CN113500773B - Lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device and method - Google Patents
Lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113500773B CN113500773B CN202110771514.7A CN202110771514A CN113500773B CN 113500773 B CN113500773 B CN 113500773B CN 202110771514 A CN202110771514 A CN 202110771514A CN 113500773 B CN113500773 B CN 113500773B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
- B22F12/43—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam pulsed; frequency modulated
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device and a lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming method, wherein the device comprises a bottom plate; the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with a forming substrate in a sliding way; the bottom plate is provided with a bracket; the bottom plate is provided with an X-axis motion structure moving in the X direction; two sides of the bracket are provided with a Y-axis motion structure moving in the Y direction and a Z-axis motion structure moving in the Z direction; the heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism and the lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulsed strong light sintering mechanism are respectively movably connected with the Y-axis movement structure to form Y-direction movement; in the forming process, the shape memory material slurry is subjected to in-situ sintering and curing, and a slurry deposition forming sample piece is not required to be subjected to sintering and curing treatment, so that the 4D printing forming process is simplified; by regulating and controlling the input energy density of focused pulse intense light, gradient shape memory performance change of the same material 4D printing sample piece and interface combination of different shape memory materials are realized, and 4D printing in-situ forming with space adjustable material and shape memory performance is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 4D printing, in particular to a bionic focusing pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device and method, which are used for shape memory material slurry in-situ forming 4D printing, the energy density of input pulse highlights in the forming process and the type of forming materials are adjustable, and the forming materials and functional gradient parts with adjustable shape memory performance can be printed and formed in 4D mode.
Background
The 4D printing technology is that a structure formed by an additive manufacturing technology can be subjected to shape or structure change under external excitation, the deformation design of materials and structures is directly built in materials, the material manufacturing process from the design concept to the real object is simplified, and the existing 4D printing device mainly comprises a photocuring type, a fused deposition type, an indirect additive manufacturing type, a selective laser melting type and the like.
The photocuring type 4D printing device adopts ultraviolet light to perform selective curing on shape memory materials such as liquid crystal elastomers, hydrogel and the like, and the materials are accumulated layer by layer to form a high polymer material part with shape memory performance, but only a single high polymer shape memory material sensitive to the ultraviolet light can be formed;
the fused deposition type 4D printing device heats and melts the shape memory polymer, and then selectively deposits the shape memory polymer on a forming substrate, but after the shape memory polymer is formed, the interlayer bonding strength of parts is poor, the surface roughness is high, and the shape memory polymer is difficult to be used for forming heterogeneous shape memory materials;
the indirect additive manufacturing type 4D printing device is characterized in that shape memory material powder is prepared into slurry, then a green body (blank) of a sample piece is formed according to a three-dimensional modeling shape, the green body is subjected to degreasing sintering, and a reinforced three-dimensional entity of the sample piece is finally formed, but the size precision of the sample piece after forming is poor, and the microstructure and the stress distribution in the sample piece after forming are difficult to control;
the selective laser melting type 4D printing device adopts high-energy laser beams to selectively melt and mold shape memory metal powder materials such as nickel-titanium alloy and the like, but only can mold a single metal material part, and cannot program the material distribution in the molded part;
in summary, the existing 4D printing device has the problems that the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of the formed part are poor, most of the formed parts can only be formed by adding a single material, and the 4D printing and forming of the formed material and the functional gradient part with the shape memory performance and adjustable space cannot be realized; the invention develops a lobster eye imitation focusing pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device aiming at the current situation of the current 4D printing device, adopts a lobster eye imitation system to regulate and control the energy density and the action frequency of output focusing pulse highlight, and carries out in-situ degreasing and sintering forming on shape memory polymer, alloy and other powder slurry deposited in a selected area, thereby realizing 4D printing forming with high forming precision and adjustable distribution of heterogeneous materials, microstructures and shape memory characteristic space in a sample piece, and further solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stepless-change input energy density in-situ forming 4D printing device and method, wherein a lobster eye structure-imitated focused pulse highlight system and an indirect 4D printing technology are combined to realize 4D printing with adjustable material distribution and shape memory characteristic space inside a sample piece, and the problems that the existing 4D printing device is single in forming material type, poor in size precision of a formed part, incapable of realizing heterogeneous shape memory material joint and nonadjustable in space shape memory characteristic are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device, which comprises:
a base plate;
the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with a forming substrate in a sliding way;
a bracket is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate; wherein
An X-axis motion structure moving in the X direction is arranged on the bottom plate;
a Y-axis motion structure moving in the Y direction and a Z-axis motion structure moving in the Z direction are arranged on two sides of the support;
the X-axis motion structure, the Y-axis motion structure and the Z-axis motion structure form a motion mechanism; and
a heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism;
a lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulse strong light sintering mechanism; wherein
The heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism and the lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulsed high light sintering mechanism are respectively and movably connected with the Y-axis movement structure to form Y-direction movement.
Further, the heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism comprises:
a heterogeneous slurry printhead;
one end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head is provided with an internal thread, and the other end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head is of an inverted conical structure; and
the feeding device comprises a feeding guide pipe, a feeding device and a control device, wherein one end of the feeding guide pipe is provided with an external thread;
the internal thread end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head is in adaptive connection with the external thread end of the feeding conduit;
the other end of the feeding conduit is connected with a hose;
the feeding conduit is connected with the slurry storage tank through a hose; wherein
The slurry storage tank is connected with an air compressor through a hose.
Further, the Y-axis moving structure includes:
the heterogeneous slurry printing head is flexibly connected to the Y-direction guide rail;
the Y-direction guide rail is movably connected with the Z-axis motion structure through the base;
a first stepping motor is arranged on the base;
the first stepping motor is in driving connection with a first driving wheel;
the first driving wheel is synchronously connected with the first driven wheel through a first synchronous belt;
one side of the first synchronous belt is fixedly connected with the heterogeneous slurry printing head through a first sliding block;
the first stepping motor drives the first driving wheel to rotate to form synchronous rotation of the first driven wheel so as to realize that the heterogeneous slurry printing head moves along the Y direction formed by the Y-direction guide rail.
Further, the Z-axis moving structure includes:
the Z-direction guide rail is attached to two sides of the bracket and is vertical to the Y-direction guide rail;
the base is movably arranged on the lead screw component;
the screw rod assembly is connected with the second stepping motor through a spring coupler;
the second sliding block is hinged with the lead screw assembly; wherein
The second sliding block is connected with the Z-direction guide rail through threads;
the second stepping motor drives the screw rod assembly to rotate so as to realize that the Y-direction guide rail forms Z-direction movement along the Z-direction guide rail.
Further, the X-axis motion structure includes:
the X-direction guide rail is formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate;
an installation groove is formed between the adjacent X-direction guide rails;
a third stepping motor is arranged at one end of the mounting groove;
the third stepping motor is in driving connection with a second driving wheel;
the second driving wheel is synchronously connected with a second driven wheel through a second synchronous belt;
the forming substrate is in frictional contact with the second synchronous belt; wherein
And the third step motor drives the second driving wheel to rotate to form synchronous rotation of the second driven wheel so as to realize that the forming substrate moves along the X direction formed by the X direction guide rail.
Further, imitative lobster eye focus normal position pulse highlight sintering machine includes:
a lobster eye-imitated focusing highlight structure;
the lobster eye imitating focusing highlight structure is in threaded connection with one end of the connecting pipe;
the other end of the connecting pipe is connected with a lamp holder;
the lobster-eye-imitated focusing highlight structure is flexibly connected with the Y-direction guide rail through a lamp holder;
the lobster eye imitating focusing highlight structure is in threaded connection with one end of the air inlet pipe;
the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected with a protective gas cylinder;
the lobster-eye-imitated focusing highlight structure is connected with the Y-axis motion structure and the Z-axis motion structure simultaneously; and is
The lobster-like eye focusing highlight structure respectively realizes Y-direction movement and Z-direction movement through a Y-direction guide rail.
Further, imitative lobster eye focus highlight structure includes:
a wall body;
the cantilever is arranged at the upper end of the wall body;
the cantilever is fixedly connected with the connecting pipe; and
the pulse strong light lamp is in threaded connection with the wall body and is located inside the wall body.
Further, imitative lobster eye focus highlight structure still includes:
the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure;
the included angle range of each group of holes in the lobster-eye-imitating coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure and the vertical direction is more than or equal to 2 degrees and less than or equal to 4 degrees;
the number range of the lobster-imitating compound eye clear holes in the lobster-imitating coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure is 4-3600;
the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure is formed by ultrasonic welding of gold-plated nickel-based metal glass;
the thickness range of the gold-plated nickel-based metal glass thin material in the lobster eye-imitating coaxial light-gathering gas-gathering structure is that c is larger than or equal to 10 and smaller than or equal to 100 micrometers, and the thickness range of the gold-plated layer is that d is larger than or equal to 0.5 and smaller than or equal to 2 micrometers.
Further, the lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in the 4D printing and forming process, the computer controls a multi-material slurry deposition printing head on the heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism to deposit slurry in a selected area on the forming substrate according to the type of the required deposition material;
step two: after a certain amount of slurry is deposited in a selected area, the forming substrate is moved to the lobster-eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulsed strong light sintering mechanism side, and pulsed strong light is adopted for selected area in-situ sintering according to the distribution of microstructures in the expected forming material or the joint strength between heterogeneous material interfaces;
step three: after one or more layers or integral sintering is finished by adopting the intensive pulse light to perform in-situ sintering molding, selective heat treatment or integral heat treatment is performed on the sintered and cured molded sample piece by regulating and controlling the distance between the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure and the sintered and molded sample piece.
Further, the shape memory material in the heterogeneous shape memory slurry is composed of one or more material powders of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyether-ether-ketone, polycaprolactone, nylon, nickel-titanium alloy, iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy, copper-nickel alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy and iron alloy (Fe-Mn-Si and Fe-Pd);
the particle size distribution range of the shape memory material powder in the heterogeneous shape memory slurry is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 25 microns, and the hypersensitive roundness range is more than or equal to 60 percent and less than or equal to 100 percent;
the single-channel width range of a settled layer in the slurry selective area is more than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 200 micrometers, and the thickness range of the settled layer is more than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to h and less than or equal to 200 micrometers;
the pulse high-light lamp source is a xenon lamp, the wavelength range of the pulse high light is more than or equal to 300 and less than or equal to 800nm, and the peak power range is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to m and less than or equal to 10 megawatts;
the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure has the light spot diameter adjustable range that n is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 20000 micrometers.
In the technical scheme, the lobster-eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device and method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the lobster eye-imitated focusing structure design and the 4D printing technology are combined, the in-situ molding heterogeneous shape memory material is used for carrying out in-situ sintering and curing on the shape memory material slurry in the molding process and carrying out in-situ heat treatment on the molded sample piece, the dimensional accuracy of the molded part is improved, the slurry deposition molded sample piece does not need to be placed in a sintering furnace for sintering and curing treatment, the 4D printing and molding process is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; the gradient shape memory performance change of the 4D printing sample piece made of the same material and the interface combination of dissimilar shape memory materials can be realized by regulating and controlling the input energy density of focused pulse intense light, the 4D printing in-situ forming with the material and shape memory performance space adjustable is realized, the selective programming can be carried out on the thermal stress distribution in the forming sample piece through in-situ heat treatment, and a novel in-situ forming method is provided for the field of 4D printing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lobster eye-imitated focused pulse strong light in-situ forming 4D printing device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism in the lobster eye-like focused pulse high light in-situ forming 4D printing device provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lobster eye-imitated focused pulse strong light in-situ forming 4D printing device in which a lobster eye-imitated focused pulse strong light in-situ forming mechanism is provided;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lobster eye-imitated focused intense light structure in the lobster eye-imitated focused intense light in-situ forming 4D printing device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a baseplate motion system in the lobster eye-imitated focused pulsed strong light in-situ forming 4D printing device provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a slurry motion system in the lobster eye-imitated focused pulsed strong light in-situ forming 4D printing device provided by the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ sintering motion system in the lobster eye-imitated focused pulsed strong light in-situ forming 4D printing device provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a base plate; 2. molding a substrate; 3. a support; 4. a motion mechanism; 5. a heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism; 6. a lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulse strong light sintering mechanism;
11. a heterogeneous slurry printhead; 12. a supply conduit; 13. a hose; 14. a slurry storage tank; 15. an air compressor;
21. a lobster eye-imitated focusing highlight structure; 22. a connecting pipe; 23. a lamp socket; 24. an air inlet pipe; 25. protecting the gas cylinder;
211. a wall body; 212. a cantilever; 213. a pulse high-intensity light; 214. the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure;
41. an X-axis motion structure; 42. a Y-axis motion structure; 43. a Z-axis motion structure;
411. an X-direction guide rail; 412. mounting grooves; 413. a third step motor; 414. a second drive wheel; 415. a second synchronous belt; 416. a second driven wheel;
421. a Y-direction guide rail; 422. a base; 423. a first stepper motor; 424. a first drive wheel; 425. a first synchronization belt; 426. a first driven wheel; 427. a first slider;
431. a Z-direction guide rail; 432. a lead screw assembly; 433. a second stepping motor; 434. a spring coupling; 435. and a second slider.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is to be noted that the terms "upper", "two sides", "one end", "the other end", etc., used herein are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and the similar expressions are used for the purpose of illustration only, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
See fig. 1-7;
the invention discloses a lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device, which comprises:
a base plate 1;
the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a forming substrate 2 in a sliding way;
a bracket 3 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 1; wherein
An X-axis motion structure 41 moving in the X direction is arranged on the bottom plate 1;
a Y-axis motion structure 42 moving in the Y direction and a Z-axis motion structure 43 moving in the Z direction are arranged at two sides of the bracket 3;
the X-axis moving structure 41, the Y-axis moving structure 42 and the Z-axis moving structure 43 form a moving mechanism 4; and
a heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism 5;
a lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulse strong light sintering mechanism 6; wherein
The heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism 5 and the lobster eye focusing in-situ pulse high light sintering mechanism 6 are respectively movably connected with the Y-axis movement structure 42 to form Y-direction movement.
The heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism 5 includes:
a heterogeneous paste print head 11;
one end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head 11 is provided with internal threads, and the other end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head 11 is of an inverted conical structure; and
a feed conduit 12, one end of the feed conduit 12 is provided with an external thread;
the internal thread end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head 11 is in adaptive connection with the external thread end of the feed conduit 12;
the other end of the feed conduit 12 is connected with a hose 13;
the feed conduit 12 is connected to a slurry storage tank 14 via a hose 13; wherein
The slurry storage tank 14 is connected to an air compressor 15 through a hose 13.
The Y-axis moving structure 42 includes:
a Y-direction guide rail 421, on which the heterogeneous slurry printing head 11 is flexibly connected;
the Y-direction guide rail 421 is movably connected with the Z-axis moving structure 43 through a base 422;
a first stepping motor 423 is mounted on the base 422;
a first stepper motor 423 drivingly connected to the first drive pulley 424;
the first driving pulley 424 is synchronously connected with a first driven pulley 426 through a first synchronous belt 425;
one side of the first timing belt 425 is fixedly connected to the heterogeneous paste printing head 11 through a first slider 427;
the first stepping motor 423 drives the first driving pulley 424 to rotate to form a first driven pulley 426 to rotate synchronously to realize the heterogeneous slurry printing head 11 to move along the Y-direction guide rail 421 in the Y direction.
The Z-axis moving structure 43 includes:
a Z-direction rail 431, the Z-direction rail 431 being attached to both sides of the bracket 3 and being perpendicular to the Y-direction rail 421;
the lead screw assembly 432, the base 422 is movably mounted on the lead screw assembly 432;
a second stepping motor 433, wherein the screw rod component 432 is connected with the second stepping motor 433 through a spring coupling 434;
the second sliding block 435, the second sliding block 435 is hinged with the lead screw assembly 432; wherein
The second slider 435 is screwed to the Z-guide 431;
the second stepping motor 433 drives the screw assembly 432 to rotate to realize the movement of the Y-guide rail 421 along the Z-guide rail 431 in the Z direction.
The X-axis moving structure 41 includes:
an X-direction guide 411, the X-direction guide 411 being formed on the upper surface of the base plate 1;
an installation groove 412 is formed between the adjacent X-guide rails 411;
one end of the mounting groove 412 is provided with a third stepping motor 413;
the third stepping motor 413 is in driving connection with the second driving wheel 414;
the second driving pulley 414 is synchronously connected with a second driven pulley 416 through a second synchronous belt 415;
the molding substrate 2 is in frictional contact with the second timing belt 415; wherein
The third stepping motor 413 drives the second driving wheel 414 to rotate to form the second driven wheel 416 to rotate synchronously to realize the movement of the molding substrate 2 along the X direction guide 411.
Imitative lobster eye focus normal position pulse highlight sintering machine constructs 6 includes:
a lobster eye imitating focusing highlight structure 21;
the lobster eye imitating focusing highlight structure 21 is in threaded connection with one end of the connecting pipe 22;
the other end of the connecting tube 22 is connected with a lamp holder 23;
the lobster eye imitating focusing highlight structure 21 is flexibly connected with the Y-direction guide rail 421 through a lamp holder 23;
the lobster eye imitating focusing strong light structure 21 is in threaded connection with one end of the air inlet pipe 24;
the other end of the air inlet pipe 24 is connected with a protective gas cylinder 25;
the lobster eye imitated focusing strong light structure 21 is simultaneously connected with the Y-axis movement structure 42 and the Z-axis movement structure 43; and is
The lobster-like eye focusing highlight structure 21 respectively realizes the movement in the Y direction and the movement in the Z direction through the Y-direction guide rail 421.
Imitative lobster eye focus highlight structure 21 includes:
a wall body 211;
a cantilever 212, the cantilever 212 being disposed at an upper end of the wall 211;
the cantilever 212 is fixedly connected with the connecting pipe 22; and
the pulse floodlight 213, the pulse floodlight 213 is screwed on the wall 211 and is located inside the wall 211.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the heterogeneous slurry print head 11 has two heterogeneous slurry print heads, the two heterogeneous slurry print heads are respectively connected with the supply conduit 12 through a threaded connection, and the supply conduit 12 is connected with the slurry storage tank 14 through a hose 13;
the lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulse strong light sintering mechanism 6 is connected with the Y-direction guide rail 421, moves along the Y-direction guide rail 421 through the first stepping motor 423, the lobster eye-imitated focusing strong light structure 21 is connected with the protective gas cylinder 25 through the gas inlet pipe 24, and the forming substrate 2 forms X-direction movement along the X-direction guide rail 411 under the driving of the third stepping motor 413;
this imitative lobster eye focus pulse highlight normal position shaping 4D printing device adopts imitative lobster eye system regulation and control output focus pulse highlight's energy density and frequency of action, carries out normal position degrease, sintering shaping to powder thick liquids such as shape memory polymer, alloy of election district deposit to the inside microstructure of programming shaping appearance piece, heterogeneous material distribution, and heterogeneous material interface bonding strength, it is high to realize the shaping precision, the inside heterogeneous material distribution of appearance piece, the microstructure, shape memory characteristic space distribution adjustable 4D prints the shaping.
Imitative lobster eye focus highlight structure 21 still includes:
a lobster eye-imitating coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure 214;
the included angle range of each group of holes in the lobster-eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure 214 and the vertical direction is more than or equal to 2 degrees and less than or equal to 4 degrees;
the number range of the lobster-like compound eye clear holes in the lobster-like coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure 214 is 4-3600;
the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure 214 is formed by adopting gold-plated nickel-based metal glass through ultrasonic welding;
the thickness range of the gold-plated nickel-based metal glass thin material in the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure 214 is that c is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 100 micrometers, and d is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 2 micrometers;
specifically, the heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism 5 may also carry a plurality of slurry deposition print heads, which are respectively used for carrying heterogeneous shape memory material powder slurries of different types.
A lobster eye-imitated focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in the 4D printing and forming process, the computer controls a multi-material paste deposition printing head on the heterogeneous shape memory material paste deposition mechanism 5 to select areas on the forming substrate to deposit paste according to the type of the required deposition material;
step two: after a certain amount of slurry is deposited in a selected area, the forming substrate is moved to the side of the lobster-eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulsed strong light sintering mechanism 6, and according to the distribution of microstructures in the expected forming material or the joint strength between interfaces of heterogeneous materials, pulsed strong light is adopted for the selected area in-situ sintering;
step three: after the in-situ sintering molding of one or more layers or the integral sintering is completed by adopting the intensive pulse light, the selective heat treatment or the integral heat treatment is carried out on the sintered and cured molded sample piece by regulating and controlling the distance between the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure 214 and the sintered and molded sample piece.
Preferably, the shape memory material in the heterogeneous shape memory slurry is composed of one or more material powders of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyether ether ketone, polycaprolactone, nylon, nickel-titanium alloy, iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy, copper-nickel alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy and iron alloy (Fe-Mn-Si, Fe-Pd), but is not limited to the shape memory polymer, the shape memory alloy and the magnetostrictive alloy;
the particle size distribution range of the shape memory material powder in the heterogeneous shape memory slurry is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 25 microns, and the high sensitivity roundness range is more than or equal to 60 percent and less than or equal to 100 percent;
the single-channel width range of a sedimentary layer in the slurry selection area is more than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 200 microns, and the thickness range of the sedimentary layer is more than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to h and less than or equal to 200 microns;
the pulse strong light source is a xenon lamp, the wavelength range of the pulse strong light is more than or equal to 300 and less than or equal to 800nm, and the peak power range is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to m and less than or equal to 10 megawatts;
the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure 214 has the light spot diameter adjustable range that n is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 20000 micrometers.
Unless otherwise indicated, any technical aspect disclosed herein, if a range of values is disclosed, then the range of values disclosed are preferred ranges of values, and any person skilled in the art will understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the present invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments only, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. Imitative lobster eye focus pulse highlight normal position shaping 4D printing device, its characterized in that includes:
a base plate (1);
the upper surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a forming substrate (2) in a sliding way;
a bracket (3) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1); wherein
An X-axis motion structure (41) moving in the X direction is arranged on the bottom plate (1);
a Y-axis motion structure (42) moving in the Y direction and a Z-axis motion structure (43) moving in the Z direction are arranged on two sides of the support (3);
the X-axis motion structure (41), the Y-axis motion structure (42) and the Z-axis motion structure (43) form a motion mechanism (4); and
a heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism (5);
a lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulse strong light sintering mechanism (6); wherein
The heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism (5) and the lobster eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulse high-light sintering mechanism (6) are respectively movably connected with the Y-axis movement structure (42) to form Y-direction movement;
the heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism (5) comprises:
a heterogeneous paste print head (11);
one end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head (11) is provided with an internal thread, and the other end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head (11) is of an inverted conical structure; and
a feed conduit (12), wherein one end of the feed conduit (12) is provided with an external thread;
the internal thread end of the heterogeneous slurry printing head (11) is in adaptive connection with the external thread end of the feeding conduit (12);
the other end of the feeding conduit (12) is connected with a hose (13);
the feeding conduit (12) is connected with a slurry storage tank (14) through a hose (13); wherein
The slurry storage tank (14) is connected with an air compressor (15) through a hose (13);
imitative lobster eye focus normal position pulse highlight sintering machine constructs (6) and includes:
a lobster eye imitated focusing highlight structure (21);
the lobster eye imitating focusing highlight structure (21) is in threaded connection with one end of the connecting pipe (22);
the other end of the connecting pipe (22) is connected with a lamp holder (23);
the lobster-eye-imitated focusing highlight structure (21) is flexibly connected with the Y-direction guide rail (421) through the lamp holder (23);
the lobster eye imitating focusing highlight structure (21) is in threaded connection with one end of the air inlet pipe (24);
the other end of the air inlet pipe (24) is connected with a protective gas cylinder (25);
the lobster eye imitated focusing highlight structure (21) is connected with the Y-axis motion structure (42) and the Z-axis motion structure (43) at the same time; and is
The lobster-eye-imitated focusing highlight structure (21) respectively realizes Y-direction movement and Z-direction movement through a Y-direction guide rail (421);
imitative lobster eye focus highlight structure (21) includes:
a wall body (211);
a cantilever (212), the cantilever (212) being disposed at an upper end of the wall (211);
the cantilever (212) is fixedly connected with the connecting pipe (22); and
the pulse floodlight (213), the pulse floodlight (213) is connected to the wall body (211) in a threaded manner and is positioned inside the wall body (211);
imitative lobster eye focus highlight structure (21) still includes:
a lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure (214);
the included angle range of each group of holes in the lobster-eye-imitating coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure (214) and the vertical direction is more than or equal to 2 degrees and less than or equal to 4 degrees;
the number range of the lobster-imitating compound eye clear holes in the lobster-imitating coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure (214) is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 3600 b;
the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure (214) is formed by adopting gold-plated nickel-based metal glass through ultrasonic welding;
the thickness range of the gold-plated nickel-based metal glass thin material in the lobster eye-imitating coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure (214) is that c is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 100 micrometers, and the thickness range of the gold-plated layer is that d is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 2 micrometers.
2. The lobster eye-like focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said Y-axis motion structure (42) comprises:
the heterogeneous slurry printing head (11) is flexibly connected to the Y-direction guide rail (421);
the Y-direction guide rail (421) is movably connected with the Z-axis moving structure (43) through a base (422);
a first stepping motor (423) is arranged on the base (422);
the first stepping motor (423) is in driving connection with a first driving wheel (424);
the first driving wheel (424) is synchronously connected with a first driven wheel (426) through a first synchronous belt (425);
one side of the first synchronous belt (425) is fixedly connected with the heterogeneous slurry printing head (11) through a first sliding block (427);
the first stepping motor (423) drives the first driving wheel (424) to rotate to form a first driven wheel (426) to rotate synchronously so as to realize that the heterogeneous slurry printing head (11) forms Y-direction movement along the Y-direction guide rail (421).
3. The lobster eye-like focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said Z-axis motion structure (43) comprises:
a Z-direction guide rail (431), wherein the Z-direction guide rail (431) is attached to two sides of the bracket (3) and is vertical to the Y-direction guide rail (421);
the base (422) is movably arranged on the lead screw component (432);
the screw rod assembly (432) is connected with the second stepping motor (433) through a spring coupling (434);
the second sliding block (435) is hinged with the lead screw assembly (432); wherein
The second sliding block (435) is connected with the Z-direction guide rail (431) through threads;
the second stepping motor (433) drives the screw rod assembly (432) to rotate so as to realize that the Y-direction guide rail (421) moves along the Z-direction guide rail (431) in the Z direction.
4. The lobster eye-like focused pulse highlight in-situ forming 4D printing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said X-axis motion structure (41) comprises:
an X-direction guide rail (411), wherein the X-direction guide rail (411) is formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1);
an installation groove (412) is formed between the adjacent X-direction guide rails (411);
a third stepping motor (413) is arranged at one end of the mounting groove (412);
the third stepping motor (413) is in driving connection with a second driving wheel (414);
the second driving wheel (414) is synchronously connected with a second driven wheel (416) through a second synchronous belt (415);
the forming substrate (2) is in friction contact with a second synchronous belt (415); wherein
And the third stepping motor (413) drives the second driving wheel (414) to rotate to form a second driven wheel (416) to synchronously rotate so as to realize that the forming substrate (2) forms X-direction movement along the X-direction guide rail (411).
5. The lobster eye focusing pulse strong light in-situ forming 4D printing method using the lobster eye focusing pulse strong light in-situ forming 4D printing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in the 4D printing and forming process, the computer controls a multi-material slurry deposition printing head on the heterogeneous shape memory material slurry deposition mechanism (5) to select areas on the forming substrate to deposit slurry according to the type of the required deposition material;
step two: after a certain amount of slurry is deposited in a selected area, the forming substrate is moved to the side of the lobster-eye-imitated focusing in-situ pulsed strong light sintering mechanism (6), and according to the distribution of microstructures in the expected forming material or the joint strength between interfaces of heterogeneous materials, pulsed strong light is adopted for selected area in-situ sintering;
step three: after one or more layers or the whole is sintered and formed in situ by adopting strong pulse light, selective heat treatment or whole heat treatment is carried out on the sintered and cured and formed sample by regulating and controlling the distance between the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure (214) and the sintered and formed sample.
6. The lobster eye-imitated focused pulse strong light in-situ forming 4D printing method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that:
the shape memory material in the heterogeneous shape memory slurry is composed of one or more material powders of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyether ether ketone, polycaprolactone, nylon, nickel-titanium alloy, iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy, copper-nickel alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy and iron alloy (Fe-Mn-Si and Fe-Pd);
the particle size distribution range of the shape memory material powder in the heterogeneous shape memory slurry is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 25 microns, and the hypersensitive roundness range is more than or equal to 60 percent and less than or equal to 100 percent;
the single-channel width range of a settled layer in the slurry selective area is more than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 200 micrometers, and the thickness range of the settled layer is more than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to h and less than or equal to 200 micrometers;
the pulse high-light lamp source is a xenon lamp, the wavelength range of the pulse high light is more than or equal to 300 and less than or equal to 800nm, and the peak power range is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to m and less than or equal to 10 megawatts;
the lobster eye-imitated coaxial light-gathering and gas-gathering structure (214) has the light spot diameter adjustable range that n is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 20000 micrometers.
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