CN113172449B - Rapid positioning device for machining plate-shaped fatigue sample numerical control machine tool and using method thereof - Google Patents
Rapid positioning device for machining plate-shaped fatigue sample numerical control machine tool and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113172449B CN113172449B CN202110293559.8A CN202110293559A CN113172449B CN 113172449 B CN113172449 B CN 113172449B CN 202110293559 A CN202110293559 A CN 202110293559A CN 113172449 B CN113172449 B CN 113172449B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
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Abstract
板状疲劳试样数控机床加工用快速定位装置，包括固定托板、限位挡板和支撑组件，固定托板呈水平设置的矩形板状结构，限位挡板竖直设置在矩形固定托板其中一条长度边的下方，并与固定托板一起组构成一个开口向下的L形结构，支撑组件装配在固定托板的下表面上。本发明的快速定位装置，通过装置中固定托板、T型导轨、可移动式限位块、定位槽、避空加工槽等结构的设置，可将具有不同规格的板状疲劳试样在数控机床上的坐标系统一在同一位点，以实现试样的快速定位和加工时的可靠固定，无需找基准和对刀即可实现直接加工，从而大大减少了试样的装配时间，提升了加工效率，保证加工质量，为板状疲劳试验的开展提供了重要的加工手段。
A quick positioning device for CNC machine tool machining of plate fatigue samples, including a fixed support plate, a limit baffle and a support assembly. The fixed support plate is a rectangular plate-like structure arranged horizontally, and the limit baffle is vertically arranged on the rectangular fixed support plate. Below one of the length sides, and together with the fixed support plate, form an L-shaped structure with an opening downward, and the support component is assembled on the lower surface of the fixed support plate. The rapid positioning device of the present invention can set plate fatigue samples with different specifications in the numerical control through the arrangement of fixed pallets, T-shaped guide rails, movable limit blocks, positioning grooves, hollow processing grooves and other structures in the device. The coordinate system on the machine tool is at the same position to achieve rapid positioning of the sample and reliable fixation during processing. Direct processing can be achieved without datum and tool setting, thus greatly reducing the assembly time of the sample and improving the processing. efficiency, ensure the processing quality, and provide an important processing method for the development of the plate fatigue test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing devices of metal material samples, in particular to a rapid positioning device for numerical control machine processing of a platy fatigue sample and a using method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, the processing of the plate-shaped fatigue test sample is mainly carried out according to the standard requirements of GB/T3075 metal material axial fatigue test method, ASTME466 metal material axial force control equal-amplitude fatigue test method and the like. In specific implementation, mechanical equipment such as a sawing machine, a milling machine, a vertical machining center, a horizontal milling machine and the like is mainly used for machining, and machining processes of the mechanical equipment can be roughly divided into blanking, machining appearance, machining groove, low-stress grinding and the like. The methods of procedures such as blanking, appearance processing, low-stress grinding and the like are all relatively fixed, and mature processing technologies are provided. However, the tank process is currently performed in only two ways.
The first is to use a common milling machine for processing, the efficiency of the method is general, cutters with various specifications are required to be prepared, the processing quality and precision are not easy to guarantee, some non-standard arc sections can not be processed even, the reject ratio is high, and some precious materials dare not to be processed by common equipment at all; the second is to use a numerical control machine to process, which can solve the problem of processing precision and save a large number of tools, but the shape, size, etc. of the sample are greatly different depending on many factors such as the shape, size, specification, material, heat treatment state, machine load, clamping method, etc. When plate-shaped fatigue samples with different shapes and specifications are processed on the same numerical control machine tool, a centering rod is generally adopted to center four surfaces of the sample, then the zero point of the sample is set, and the zero point of a processing device is set according to the same method, so that the zero point unification of the machine tool, a workpiece and the device can be realized. The operation modes have the disadvantages of complicated process, more time consumption and low working efficiency.
Meanwhile, when plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications are processed by a numerical control machine, because the sizes and specifications of the samples are different, the position of each specification of the sample fixed on a machine tool workbench is changed, and each clamping also generates a clamping error, so that the workpiece coordinate system of the numerical control machine is required to be adjusted each time to eliminate the error; moreover, since the thickness specifications of the plate-shaped fatigue samples are different, the relative position between the tool and the sample of the numerically-controlled machine tool is changed, and the tool length compensation of the numerically-controlled machine tool needs to be calculated and adjusted each time. Therefore, the main problem that the multi-specification plate-shaped fatigue samples cannot be processed efficiently is that the samples with different specifications need to be subjected to complex operations such as reference finding, zero point finding, workpiece coordinate system adjustment, cutter compensation adjustment and the like every time. That is to say: if the above problem can be solved, the problem of efficiently processing the plate-like fatigue specimen can be solved.
At present, no device for quickly positioning and processing a multi-specification plate-shaped fatigue test sample exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a rapid positioning device for machining a plate-shaped fatigue sample numerical control machine and a using method thereof. The device is suitable for processing various plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications, can unify the plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications on the numerical control machine tool at the same position point so as to realize the quick positioning and the reliable fixing during processing of the samples, can realize the direct processing of the samples without finding a reference and tool setting for multiple times, greatly reduces the assembly time of the samples and improves the working efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the rapid positioning device for the numerical control machine tool processing of the plate-shaped fatigue sample comprises a fixed supporting plate, a limit baffle and a supporting component, the fixed supporting plate is of a horizontally arranged rectangular plate-shaped structure, the limit baffle is vertically arranged below one length edge of the rectangular fixed supporting plate, and forms an L-shaped structure with a downward opening together with the fixed supporting plate, the supporting component is assembled on the lower surface of the fixed supporting plate and comprises an even number of T-shaped guide rails which are symmetrically arranged left and right, each T-shaped guide rail is arranged in parallel to the width side direction of the rectangular fixed supporting plate, and each T-shaped guide rail can be matched and clamped in a T-shaped groove on the surface of the numerical control machine workbench to realize the assembly between the support component and the numerical control machine workbench, a plurality of tensioning screw holes are also formed in the upper surface of the fixing supporting plate, and the fixing supporting plate is fastened on a workbench of the numerical control machine tool through an external connecting bolt through the tensioning screw holes;
a rectangular clearance processing groove is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate, a plurality of drainage chip removal ports for discharging waste materials generated in processing are arranged on the length edge of the rectangular clearance processing groove, the center positions of two width edges of the rectangular clearance processing groove are respectively provided with a positioning groove which extends outwards, the two positioning grooves and the clearance processing groove form a cross-shaped groove structure for placing and processing the plate-shaped fatigue sample on the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate together, and the two positioning grooves in the cross-shaped groove structure are used for placing two clamping ends of the plate-shaped fatigue test sample, a pressing plate for pressing the end part of the plate-shaped fatigue sample downwards during processing is respectively arranged above the two clamping ends of the plate-shaped fatigue sample, the maximum distance between the two positioning grooves is larger than the length of the plate-shaped fatigue sample, and the depth of the two positioning grooves is smaller than that of the clearance-avoiding processing groove;
the movable limiting block is arranged in the rectangular clearance processing groove and can move back and forth along the length side direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove, the movable limiting block is composed of a compensation cushion plate and a positioning block, the compensation cushion plate and the positioning block are sequentially connected and arranged along the width direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove, the compensation cushion plate is arranged below the plate-shaped fatigue sample, the thickness of the compensation cushion plate is consistent with the size of the clearance processing groove, which is larger than the depth of the positioning groove, the upper surface of the compensation cushion plate and the bottom surfaces of the two positioning grooves are positioned in the same horizontal plane, the thickness of the positioning block is larger than the thickness of the compensation cushion plate, and a limiting space for limiting one clamping end of the plate-shaped fatigue sample is formed between the upper surface of the compensation cushion plate and the side surface of the positioning block.
Preferably, the limiting baffle is also in a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the length of the limiting baffle is consistent with that of the fixed supporting plate.
Preferably, the limit baffle and the fixed supporting plate are detachably connected through bolts.
Preferably, the supporting component and the fixed supporting plate are of an integral structure.
Preferably, the number of the tensioning screw holes on the fixing supporting plate is four, and the four tensioning screw holes are arranged at the four corners of the rectangular fixing supporting plate in a bilateral symmetry manner.
Preferably, the positioning block is of a cuboid structure, one side surface of the cuboid positioning block is attached to one length side of the rectangular clearance processing groove, and the other side surface of the cuboid positioning block, which is parallel to the length side of the rectangular clearance processing groove, and one side surface of the positioning groove are located in the same vertical plane.
Preferably, the compensation backing plate is also of a cuboid structure, and the shape of the upper surface of the compensation backing plate is consistent with the shape and size of the clamping end of the plate-shaped fatigue test sample.
The use method of the rapid positioning device for the numerical control machine tool machining of the plate-shaped fatigue sample comprises the following steps:
step one, installation of a quick positioning device
Each T-shaped guide rail in the quick positioning device is clamped in a T-shaped groove on a numerical control machine tool workbench, then a limiting baffle is attached to one length side of the numerical control machine tool rectangular workbench, the limiting baffle is fixed on the T-shaped guide rail by adopting a connecting bolt, and then the fixing support plate is fixed on the numerical control machine tool workbench by adopting the connecting bolt through a plurality of tensioning screw holes arranged on the fixing support plate;
step two, assembling of rectangular blank of plate-shaped fatigue sample
Placing a plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank machined by a common machine tool into a cross-shaped groove structure on the upper surface of a fixed supporting plate, and enabling one corner of a clamping end A of the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank to be tightly attached to one corner of one positioning groove on the fixed supporting plate;
step three, positioning of rectangular blank of long-plate-shaped fatigue sample
When the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the plate-shaped fatigue sample which is assembled in the step two reaches the position of the other positioning groove on the fixed supporting plate, the clamping end A and the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the plate-shaped fatigue sample are directly pressed downwards by two pressing plates from the upper part, and the positioning before the rectangular blank of the long plate-shaped fatigue sample is processed is completed;
step four, positioning of rectangular blank of short plate-shaped fatigue sample
When the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample which is assembled in the step two does not reach the position of the other positioning groove on the fixed supporting plate, the movable limiting block is placed in the clearance processing groove and moves left and right along the length edge direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove, so that a compensation pad in the movable limiting block is arranged below the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample, one side of the clamping end B is arranged in a manner of being tightly attached to the side wall of the limiting space in the movable limiting block, and then the clamping end A and the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample are pressed downwards by two pressing plates from above to complete the positioning before the rectangular blank of the short platy fatigue sample is processed;
step five, positioning the cutter
And (4) positioning the zero point of the cutter in the numerical control machine tool at the bottom corner of the positioning groove where the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank clamping end A is used for clinging to the corner in the second step, and then performing numerical control machine tool machining on the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank.
Has the advantages that:
according to the rapid positioning device for machining the platy fatigue samples by the numerical control machine tool, the coordinate systems of the platy fatigue samples with different specifications on the numerical control machine tool can be unified at the same position point through the arrangement of the structures such as the fixed supporting plate, the T-shaped guide rail, the movable limiting block, the positioning groove, the clearance-avoiding machining groove and the like in the device, so that the rapid positioning and the reliable fixing during machining of the samples are realized, and the direct machining can be realized without finding a reference and setting a tool. Therefore, the assembling time of the sample is greatly reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, the processing quality is ensured, and an important processing means is provided for developing a plate-shaped fatigue test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dimensional requirement structure of a plate-shaped fatigue specimen processed in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dimensional requirements of a fatigue test piece in sheet form processed in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the dimensional requirements of a fatigue test piece in plate form processed in example 3;
reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a fixed supporting plate, 2 parts of a limiting baffle, 3 parts of a T-shaped guide rail, 4 parts of a tensioning screw hole, 5 parts of a clearance-avoiding processing groove, 6 parts of a drainage chip-removing opening, 7 parts of a positioning groove, 8 parts of a plate-shaped fatigue sample, 9 parts of a movable limiting block, 901 parts of a compensation base plate, 902 parts of a positioning block.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained and explained in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The invention provides a device and a method for quickly positioning, finding a reference and setting a tool in the processing of multi-specification plate-shaped fatigue samples, aiming at the current situation that the high-efficiency processing cannot be realized when the plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications are processed by numerical control equipment. The device can be conveniently fixed on a workbench of a numerical control machine tool, and the fixing positions can be consistent when the device is used every time; the plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications can be well fixed on the device, and the samples with different specifications can share one numerical control workpiece coordinate system. When plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications are processed, the device is only required to be fixed on a numerical control machine tool workbench, and samples with different specifications are placed on a fixed supporting plate in the device, so that the unification of coordinate systems of the plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications can be realized, the rapid positioning can be realized, the direct processing can be realized without finding a reference and setting a tool, and the quality of the processed samples can be well ensured to meet the requirements of drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the fast positioning device for numerical control machining of the plate-shaped fatigue sample comprises a fixed supporting plate 1, a limiting baffle 2 and a supporting component, wherein the fixed supporting plate 1 is of a horizontally arranged rectangular plate-shaped structure, the limiting baffle 2 is vertically arranged below one length side of the rectangular fixed supporting plate 1 and forms an L-shaped structure with a downward opening together with the fixed supporting plate 1, the supporting component is assembled on the lower surface of the fixed supporting plate 1 and comprises an even number of T-shaped guide rails 3 which are symmetrically arranged left and right, each T-shaped guide rail 3 is arranged in parallel to the width side direction of the rectangular fixed supporting plate 1, each T-shaped guide rail 3 can be matched and clamped in a T-shaped groove on the surface of a numerical control machine workbench to realize the assembly between the supporting component and the numerical control machine workbench, a plurality of tensioning screw holes 4 are further arranged on the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate 1, the peripheral connecting bolt fastens the fixed supporting plate 1 on the workbench of the numerical control machine tool through the tensioning screw hole 4;
a rectangular clearance processing groove 5 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate 1, a plurality of drainage chip removal ports 6 for discharging waste materials generated in processing are arranged on the length edge of the rectangular clearance processing groove 5, a positioning groove 7 is respectively arranged at the center of two width edges of the rectangular clearance processing groove 5 in an outward extending way, the two positioning grooves 7 and the clearance processing groove 5 form a cross-shaped groove structure for placing and processing a plate-shaped fatigue sample 8 on the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate 1, the two positioning grooves 7 in the cross-shaped groove structure are used for placing two clamping ends of the plate-shaped fatigue sample 8, a pressing plate for pressing the end part of the plate-shaped fatigue sample 8 downwards in processing is respectively arranged above the two clamping ends of the plate-shaped fatigue sample 8, the maximum distance between the two positioning grooves 7 is larger than the length of the plate-shaped fatigue sample 8, the depth of the two positioning grooves 7 is smaller than that of the clearance processing groove 5;
a movable limiting block 9 which can move back and forth along the length direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove 5 is also arranged in the rectangular clearance processing groove 5, the movable limiting block 9 consists of a compensation backing plate 901 and a positioning block 902, the compensation backing plate 901 and the positioning block 902 are sequentially connected in the left-right direction along the width direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove 5, the compensation backing plate 901 is arranged below the plate-shaped fatigue sample 8 in a cushioning manner, and the thickness of the compensation liner 901 is the same as the depth of the clearance processing groove 5 larger than the positioning grooves 7, so that the upper surface of the compensation liner 901 and the bottom surfaces of the two positioning grooves 7 are positioned in the same horizontal plane, the thickness of the positioning block 902 is greater than that of the compensation base plate 901, so that a limiting space for limiting one clamping end of the plate-shaped fatigue test sample 8 is formed between the upper surface of the compensation base plate 901 and the side surface of the positioning block 902.
Preferably, the limiting baffle 2 is also in a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the length of the limiting baffle 2 is consistent with that of the fixed supporting plate 1.
Preferably, the limit baffle 2 is detachably connected with the fixed supporting plate 1 through bolts.
Preferably, the supporting component and the fixed supporting plate 1 are of an integral structure.
Preferably, the number of the tensioning screw holes 4 on the fixing support plate 1 is four, and the four tensioning screw holes 4 are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the rectangular fixing support plate 1.
Preferably, the positioning block 902 is a rectangular block structure, one side surface of the rectangular block 902 is attached to one length side of the rectangular clearance processing groove 5, and the other side surface of the rectangular block 902 parallel to the length side of the rectangular clearance processing groove 5 and one side surface of the positioning groove 7 are located in the same vertical plane.
Preferably, the compensating pad 901 is also in a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the shape of the upper surface of the compensating pad 901 is the same as the shape and size of the clamping end of the plate-shaped fatigue test specimen 8.
The use method of the rapid positioning device for the numerical control machine tool machining of the plate-shaped fatigue sample comprises the following steps:
step one, installation of a quick positioning device
Each T-shaped guide rail 3 in the quick positioning device is clamped in a T-shaped groove on a numerical control machine tool workbench, then a limiting baffle 2 is attached to one length side of the numerical control machine tool rectangular workbench, the limiting baffle 2 is fixed on the T-shaped guide rail 3 by adopting a connecting bolt, and then the fixing support plate 1 is fixed on the numerical control machine tool workbench by adopting the connecting bolt through a plurality of tensioning screw holes 4 arranged on the fixing support plate 1;
step two, assembling of rectangular blank of plate-shaped fatigue sample
Placing a plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank material processed by a common machine tool into a cross-shaped groove structure on the upper surface of a fixed supporting plate 1, and enabling one corner of a clamping end A of the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank material to be tightly attached to one corner of one positioning groove 7 on the fixed supporting plate 1;
step three, positioning of rectangular blank of long plate-shaped fatigue sample
When the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the long plate-shaped fatigue sample reaches the position of the other positioning groove 7 on the fixed supporting plate 1, the clamping end A and the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the long plate-shaped fatigue sample are directly pressed downwards by two pressing plates from the upper part, and the positioning before the rectangular blank of the long plate-shaped fatigue sample is processed is completed;
step four, positioning of rectangular blank of short plate-shaped fatigue sample
When the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample, which is assembled in the second step, does not reach the position of the other positioning groove 7 on the fixed supporting plate 1, the movable limiting block 9 is placed in the clearance processing groove 5, the movable limiting block 9 is moved left and right along the length direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove 5, a compensation base plate 901 in the movable limiting block 9 is arranged below the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample in a cushioning manner, one side of the clamping end B is arranged in a manner of being clung to the side wall of a limiting space in the movable limiting block 9, and then the clamping end A and the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample are pressed downwards by two pressing plates from above to complete the positioning before the rectangular blank of the short platy fatigue sample is processed;
step five, positioning the cutter
And (4) positioning the zero point of the cutter in the numerical control machine tool at the bottom corner of the positioning groove 7 where the corner where the clamping end A of the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank is used for being attached tightly in the step two, and then performing numerical control machine tool machining on the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank.
In the quick positioning device, the fixed supporting plate and the movable limiting block are combined for use, so that the fixation of plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications can be met. In order to ensure that the device can be fixed on a working table surface of a numerical control machine tool and the position is the same when the device is used at every time, according to the size of a T-shaped groove of the working table of the numerical control machine tool, a T-shaped guide rail matched with the T-shaped guide rail is designed, the T-shaped guide rail can be clamped into the working table of the numerical control machine tool, the T-shaped guide rail and four tensioning screw holes in a fixing supporting plate are used for fixing, the T-shaped guide rail and four connecting bolts can limit five degrees of freedom of the fixing supporting plate, a limit baffle is designed for fixing the relative position of the fixing supporting plate and the numerical control machine tool, the T-shaped guide rail can limit the sliding of the T-shaped guide rail in the T-shaped groove, and therefore the six degrees of freedom of the fixing supporting plate are limited, the fixing supporting plate and the numerical control machine tool are fixed, and the side surface of a plate-shaped fatigue sample in the fixing supporting plate is parallel to the length side direction of the rectangular working table of the numerical control machine tool. Meanwhile, a drainage chip groove is designed on the fixed supporting plate, so that the circulation of chip liquid and the quick removal of scrap iron during processing are ensured; a clearance-avoiding processing groove is designed, and the cutter of the numerical control machine tool is prevented from being cut to the fixed supporting plate during processing.
When the quick positioning device is used specifically, usually, a common machine tool is firstly utilized to process a rectangular blank of a plate-shaped fatigue sample, and the appearance of the rectangular blank is processed to the maximum cuboid size marked on a drawing. And then, a T-shaped guide rail in the device is clamped into a T-shaped groove of the numerical control machine tool workbench, the limit baffle is fixed on the T-shaped guide rail by clinging to the edge of the numerical control machine tool workbench, and the fixed supporting plate is downwards fastened by four tensioning screws to realize the fixation of the quick positioning device. When plate-shaped fatigue samples of different specifications are processed, only a rectangular blank of the sample is placed in a positioning groove of a fixed supporting plate, one end face and one side face of the sample are made to be attached to one corner of the positioning groove, then the two ends of the sample are compressed by a pressing plate, and the fixing of the samples of different lengths can be adjusted by a movable limiting block. Through the operation, the plate-shaped fatigue samples with different specifications can be relatively fixed with the device and the position of the numerical control machine tool, and a workpiece coordinate system of the numerical control machine tool, namely a reference zero point, can be shared; because the samples of different thickness share a fixed supporting plate, only need to fix the zero point of cutter in a base angle department of constant head tank, can realize the unity of the triaxial coordinate point of digit control machine tool X, Y, Z.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the fast positioning device of the present embodiment processes a plate-shaped fatigue sample with a length of 300mm, the material of the plate-shaped fatigue sample is titanium alloy, the specific processing specification of the plate-shaped fatigue sample is shown in fig. 2, the number of processed plate-shaped fatigue samples of the specification is 10, the processing method is the method provided by the present invention, and the statistical data results after processing are shown in table 2 below.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the fast positioning device of this embodiment processes a plate-shaped fatigue sample with a length of 170mm, the material of the plate-shaped fatigue sample is carbon steel, the specific processing specification of the plate-shaped fatigue sample is shown in fig. 4, the processing number of the plate-shaped fatigue sample with the specification of this embodiment is 10, the processing method is the method provided by the present invention, the statistics of the specifications of the samples to be processed is shown in table 1 below, and the statistics of the processed data is shown in table 2 below.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5, the fast positioning device of this embodiment processes a plate-shaped fatigue test specimen with a length of 170mm, the material of the plate-shaped fatigue test specimen is aluminum alloy, the specific processing specification of the plate-shaped fatigue test specimen is shown in fig. 5, the processing number of the plate-shaped fatigue test specimen with the specification is 10, the processing method is the method provided by the present invention, the statistics of the specification of the test specimen to be processed is shown in table 1 below, and the statistics of the data after processing is shown in table 2 below.
Comparative example:
the comparative examples of the present invention are three in total, and the plate-shaped fatigue test pieces to be processed in comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 are the same as those in examples 1, 2 and 3, respectively, and the number of processed pieces is also 10. The statistics of the specifications of the samples to be processed in comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 are shown in table 1 below, but the processing methods adopted in the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 are numerical control machine tool processing methods that require operations of reference finding, zero point finding, workpiece coordinate system adjustment, tool compensation adjustment and the like for samples of different specifications, which are conventional in the prior art. The statistical results of the data after the conventional processing are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 1 statistical table of sample specifications for each example and comparative example test
| Test specimen | Number of workpieces to be processed | Material of | Length (mm) | Width (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Radius of arc (mm) | Gauge length (mm) |
| Example 1 and comparative example 1 | 10 | |
300 | 50 | 4 | 160 | 50 |
| Example 2 and comparative example 2 | 10 | |
170 | 25 | 10 | 80 | 25 |
| Example 3 and comparative example 3 | 10 | |
170 | 20 | 3 | 25 | 25 |
TABLE 2 statistics of the data after processing of the examples and comparative examples
| Test specimen | Number of processed pieces | Clamping time (minutes) | Setting reference time (minutes) | Processing time (minutes) | Percent of pass |
| Example 1 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 42 | 100% |
| Example 2 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 60 | 100% |
| Example 3 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 53 | 100% |
| Comparative example 1 | 10 | 15 | 55 | 43 | 100% |
| Comparative example 2 | 10 | 20 | 60 | 59 | 90% |
| Comparative example 3 | 10 | 18 | 60 | 52 | 100% |
As can be seen from the relevant data in table 2 above: the clamping time for processing the plate-shaped fatigue test sample by adopting the rapid positioning device and the processing method is 15 minutes in total, the set reference time is 0, the processing time is 155 minutes, and the qualified rate of the processed product is 100 percent; when the same sample is processed by adopting a conventional processing method in the prior art, the total clamping time is 53 minutes, the set reference time is 175 minutes, the processing time is 154 minutes, and the qualified rate of the processed product cannot be completely guaranteed. From the above data, it can be seen that the clamping time and the time for setting the reference are greatly reduced after the device and the method of the present invention are adopted. Therefore, the rapid positioning device for the plate-shaped fatigue sample numerical control machine tool machining and the use method thereof have remarkable advantages and can provide an efficient solution for the machining of the plate-shaped fatigue sample.
Claims (7)
1. Quick positioner is used in processing of tired sample digit control machine tool of platelike, its characterized in that: the supporting device comprises a fixed supporting plate (1), a limiting baffle (2) and a supporting component, wherein the fixed supporting plate (1) is of a horizontally arranged rectangular plate-shaped structure, the limiting baffle (2) is vertically arranged below one length side of the rectangular fixed supporting plate (1) and forms an L-shaped structure with a downward opening together with the fixed supporting plate (1), the supporting component is assembled on the lower surface of the fixed supporting plate (1), the supporting component comprises an even number of T-shaped guide rails (3) which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, each T-shaped guide rail (3) is arranged in parallel to the width side direction of the rectangular fixed supporting plate (1), each T-shaped guide rail (3) can be clamped in a T-shaped groove on the surface of a numerical control machine tool workbench in a matching manner so as to realize the assembly between the supporting component and the numerical control machine tool workbench, and a plurality of tensioning screw holes (4) are further arranged on the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate (1), the peripheral connecting bolt fastens the fixed supporting plate (1) on a workbench of the numerical control machine tool through the tensioning screw hole (4);
a rectangular clearance processing groove (5) is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate (1), a plurality of drainage chip removal ports (6) used for discharging waste materials generated in processing are arranged on the length edge of the rectangular clearance processing groove (5), a positioning groove (7) is respectively arranged at the center position of two width edges of the rectangular clearance processing groove (5) in an outward extending way, the two positioning grooves (7) and the clearance processing groove (5) form a cross-shaped groove structure used for placing and processing a plate-shaped fatigue sample (8) on the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate (1), the two positioning grooves (7) in the cross-shaped groove structure are used for placing two clamping ends of the plate-shaped fatigue sample (8), a pressing plate used for pressing the end part of the plate-shaped fatigue sample (8) downwards in processing is respectively arranged above the two clamping ends of the plate-shaped fatigue sample (8), the maximum distance between the two positioning grooves (7) is greater than the length of the plate-shaped fatigue test sample (8), and the depth of the two positioning grooves (7) is less than that of the clearance-avoiding processing groove (5);
a movable limiting block (9) which can move back and forth along the length side direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove (5) is further arranged in the rectangular clearance processing groove (5), the movable limiting block (9) is composed of a compensation liner plate (901) and a positioning block (902), the compensation liner plate (901) and the positioning block (902) are sequentially connected and arranged along the width direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove (5) from left to right, the compensation liner plate (901) is padded below the plate-shaped fatigue sample (8), the thickness of the compensation liner plate (901) is consistent with the depth of the clearance processing groove (5) which is larger than the positioning grooves (7), the upper surface of the compensation liner plate (901) and the bottom surfaces of the two positioning grooves (7) are positioned in the same horizontal plane, the positioning block (902) is of a rectangular structure, one side surface of the rectangular positioning block (902) is attached to one length side of the rectangular clearance processing groove (5), the other side surface of the cuboid-shaped positioning block (902), which is parallel to the length side of the rectangular clearance processing groove (5), and one side surface of the positioning groove (7) are positioned in the same vertical plane, the thickness of the positioning block (902) is larger than that of the compensation base plate (901), and a limiting space for limiting one clamping end of the plate-shaped fatigue sample (8) is formed between the upper surface of the compensation base plate (901) and the side surface of the positioning block (902).
2. The rapid positioning device for numerical control machining of the plate-shaped fatigue specimen according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting baffle (2) is also of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the length of the limiting baffle (2) is consistent with that of the fixed supporting plate (1).
3. The rapid positioning device for the numerical control machine processing of the plate-shaped fatigue sample according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limiting baffle (2) is detachably connected with the fixed supporting plate (1) through bolts.
4. The rapid positioning device for numerical control machining of the plate-shaped fatigue specimen according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting component and the fixed supporting plate (1) are of an integrated structure.
5. The rapid positioning device for numerical control machining of the plate-shaped fatigue specimen according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the tensioning screw holes (4) on the fixing supporting plate (1) is four, and the four tensioning screw holes (4) are arranged at the four corners of the rectangular fixing supporting plate (1) in a bilateral symmetry mode.
6. The rapid positioning device for the numerical control machine processing of the plate-shaped fatigue sample according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compensating pad (901) is also in a cuboid structure, and the shape of the upper surface of the compensating pad (901) is consistent with the shape and size of the clamping end of the plate-shaped fatigue test sample (8).
7. The use method of the rapid positioning device for the numerical control machine tool machining of the plate-shaped fatigue sample according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, installation of a quick positioning device
Each T-shaped guide rail (3) in the rapid positioning device is clamped in a T-shaped groove on a numerical control machine tool workbench, then a limiting baffle (2) is attached to one length side of the numerical control machine tool rectangular workbench, the limiting baffle (2) is fixed on the T-shaped guide rail (3) by adopting a connecting bolt, and then the fixing support plate (1) is fixed on the workbench of the numerical control machine tool by adopting the connecting bolt through a plurality of tensioning screw holes (4) arranged on the fixing support plate (1);
step two, assembling of rectangular blank of plate-shaped fatigue sample
Placing a plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank machined by a common machine tool into a cross-shaped groove structure on the upper surface of a fixed supporting plate (1), and enabling one corner of a clamping end A of the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank to be tightly attached to one corner of one positioning groove (7) on the fixed supporting plate (1);
step three, positioning of rectangular blank of long plate-shaped fatigue sample
When the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample which is assembled in the step two reaches the position of the other positioning groove (7) on the fixed supporting plate (1), the clamping end A and the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample are directly pressed downwards by two pressing plates from the upper part, and the positioning before the rectangular blank of the long platy fatigue sample is processed is completed;
step four, positioning of rectangular blank of short plate-shaped fatigue sample
When the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample, which is assembled in the second step, does not reach the position of another positioning groove (7) on the fixed supporting plate (1), a movable limiting block (9) is placed in the clearance processing groove (5), the movable limiting block (9) is moved left and right along the length edge direction of the rectangular clearance processing groove (5), a compensation cushion plate (901) in the movable limiting block (9) is arranged below the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample in a cushioning manner, one side of the clamping end B is arranged in a manner of being tightly attached to the side wall of a limiting space in the movable limiting block (9), and then two pressing plates are adopted to downwards press the clamping end A and the clamping end B of the rectangular blank of the platy fatigue sample from above, so that the positioning before the rectangular blank of the short platy fatigue sample is processed is completed;
step five, positioning the cutter
And (4) positioning the zero point of the cutter in the numerical control machine tool at the bottom corner of the positioning groove (7) where the corner where the clamping end A of the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank is used for being attached tightly in the step two, and then performing numerical control machine tool machining on the plate-shaped fatigue sample rectangular blank.
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| CN114589550B (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-06-13 | 中航金属材料理化检测科技有限公司 | Processing method of U-shaped notch of sample for Charpy impact test |
| CN114833605B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-06-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Tooling and processing method for welding impact sample centering length process |
| CN115156864A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-11 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of processing method of thin plate fatigue specimen |
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