CN113500235A - Machining method and machining clamp device for long and thin supporting piece - Google Patents

Machining method and machining clamp device for long and thin supporting piece Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113500235A
CN113500235A CN202110749215.3A CN202110749215A CN113500235A CN 113500235 A CN113500235 A CN 113500235A CN 202110749215 A CN202110749215 A CN 202110749215A CN 113500235 A CN113500235 A CN 113500235A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
elongated support
support member
processing
machining
milling
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Pending
Application number
CN202110749215.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邹翔
杨彦明
罗乔
张金亚
王德贵
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Guizhou Jonyang Kinetics Co Ltd
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Guizhou Jonyang Kinetics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Guizhou Jonyang Kinetics Co Ltd filed Critical Guizhou Jonyang Kinetics Co Ltd
Priority to CN202110749215.3A priority Critical patent/CN113500235A/en
Publication of CN113500235A publication Critical patent/CN113500235A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/002Milling elongated workpieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/062Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/062Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
    • B23Q3/064Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material for holding elongated workpieces, e.g. pipes, bars or profiles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method and a processing clamp device for a slender supporting piece, which sequentially comprise the following steps: forming an upper step and a lower step; fine milling the lower surface and the upper surface; finishing the secondary fine milling of the lower surface and the upper surface by using a processing clamp device; when the secondary finish milling is carried out on the lower surface and the upper surface of the elongated support, the multi-point stable support and positioning of a plurality of positioning blocks A which are distributed at intervals can be obtained, when a plurality of pressing plates are used for carrying out multi-point compression on the elongated support, the support positioned on a cushion block at the bottom is obtained, when the elongated support is milled, a slight vibration part generated is transmitted to a base through the cushion block, the slight vibration part is eliminated through air transmission in a beam taking groove, local deformation caused by excessive impact of the local part of the elongated support and the pressing plates can not be caused, and therefore the parallelism of the lower surface and the upper surface of the elongated support after the secondary finish milling meets the level precision; the problem of processing clamping anchor clamps and add man-hour to slender supporting piece, it leads to the deformation to be difficult to carry out the location processing to the step is solved.

Description

Machining method and machining clamp device for long and thin supporting piece
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machining method and a machining clamp device for a long and thin supporting piece, and belongs to the technical field of machining of car beams.
Background
In a used slender support member, a blank material is a medium carbon alloy steel bar material, the blank is in a slender shape, the length-diameter ratio of the blank is 20, after the blank is machined and formed to the slender support member (a slender support member is shown in figure 1), steps can be formed on the upper surface and the lower surface, the parallelism of the upper surface and the lower surface is required to reach 7-level precision, and when the blank is machined by using the conventional machining clamping clamp (a self-adaptive clamp for milling the slender support member, such as a thin-wall long beam with the Chinese patent publication number of CN 212735110U), the steps are difficult to position and machine, so that deformation is easy to generate during machining.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a processing method and a processing clamp device for a slender bearing piece.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a processing method of a slender supporting piece, which comprises the following steps of sequentially finishing: forming an upper step and a lower step; fine milling the lower surface and the upper surface; and finishing the lower surface and the upper surface by using a processing fixture device.
The step of forming the upper step and the lower step comprises the following steps: milling the upper step surface, then milling the lower middle groove, and ensuring that the thickness from the upper surface to the lower surface reaches the design size H +6mm of the slender bearing;
the step of forming the upper step and the lower step comprises a step of forming a blank before the step of forming the upper step and the lower step, wherein the step of forming the blank comprises the following steps: hot forging a medium carbon alloy steel bar for forming, normalizing after forging, cooling and straightening to form a blank, milling the left surface and the right surface of the blank to remove rough machining so as to ensure that the axial length reaches the total design length L of the slender support member, milling the upper surface, the lower surface, the front surface and the rear surface, hardening and tempering;
the following and upper finish milling comprises: respectively machining the upper step part and the lower step part of the slender support member blank in a cutting process at the front and the rear of the clamping, and reserving a margin of 0.75mm at one side after machining; turning over, clamping the machined upper surface and the machined lower surface to machine the front and the back of the blank to reach the qualified width size;
the following and upper secondary finish milling comprises the following steps: the machining fixture device is arranged on a vertical machining center, the lower part of a slender support member blank is abutted and positioned with a plurality of two positioning blocks A at intervals, the left surface of the slender support member is abutted and positioned with a positioning bulge on a base, the slender support member is pressed on the base by a plurality of pressing plates which are padded with cushion blocks in a multi-point mode, the upper surface of the slender support member blank is subjected to finish milling, and the allowance of a single side of 0.75mm is removed through milling;
loosening a nut and a stud rotating pressure plate, tightly abutting and positioning two positioning blocks A at intervals between the upper surface after finish milling and the middle part of the nut, tightly abutting and positioning the right surface of a slender supporting piece and a positioning bulge on a base, pressing the slender supporting piece on the base by a plurality of pressure plates padded with cushion blocks at multiple points, performing finish milling on the lower surface of a slender supporting piece blank, and milling the margin of 0.75mm on one side;
the step of machining the mounting holes on the lower surface and the upper surface is included after the step of secondarily milling the lower surface and the upper surface, and the step of machining the mounting holes on the lower surface and the upper surface includes: drilling, boring and reaming the mounting holes penetrating through the steps below and above the elongated support;
the step of processing the lower and upper mounting holes comprises a shielding processing step after the step of processing the lower and upper mounting holes: the shielding plates are screwed and fixed in mounting holes below and above the elongated supporting pieces by using bolts, the plurality of elongated supporting pieces are distributed on the shielding tool at intervals, the joint surfaces below and above the elongated supporting pieces are shielded, the rest parts are shot-blasted, and then the stress of the elongated supporting pieces is removed;
the shielding processing step is followed by a painting step: and (5) carrying out paint spraying under the shielding effect of the shielding plate on the bonding surface and the mounting hole, and delivering to the warehouse after drying.
The machining jig device used in the method for machining an elongated support member includes: a base;
a plurality of pressure plates spaced apart and removably and rotatably secured to the base via a compression assembly for multi-point compression of the elongated support;
a plurality of positioning blocks A for carrying out multi-point positioning and abutting on the elongated support member, wherein the positioning blocks A are distributed at intervals and detachably fixed on the base;
the tail end of the base in the length direction extends to form a positioning protrusion, and the positioning block A and the positioning protrusion are combined to quickly and accurately position, calibrate and process reference for two surfaces of the long and thin supporting piece.
The pressing assembly comprises a nut and a bolt, a pressing plate and the nut are mounted on the bolt, the nut and the bolt are screwed, the pressing plate below the nut is downward, and the pressing of the pressing plate on the long and thin supporting piece is realized;
the cushion block is positioned at the bottom of the pressure plate and used for supporting the pressure plate and eliminating the transmission of vibration;
the pressing plate is provided with a U-shaped groove to form a notch, and the pressing plate is rotatably arranged with the bolt through the U-shaped groove;
a plurality of mounting grooves which are fixed with the vertical machining center through bolt assemblies are further formed in the two sides of the base;
the base is characterized in that beam taking grooves are formed in two end planes of the top surface of the base, adjusting cushion blocks inserted into the beam taking grooves for heightening the slender supporting members are further included, the adjusting cushion blocks are inserted into the beam taking grooves before machining for heightening the slender supporting members, the slender supporting members are pushed out from the beam taking grooves at the bottoms of the slender supporting members after the slender supporting members are installed on the top surface of the base in a milling machining mode, the rotating speed of the beam taking grooves is high when the slender supporting members are milled, once the vibration frequency is high, and when the slender supporting members vibrate at the high frequency, a part of vibration is eliminated through air in the beam taking grooves.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the lower surface and the upper surface of the elongated support are subjected to secondary finish milling, multi-point stable support and positioning of a plurality of positioning blocks A distributed at intervals can be obtained, meanwhile, a plurality of pressing plates can be used for pressing the elongated support at multiple points to obtain support positioned on a cushion block at the bottom, when the elongated support is subjected to milling, a slight vibration part generated is transmitted to a base through the cushion block, the slight vibration part is eliminated through air transmission in a beam taking groove, local deformation caused by excessive impact of the local part of the elongated support and the pressing plates can not be caused, and therefore the parallelism of the lower surface and the upper surface of the elongated support after the secondary finish milling meets the level precision; the clamping fixture solves the problem that the existing clamping fixture is difficult to position and process the step when processing the slender supporting piece, so that the deformation is easy to generate during processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an elongated support structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an elongated support member blank of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an elongated support member of the present invention machined from above and below;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an elongated support member of the present invention machining an underlying intermediate groove;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an elongated support member of the present invention after machining the upper and lower faces;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an elongated support member of the present invention machined on a machining fixture apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a lower portion of an elongated support member being machined on a machining fixture apparatus in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an elongated support member of the present invention after machining a mounting hole;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an elongated support member of the present invention mounted to a shielding tool;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the machining jig device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
See fig. 1-9.
The invention relates to a method for processing an elongated support member, which comprises the following steps:
step one, blank forming: firstly, taking a medium carbon alloy steel bar for hot forging forming, carrying out normalizing treatment after forging, cooling and then straightening to form a blank, milling the blank on a common planer type milling machine to remove the rough left surface and the rough right surface to ensure that the axial length reaches the total design length L of the slender supporting piece 8, milling the upper surface, the lower surface, the front surface and the rear surface, then tempering, and tempering to obtain a good tissue structure to meet the requirements of tensile property and low-temperature impact property, as shown in figure 2;
step two, forming an upper step and a lower step; milling the upper step surface by a common planomiller, as shown in fig. 3, milling the lower step surface, and milling the lower middle groove, as shown in fig. 4, so as to ensure that the thickness from the upper surface to the lower surface reaches the design size H +6mm of the slender supporting member 8;
step three, fine milling the lower surface and the upper surface; using a vertical machining center for finish milling, clamping the front and the back, respectively machining the upper and the lower step parts of the blank of the slender support member 8 by 2 times, and leaving a 0.75mm allowance on a single side after machining; turning over, clamping the machined upper surface and the machined lower surface to machine the front and the rear surfaces of the blank to reach the qualified width dimension, as shown in figure 5;
step four, secondary fine milling is carried out on the lower surface and the upper surface; mounting the blank of the elongated support member 8 on a vertical machining center by using a machining clamp device, abutting the lower part of the blank of the elongated support member 8 with a plurality of two spaced positioning blocks A21, abutting the left surface of the elongated support member 8 with a positioning projection 11 on a base 1, pressing the elongated support member 8 on the base 1 by a plurality of pressing plates 3 padded with cushion blocks 4 at multiple points, and performing finish milling on the upper surface of the blank of the elongated support member 8 to remove the allowance of a single side of 0.75mm, as shown in FIG. 6;
loosening the nut 6 and the rotary pressing plate 3 of the stud bolt 5 to loosen, tightly positioning the finely milled upper surface and two positioning blocks A21 at intervals between the finely milled upper surface and the positioning blocks A21, tightly positioning the right surface of the elongated support member 8 and the positioning protrusions 11 on the base 1, tightly pressing the elongated support member 8 on the base 1 at multiple points by the pressing plates 3 padded with the cushion blocks 4, finely milling the lower surface of the blank of the elongated support member 8, and milling the margin with a single edge of 0.75mm, as shown in FIG. 7; when the secondary finish milling is carried out on the lower surface and the upper surface of the elongated support 8, multi-point stable support and positioning of a plurality of positioning blocks A21 distributed at intervals can be obtained, meanwhile, when a plurality of pressing plates 3 carry out multi-point pressing on the elongated support 8, support positioned on a bottom cushion block 4 is obtained, when the elongated support 8 carries out milling, a slight vibration part generated is transmitted to the base 1 through the cushion block 4, the transmission of air in the beam taking groove 13 of the slight vibration part is eliminated, local deformation caused by local excessive impact between the elongated support 8 and the pressing plates 3 can not be caused, and therefore the parallelism of the lower surface and the upper surface of the elongated support 8 after the secondary finish milling meets the precision of 7 grades; the problem that the step is difficult to position and process when the long and thin supporting piece 8 is processed by the existing processing clamping fixture is solved, and the deformation is easy to generate during processing.
Fifthly, processing mounting holes on the lower surface and the upper surface; drilling, boring and reaming the mounting holes penetrating the steps below and above the elongated support member 8, as shown in fig. 8;
step six, shielding and processing; the shielding plate 311 is screwed and fixed in the mounting holes below and above the elongated supports 8 by using bolts, the plurality of elongated supports 8 are distributed on the shielding tool 31 at intervals, the joint surfaces below and above the elongated supports 8 are shielded, the rest parts are shot-blasted, and then the stress of the elongated supports 8 is removed, as shown in fig. 9;
step seven, spraying paint; and (4) performing paint spraying under the shielding effect of the shielding plate 311 on the bonding surface and the mounting hole, and delivering to a warehouse after drying.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 10, the machining jig device used in the method for machining an elongated support member includes: a base 1;
a plurality of pressure plates 3, wherein the plurality of pressure plates 3 are distributed at intervals and are detachably and rotatably fixed on the base 1 through a pressing assembly to press the elongated support 8 at multiple points;
a plurality of positioning blocks A21 for positioning the elongated support member 8 at multiple points in close proximity thereto, the plurality of positioning blocks A21 being spaced apart and removably secured to the base 1 by screws;
the end of the base 1 in the length direction extends to form a positioning protrusion 11, and the positioning block A21 and the positioning protrusion 11 are combined to quickly and accurately position and calibrate the processing reference of two surfaces of the elongated support 8.
The pressing assembly comprises a nut 6 and a bolt 5, a pressing plate 3 and the nut 6 are mounted on the bolt 5, the nut 6 and the bolt 5 are screwed, the pressing plate 3 below the nut 6 is downward, and the pressing of the pressing plate 3 on the long and thin supporting piece 8 is achieved.
The vibration-damping device further comprises a cushion block 4 positioned at the bottom of the pressing plate 3, and the cushion block 4 supports the pressing plate 3 and eliminates the transmission of vibration.
The pressing plate 3 is provided with a U-shaped groove to form a notch, and the pressing plate 3 is rotatably installed with the bolt 5 through the U-shaped groove.
A plurality of mounting grooves 12 which are fixed with a vertical machining center through bolt components are further arranged on two sides of the base 1.
The plane of two ends of the top surface of the base 1 is provided with beam taking grooves 13, the adjusting cushion blocks 7 which are inserted into the beam taking grooves 13 to heighten the slender supporting members 8 are further included, the adjusting cushion blocks 7 are inserted into the beam taking grooves 13 to heighten and adjust the slender supporting members 8 before machining, the slender supporting members 8 are installed on the top surface of the base 1 after milling machining, the slender supporting members 8 are pushed out from the beam taking grooves 13 at the bottoms of the slender supporting members 8, the rotating speed of the beam taking grooves 13 is high when the slender supporting members 8 are milled, once vibration frequency is high, and when the slender supporting members 8 vibrate frequently, vibration transmission is partially eliminated through air in the beam taking grooves 13.

Claims (10)

1. A method of machining an elongated support member, comprising the steps of, in order: forming an upper step and a lower step; fine milling the lower surface and the upper surface; and finishing the lower surface and the upper surface by using a processing fixture device.
2. A method of processing an elongated support member according to claim 1, wherein: the step of forming the upper step and the lower step comprises the following steps: the upper step surface is milled, then the lower middle groove is milled, and the thickness from the upper surface to the lower surface is guaranteed to reach the design size H +6mm of a slender support (8).
3. A method of processing an elongated support member according to claim 1, wherein: the step of forming the upper step and the lower step comprises a step of forming a blank before the step of forming the upper step and the lower step, wherein the step of forming the blank comprises the following steps: taking a medium carbon alloy steel bar for hot forging forming, normalizing after forging, cooling and straightening to form a blank, milling the left surface and the right surface of the blank to remove rough machining so as to ensure that the axial length reaches the designed total length L of the slender support member (8), milling the upper surface, the lower surface, the front surface and the rear surface, tempering and tempering.
4. A method of processing an elongated support member according to claim 1, wherein: the following and upper finish milling comprises: clamping the front and the back, respectively machining the upper and the lower step parts of the blank of the slender support member (8) by (2) times, and reserving a 0.75mm allowance for a single edge after machining; and turning over, clamping the machined upper surface and the machined lower surface, and machining the front surface and the rear surface of the blank to reach the qualified width dimension.
5. A method of processing an elongated support member according to claim 1, wherein: the following and upper secondary finish milling comprises the following steps: the machining fixture device is arranged on a vertical machining center, the lower part of a blank of the elongated support member (8) is abutted and positioned with a plurality of two spaced positioning blocks A (21), the left surface of the elongated support member (8) is abutted and positioned with a positioning bulge (11) on the base (1), the elongated support member (8) is pressed on the base (1) at multiple points by a plurality of pressing plates (3) padded with cushion blocks (4), the upper surface of the blank of the elongated support member (8) is finely milled, and the allowance of a single edge of 0.75mm is milled;
loosening the nuts (6) and the rotary pressing plates (3) of the stud bolts (5), enabling the finely milled upper surface to be abutted against and positioned by two positioning blocks A (21) at intervals, enabling the right surface of the long and thin supporting piece (8) to be abutted against and positioned by a positioning protrusion (11) on the base (1), enabling the long and thin supporting piece (8) to be pressed on the base (1) through multiple points by the pressing plates (3) padded with the cushion blocks (4), performing fine milling on the lower surface of a blank of the long and thin supporting piece (8), and milling out the allowance of 0.75mm on one side.
6. A method of processing an elongated support member according to claim 5, wherein: the step of machining the mounting holes on the lower surface and the upper surface is included after the step of secondarily milling the lower surface and the upper surface, and the step of machining the mounting holes on the lower surface and the upper surface includes: and drilling, boring and reaming the mounting holes penetrating through the steps below and above the elongated support (8).
7. A method of processing an elongated support member according to claim 6, wherein: the step of processing the lower and upper mounting holes comprises a shielding processing step after the step of processing the lower and upper mounting holes: the shielding plate (311) is screwed and fixed in mounting holes below and above the long supporting pieces (8) by using bolts, the plurality of long and thin supporting pieces (8) are distributed on the shielding tool (31) at intervals, the joint surfaces below and above the long and thin supporting pieces (8) are shielded, the rest parts are shot-blasted, and then the long and thin supporting pieces (8) are subjected to stress removal.
8. A method of processing an elongated support member according to claim 7, wherein: the shielding processing step is followed by a painting step: and (3) performing paint spraying under the shielding effect of the shielding plate (311) on the bonding surface and the mounting hole, and delivering to the warehouse after drying.
9. A machining fixture apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised by comprising: a base (1); a plurality of pressure plates (3), the plurality of pressure plates (3) are distributed at intervals and are detachably and rotatably fixed on the base (1) through a pressing component to press the elongated support (8) at multiple points; a plurality of positioning blocks A (21) for carrying out multi-point positioning and abutting on the elongated support member (8), wherein the positioning blocks A (21) are distributed at intervals and detachably fixed on the base (1); a positioning protrusion (11) extends from the tail end of the base (1) in the length direction, and a positioning block A (21) and the positioning protrusion (11) are combined to quickly and accurately position, calibrate and process the reference of two surfaces of the slender support piece (8).
10. The machining jig apparatus according to claim 9,
the processing clamp device also comprises a cushion block (4) which is positioned at the bottom of the pressing plate (3) and used for supporting and eliminating the transmission of vibration;
the pressing plate (3) is provided with a U-shaped groove which is rotatably arranged on the bolt (5);
a plurality of mounting grooves (12) are also formed in the two sides of the base (1);
the base (1) is provided with beam taking grooves (13) on two end planes of the top surface, and further comprises adjusting cushion blocks (7) which are inserted into the beam taking grooves (13) and used for heightening the slender supporting members (8), wherein the adjusting cushion blocks (7) are inserted into the beam taking grooves (13) before processing to heighten and adjust the slender supporting members (8), and vibration with high frequency on the slender supporting members (8) is partially transmitted and eliminated through air in the beam taking grooves (13).
CN202110749215.3A 2021-07-01 2021-07-01 Machining method and machining clamp device for long and thin supporting piece Pending CN113500235A (en)

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