiency of speed reduction.

The vertical height of the oil drain hole 411 is larger than the inner diameter of the round hole 401, so that when the oil drain hole 411 far away from the closed pipe 32 is opposite to the adjacent round hole 401, the oil drain hole 411 closest to the closed pipe 32 is always opposite to the adjacent round hole 401, and uniform oil drainage is realized.

The closed sleeve 311 is positioned above the bottom end of the adjacent oil inlet pipe 24, and the oil passing ring 312 is positioned below the bottom end of the adjacent oil inlet pipe 24;

through the sliding sleeve connection between the sealing sleeve 311 and the vertical rod 314, when the vertical rod 314 moves downwards under the action of the cam 342, the sealing plug 315 is separated from the oil passing ring 312, and the connecting position between the vertical rod 314 and the sealing sleeve 311 is always in a closed state, so that the oil inlet pipe 24 can conveniently extract lubricating oil.

A rectangular through hole is formed in one side, located on the filter 23, of the top of the shell 10, and a top cover 14 is fixedly embedded into the inner side of the rectangular through hole;

due to abrasion caused by long-term operation of the gear shifting speed reducing mechanism, debris generated by abrasion is mixed in lubricating oil, when the lubricating oil is extracted by the oil pump 20, the lubricating oil is filtered by the filter 23 and then can be separated from the shell 10 through the top cover 14, so that the filter 23 is convenient to clean, and meanwhile, the structure inside the shell 10 is convenient to inspect.

The working principle is as follows: when the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism is used, the shell 10 and the whole gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism are required to be arranged on an inclined plane, at the moment, because the lubricating liquid in the shell 10 is fluid, the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the shell 10 in an inclined state is always in a horizontal state, thus, part of the components of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism at the end part are in an exposed state, and the periphery of the components are not in contact with the lubricating oil, so that in the running process of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, the part of the components can only be in contact with the lubricating oil during rotation, the adjacent two components are in transmission when being exposed above the liquid level of the lubricating oil, the abrasion generated during the transmission of the components is easy to accelerate, the working efficiency of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism is easy to reduce, at the moment, the floating ball 341 at the lower part floats upwards under the action of buoyancy, the small end of the cam 342 pushes and presses the top end of the vertical rod 314, so that the vertical rod 314 moves downwards, therefore, the sealing plug 315 at the bottom end of the vertical rod 314 can be separated from the oil passing ring 312, and a floating ball 341 positioned below is acted by the liquid level of the lubricating oil at the adjacent part to rise, the swing rod 34 releases the pull rope 344, at the moment, the relative positions of the inner pipe 41 and the spray pipe 40 are unchanged and are always in a closed state, so that the lubricating oil pumped by the oil pump 20 is completely discharged through the spray pipe 40 and the inner pipe 41 positioned above, and the lubricating efficiency can be improved;

the floating ball 341 above moves downwards due to the liquid level of the lubricating oil, at this time, the large end of the cam 342 on the swing link 34 is always in contact with the top end of the vertical rod 314, at this time, the vertical position of the vertical rod 314 remains unchanged, the connecting pipe 31 corresponding to the vertical rod is in a closed state, and one floating ball 341 above is subjected to the effect of the liquid level of the lubricating oil at the adjacent position, the floating ball 341 rotates downwards along the axial direction with the section of the swing link 34 inside the connecting pipe 31, at this time, the section of the swing link 34 inside the connecting pipe 31 winds one end of the pull rope 344, so that the other end of the pull rope 344 can be pulled to drive the inner pipe 41 to rotate circumferentially, and the oil discharge hole 411 on the swing link is opposite to the round hole 401 on the spray pipe 40, so that the lubricating oil inside the spray pipe 40 can be sprayed out to supplement the oil to the parts above the liquid level of the lubricating oil, and lubrication is realized, at this time, the oil pump 20 supplies the oil to the parts above the liquid level of the lubricating oil through the oil pumping pipe 22, The filter 23, the oil inlet pipe 24 and the bottom pipe 33 pump out the lubricating oil at the bottom of the shell 10, and then the lubricating oil is discharged through the oil discharge pipe 21 and the spray pipe 40 to lubricate parts of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism;

when the housing 10 is in a horizontal state, the large end of the cam 342 corresponds to the vertical rod 314, and at this time, under the action of the compression spring 313, the sealing plug 315 at the bottom end of the vertical rod 314 and the adjacent oil passing ring 312 are in a contact closed position, so that the bottoms of the two connecting pipes 31 are both in a closed state, and the oil pump 20 does not work;

when needing to shift gears, drive two drive gears 112 and shift sleeve 111 through input shaft 11 and rotate, drive pin 114 horizontal migration through hydraulic cylinder body 115, thereby can drive to rotate the pin 114 that cup joints on shift sleeve 111 outer cylinder and remove, can adjust shift sleeve 111 and a drive gear 112 joint, it is rotatory to utilize shift sleeve 111 to drive a drive gear 112 rather than being connected, and then can drive first intermediate gear 121 rather than being connected and rotate or drive second intermediate gear 122 through third intermediate gear 113 and rotate, can realize driven gear 131's speed governing like this through switching two kinds of different drive ratios.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer comprises a shell (10) and a gear shifting speed reducer mechanism arranged inside the shell (10), and is characterized in that the gear shifting speed reducer mechanism comprises an input shaft (11), an intermediate shaft (12) and an output shaft (13), a gear shifting sleeve (111) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the input shaft (11), fixed driving gears (112) are sleeved on two sides of the gear shifting sleeve (111) on the input shaft (11), a first intermediate gear (121) and a second intermediate gear (122) are symmetrically and fixedly sleeved on the intermediate shaft (12), a connecting gear (123) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the intermediate shaft (12), a driven gear (131) meshed with the connecting gear (123) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the output shaft (13), a third intermediate gear (113) meshed with an adjacent driving gear (112) and the second intermediate gear (122) is rotatably connected on the side wall of the shell (10), a stop lever (114) is rotatably sleeved on the gear shifting sleeve (111), one end of the stop lever (114) is connected with an output end of a hydraulic cylinder body (115) fixed on one outer side wall of the shell (10), a hydraulic cylinder box (15) used for sealing the interior of the shell (10) is fixed on the position, corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder body (115), of one outer side wall of the shell (10), an oil pumping mechanism (30) used for injecting oil and a spraying pipe (40) used for spraying oil are arranged at two ends of the interior of the shell (10) on one side of the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, and an oil pump (20) used for guiding the oil in the oil pumping mechanism (30) to the interior of the shell (10) is arranged on the top surface of the shell (10);

oil pumping mechanism (30) including connecting pipe (31), with closed tube (32) of connecting pipe (31) top intercommunication and with bottom tube (33) of connecting pipe (31) bottom intercommunication, T type tubular structure connecting pipe (31) horizontal segment inboard is provided with pendulum rod (34), the tip that the inboard bottom of connecting pipe (31) vertical segment corresponds into oil pipe (24) has set gradually closed cover (311) and crosses oil ring (312) from last to down, the inboard of connecting pipe (31) vertical segment is provided with closed cover (311) sliding connection's montant (314), and the bottom of montant (314) runs through the center of oil ring (312) and is fixed with sealing plug (315), be provided with compression spring (313) between closed cover (311) and the oil ring (312), and the top of compression spring (313) is fixed with the outer cylinder of montant (314), L type one section that pendulum rod (34) are located connecting pipe (31) horizontal segment inside is fixed have with montant (314) top cup joints with montant (314) top A cam (342) with one end in contact, a torsion spring (343) is fixed between one end of the swing rod (34) and the inner side wall of the connecting pipe (31), and a floating ball (341) is fixed at the other end of the swing rod (34);

a plurality of round holes (401) are uniformly formed in one side, adjacent to the gear shifting and speed reducing mechanism, of the outer side of the spray pipe (40), one end of the spray pipe (40) is sleeved with a communicating device (42), and one end of the communicating device (42) is communicated with the bottom end of the adjacent oil discharge pipe (21);

the other end of spray tube (40) is fixed in the top of adjacent closed tube (32), and the inside of spray tube (40) is rotated and is connected with inner tube (41), be fixed with reset spring (412) between the one end of inner tube (41) and the inside wall of linker (42), set up on inner tube (41) with a plurality of round hole (401) position one-to-one oil drain hole (411), be fixed with the one end of stay cord (344) on pendulum rod (34), and the other end of stay cord (344) runs through the lateral wall of spray tube (40) and is fixed with inner tube (41).

2. The hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the oil pump (20) is communicated with an oil pumping pipe (22), the bottom end of the oil pumping pipe (22) penetrates through the casing (10) and is communicated with a filter (23) fixed to the inner top surface of the casing (10), the top end of the oil pump (20) is symmetrically communicated with two oil discharge pipes (21), the bottom ends of the two oil discharge pipes (21) both penetrate through a top plate of the casing (10) and are connected with an adjacent one of the spray pipes (40), the bottom end of the filter (23) is communicated with an oil inlet pipe (24), and both ends of the bottom of the oil inlet pipe (24) in the inverted T-shaped tubular structure are connected with an adjacent one of the oil pumping mechanisms (30).

3. A hydraulic cylinder shift reducer according to claim 2 in which the filter (23) is removably attached to the inner top surface of the housing (10).

4. A hydraulic cylinder shift reducer according to claim 1 in which the vertical height of a plurality of said oil drain holes (411) decreases progressively in a direction away from an adjacent one of said closure tubes (32).

5. A hydraulic cylinder shift reducer according to claim 1 wherein the vertical height of the oil drain hole (411) is greater than the inner diameter of the circular hole (401).

6. A hydraulic cylinder shift reducer according to claim 1 in which the closing sleeve (311) is located above the bottom end of the adjacent oil inlet pipe (24), and the oil passing ring (312) is located below the bottom end of the adjacent oil inlet pipe (24).

7. The hydraulic cylinder gear shifting speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein a rectangular through hole is formed in one side, located on the filter (23), of the top of the housing (10), and a top cover (14) is fixedly embedded in the inner side of the rectangular through hole.