CN113500759A - Preparation device and method of high-bioceramic-content 3D printing wire - Google Patents
Preparation device and method of high-bioceramic-content 3D printing wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN113500759A CN113500759A CN202110769899.3A CN202110769899A CN113500759A CN 113500759 A CN113500759 A CN 113500759A CN 202110769899 A CN202110769899 A CN 202110769899A CN 113500759 A CN113500759 A CN 113500759A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/885—External treatment, e.g. by using air rings for cooling tubular films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/325—Calcium, strontium or barium phosphate
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a 3D printing wire with high bioceramic content, wherein the device comprises: wire rod forming device, it is used for accomplishing the extrusion moulding of wire rod, including the cavity, set up side by side first screw rod and second screw rod in the cavity and set up the die head of cavity discharge end, the cavity includes double screw rod chamber and single screw rod chamber, the second screw rod is arranged in the double screw rod intracavity, the length of first screw rod is greater than the second screw rod, first screw rod part is arranged in the double screw rod intracavity and part extend to in the single screw rod intracavity, the double screw rod chamber is close to on the outer wall of pan feeding end in proper order the interval be equipped with be used for throwing the first feed inlet of degradable macromolecular material, be used for throwing the second dog-house of dispersion auxiliary agent and be used for throwing the third feed inlet of biological ceramic material. The device and the method for preparing the high-bioceramic content 3D printing wire are suitable for preparing the high-bioceramic content wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical material manufacturing, in particular to a device and a method for preparing a 3D printing wire with high bioceramic content.
Background
3D printing is also called additive manufacturing, and is an advanced manufacturing technology for realizing three-dimensional structure molding by a layer-by-layer deposition method on the basis of a digital model. In 3D printing, the application of FDM technology is the most extensive, and it uses the 3D who prepares in advance to print the wire rod, has characteristics such as not being restricted by the use place, easy and simple to handle, economical and practical.
The 3D printing technology has wide application prospect in the field of medical orthopedic implants, the bionic artificial bone can be customized according to the bone defect condition of a patient through the 3D printing technology, the aperture and the porosity of the bionic design are favorable for migration of bone cells and climbing growth of blood vessels and bone tissues, and the bone repair speed is accelerated. The adoption FDM 3D printing technology for preparing the bioabsorbable orthopedic implant represents the latest technical development direction in the field, and the core problem is to prepare the 3D printing bioabsorbable composite wire with high bioceramic content.
The bio-absorbable composite material is mainly prepared by compounding calcium-phosphorus-silicon bio-ceramic materials, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone and other synthetic degradable high polymer materials or collagen, chitosan and other natural degradable high polymer materials according to different formula principles. The biological ceramic material is also called bone induction repair matrix, and has the important functions of promoting the growth of bone cells and accelerating the bone repair progress. The natural or synthetic degradable high molecular material mainly plays the roles of bonding and molding the bioactive ceramic powder in the composite material. The higher the proportion of the biological ceramic material is, the stronger the whole osteoinductivity of the composite material is, and the more beneficial to bone healing is.
Research shows that when the mass percentage of the biological ceramic material in the composite material exceeds 50 percent, the processing performance of the composite material is obviously reduced. Meanwhile, as the content of the bioactive ceramic is increased, the number of agglomerate particles in the composite material is increased, the 3D printing performance of the composite material wire is deteriorated, and the plug phenomenon in the printing process is obviously aggravated. The main reason is that the particle size of the biological ceramic material powder is usually between micron and nanometer, the specific surface area is large, and the self viscosity of the degradable high polymer material is also high in a molten state. In the combined machining process, along with biological ceramic material's increase, composite material's viscosity rises, and dispersion efficiency reduces, and degradable macromolecular material is difficult to effectively wrap up biological ceramic material powder, and the reunion phenomenon between the powder is more and more serious, leads to the production and processing difficulty, and at the printing in-process, the 3D print head is stopped up very easily to the bioactive ceramic reunion in the wire rod, causes 3D to print the process and breaks continuously or even can't print.
Some researchers tried to adopt a solvent method to mix and disperse ceramic powder and a high polymer material in a solvent with good solubility, so as to reduce the viscosity of the system as much as possible and improve the production processability of wires. The main problems of this method are: 1. the solvent with better solubility for the degradable high molecular material is generally difficult to meet the medical grade requirement, and has certain toxicity and even carcinogenicity to human bodies; 2. a solvent removing process is required to be added at the later stage of wire processing and forming, and the cost and the difficulty are high when the solvent in the wire is completely removed; 3. due to the existence of the solvent, fire-fighting and environmental-protection hidden dangers such as flammability and explosiveness, solvent leakage and the like exist in the production and processing process, and the production difficulty and the safety risk are greatly increased.
With FDM 3D printing technology, the most common wire diameter is 1.75 ± 0.05 mm. The texture uniformity and the diameter stability of the wire directly influence the mechanical property, the dimensional precision and the surface quality of a printed finished product. The main method for preparing the 3D printing wire rod at present is to adopt double-screw mixing granulation and then manufacture the wire rod through a single screw, but the medical-grade composite wire rod with high bioactive ceramic content is prepared by adopting the method, the bioactive ceramic content hardly exceeds 50 percent and is poor in bone induction and repair performance when used as an orthopedic implantation material, and the orthopedic implantation raw material is expensive, so that the excessive working procedures easily cause material waste and the economic value is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for preparing a 3D printing wire with high bioceramic content.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a preparation facilities of high biological ceramic content 3D printing wire rod includes:
wire rod forming device, it is used for accomplishing the extrusion moulding of wire rod, including the cavity, set up side by side first screw rod and second screw rod in the cavity and set up the die head of cavity discharge end, the cavity includes double screw rod chamber and single screw rod chamber, the second screw rod is arranged in the double screw rod intracavity, the length of first screw rod is greater than the second screw rod, first screw rod part is arranged in the double screw rod intracavity and part extend to in the single screw rod intracavity, the double screw rod chamber is close to on the outer wall of pan feeding end in proper order the interval be equipped with be used for throwing the first feed inlet of degradable macromolecular material, be used for throwing the second dog-house of dispersion auxiliary agent and be used for throwing the third feed inlet of biological ceramic material.
Furthermore, six sections are arranged in the cavity from the feeding end to the discharging end, and the six sections comprise a first section for feeding and melting the degradable high polymer material, a second section for feeding and mixing the dispersing auxiliary agent with the degradable high polymer material, a third section for feeding the biological ceramic material, a fourth section for shearing and dispersing the material, a fifth section for propelling by double screws and a sixth section for extruding by single screws which are arranged in sequence;
the temperature control components are respectively arranged in the six sections, the temperature of the first section is 60-240 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 120-300 ℃, the temperature of the fifth section is 100-280 ℃, and the temperature of the sixth section is 90-270 ℃.
Furthermore, a transition cavity is arranged between the double-screw cavity and the single-screw cavity, the transition cavity is gradually reduced from the double-screw cavity to the single-screw cavity, and a first vacuum pumping hole is formed in the tail end of the transition cavity.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the transition cavity and the axial included angle of the second screw are 30-45 degrees.
Furthermore, the length of the double-screw section in the double-screw cavity is 600-700 mm, the length-diameter ratio is 40-50, the length of the single-screw section in the single-screw cavity is 120-180 mm, and the length of the transition cavity is 5-10 mm.
Further, also comprises
The cooling device is arranged at the discharge end of the wire forming device and is used for cooling and solidifying the wires extruded by the die head;
the heat treatment device is arranged at the discharge end of the cooling device and is used for carrying out heat treatment on the cooled wire;
the wire diameter measuring device is arranged at the discharge end of the heat treatment device and is used for measuring the diameter of the wire in real time;
the traction device is used for drawing the wire; and
the winding device is used for accommodating wires.
Furthermore, the heat treatment device comprises a heat treatment cavity, a second vacuum pumping hole arranged at the feeding end of the heat treatment cavity, and a hot air inlet arranged at the discharging end of the heat treatment cavity.
Further, the winding device comprises a winding box and a winding disc arranged in the winding box, and the winding box is provided with a heating device.
Based on the preparation device, the other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a preparation device for a high-bioceramic-content 3D printing wire rod comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the temperature of six sections of the wire forming device respectively, wherein the temperature of the first section is 60-240 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 120-300 ℃, the temperature of the fifth section is 100-280 ℃, and the temperature of the sixth section is 90-270 ℃;
(2) after the temperature of the six sections rises to a set temperature, starting the screw rod, and idling the screw rod;
(3) firstly, adding a degradable high polymer material through a first feeding port, adding a dispersing auxiliary through a second feeding port after the degradable high polymer material is molten, and adding a biological ceramic material through a third feeding port after the dispersing auxiliary and the degradable high polymer material are mixed;
(4) when the milky white slurry is extruded from the die head, opening a first vacuum pumping hole;
(5) and opening a hot air inlet of the heat treatment cavity, injecting high-temperature hot air, simultaneously opening a second vacuum extraction opening, starting a winding box heating device, manually dragging the extruded wire rod to a winding disc after passing through a cooling device, a heat treatment device, a wire diameter measuring device and a traction device, and adjusting the speed of the traction device until the wire diameter measuring device displays that the wire diameter is stable.
Further, the component ratio added in the step (3) is 50-90 parts of biological ceramic material, 8-49.5 parts of degradable high polymer material and 0.5-2 parts of dispersing auxiliary agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the structure of the wire forming device adopts the conversion from double helix to single helix, the materials are fed step by step in the double helix section, the materials can be fully mixed, and then the materials are uniformly extruded by the single screw section, so that the wire forming device is suitable for producing wires with high bioceramic content;
2. the wire forming device is provided with six sections, and each section is respectively provided with a temperature control component to control the temperature of each section, so that the materials are fully mixed and dispersed, the wires are uniformly extruded, and the wires with high bioceramic content are uniformly extruded;
3. a transition cavity is arranged between the double-screw cavity and the single-screw cavity, when the material is pushed to the tail end of the transition cavity, the pressure of the solution rises to the highest, a first vacuum pumping hole at the tail end of the transition cavity is opened, gas in the material can be pumped out, and when the material is pushed to the single-screw cavity, the front extrusion section keeps higher pressure of the solution, so that the material is extruded uninterruptedly and uniformly, and the accuracy and stability of the diameter of the wire extruded from the die head are ensured;
4. set up heat treatment device, the remaining moisture in wire rod surface can be dried, softens and eliminates the wire rod internal stress, avoids leading to the cracked problem of wire rod when the rolling because of the fragility of high biological ceramic content wire rod.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a device for preparing a 3D printing wire with high bioceramic content, in the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a first schematic structural diagram of a wire forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural view of a wire forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of a diameter measurement of a wire in a macroscopic state in example 3;
wherein:
1. a wire forming device; 1-1, a cavity; 1-1a, a double-screw cavity; 1-1b, a single screw cavity; 1-1c, a transition cavity; 1-2, a first screw; 1-3, a second screw; 1-4, a first feeding port; 1-5, a second feeding port; 1-6 and a third feeding port; 1-7, a first vacuum pumping hole; 1-8, a die head; 1-9, a temperature control component; 1C9a, an electric heating component; 1-9b, a temperature sensor; 1-9c, cooling flow channels;
2. a cooling device;
3. a heat treatment device; 3-1 heat treatment chamber; 3-2, a hot air inlet; 3-3, a second vacuum pumping hole;
4. a wire diameter measuring device;
5. a traction device;
6. a winding device; 6-1, winding a box; 6-2, and winding the disc.
Detailed Description
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific needs, and the implementation conditions not specified are generally the conditions in routine experiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for preparing a high bioceramic content 3D printing wire, including a wire forming device 1, a cooling device 2, a heat treatment device 3, a wire diameter measuring device 4, a traction device 5, and a winding device 6, which are sequentially disposed.
Referring to fig. 3, a wire forming device 1 is used for dispersive mixing of composite materials and extrusion forming of wires, and comprises a cavity 1-1, a first screw 1-2 and a second screw 1-3 which are arranged in the cavity 1-1 side by side, and a die head 1-8 arranged at the discharge end of the cavity 1-1, wherein the cavity 1-1 comprises a double-screw cavity 1-1a and a single-screw cavity 1-1b, the second screw 1-3 is arranged in the double-screw cavity 1-1a, the length of the first screw 1-2 is larger than that of the second screw 1-3, part of the first screw 1-2 is arranged in the double-screw cavity 1-1a and part of the first screw extends into the single-screw cavity 1-1b, and first feeding ports 1-4 for feeding degradable high polymer materials are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the double-screw cavity 1-1a close to the feeding end at intervals, A second feeding port 1-5 for adding the dispersing auxiliary agent and a third feeding port 1-6 for adding the biological ceramic material, so that the degradable high polymer material, the dispersing auxiliary agent and the biological ceramic material can be added into the cavity 1-1 step by step.
Wherein, the degradable polymer material is one or a copolymer of more materials of PCL, PLA, PGA, PEG and the like. The biological ceramic material is one or a mixture of several of biological ceramics such as nano hydroxyapatite, nano tricalcium phosphate and the like. The dispersing auxiliary agent is wetting dispersant, mainly plant extracts or derivatives thereof which are harmless to human body, such as palmitic acid amide, oleic acid amide, erucic acid amide and the like. All of the above materials are biomedical grade.
The length of the double-screw section in the double-screw cavity 1-1a is 600-700 mm, the length-diameter ratio is 40-50, the length of the single-screw section in the single-screw cavity 1-1b is 120-180 mm,
in the embodiment, a transition cavity 1-1c is arranged between a double-screw cavity 1-1a and a single-screw cavity 1-1b, the transition cavity 1-1c is gradually reduced from the double-screw cavity 1-1a to the single-screw cavity 1-1b so that the double-screw cavity 1-1a is smoothly transited to the single-screw cavity 1-1b, a first vacuum pumping hole 1-7 is arranged at the tail end of the transition cavity 1-1c, an included angle between the inner wall of the transition cavity 1-1c and the axial direction of a second screw 1-3 is 30-45 degrees, and the length is 5-10 mm. When the material in the double screw is pushed to the transition cavity 1-1c, the material is transited from the double screw cavity 1-1a to the single screw cavity 1-1b, the whole pressure of the material is continuously increased due to the reduction of the melt space, so that the residual gas in the material is extruded to be released, when the material is pushed to the tail end of the transition cavity 1-1c, the melt pressure is increased to the highest, the gas in the material is smoothly pumped out by opening the first vacuum pumping hole 1-7 arranged at the tail end of the transition cavity 1-1c, when the material is completely pushed to the single screw section, the front extrusion section keeps higher melt pressure, so that the material is continuously and uniformly extruded, and the accuracy and stability of the diameter of the extruded wire rod from the die head 1-8 are ensured.
In this example, the cavity 1-1 is provided with six sections from the feeding end to the discharging end, including a first section for feeding and melting the degradable polymer material, a second section for dispersing the additive and mixing with the degradable polymer material, a third section for feeding the bioceramic material, a fourth section for shearing and dispersing the material, a fifth section for propelling by the twin screws, and a sixth section for extruding by the single screws;
the six sections are respectively provided with temperature control components 1-9, referring to fig. 4, the temperature control components 1-9 comprise electric heating components 1-9a, temperature sensors 1-9b and cooling flow channels 1-9c which are arranged in each section, the electric heating components 1-9a can adopt electric heating wires, the cooling flow channels 1-9c are provided with water inlets and water outlets, the electric heating components 1-9a and the temperature sensors 1-9b are respectively connected with a temperature controller in a signal mode, the flow rate of the cooling flow channels 1-9c is controlled by the temperature controller, when the temperature of a certain section is lower than a set temperature, the temperature controller controls the section of electric heating components 1-9a to be heated until the temperature reaches the set temperature, and when the temperature of the certain section is higher than the set temperature, the section of electric heating components 1-9a stop heating, and the cooling water injection valve of the section is automatically opened under the control of the temperature controller, the cooling water flows into the water channel in the cavity of the section to cool the cavity of the section, and the water injection valve is automatically closed until the set temperature is reached. Specifically, the temperature of the first section is 60-240 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 120-300 ℃, the temperature of the fifth section is 100-280 ℃, and the temperature of the sixth section is 90-270 ℃.
And the cooling device 2 is used for cooling and solidifying the wires extruded by the die heads 1-8, in the embodiment, the cooling device 2 adopts a cooling water tank, and the temperature of cooling water is controlled to be below 10 ℃ so that the wires can be rapidly shaped and the size of the wires is fixed.
The heat treatment device 3 is used for carrying out heat treatment on the cooled wire rods and comprises a heat treatment cavity 3-1, a second vacuum pumping hole 3-3 arranged at the feeding end of the heat treatment cavity 3-1 and a hot air feeding hole 3-2 arranged at the discharging end of the heat treatment cavity 3-1. Hot air is introduced into the heat treatment cavity 3-1 through the hot air inlet 3-2 to dry residual moisture on the surface of the wire rod, and water vapor in the heat treatment cavity 3-1 is pumped away through the second vacuum pumping hole 3-3; the wire rod in the front-stage process is rapidly cooled in cold water, and the internal stress of the wire rod can be reduced and the brittleness of the wire rod can be reduced after the wire rod passes through the heat treatment cavity 3-1; the wire has high bioceramic content and is crisp as a whole, and the polymer material in the composite wire is softened through the heat treatment cavity 3-1, so that the wire can be conveniently wound.
The wire diameter measuring device 4 is used for measuring the diameter of the wire rod in real time and can adopt a diameter measuring instrument in the prior art.
And the traction device 5 is used for drawing the wire, and in the embodiment, two traction wheels which are correspondingly arranged up and down are adopted, and the diameter of the wire is controlled by controlling the traction speed.
The winding device 6 is used for accommodating wires and comprises a winding box 6-1 and a winding disc 6-2 arranged in the winding box 6-1, the winding box 6-1 is provided with a heating device, the heating device can adopt an electric heating mode in the prior art, the temperature is controlled by a temperature controller, and the residual moisture on the surface of the material can be dried again.
The preparation method of the preparation device for the 3D printing wire with the high bioceramic content comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the temperature of six sections of the wire forming device respectively, wherein the temperature of the first section is 60-240 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 120-300 ℃, the temperature of the fifth section is 100-280 ℃, and the temperature of the sixth section is 90-270 ℃;
(2) after the temperature of the six sections rises to a set temperature, starting the screw, setting the rotating speed to be 30-100 r/min, and idling the screw;
(3) firstly, adding a degradable high polymer material through a first feeding port, adding a dispersing auxiliary through a second feeding port after the degradable high polymer material is melted, and adding a biological ceramic material through a third feeding port after the dispersing auxiliary is mixed with the degradable high polymer material, wherein the distribution ratio of the biological ceramic material to the dispersing auxiliary is 50-90 parts of biological ceramic, 8-49.5 parts of degradable high polymer material and 0.5-2 parts of dispersing auxiliary;
in this example, a batch feeder is adopted for feeding, the batch feeder is the prior art, and the invention is not described again; specifically, the feeding amount of the degradable high polymer material is 1-5 g/min, the feeding amount of the dispersing auxiliary agent is 0.01-1 g/min, the feeding amount of the biological ceramic material is 1-54 g/min, and the diameter of a spinning nozzle of a die head is 1.8-1.9 mm;
(4) when the milky white slurry is extruded from the die head, opening a first vacuum pumping hole, and setting the pressure to be 0.02-0.05 Mpa;
(5) opening a hot air inlet of the heat treatment cavity, and injecting high-temperature hot air with ventilation pressure of 0.05Mpa and hot air temperature of 50 ℃; simultaneously opening a second vacuum pumping hole, wherein the pumping pressure is 0.05 Mpa; starting a heating device of the winding box, wherein the heating temperature is 50 ℃; and manually dragging the extruded wire to a cooling device, a heat treatment device, a wire diameter measuring device and a traction device, then hanging the wire on a winding disc, and adjusting the speed of the traction device until the wire diameter measuring device displays that the wire diameter is stabilized at 1.75 +/-0.05 mm. According to different materials, the temperature of hot air injected into the heat treatment cavity can be adjusted to be 50-100 ℃.
The following are specific examples of the preparation method according to the above:
by adjusting the feeding amount, the ceramic content in the composite material can be adjusted, and the device and the method can increase the proportion of the biological ceramic in the composite material to 50-90% and realize the manufacture of the 3D printing wire with high biological ceramic content.
Referring to fig. 5, a photograph of the diameter measurement of the wire in the macroscopic state in example 3 is shown, in which the diameter of the wire is uniform, and the data of the measured diameter of the wire meets the requirements of production and use.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a preparation facilities of high biological ceramic content 3D printing wire rod which characterized in that includes:
wire rod forming device, it is used for accomplishing the extrusion moulding of wire rod, including the cavity, set up side by side first screw rod and second screw rod in the cavity and set up the die head of cavity discharge end, the cavity includes double screw rod chamber and single screw rod chamber, the second screw rod is arranged in the double screw rod intracavity, the length of first screw rod is greater than the second screw rod, first screw rod part is arranged in the double screw rod intracavity and part extend to in the single screw rod intracavity, the double screw rod chamber is close to on the outer wall of pan feeding end in proper order the interval be equipped with be used for throwing the first feed inlet of degradable macromolecular material, be used for throwing the second dog-house of dispersion auxiliary agent and be used for throwing the third feed inlet of biological ceramic material.
2. The preparation device of high bioceramic content 3D printing wire of claim 1, wherein: the cavity is provided with six sections from the feeding end to the discharging end, and the six sections comprise a first section for feeding and melting the degradable high polymer material, a second section for feeding the dispersing auxiliary and mixing the dispersing auxiliary with the degradable high polymer material, a third section for feeding the biological ceramic material, a fourth section for shearing and dispersing the material, a fifth section for propelling by double screws and a sixth section for extruding by single screws which are arranged in sequence;
the temperature control components are respectively arranged in the six sections, the temperature of the first section is 60-240 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 120-300 ℃, the temperature of the fifth section is 100-280 ℃, and the temperature of the sixth section is 90-270 ℃.
3. The preparation device of high bioceramic content 3D printing wire of claim 2, wherein: the double-screw cavity and the single-screw cavity are provided with a transition cavity therebetween, the transition cavity is gradually reduced from the double-screw cavity to the single-screw cavity, and the tail end of the transition cavity is provided with a first vacuum pumping hole.
4. The preparation device of high bioceramic content 3D printing wire of claim 3, wherein: the inner wall of the transition cavity and the axial included angle of the second screw rod are 30-45 degrees.
5. The preparation device of high bioceramic content 3D printing wire of claim 4, wherein: the length of the double-screw section in the double-screw cavity is 600-700 mm, the length-diameter ratio is 40-50, the length of the single-screw section in the single-screw cavity is 120-180 mm, and the length of the transition cavity is 5-10 mm.
6. The manufacturing apparatus of the high bioceramic content 3D printing wire of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: also comprises
The cooling device is arranged at the discharge end of the wire forming device and is used for cooling and solidifying the wires extruded by the die head;
the heat treatment device is arranged at the discharge end of the cooling device and is used for carrying out heat treatment on the cooled wire;
the wire diameter measuring device is arranged at the discharge end of the heat treatment device and is used for measuring the diameter of the wire in real time;
the traction device is used for drawing the wire; and
the winding device is used for accommodating wires.
7. The preparation device of high bioceramic content 3D printing wire of claim 6, wherein: the heat treatment device comprises a heat treatment cavity, a second vacuum pumping hole arranged at the feeding end of the heat treatment cavity and a hot air inlet arranged at the discharging end of the heat treatment cavity.
8. The preparation device of high bioceramic content 3D printing wire of claim 6, wherein: the winding device comprises a winding box and a winding disc arranged in the winding box, and the winding box is provided with a heating device.
9. The preparation method of the preparation device of the high bioceramic content 3D printing wire according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) setting the temperature of six sections of the wire forming device respectively, wherein the temperature of the first section is 60-240 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 100-280 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 120-300 ℃, the temperature of the fifth section is 100-280 ℃, and the temperature of the sixth section is 90-270 ℃;
(2) after the temperature of the six sections rises to a set temperature, starting the screw rod, and idling the screw rod;
(3) firstly, adding a degradable high polymer material through a first feeding port, adding a dispersing auxiliary through a second feeding port after the degradable high polymer material is molten, and adding a biological ceramic material through a third feeding port after the dispersing auxiliary and the degradable high polymer material are mixed;
(4) when the milky white slurry is extruded from the die head, opening a first vacuum pumping hole;
(5) and opening a hot air inlet of the heat treatment cavity, injecting high-temperature hot air, simultaneously opening a second vacuum extraction opening, starting a winding box heating device, dragging the extruded wire rod to a winding disc after passing through a cooling device, a heat treatment device, a wire diameter measuring device and a traction device, and adjusting the speed of the traction device until the wire diameter measuring device displays that the wire diameter is stable.
10. The manufacturing method of the manufacturing apparatus of the high bioceramic content 3D printing wire according to claim 9, wherein: the component ratio added in the step (3) is 50-90 parts of biological ceramic material, 8-49.5 parts of degradable high polymer material and 0.5-2 parts of dispersing aid.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114247889A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-29 | 深圳市众德祥科技有限公司 | Film-coated 3D printing wire, film-coated extruder and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113500759B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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