CN113503153A - Self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method and system - Google Patents
Self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113503153A CN113503153A CN202111065703.9A CN202111065703A CN113503153A CN 113503153 A CN113503153 A CN 113503153A CN 202111065703 A CN202111065703 A CN 202111065703A CN 113503153 A CN113503153 A CN 113503153A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
Abstract
The invention provides a self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method and a self-adaptive drilling hole-forming system. The method comprises the following steps: drilling and sampling to obtain rock stratum characteristics, selecting a drilling rock breaking mode according to the rock stratum characteristics and the design hole forming requirement, and initially setting drilling machine power parameters; distributing pickup sensor arrays according to the sound field distribution of the drilling site working condition, and carrying out omnidirectional acquisition on audio signals in the drilling process; processing the collected audio signal, and extracting voiceprint features in the audio signal; coupling the initially determined drilling machine power parameters with the real-time voiceprint characteristics to establish a coupling parameter matrix; and during the drilling and pore-forming process, the optimized matching parameters in the coupling parameter matrix are called according to the voiceprint characteristics extracted from the real-time acquired audio signals, and the drilling machine power parameters in the drilling process are dynamically adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the called optimized matching parameters. The hole drilled by the method has the characteristics of good hole forming quality and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering, in particular to a self-adaptive drilling hole forming method and a self-adaptive drilling hole forming system.
Background
In the construction of anchoring engineering, drilling and forming holes are used as main construction procedures, which have important influence on the quality, cost and progress of engineering, and the hole forming quality and hole forming efficiency need to be carefully controlled. Drilling hole forming is carried out according to the aperture, the length and the inclination angle of the design requirement, and suitable drilling equipment and drilling technology are adopted to ensure the drilling precision and the hole forming quality aiming at different engineering geological conditions, so that subsequent procedures of prestressed tendon installation, anchoring, grouting and the like can be smoothly carried out. Due to the fact that the uncertainty of geological conditions in rock mass engineering is large, and the influence of excavation and tunneling is caused in the construction process, dynamic and variable complex conditions are formed.
At present, the engineering world generally selects drilling equipment according to the Purchase coefficient, the drilling process is mainly controlled manually, the problems that the hole forming quality and the hole forming efficiency are affected by hole collapse, hole shrinkage, drill sticking, drill falling and the like often exist in the drilling process and the working experience of operators is relied on, and great troubles are brought to the quality, the cost and the progress control of engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and system for adaptively drilling a hole.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the present invention provides an adaptive drilling hole-forming method, comprising the steps of:
drilling and sampling to obtain rock stratum characteristics, selecting a drilling rock breaking mode according to the rock stratum characteristics and the design hole forming requirement, and initially setting drilling machine power parameters;
distributing pickup sensor arrays according to the sound field distribution of the drilling site working condition, and carrying out omnidirectional acquisition on audio signals in the drilling process;
processing the collected audio signal, and extracting voiceprint features in the audio signal;
coupling the initially determined drilling machine power parameters with the real-time voiceprint characteristics to establish a coupling parameter matrix;
and during the drilling and pore-forming process, the optimized matching parameters in the coupling parameter matrix are called according to the voiceprint characteristics extracted from the real-time acquired audio signals, and the drilling machine power parameters in the drilling process are dynamically adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the called optimized matching parameters.
The hole drilled by the method has the characteristics of good hole forming quality and high efficiency.
The preferred scheme of the self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method comprises the following steps: the rock breaking mode comprises rotation, impact and rotary impact drilling, and the power parameters of the drilling machine comprise rotating speed, propelling force, torque, impact kinetic energy and impact frequency.
The preferred scheme of the self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method comprises the following steps: the layout position of the pickup sensor comprises a structure in a drilling construction space area, drilling equipment and random accessories thereof, and field personnel carry-on equipment.
The preferred scheme of the self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method comprises the following steps: the collected audio signals include environmental, mechanical vibration, mechanical rotation, mechanical shock, mechanical friction, human voice audio signals during drilling, and audio signals generated between the drill bit, drill rod, and rock structure during drilling of the hole.
The preferred scheme of the self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method comprises the following steps: the voiceprint features include an energy feature, a time domain feature, a frequency domain feature, a reference frequency, and a perceptual feature.
The preferred scheme of the self-adaptive drilling hole-forming method comprises the following steps: the coupling parameter matrix is a matrix containing rock Poulper coefficient, drill bit diameter, rotating speed, propelling force, rotary torque, drilling speed, impact energy and impact frequency factors.
The invention also provides a self-adaptive drilling and hole-forming system which comprises a control module, a plurality of sound sensors and a drilling tool, wherein the sound sensors are arranged on a drilling site, each sound sensor is connected with the control module and sends an audio signal acquired in real time to the control module, the drilling tool is connected with the control module, and the control module controls the drilling tool to drill and form holes according to the self-adaptive drilling and hole-forming method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention dynamically senses the rock stratum based on the acoustic characteristic information in the drilling process, acquires the optimal control parameter in the drilling and pore-forming process according to the sensing information, and establishes the self-adaptive parameter control method of the drilling machine and the rock stratum so as to solve the problems of poor pore-forming quality, low pore-forming efficiency and the like in the existing drilling process.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an adaptive drill hole-forming method;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding matching of the coupling parameter matrix and the voiceprint feature.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a self-adaptive drilling and hole-forming method, which dynamically senses a rock stratum based on acoustic characteristic information in a drilling process, acquires optimal control parameters in the drilling and hole-forming process according to the sensing information, and establishes a self-adaptive parameter control method for a drilling machine and the rock stratum so as to solve the problems of poor hole-forming quality, low hole-forming efficiency and the like in the existing drilling process. One specific embodiment of the method is as follows:
and (4) trial drilling and sampling to obtain rock stratum characteristics, selecting a drilling rock breaking mode according to the rock stratum characteristics and the design pore-forming requirements, and initially setting power parameters of the drilling machine. Specifically, according to the geological conditions of the rock stratum and the design pore-forming requirements, a reasonable drilling mode is selected for pilot drilling, a feasible rock breaking mode is determined through pilot drilling, and drilling machine power parameters are initially determined. Drilling breaking modes generally include, but are not limited to, rotation, impact, and rotary impact drilling, and drilling machine power parameters include rotation speed, thrust, torque, impact kinetic energy, and impact frequency. And evaluating the drilling speed by relying on the drilling test process to form rock stratum characteristics, a rock drilling and breaking mode and a drilling machine power parameter sampling.
And during formal drilling, distributing a sound sensor array according to the sound field distribution of the working conditions of the drilling site, and carrying out omnidirectional acquisition on the audio signals in the drilling process. Specifically, the layout positions of the pickup sensors include, but are not limited to, structures in the drilling construction space area (such as rocks, arches, concrete and the like within a certain distance range), drilling equipment and random accessories thereof (such as a drilling machine power mechanism, a drill rod part and the like), and field personnel carry-on equipment (such as safety helmets, safety vests, mobile phones, watches, glasses and other wearable equipment and the like). Pickup sensors include, but are not limited to, dedicated vibration pickups, audio sensors, microphones, cell phones, etc. stand-alone acquisition units or integrated instrumentation devices with a general audio acquisition function. The collected audio signals include, but are not limited to, the environment during drilling, mechanical vibration, rotation, impact, friction, human voice and other audio information, especially audio information generated between a drill bit, a drill rod and a rock structure during drilling of a hole, which are collectively referred to as audio while drilling.
And carrying out signal processing on the acquired audio signals, and extracting the voiceprint features in the audio signals. Specifically, the audio signals acquired in an omnidirectional manner are processed and identified, a digital filtering technology is adopted to filter noise interference (such as voice in the environment, irrelevant mechanical noise and the like) signals in the acquired signals, the audio signals while drilling in the drilling process are reserved, and feature extraction is performed on the reserved audio signals while drilling, wherein the feature extraction includes but is not limited to energy features, time domain features (such as a starting point and an end point and the like), frequency domain features (such as a mass spectrum center, MFCC, spectral flatness, spectral flux and the like), reference frequencies, perception features and the like. And coupling the initially determined drilling machine power parameters with the real-time voiceprint characteristics to establish a coupling parameter matrix. Specifically, according to the initially determined drilling machine power parameters in the trial drilling sampling process, the real-time voiceprint characteristics and the real-time voiceprint characteristics are subjected to correlation analysis and coupling, and a coupling parameter matrix containing rock Poulper coefficients, drill bit diameters, rotating speeds, propelling force, rotary torque, drilling speed, impact energy, impact frequency and other factors is established.
And during the drilling and pore-forming process, the optimized matching parameters in the coupling parameter matrix are called according to the voiceprint characteristics extracted from the real-time collected audio signals, and the power parameters of the drilling machine during the drilling process are dynamically adjusted in a real-time self-adaptive manner according to the called optimized matching parameters, so that the drilling and pore-forming with the optimal efficiency is achieved. The method for determining the optimized matching parameter comprises the steps of searching a voiceprint characteristic range where voiceprint characteristics acquired in real time are located in a coupling parameter matrix, and taking a drilling machine power parameter corresponding to the voiceprint characteristic range as the optimized matching parameter. Or classifying the voiceprint features into categories when extracting the voiceprint features, wherein each category corresponds to a drilling machine power parameter in a coupling parameter matrix, as shown in fig. 2, the voiceprint features collected at the moment t1 are of the type I, drilling machine power parameters corresponding to the type I voiceprint features are found in the coupling parameter matrix, and the drilling machine power parameters are used as optimized matching parameters; and changing the acquired voiceprint characteristics into II types after the t2 moment, finding out drilling machine power parameters corresponding to the II types of voiceprint characteristics in the coupling parameter matrix, taking the drilling machine power parameters as optimized matching parameters, and the like at the t3 moment and the t4 moment. Therefore, the drilling machine power parameters during drilling are dynamically and adaptively adjusted, so that the drilling work can be carried out under the optimal drilling machine power parameters. If the rock stratum is hard in the drilling process, the propelling force needs to be increased; when the rock stratum is softer, the propelling force needs to be reduced; when the soft or hard interlayer of the rock stratum, the impact energy needs to be reduced, the drilling speed is slowed down, the optimal rock breaking speed and the propelling force in the drilling and pore-forming process are reached, the pore-forming quality is ensured, and the pore-forming efficiency is improved.
The invention also provides an embodiment of the self-adaptive drilling and hole-forming system, and particularly the self-adaptive drilling and hole-forming system comprises a control module, a plurality of sound sensors and a drilling tool, wherein the sound sensors are arranged on a drilling site, each sound sensor is connected with the control module, and sends an audio signal acquired in real time to the control module, the drilling tool is connected with the control module, and the control module controls the drilling tool to drill and form holes according to the self-adaptive drilling and hole-forming method.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. An adaptive drill hole-forming method, comprising the steps of:
drilling and sampling to obtain rock stratum characteristics, selecting a drilling rock breaking mode according to the rock stratum characteristics and the design hole forming requirement, and initially setting drilling machine power parameters;
distributing pickup sensor arrays according to the sound field distribution of the drilling site working condition, and carrying out omnidirectional acquisition on audio signals in the drilling process;
processing the collected audio signal, and extracting voiceprint features in the audio signal;
coupling the initially determined drilling machine power parameters with the real-time voiceprint characteristics to establish a coupling parameter matrix;
and during the drilling and pore-forming process, the optimized matching parameters in the coupling parameter matrix are called according to the voiceprint characteristics extracted from the real-time acquired audio signals, and the drilling machine power parameters in the drilling process are dynamically adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the called optimized matching parameters.
2. The adaptive drill hole-forming method of claim 1, wherein the rock breaking mode comprises rotation, impact and rotary impact drilling, and the drilling machine power parameters comprise rotation speed, propelling force, torque, impact kinetic energy and impact frequency.
3. An adaptive drill hole-forming method as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the layout location of the pickup sensors includes structures within the area of the drilling construction space, drilling equipment and its random accessories, field personnel carry-on equipment.
4. An adaptive drill hole-forming method as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the collected audio signals include environment during drilling, mechanical vibration, mechanical rotation, mechanical shock, mechanical friction, human voice audio signals, and audio signals generated between a drill bit, a drill rod and a rock structure during drilling hole-forming.
5. The adaptive drill hole-forming method of claim 1, wherein the voiceprint features include an energy feature, a time domain feature, a frequency domain feature, a reference frequency, and a perceptual feature.
6. An adaptive drill hole-forming method as recited in claim 1, wherein the matrix of coupling parameters is a matrix comprising rock prev coefficients, drill bit diameter, rotational speed, thrust, turning torque, drilling speed, impact energy, impact frequency factors.
7. An adaptive drilling and hole-forming system, which comprises a control module, a plurality of sound sensors and a drilling tool, wherein the sound sensors are arranged at a drilling site, each sound sensor is connected with the control module, and sends audio signals acquired in real time to the control module, the drilling tool is connected with the control module, and the control module controls the drilling tool to drill and form holes according to the adaptive drilling and hole-forming method of any one of claims 1-6.
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