CN113496356B - Gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system and measurement and evaluation method - Google Patents

Gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system and measurement and evaluation method Download PDF

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CN113496356B
CN113496356B CN202110758983.5A CN202110758983A CN113496356B CN 113496356 B CN113496356 B CN 113496356B CN 202110758983 A CN202110758983 A CN 202110758983A CN 113496356 B CN113496356 B CN 113496356B
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CN113496356A (en
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张登攀
岳佳佳
李键
闫勇刚
郑义博
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Henan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system and a measurement evaluation method, wherein the system comprises a user client and a measurement evaluation cloud platform; the user client is used for providing gear information inquiry, gear deviation detection and gear detection result display for a user; the measurement and evaluation cloud platform comprises a gear information query module, a gear deviation detection module and a gear evaluation module; the gear information inquiry module is used for establishing a gear information base and inquiring and feeding back; the gear deviation detection module is used for carrying out gear deviation calculation; the gear evaluation module is used for evaluating whether the gear to be measured is qualified or unqualified; and then, taking the visual image, the deviation data and the evaluation result as gear detection results, and feeding back to the user client. The method and the device can improve the efficiency of the cloud digital exchange of the gear measurement data and the sharing of measurement resources, can realize the online measurement and evaluation of the gears, acquire the real data of the gears, and provide data support for gear manufacturers and gear buyers.

Description

Gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system and measurement and evaluation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gear measurement and evaluation, in particular to a gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system and a measurement and evaluation method.
Background
The gear is used as the most important basic part in high-end assembly manufacturing industry, and has very wide application in aerospace, wind power equipment manufacturing industry, shipbuilding industry, equipment manufacturing industry, automobile industry and the like. As gears are being produced that are transitioning from a low end to a high end, there is an increasing demand for gear devices, methods of gear measurement, and gear manufacturing. The gear measurement data is provided to facilitate adjustment of gear processing parameters and tracing of errors, and a foundation is laid for improvement of gear manufacturing accuracy.
With the continuous development of the internet and information technology, a big data age has come. In 3 2006, cloud computing was proposed as a new type of service computing model, making computing resources a professional service. Cloud manufacturing then emerges from this idea of cloud computing, in combination with the idea of manufacturing as a service. Cloud measurement has also evolved preferentially as measurement is an integral part of the overall manufacturing industry. The variety of gears is various, the structure is complex, the precision requirement is high, the geometric parameters are various, the processing error is easy to generate and the reason is complex, so that the cloud measurement of the data generated in the whole life cycle measurement of the gears is necessary.
Because the gear detection platforms and detection methods of various large manufacturers are different, the used programming languages, data interfaces and formats are inconsistent, a series of problems that the formats and contents of gear measurement data cannot be unified, the transmission is not timely and the like can be caused, and the gear production and manufacturing are greatly influenced.
On the other hand, in the existing gear transaction process, the problems of low communication efficiency and untimely process feedback exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system and a measurement evaluation method, which can improve the efficiency of gear measurement data cloud digital exchange and measurement resource sharing, realize online measurement and evaluation of gears based on a cloud platform, acquire real data of the gears and provide data support for gear manufacturers and gear buyers.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system comprises a user client for data interaction and a measurement and evaluation cloud platform;
the user client is used for providing gear information inquiry, gear deviation detection and gear detection result display for a user;
the measurement and evaluation cloud platform comprises a gear information query module, a gear deviation detection module and a gear evaluation module;
The gear information query module is used for establishing a gear information base according to gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data provided by a gear manufacturer, querying in the gear information base according to a gear information query request provided by a user through a user client, and feeding back a query result to the user client;
the gear deviation detection module is used for carrying out gear deviation calculation according to a gear deviation detection request which is provided by a user through a user client, combining tooth surface coordinate point cloud data provided by a gear manufacturer to obtain deviation data of a gear to be measured, and sending the obtained deviation data to the gear evaluation module; the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data comprise three-dimensional coordinate values of a plurality of tooth surface points on the gear to be measured;
the gear evaluation module is used for evaluating whether the gear to be measured is qualified or unqualified according to the deviation data sent by the gear deviation detection module and in combination with the gear precision parameter and the gear measurement evaluation standard selected by the user; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear evaluation module also stores deviation data into a gear information base.
The gear information inquiry module establishes a gear information base according to a standardized data model after standardized processing according to text files with different formats including gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data provided by different gear manufacturers; when the standardized processing is carried out, the gear information inquiry module firstly sets each input box in a gear manufacturer data uploading template in a manufacturer client according to a data structure, content and format defined in a standardized data model, and then a gear manufacturer carries out data input and uploading; finally, the gear information inquiry module stores the gear parameters uploaded by the gear manufacturer, the gear measurement equipment data, the gear three-dimensional model and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data into a gear information base;
the data columns of the standardized data model include: the gear parameter data module, the gear measurement equipment data module and the gear measurement standard module;
the gear parameter data module comprises gear number, gear category, tooth pitch, tooth number, tooth width, tooth thickness, diameter, modulus, normal phase modulus, helix angle, pressure angle, normal phase pressure angle, a gear three-dimensional model and tooth surface coordinate point cloud data; wherein, the diameter comprises a base circle diameter, a reference circle diameter, a top circle diameter and a root circle diameter;
The gear measurement equipment data module comprises equipment names, equipment models, main technical parameters, equipment numbers, factory building positions and working environments; wherein, the main technical parameters comprise modulus, maximum diameter and helix angle; the modulus includes a minimum modulus and a maximum modulus, and the helix angle includes a minimum helix angle and a maximum helix angle;
the gear measurement standard module comprises a tooth pitch deviation, a tooth profile slope, a spiral line slope, a tooth profile convexity, a gear tooth drum degree and a gear face distortion.
The gear deviation detection module is used for calculating the gear deviation according to the following method:
a: the gear deviation detection module calculates the tooth surface deviation value corresponding to each tooth surface point in the coordinate point cloud data of the tooth surface of the gear to be measured, which is provided by a gear manufacturer, through the following formula, and then combines the tooth surface deviation values corresponding to all the tooth surface points in the coordinate point cloud data to form the tooth surface deviation point cloud data;
wherein d lot The lower angle mark lot represents the constant coefficient according to the plumb line direction, K represents the constant coefficient, ρ represents the polar diameter, η b Represents the fundamental space width half angle, beta represents the helix angle, r b Represents the radius of the base circle, X represents the displacement coefficient, alpha n The normal pressure angle of the gear is represented, Z represents the number of teeth, the internal gear in the number of teeth is a negative value, the external gear is a positive value, inv represents an involute function, and alpha t Represents the pressure angle of the end face of the gear, x,y and z represent the coordinates of the tooth point in the x, y and z axes, respectively, in a three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system;
b: the gear deviation detection module performs coordinate conversion processing on coordinate value data and tooth surface deviation value of each tooth surface point in the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data, performs normalization processing after converting from a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system, and finally obtains tooth surface deviation point cloud data under the u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system after normalization processing;
c: the gear deviation detection module uses the first 6 terms of a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, and utilizes the tooth surface deviation point cloud data under the normalized u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system to obtain a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured through least square fitting;
the deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by using the first 6 items of the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, is as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A c2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
Equation coefficient A C0 、A C1 、A C2 、A C3 、A C4 And A C5 The method is used for evaluating the tooth pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope, the tooth profile convexity, the tooth drum degree and the tooth surface distortion respectively;
the deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by using the first 6 items of the two-dimensional Legendre polynomial as a basis function, is as follows:
coefficient A L0 、A L1 、A L2 、A L3 、A L4 And A L5 The method is used for evaluating the tooth pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope, the tooth profile convexity, the tooth drum degree and the tooth surface distortion respectively;
d: the gear deviation detection module sends the calculated tooth pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, spiral line slope, tooth profile convexity, gear tooth drum degree and tooth surface distortion of the gear to be evaluated to the gear evaluation module.
In the step B, when coordinate conversion processing is carried out, a gear deviation detection module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform firstly converts coordinate value data and a tooth surface deviation value of each tooth surface point in tooth surface coordinate point cloud data from a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system, and then carries out normalization processing on coordinate values (u, v, d) of the tooth surface point in the u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system to obtain coordinate values (u ', v', d), wherein the value range of a plane u 'v' is within [ -1,1 ]; the coordinate transformation formula is:
d＝d lot ；
Wherein u represents a coordinate value along the tooth profile direction, phi m Representing the polar angle, Λ nom Represents the initial angle of involute, r b Represents the radius of the base circle, ζ nom Representing tooth profile roll angle, θ k The spreading angle, v represents the coordinate value along the tooth width direction, Z represents the tooth number, beta represents the helix angle, d represents the coordinate value perpendicular to the uv plane direction, d lot Representing a tooth surface deviation value corresponding to the tooth surface point; involute starting angle lambda nom And tooth profile roll angle ζ nom Are all basic parameters of the gear to be measured;
when normalization processing is carried out, for any point (u, v, d) in a tooth surface coordinate system, the point is converted into (u ', v', d) according to the following mode, and finally converted into coordinate values (u ', v', d) of tooth surface points on a [ -1,1] rectangular area;
d＝d lot ；
wherein L is α Represents the value range of u, L β Represents the range of values of v.
In the step C:
when a two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is independently adopted as a basis function to calculate a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, setting a total of s tooth surface deviation point data in tooth surface deviation point cloud data;
establishing an equation set by using a least square method, and solving a deviation curved surface equation d by using the equation set C ：
The two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is used for solving a deviation curved surface equation defined under a u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system, wherein the deviation curved surface equation is as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A c2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
The pitch deviation is equal to A C0 Tooth profile slope equal to 2A C1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to-2A C2 Tooth profile convexity equal to 2A C3 Gear tooth drum degree is equal to-4A C4 Tooth surface twist equal to-2A C5 ；
When a two-dimensional Legend polynomial is independently adopted as a basis function to calculate a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, setting the total s tooth surface deviation point data in tooth surface deviation point cloud data;
establishing an equation set by using a least square method, and solving a deviation curved surface equation d by using the equation set L ：
D is found by a two-dimensional Legend polynomial L To define the surface equation of the deviation in the u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system is:
the pitch deviation is equal to A L0 Tooth profile slope is equal to A L1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to A L2 Tooth profile convexity equal to 1.5A L3 The gear tooth drum degree is equal to 2A L4 Tooth flank twist equal to 1.5A L5 。
In the step C:
respectively adopting a two-dimensional Legend polynomial and a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as basic functions to obtain corresponding deviation curved surface equations, and then selecting coefficients of the corresponding deviation curved surface equations according to evaluation requirements on different types of tooth surface deviations to obtain more accurate different types of tooth surface deviation evaluation results;
setting a total of s tooth surface deviation point data in tooth surface deviation point cloud data;
the deviation surface equation obtained by adopting the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial as the basis function is respectively as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A C2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
The deviation curved surface equation obtained by adopting the two-dimensional Chelerlet polynomial as the basis function is as follows:
when the convexity of the tooth profile and the distortion of the tooth surface are required to be accurately evaluated, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by using a two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is utilized c Solving the coefficients of the fourth term and the sixth term, wherein the convexity of the tooth profile is equal to 2A C3 Tooth surface twist equal to-2A C5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In need of accurate evaluation of teethWhen the distance deviation, tooth profile slope, spiral line slope and gear tooth drum degree are used, a two-dimensional Legend polynomial fitting deviation surface equation d is utilized L Solving coefficients of the first term, the second term, the third term and the fifth term, wherein the pitch deviation is equal to A L0 Tooth profile slope is equal to A L1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to A L2 The gear tooth drum degree is equal to 2A L4 ；
When more accurate fitting of curved surface peak values and details are needed, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is selected c As a final deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured; when the integral trend and the outline of the fitting curved surface are required to be more accurately, a deviation curved surface equation d which is fitted by a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial is selected L As a final offset surface equation for the gear to be measured.
The system also comprises a manufacturer client and a third party detection mechanism client;
the factory client is used for uploading the gear three-dimensional model, the gear parameters, the gear measurement equipment data and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data to the measurement evaluation cloud platform by a gear factory, and also is used for providing a gear deviation detection request by the gear factory through the factory client; the manufacturer client performs data interaction with the measurement and evaluation cloud platform;
The third party detection mechanism client is used for receiving a third party independent detection request of the gear deviation, which is provided by a user through the user client, and sending deviation data of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by independent detection of the third party detection mechanism, to the gear evaluation module; and the third party detection mechanism client performs data interaction with the measurement and evaluation cloud platform.
The measurement and evaluation cloud platform further comprises a transaction module;
the transaction module is used for receiving and storing order information sent by a user through a user client, wherein the order information comprises gear types, gear quantity, gear manufacturers, delivery time requirements, payment modes, receiver addresses, receiver contact modes and remark information, and the transaction module sends the order information to manufacturer clients used by the gear manufacturers appointed by the user; meanwhile, the transaction module is also used for receiving and storing order confirmation information, order production progress information, order delivery date and delivery certificate sent by the gear manufacturer through the manufacturer client, and sending the order confirmation information, the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to the user client used by the user.
A measurement and evaluation method of a digital measurement and evaluation cloud system using the gear according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
The first step: uploading text files containing a gear three-dimensional model, gear parameters, gear measurement equipment data and tooth surface coordinate point cloud data to a measurement evaluation cloud platform by a gear manufacturer through a manufacturer client; then entering a second step;
and a second step of: the gear information query module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform is used for establishing a gear information base after a text file provided by a gear manufacturer is standardized according to a standardized data model; then entering a third step; the method for establishing the gear information base is as claimed in claim 2;
and a third step of: the method comprises the steps that a user puts forward a gear information inquiry request and/or a gear deviation detection request through a user client and sends the gear information inquiry request and/or the gear deviation detection request to a measurement and evaluation cloud platform, and the measurement and evaluation cloud platform receives the gear information inquiry request and/or the gear deviation detection request;
the gear information inquiry module inquires gear information of the gear to be measured in the gear information base and feeds back an inquiry result to the user client; the gear information comprises a gear three-dimensional model, gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data;
the gear deviation detection module is used for calculating gear deviation of the gear to be measured by using the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data in the gear information base and sending the obtained deviation data to the gear evaluation module; after receiving the deviation data sent by the gear deviation detection module, the gear evaluation module performs qualified or unqualified evaluation on the gear to be measured by combining the gear precision parameter selected by the user and the gear measurement evaluation standard; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear deviation detection module stores deviation data into a gear information base; the method for calculating the gear deviation is as claimed in claim 3;
Then, entering a fourth step;
fourth step: the user judges whether the independent detection of the gear deviation by a third party is needed;
if so, the user puts forward independent detection of a third party of the gear deviation through a user client, and the measurement and evaluation cloud platform sends the gear parameter and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data of the gear to be measured to a third party detection mechanism client; then, entering a fifth step; if not, ending;
fifth step: the third party detection mechanism receives a third party independent detection request sent by a user through a third party detection mechanism client, carries out gear error evaluation on the gear to be measured, and then sends deviation data of the gear to be measured, which is obtained through independent detection, to a gear evaluation module in a measurement and evaluation cloud platform through the third party detection mechanism client; then, a sixth step is carried out;
sixth step: after receiving deviation data sent by a client of a third party detection mechanism, the gear evaluation module performs qualified or unqualified evaluation on the gear to be measured by combining gear precision parameters and gear measurement evaluation standards selected by a user; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear evaluation module stores the deviation data into a gear information base.
If the user needs to order gears; the user puts forward a subscription request through the user client, a transaction module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform receives and stores order information sent by the user, and then the order information is sent to a manufacturer client used by a gear manufacturer designated by the user; after receiving order information through a manufacturer client, a gear manufacturer sends fed back order confirmation information to a transaction module in a measurement and evaluation cloud platform through the manufacturer client, the transaction module receives and stores the order confirmation information, and then the order confirmation information is sent to a user through a user client; the gear manufacturer sends the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to a transaction module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform in real time through a manufacturer client, and the transaction module sends the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to a user client used by a user after receiving and storing the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate.
The invention firstly utilizes the gear data provided by the gear manufacturers to set the gear information inquiry module, so that a user can quickly know the basic condition of the gears provided by each gear manufacturer; then according to the gear deviation detection module, calculating tooth surface deviation point cloud data by utilizing tooth surface coordinate point cloud data provided by a gear manufacturer, fitting a tooth surface deviation curved surface by using a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial, and finally obtaining deviation data through deviation calculation; and finally, whether the gear to be detected is qualified or not is evaluated by combining with the gear evaluation module, the deviation data is generated into a visual image to be displayed on a user client, and the deviation data and the evaluation result are displayed at the same time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system in the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a measurement and evaluation method based on a gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system in the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system provided by the invention comprises a user client for data interaction and a measurement and evaluation cloud platform;
the user client is used for providing gear information inquiry, gear deviation detection and gear detection result display for a user;
the gear information query service can display and evaluate the three-dimensional model, the gear parameters and the gear measurement equipment data of the gears provided by the gear manufacturer in the cloud platform for a user; the gear three-dimensional model can intuitively display the gear characteristics, the gear parameter information can represent specific numerical values of the gear characteristics, and the gear three-dimensional model comprises gear numbers, gear types, tooth pitches, tooth numbers, tooth widths, tooth thicknesses, diameters, moduli, normal phase moduli, helix angles, pressure angles and normal phase pressure angles, and the gear three-dimensional model and tooth surface coordinate point cloud data, so that the integrated management of the gear parameter information is convenient; the gear measurement equipment data refer to specific information of measurement equipment used by a gear manufacturer when determining gear parameters;
The measurement and evaluation cloud platform comprises a gear information query module, a gear deviation detection module and a gear evaluation module;
the gear information query module is used for establishing a gear information base according to gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data provided by a gear manufacturer, querying in the gear information base according to a gear information query request provided by a user through a user client, and feeding back a query result to the user client;
the gear deviation detection module is used for carrying out gear deviation calculation according to a gear deviation detection request which is provided by a user through a user client, combining tooth surface coordinate point cloud data provided by a gear manufacturer to obtain deviation data of a gear to be measured, and sending the obtained deviation data to the gear evaluation module; the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data comprise three-dimensional coordinate values of a plurality of tooth surface points on the gear to be measured;
the gear evaluation module is used for evaluating whether the gear to be measured is qualified or unqualified according to the deviation data sent by the gear deviation detection module and in combination with the gear precision parameter and the gear measurement evaluation standard selected by the user; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear evaluation module also stores deviation data into a gear information base.
When the existing gear manufacturer performs gear design production, data such as design, manufacture, measurement and the like in the production process are commonly stored in a text form, and the structure, content and format of the gear data are not unified standard, so that the gear data are difficult to collect, and the safety and the real-time performance are poor. In order to realize the digitization and networking of the gear measurement data, the data provided by gear manufacturers are unified in structure, content and format, a complete data architecture which is oriented to measurement and takes the design, manufacture and operation of the gears as cores is established, the direct interaction of the gear measurement data is realized, secondary conversion is not needed, and the storage efficiency is higher.
Therefore, the gear information query module of the invention establishes a gear information base according to a standardized data model after standardized processing according to text files with different formats including gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data provided by different gear manufacturers.
When the standardized processing is carried out, the gear information inquiry module firstly sets each input box in the gear manufacturer data uploading template in the manufacturer client through a JAVA programming language according to the data structure, the content and the format defined in the standardized data model, then carries out specific data input by the gear manufacturer, and when the input content does not accord with the standardized data model, reminds the gear manufacturer to modify through popup prompt information; finally, after the data provided by the gear manufacturer are completely filled and the submit button is clicked, the gear parameters, the gear measurement equipment data, the gear three-dimensional model and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data uploaded by the gear manufacturer can be stored in a gear information base according to a specified XML document, and the gear information base ensures the safety, normalization and integrity of the data. The standard deviation processing method is a conventional technology in the field, and is not described herein.
In this embodiment, the data columns of the standardized data model include: the gear parameter data module, the gear measurement equipment data module and the gear measurement standard module;
the gear parameter data module comprises gear number, gear category, tooth pitch, tooth number, tooth width, tooth thickness, diameter, modulus, normal phase modulus, helix angle, pressure angle, normal phase pressure angle, a gear three-dimensional model and tooth surface coordinate point cloud data; wherein, the diameter comprises a base circle diameter, a reference circle diameter, a top circle diameter and a root circle diameter;
the gear measurement equipment data module comprises equipment names, equipment models, main technical parameters, equipment numbers, factory building positions and working environments; wherein, the main technical parameters comprise modulus, maximum diameter and helix angle; the modulus includes a minimum modulus and a maximum modulus, and the helix angle includes a minimum helix angle and a maximum helix angle;
the gear measurement standard module comprises a tooth pitch deviation, a tooth profile slope, a spiral line slope, a tooth profile convexity, a gear tooth drum degree and a gear face distortion.
According to the invention, the gear information base is established through the standardized data model, and the gear measurement data is normalized in terms of structure, content and format, so that the gear measurement data organization and exchange efficiency of the measurement and evaluation cloud platform is improved. The establishment of the gear information base avoids the problems of serial, less lines and the like in the data transmission process caused by different structures, contents and formats of the gear measurement data, solves the heterogeneous problem of the gear measurement data, and provides preconditions for realizing resource sharing, digitization and networking of the gear measurement data.
When the existing gear is used for deviation measurement, a plurality of instruments are needed, and the problems of low measurement efficiency, inconsistent measurement precision and the like exist. For example, the existing gear profile deviation measurement is to measure and evaluate an involute profile trace in the whole tooth surface as the profile deviation of the whole tooth surface; the gear pitch deviation measurement is to select one point on each tooth surface of the gear to replace the whole tooth surface and evaluate the uniform distribution of the gear teeth. The existing gear accuracy assessment is based on geometric errors of local points on the surface of the gear teeth, and partial information of the complex profile of the tooth surface is reflected, so that the quality of the gear is not strictly controlled by the existing gear accuracy assessment, the error characteristics of the gear are incomplete, and the error sources are inaccurate to analyze.
In order to comprehensively and accurately reflect the gear machining quality, the gear deviation detection module is used for analyzing and measuring the gear tooth surface precision. When the gear deviation detection module calculates the gear deviation, the existing deviation calculation method based on least square method curve fitting can be adopted. However, in the deviation calculation method based on the least square method curve fitting, since the reference data amount is small, the deviation of the entire tooth surface is judged by only a small number of measurement points and the curve fitted by the measurement points, which results in a large deviation result error. Therefore, in order to overcome the defects, the gear deviation detection module adopts the first 6 terms of the two-dimensional Legend polynomial and/or the two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, the deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured is obtained through the least square polynomial curved surface fitting, the curved surface fitting uses the measured point cloud data, the reference data volume is larger than the curve fitting, the orthogonality among the polynomial-based curved surface fitting terms ensures that the fitting result terms have no crosstalk, and finally the deviation data of the gear to be measured is calculated according to the deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured.
The gear deviation detection module performs the following method when performing gear deviation calculation:
a: the gear deviation detection module calculates the tooth surface deviation value corresponding to each tooth surface point in the coordinate point cloud data of the tooth surface of the gear to be measured, which is provided by a gear manufacturer, through the following formula, and then combines the tooth surface deviation values corresponding to all the tooth surface points in the coordinate point cloud data to form the tooth surface deviation point cloud data;
the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data comprise coordinate data of a plurality of tooth surface points on a gear to be measured, each tooth surface point is a point on the tooth surface of the gear to be measured, coordinates of the tooth surface point under a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system are set as (x, y, z), and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data are data groups formed by the coordinate data of the plurality of tooth surface points on the tooth surface of the gear to be measured;
d lot the lower angle mark lot represents the constant coefficient according to the plumb line direction, K represents the constant coefficient, ρ represents the polar diameter, η b Represents the fundamental space width half angle, beta represents the helix angle, r b Represents the radius of the base circle, X represents the displacement coefficient, alpha n The normal pressure angle of the gear is represented, Z represents the number of teeth, the internal gear in the number of teeth is a negative value, the external gear is a positive value, inv represents an involute function, and alpha t Representing the pressure angle of the gear end face, wherein x, y and z respectively represent coordinates of the gear face point on an x axis, a y axis and a z axis in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system; tooth number Z, deflection coefficient X, helix angle beta, normal pressure angle alpha n Angle alpha of face pressure t And base radius r b All are basic parameters of the gear to be measured, and can be obtained by inquiring the factory specification of the gear to be measured.
B: the gear deviation detection module performs coordinate conversion processing on coordinate value data and tooth surface deviation value of each tooth surface point in the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data, performs normalization processing after converting from a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system, and finally obtains tooth surface deviation point cloud data under the u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system after normalization processing;
when coordinate conversion processing is carried out, a gear deviation detection module in a measurement and evaluation cloud platform firstly converts coordinate value data and a tooth surface deviation value of each tooth surface point in tooth surface coordinate point cloud data from a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system, and then carries out normalization processing on coordinate values (u, v, d) of the tooth surface points in the u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system to obtain coordinate values (u ', v', d), wherein the value range of a plane u 'v' is within [ -1,1 ];
The coordinate transformation formula is:
d＝dlot；
wherein u represents a coordinate value along the tooth profile direction, phi m Representing the polar angle, Λ nom Represents the initial angle of involute, r b Represents the radius of the base circle, ζ nom Representing tooth profile roll angle, θ k The spreading angle, v represents the coordinate value along the tooth width direction, Z represents the tooth number, beta represents the helix angle, d represents the coordinate value perpendicular to the uv plane direction, d lot Representing a tooth surface deviation value corresponding to the tooth surface point; involute starting angle lambda nom And tooth profile roll angle ζ nom All are basic parameters of the gear to be measured, and can be obtained by inquiring factory specifications of the gear to be measured;
since the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) of the tooth surface points cannot be simultaneously represented in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the tooth surface deviation value d lot Therefore, four parameters need to be converted into a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system to reach the using condition of polynomial fitting, and the first 6 terms of the two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or the two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial are used as basic functions to carry out least square surface fitting on the tooth surface deviation point cloud data.
After the conversion of the coordinate value data of the tooth surface point and the tooth surface deviation value from the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to the u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system is completed, the coordinate value (u, v) is in the range of [0, L α ]*[0,L β ]And the two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or the two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial are defined as [ -1,1]*[-1,1]The polynomial in the rectangular area, therefore, the coordinate values (u, v) of the tooth surface point in the tooth surface coordinate system are required to be normalized to obtain coordinate values (u ', v'), and the value range of (u ', v') is within the range of [ -1,1]*[-1,1]An inner part;
when normalization processing is carried out, for any point (u, v, d) in a tooth surface coordinate system, the point is converted into (u ', v', d) according to the following mode, and finally converted into coordinate values (u ', v', d) of tooth surface points on a [ -1,1] rectangular area;
d＝d lot ；
wherein L is α Represents the value range of u, L β Represents the range of values of v.
C: the gear deviation detection module uses the first 6 terms of a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, and utilizes the tooth surface deviation point cloud data under the normalized u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system to obtain a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured through least square fitting;
the deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by using the first 6 items of the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, is as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A c2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
the first term of the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is C 0 (u ', v')=1, equation coefficient a thereof C0 Capable of representing pitch deviation, the second term being C 1 (u ', v ')=u ' whose equation coefficient a C1 Can represent the tooth profile slope, the third term is C 2 (u ', v ')=v ' whose equation coefficient a C2 Can be represented by the slope of the helix, the fourth term being C 3 (u′，v′)＝2u′ 2 -1, equation coefficient A thereof C3 Can represent convexity of tooth profile, and the fifth item is C 4 (u ', v')=u 'v', equation coefficient a thereof C4 Capable of representing the degree of gear tooth drum, the sixth term is C 5 (u′，v′)＝2v′ 2 -1, equation coefficient A thereof C5 Capable of tooth surface distortion; i.e. coefficient A C0 、A C1 、A C2 、A C3 、A C4 And A C5 Can be used for evaluating the deviation of tooth pitch, the slope of tooth profile, the slope of spiral line, the convexity of tooth profile, the drum degree of tooth and the distortion of tooth surface, and calculating the d c Namely, the deviation value d of the corresponding tooth surface point or tooth surface line on the tooth surface of the gear to be measured.
The above C 0 (u ', v')=1 is a standard expression of a polynomial in the field of mathematics, meaning that the first term of the polynomial has a value of 1, and the subsequent expressions are the same as the expression, and are not described herein.
The deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by using the first 6 items of the two-dimensional Legendre polynomial as a basis function, is as follows:
the first term of the two-dimensional Legendre polynomial is L 0 (u ', v')=1, equation coefficient a thereof L0 Capable of representing pitch deviation, the second term being L 1 (u ', v ')=u ' whose equation coefficient a L1 Can represent the tooth profile slope, the third term is L 2 (u ', v ')=v ' whose equation coefficient a L2 Can be represented by the slope of the helix, the fourth term beingEquation coefficient A thereof L3 Can represent convexity of tooth profile, and the fifth item is L 4 (u ', v')=u 'v', equation coefficient a thereof L4 Can represent the gear tooth drum degree, the sixth item is +.>Equation coefficient A thereof L5 Tooth surface twist can be represented; i.e. coefficient A L0 、A L1 、A L2 、A L3 、A L4 And A L5 The method can be used for evaluating the tooth pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope, the tooth profile convexity, the tooth drum degree and the tooth surface distortion respectively; calculated d L Namely, the deviation value d of the corresponding tooth surface point or tooth surface line on the tooth surface of the gear to be measured.
Above L 0 (u ', v')=1 is a standard expression of a polynomial in the field of mathematics, meaning that the first term of the polynomial has a value of 1, and the subsequent expressions are the same as the expression, and are not described herein.
In the present invention, the tooth surface is considered to be equivalent to a rectangular surface in a tooth surface coordinate system, and the two-dimensional legendre polynomial and the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial are polynomials defined on [ -1,1] rectangular areas, so that the tooth surface deviation equation is approximated by the two-dimensional legendre polynomial or the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial. Because the tooth surface deviation point cloud data is calculated during approximation, compared with the evaluation of single tooth surface points or tooth surface lines, the tooth surface data is more comprehensive, and the tooth surface deviation can be more accurately represented. Meanwhile, the first six terms of the two-dimensional Legend polynomial and the two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial have similar characteristics with the tooth surface deviation, and the orthogonal characteristics among the terms of the polynomials enable the coefficients to be independent of each other without crosstalk, so that the interference caused by accidental factors can be eliminated. Therefore, the invention selects the first 6 terms of the two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or the two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, carries out least square surface fitting on the tooth surface deviation point cloud data, and evaluates the tooth pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral slope, the tooth profile convexity, the tooth drum degree and the tooth surface distortion through the coefficients of the first six terms of the fitting surface.
In the invention, the following components are added:
1. the two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial can be directly and singly adopted to fit the deviation curved surface equation d c And utilize the deviation surface equation d c Corresponding coefficient A of each item of C0 、A C1 、A C2 、A C3 、A C4 And A C5 To evaluate pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, helix slope, tooth profile convexity, tooth crown and tooth flank twist.
2. The two-dimensional Legend polynomial can be directly and singly adopted to fit the deviation curved surface equation d L And utilize the deviation surface equation d L Corresponding coefficient A of each item of L0 、A L1 、A L2 、A L3 、A l4 And A L5 To evaluate pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, helix slope, tooth profile convexity, tooth crown and tooth flank twist.
3. Since the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is more excellent in terms of the peak value of the surface of the representation deviation and the details, i.e., coefficient a C3 And A C5 Coefficient of ratio A L3 And A L5 The tooth profile convexity and the tooth surface distortion can be more accurately evaluated; the two-dimensional Legend polynomial is more excellent in the overall trend and profile of the surface, namely A L0 、A L1 、A L2 And A L4 Ratio A C0 、A C1 、A C2 And A C4 Can more accurately evaluate the tooth pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, spiral line slope and gear tooth drum degree. Therefore, when the tooth profile convexity and the tooth surface distortion are required to be accurately evaluated, a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is utilized to fit a deviation surface equation d c The method is more accurate; when the pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope and the gear tooth drum degree are required to be accurately evaluated, a two-dimensional Legend polynomial is utilized to fit a deviation curved surface equation d l More accurate.
Therefore, according to the evaluation requirements for different types of tooth surface deviations (tooth pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, spiral slope, tooth profile convexity, tooth drum degree and tooth surface distortion), a two-dimensional Legend polynomial and/or a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial are simultaneously used for fitting the deviation surface equation, and when more accurate fitting of the surface peak value and detail are required, a deviation surface equation d fitted by the two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is selected c As a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured; when the integral trend and the outline of the fitting curved surface are required to be more accurately, a deviation curved surface equation d which is fitted by a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial is selected L As a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured; and corresponding coefficients are selected for obtaining more accurate different kinds of tooth surface deviation evaluation results.
Example 1
When a two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is independently adopted as a basis function to calculate a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, s tooth surface deviation point data are shared in tooth surface deviation point cloud data, and the method is equivalent to correcting the deviation curved surface equation for s times when the deviation curved surface equation is solved by a least square method, so that an optimal approximate curved surface after s times of correction is obtained.
The following equation set established by least square method is used to solve the deviation surface equation d C ：
The two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is used for solving a deviation curved surface equation defined under a u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system, wherein the deviation curved surface equation is as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A c2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
the specific proportional relation between the deviation term and the coefficient is as follows: the pitch deviation is equal to A C0 Tooth profile slope equal to 2A C1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to-2A C2 Tooth profile convexity equal to 2A C3 Gear tooth drum degree is equal to-4A C4 Tooth surface twist equal to-2A C5 。
Example 2
When the two-dimensional Legend polynomial is independently adopted as a basis function to calculate a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, s tooth surface deviation point data are shared in tooth surface deviation point cloud data, and the method is equivalent to correcting the deviation curved surface equation for s times when the deviation curved surface equation is solved by a least square method, so that an optimal approximate curved surface after the correction for s times is obtained.
The following equation set established by least square method is used to solve the deviation surface equation d L ：
D is found by a two-dimensional Legend polynomial L To define the surface equation of the deviation in the u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system is:
the specific proportional relation between the deviation terms and the coefficients is as follows: the pitch deviation is equal to A L0 Tooth profile slope is equal to A L1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to A L2 Tooth profile convexity equal to 1.5A L3 The gear tooth drum degree is equal to 2A L4 Tooth flank twist equal to 1.5A L5 。
Example 3
And respectively adopting a two-dimensional Legend polynomial and a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as basis functions to obtain corresponding deviation curved surface equations, and then selecting coefficients of the corresponding deviation curved surface equations according to evaluation requirements on different types of tooth surface deviations to obtain more accurate different types of tooth surface deviation evaluation results.
The total of s tooth surface deviation point data are set in the tooth surface deviation point cloud data, and the method is equivalent to correcting the deviation curved surface equation for s times when the deviation curved surface equation is solved by a least square method, so that the optimal approximate curved surface after the s times of correction is obtained.
The deviation surface equation obtained by adopting the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial as the basis function is respectively as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A C2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
the deviation curved surface equation obtained by adopting the two-dimensional Chelerlet polynomial as the basis function is as follows:
when the convexity of the tooth profile and the distortion of the tooth surface are required to be accurately evaluated, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by using a two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is utilized c Solving the coefficients of the fourth term and the sixth term, wherein the convexity of the tooth profile is equal to 2A C3 Tooth surface twist equal to-2A C5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope and the gear tooth drum degree need to be accurately evaluated, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by a two-dimensional Legend polynomial is utilized L Solving coefficients of the first term, the second term, the third term and the fifth term, wherein the pitch deviation is equal to A L0 Tooth profile slope is equal to A L1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to A L2 The gear tooth drum degree is equal to 2A L4 。
When more accurate fitting of curved surface peak values and details are needed, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is selected c As a final deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured; when the integral trend and the outline of the fitting curved surface are required to be more accurately, a deviation curved surface equation d which is fitted by a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial is selected L As a final offset surface equation for the gear to be measured.
D: the gear deviation detection module sends the calculated tooth pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, spiral line slope, tooth profile convexity, gear tooth drum degree and tooth surface distortion of the gear to be evaluated to the gear evaluation module.
And after receiving the deviation data sent by the gear deviation detection module, the gear evaluation module performs qualified or unqualified evaluation on the gear to be measured by combining the gear precision parameter selected by the user and the gear measurement evaluation standard. Gear measurement evaluation criteria include GB standard and ISO standard. When the gear is evaluated, the accuracy grade of the gear produced by a manufacturer is ensured to meet the standard requirement by comparing with the GB standard and the ISO standard, so that the performance quality and the reliability of the gear are ensured. In the GB standard, the gear precision grade is divided into 13 precision grades from 0 grade to 12 grade, the allowable deviation value is larger when the gear precision grade is higher, and the allowable deviation value of different precision grades can be obtained by consulting the GB standard. The gears used in the invention are 6-level precision gears, and the calculated deviation value is only required to be compared with the tolerance zone allowed by the 6-level precision gears given in the GB standard, and the deviation value is qualified within the allowed tolerance zone.
And then, the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and performs deviation display in the form of a line graph or a column graph by utilizing the existing chart visualization technology, so that a user can intuitively grasp the deviation data. Finally, the gear evaluation module feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and the evaluation result to the user client as gear detection results; meanwhile, the gear evaluation module stores deviation data into a gear measurement standard module in the gear information base, so that the data can be conveniently stored, called and integrated managed.
In summary, in the gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system, firstly, a gear information query module is set by utilizing gear data provided by gear manufacturers, so that a user can quickly know the basic condition of gears provided by each gear manufacturer; then according to the gear deviation detection module, calculating tooth surface deviation point cloud data by utilizing tooth surface coordinate point cloud data provided by a gear manufacturer, fitting a tooth surface deviation curved surface by using a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial, and finally obtaining deviation data through deviation calculation; and finally, whether the gear to be detected is qualified or not is evaluated by combining with the gear evaluation module, the deviation data is generated into a visual image to be displayed on a user client, and the deviation data and the evaluation result are displayed at the same time.
In order to further improve the practicability, the invention further comprises a manufacturer client and a third party detection mechanism client;
the factory client is used for uploading the gear three-dimensional model, the gear parameters, the gear measurement equipment data and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data to the measurement evaluation cloud platform by the gear factory, and also is used for providing a gear deviation detection request by the gear factory through the factory client; and the manufacturer client performs data interaction with the measurement and evaluation cloud platform.
The setting of manufacturer's customer end can realize on the one hand that different gear manufacturers upload multiple gear product information by oneself through respective customer end and carry out the product show, provides more comprehensive gear variety for the user. On the other hand, each gear manufacturer can receive the user order through each manufacturer client, and data interaction support is provided for the transaction system in the invention. The gear manufacturer can also put forward a gear deviation detection request to the gears provided by the manufacturer or provided by other manufacturers through the manufacturer client.
The third party detection mechanism client is used for receiving a third party independent detection request of the gear deviation, which is provided by a user through the user client and a gear manufacturer through the manufacturer client, and sending deviation data of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by independent detection of the third party detection mechanism, to the gear evaluation module; and the third party detection mechanism client performs data interaction with the measurement and evaluation cloud platform.
In this embodiment, the third party detection mechanism may purchase the gear sample to be measured and then directly detect the gear sample by directly using the existing detection instrument; the third party detection mechanism can also directly acquire the purchased tooth surface coordinate point data of the gear to be measured through a gear three-coordinate measuring machine, and then the tooth surface coordinate point data is used for detecting the gear deviation by combining with the existing deviation calculation method based on least square polynomial curve fitting or other deviation calculation methods.
The invention takes the third party detection mechanism client as a supplementary detection means of the gear deviation, can more objectively and accurately detect the gear deviation for a user or a gear manufacturer, can increase the fairness and the degree of confidence of the gear deviation detection, and can accurately detect the gear products with substandard quality.
Based on the settings of the user client, the manufacturer client and the third party detection mechanism client, the invention is also provided with a transaction module for realizing the function of the C2C electronic commerce platform.
In the invention, a transaction module is used for receiving and storing order information sent by a user through a user client, wherein the order information comprises gear types, gear quantity, gear manufacturers, delivery time requirements, payment modes, receiver addresses, receiver contact modes and remark information, and the transaction module sends the order information to manufacturer clients used by the gear manufacturers appointed by the user; meanwhile, the transaction module is also used for receiving and storing order confirmation information, order production progress information, order delivery date and delivery certificate sent by the gear manufacturer through the manufacturer client, and sending the order confirmation information, the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to the user client used by the user.
When a user has purchase intention on a certain specification gear produced by a certain gear manufacturer displayed in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform, the user can first know the gear from three aspects of a gear three-dimensional model, gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data through a user client. Then, a user can obtain a visual image, deviation data and an evaluation result of the gear by carrying out gear deviation detection on the gear and utilizing a gear evaluation module; the user can also put forward an independent detection request of a third party for the gear deviation through the user client, request to specify a third party detection mechanism to calculate the deviation of the gear to be measured, and acquire a visual image, deviation data and an evaluation result obtained by the third party detection mechanism through the gear evaluation module as a gear detection result, so as to verify the accuracy of the gear deviation detection. When the deviation data and the evaluation result of the gear meet the expectations of the user, the user can place an order to the gear manufacturer for the gear. The transaction module can store the reservation file of the order and forward the order, store and forward the order confirmation information, the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate fed back by the gear manufacturer, and monitor the whole transaction process.
In the transaction system, the techniques of generating and forwarding order information, generating and forwarding order confirmation information, generating and forwarding order production progress information, generating and forwarding order delivery date and delivery certificate and the like belong to conventional techniques in the art, and are not described herein.
The invention discloses a measurement and evaluation method for evaluating a cloud system by utilizing gear digital measurement, which comprises the following steps:
the first step: uploading text files containing a gear three-dimensional model, gear parameters, gear measurement equipment data and tooth surface coordinate point cloud data to a measurement evaluation cloud platform by a gear manufacturer through a manufacturer client; then entering a second step;
and a second step of: the gear information query module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform is used for establishing a gear information base after a text file provided by a gear manufacturer is standardized according to a standardized data model; then entering a third step; the process of establishing the gear information base is described in detail above and will not be described in detail here;
and a third step of: the method comprises the steps that a user puts forward a gear information inquiry request and/or a gear deviation detection request through a user client and sends the gear information inquiry request and/or the gear deviation detection request to a measurement and evaluation cloud platform, and the measurement and evaluation cloud platform receives the gear information inquiry request and/or the gear deviation detection request;
The gear information inquiry module inquires gear information of the gear to be measured in the gear information base and feeds back an inquiry result to the user client; the gear information comprises a gear three-dimensional model, gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data;
the gear deviation detection module is used for calculating gear deviation of the gear to be measured by using the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data in the gear information base and sending the obtained deviation data to the gear evaluation module; after receiving the deviation data sent by the gear deviation detection module, the gear evaluation module performs qualified or unqualified evaluation on the gear to be measured by combining the gear precision parameter selected by the user and the gear measurement evaluation standard; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear deviation detection module stores deviation data into a gear information base; the method for calculating the gear deviation is described in detail above and will not be described in detail here;
then, entering a fourth step;
fourth step: the user judges whether the independent detection of the gear deviation by a third party is needed;
If so, the user puts forward independent detection of a third party of the gear deviation through a user client, and the measurement and evaluation cloud platform sends the gear parameter and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data of the gear to be measured to a third party detection mechanism client; then, entering a fifth step; if not, ending;
fifth step: the third party detection mechanism receives a third party independent detection request sent by a user through a third party detection mechanism client, carries out gear error evaluation on the gear to be measured, and then sends deviation data of the gear to be measured, which is obtained through independent detection, to a gear evaluation module in a measurement and evaluation cloud platform through the third party detection mechanism client; then, a sixth step is carried out;
the detection method and process of the third party detection mechanism are described in detail above, and are not described in detail herein;
sixth step: after receiving deviation data sent by a client of a third party detection mechanism, the gear evaluation module performs qualified or unqualified evaluation on the gear to be measured by combining gear precision parameters and gear measurement evaluation standards selected by a user; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear evaluation module stores the deviation data into a gear information base.
In the measurement and evaluation method based on the gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system, if a user needs to order gears; the user puts forward a subscription request through the user client, a transaction module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform receives and stores order information sent by the user, and then the order information is sent to a manufacturer client used by a gear manufacturer designated by the user; after receiving order information through a manufacturer client, a gear manufacturer sends fed back order confirmation information to a transaction module in a measurement and evaluation cloud platform through the manufacturer client, the transaction module receives and stores the order confirmation information, and then the order confirmation information is sent to a user through a user client; the gear manufacturer sends the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to a transaction module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform in real time through a manufacturer client, and the transaction module sends the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to a user client used by a user after receiving and storing the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system which characterized in that: the system comprises a user client for data interaction and a measurement and evaluation cloud platform;
The user client is used for providing gear information inquiry, gear deviation detection and gear detection result display for a user;
the measurement and evaluation cloud platform comprises a gear information query module, a gear deviation detection module and a gear evaluation module;
the gear information query module is used for establishing a gear information base according to gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data provided by a gear manufacturer, querying in the gear information base according to a gear information query request provided by a user through a user client, and feeding back a query result to the user client;
the gear deviation detection module is used for carrying out gear deviation calculation according to a gear deviation detection request which is provided by a user through a user client, combining tooth surface coordinate point cloud data provided by a gear manufacturer to obtain deviation data of a gear to be measured, and sending the obtained deviation data to the gear evaluation module; the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data comprise three-dimensional coordinate values of a plurality of tooth surface points on the gear to be measured;
the gear evaluation module is used for evaluating whether the gear to be measured is qualified or unqualified according to the deviation data sent by the gear deviation detection module and in combination with the gear precision parameter and the gear measurement evaluation standard selected by the user; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear evaluation module also stores deviation data into a gear information base;
The gear information inquiry module establishes a gear information base according to a standardized data model after standardized processing according to text files with different formats including gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data provided by different gear manufacturers; when the standardized processing is carried out, the gear information inquiry module firstly sets each input box in a gear manufacturer data uploading template in a manufacturer client according to a data structure, content and format defined in a standardized data model, and then a gear manufacturer carries out data input and uploading; finally, the gear information inquiry module stores the gear parameters uploaded by the gear manufacturer, the gear measurement equipment data, the gear three-dimensional model and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data into a gear information base;
the data columns of the standardized data model include: the gear parameter data module, the gear measurement equipment data module and the gear measurement standard module;
the gear parameter data module comprises gear number, gear category, tooth pitch, tooth number, tooth width, tooth thickness, diameter, modulus, normal phase modulus, helix angle, pressure angle, normal phase pressure angle, a gear three-dimensional model and tooth surface coordinate point cloud data; wherein, the diameter comprises a base circle diameter, a reference circle diameter, a top circle diameter and a root circle diameter;
The gear measurement equipment data module comprises equipment names, equipment models, main technical parameters, equipment numbers, factory building positions and working environments; wherein, the main technical parameters comprise modulus, maximum diameter and helix angle; the modulus includes a minimum modulus and a maximum modulus, and the helix angle includes a minimum helix angle and a maximum helix angle;
the gear measurement standard module comprises tooth pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, spiral line slope, tooth profile convexity, gear tooth drum degree and tooth surface distortion.
2. The gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system of claim 1, wherein: the gear deviation detection module is used for calculating the gear deviation according to the following method:
a: the gear deviation detection module calculates the tooth surface deviation value corresponding to each tooth surface point in the coordinate point cloud data of the tooth surface of the gear to be measured, which is provided by a gear manufacturer, through the following formula, and then combines the tooth surface deviation values corresponding to all the tooth surface points in the coordinate point cloud data to form the tooth surface deviation point cloud data;
wherein d lot The lower angle mark lot represents the constant coefficient according to the plumb line direction, K represents the constant coefficient, ρ represents the polar diameter, η b Represents the fundamental space width half angle, beta represents the helix angle, r b Represents the radius of the base circle, X represents the displacement coefficient, alpha n The normal pressure angle of the gear is represented, Z represents the number of teeth, the internal gear in the number of teeth is a negative value, the external gear is a positive value, inv represents an involute function, and alpha t Representing the pressure angle of the gear end face, wherein x, y and z respectively represent coordinates of the gear face point on an x axis, a y axis and a z axis in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system;
b: the gear deviation detection module performs coordinate conversion processing on coordinate value data and tooth surface deviation value of each tooth surface point in the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data, performs normalization processing after converting from a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system, and finally obtains tooth surface deviation point cloud data under the u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system after normalization processing;
c: the gear deviation detection module uses the first 6 terms of a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial and/or a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, and utilizes the tooth surface deviation point cloud data under the normalized u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system to obtain a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured through least square fitting;
the deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by using the first 6 items of the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial as a basis function, is as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A C2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
Wherein the equation coefficient A C0 、A C1 、A C2 、A C3 、A C4 And A C5 The method is used for evaluating the tooth pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope, the tooth profile convexity, the tooth drum degree and the tooth surface distortion respectively; u 'and v' respectively represent coordinate value data of tooth surface points in the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data, and coordinate values obtained by carrying out normalization processing after the coordinate data are converted into a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system from a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system;
the deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by using the first 6 items of the two-dimensional Legendre polynomial as a basis function, is as follows:
coefficient A L0 、A L1 、A L2 、A L3 、A L4 And A L5 The method is used for evaluating the tooth pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope, the tooth profile convexity, the tooth drum degree and the tooth surface distortion respectively;
d: the gear deviation detection module sends the calculated tooth pitch deviation, tooth profile slope, spiral line slope, tooth profile convexity, gear tooth drum degree and tooth surface distortion of the gear to be evaluated to the gear evaluation module.
3. The gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system of claim 2, wherein: in the step B, when coordinate conversion processing is carried out, a gear deviation detection module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform firstly converts coordinate value data and a tooth surface deviation value of each tooth surface point in tooth surface coordinate point cloud data from a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to a u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system, and then carries out normalization processing on coordinate values (u, v, d) of the tooth surface point in the u-v-d tooth surface coordinate system to obtain coordinate values (u ', v', d), wherein the value range of a plane u 'v' is within [ -1,1 ]; the coordinate transformation formula is:
d＝d lot ；
Wherein u represents a coordinate value along the tooth profile direction, phi m Representing the polar angle, Λ nom Represents the initial angle of involute, r b Represents the radius of the base circle, ζ nom Representing tooth profile roll angle, θ k The spreading angle, v represents the coordinate value along the tooth width direction, Z represents the tooth number, beta represents the helix angle, d represents the coordinate value perpendicular to the uv plane direction, d lot Representing a tooth surface deviation value corresponding to the tooth surface point; involute starting angle lambda nom And tooth profile roll angle ζ nom Are all basic parameters of the gear to be measured;
when normalization processing is carried out, for any point (u, v, d) in a tooth surface coordinate system, the point is converted into (u ', v', d) according to the following mode, and finally converted into coordinate values (u ', v', d) of tooth surface points on a [ -1,1] rectangular area;
d＝d lot ；
wherein L is α Represents the value range of u, L β Represents the range of values of v.
4. The gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system of claim 2, wherein: in the step C:
when a two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is independently adopted as a basis function to calculate a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, setting a total of s tooth surface deviation point data in tooth surface deviation point cloud data; wherein u' 1 ……u' s And v' 1 ……v' s Respectively representing 1 st to s th tooth surface deviation point data in tooth surface deviation point cloud data, and normalizing coordinate values along the tooth profile direction and coordinate values along the tooth width direction;
Establishing an equation set by using a least square method, and solving a deviation curved surface equation d by using the equation set C ：
The two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is used for solving a deviation curved surface equation defined under a u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system, wherein the deviation curved surface equation is as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A c2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
the pitch deviation is equal to A C0 Tooth profile slope equal to 2A C1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to-2A C2 Tooth profile convexity equal to 2A C3 Gear tooth drum degree is equal to-4A C4 Tooth surface twist equal to-2A C5 ；
When a two-dimensional Legend polynomial is independently adopted as a basis function to calculate a deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured, setting the total s tooth surface deviation point data in tooth surface deviation point cloud data; wherein u' 1 ……u' s And v' 1 ……v' s Dividing intoRespectively representing the 1 st to s th tooth surface deviation point data in the tooth surface deviation point cloud data, and normalizing the coordinate values along the tooth profile direction and the coordinate values along the tooth width direction;
establishing an equation set by using a least square method, and solving a deviation curved surface equation d by using the equation set L ：
D is found by a two-dimensional Legend polynomial L To define the surface equation of the deviation in the u '-v' -d tooth surface coordinate system is:
the pitch deviation is equal to A L0 Tooth profile slope is equal to A L1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to A L2 Tooth profile convexity equal to 1.5A L3 The gear tooth drum degree is equal to 2A L4 Tooth flank twist equal to 1.5A L5 。
5. The gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system of claim 2, wherein: in the step C:
Respectively adopting a two-dimensional Legend polynomial and a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial as basic functions to obtain corresponding deviation curved surface equations, and then selecting coefficients of the corresponding deviation curved surface equations according to evaluation requirements on different types of tooth surface deviations to obtain more accurate different types of tooth surface deviation evaluation results;
setting a total of s tooth surface deviation point data in tooth surface deviation point cloud data;
the deviation surface equation obtained by adopting the two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial as the basis function is respectively as follows:
d C ＝A C0 *1+A C1 *u'+A C2 *v'+A C3 *(2u' 2 -1)+A C4 *u'v'+A C5 *(2v' 2 -1)；
the deviation curved surface equation obtained by adopting the two-dimensional Chelerlet polynomial as the basis function is as follows:
when the convexity of the tooth profile and the distortion of the tooth surface are required to be accurately evaluated, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by using a two-dimensional chebyshev polynomial is utilized c Solving the coefficients of the fourth term and the sixth term, wherein the convexity of the tooth profile is equal to 2A C3 Tooth surface twist equal to-2A C5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the pitch deviation, the tooth profile slope, the spiral line slope and the gear tooth drum degree need to be accurately evaluated, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by a two-dimensional Legend polynomial is utilized L Solving coefficients of the first term, the second term, the third term and the fifth term, wherein the pitch deviation is equal to A L0 Tooth profile slope is equal to A L1 The slope of the spiral line is equal to A L2 The gear tooth drum degree is equal to 2A L4 ；
When more accurate fitting of curved surface peak values and details are needed, a deviation curved surface equation d fitted by a two-dimensional Chebyshev polynomial is selected c As a final deviation curved surface equation of the gear to be measured; when the integral trend and the outline of the fitting curved surface are required to be more accurately, a deviation curved surface equation d which is fitted by a two-dimensional Legendre polynomial is selected L As a final offset surface equation for the gear to be measured.
6. The gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system of claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a manufacturer client and a third party detection mechanism client;
the factory client is used for uploading the gear three-dimensional model, the gear parameters, the gear measurement equipment data and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data to the measurement evaluation cloud platform by the gear factory, and also is used for providing a gear deviation detection request by the gear factory through the factory client; the manufacturer client performs data interaction with the measurement and evaluation cloud platform;
the third party detection mechanism client is used for receiving a third party independent detection request of the gear deviation, which is provided by a user through the user client, and sending deviation data of the gear to be measured, which is obtained by independent detection of the third party detection mechanism, to the gear evaluation module; and the third party detection mechanism client performs data interaction with the measurement and evaluation cloud platform.
7. The gear digital measurement evaluation cloud system of claim 6, wherein: the measurement and evaluation cloud platform further comprises a transaction module;
the transaction module is used for receiving and storing order information sent by a user through a user client, wherein the order information comprises gear types, gear quantity, gear manufacturers, delivery time requirements, payment modes, receiver addresses, receiver contact modes and remark information, and the transaction module sends the order information to manufacturer clients used by the gear manufacturers appointed by the user; meanwhile, the transaction module is also used for receiving and storing order confirmation information, order production progress information, order delivery date and delivery certificate sent by the gear manufacturer through the manufacturer client, and sending the order confirmation information, the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to the user client used by the user.
8. A measurement and evaluation method based on the gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the first step: uploading text files containing a gear three-dimensional model, gear parameters, gear measurement equipment data and tooth surface coordinate point cloud data to a measurement evaluation cloud platform by a gear manufacturer through a manufacturer client; then entering a second step;
And a second step of: the gear information query module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform is used for establishing a gear information base after a text file provided by a gear manufacturer is standardized according to a standardized data model; then entering a third step;
and a third step of: the method comprises the steps that a user puts forward a gear information inquiry request and/or a gear deviation detection request through a user client and sends the gear information inquiry request and/or the gear deviation detection request to a measurement and evaluation cloud platform, and the measurement and evaluation cloud platform receives the gear information inquiry request and/or the gear deviation detection request;
the gear information inquiry module inquires gear information of the gear to be measured in the gear information base and feeds back an inquiry result to the user client; the gear information comprises a gear three-dimensional model, gear parameters and gear measurement equipment data;
the gear deviation detection module is used for calculating gear deviation of the gear to be measured by using the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data in the gear information base and sending the obtained deviation data to the gear evaluation module; after receiving the deviation data sent by the gear deviation detection module, the gear evaluation module performs qualified or unqualified evaluation on the gear to be measured by combining the gear precision parameter selected by the user and the gear measurement evaluation standard; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear deviation detection module stores deviation data into a gear information base;
Then, entering a fourth step;
fourth step: the user judges whether the independent detection of the gear deviation by a third party is needed;
if so, the user puts forward independent detection of a third party of the gear deviation through a user client, and the measurement and evaluation cloud platform sends the gear parameter and the tooth surface coordinate point cloud data of the gear to be measured to a third party detection mechanism client; then, entering a fifth step; if not, ending;
fifth step: the third party detection mechanism receives a third party independent detection request sent by a user through a third party detection mechanism client, carries out gear error evaluation on the gear to be measured, and then sends deviation data of the gear to be measured, which is obtained through independent detection, to a gear evaluation module in a measurement and evaluation cloud platform through the third party detection mechanism client; then, a sixth step is carried out;
sixth step: after receiving deviation data sent by a client of a third party detection mechanism, the gear evaluation module performs qualified or unqualified evaluation on the gear to be measured by combining gear precision parameters and gear measurement evaluation standards selected by a user; the gear evaluation module generates a visual image from the deviation data, and then feeds back the visual image, the deviation data and an evaluation result to a user client as a gear detection result; meanwhile, the gear evaluation module stores the deviation data into a gear information base.
9. The measurement and evaluation method based on the gear digital measurement and evaluation cloud system according to claim 8, wherein: if the user needs to order gears; the user puts forward a subscription request through the user client, a transaction module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform receives and stores order information sent by the user, and then the order information is sent to a manufacturer client used by a gear manufacturer designated by the user; after receiving order information through a manufacturer client, a gear manufacturer sends fed back order confirmation information to a transaction module in a measurement and evaluation cloud platform through the manufacturer client, the transaction module receives and stores the order confirmation information, and then the order confirmation information is sent to a user through a user client; the gear manufacturer sends the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to a transaction module in the measurement and evaluation cloud platform in real time through a manufacturer client, and the transaction module sends the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate to a user client used by a user after receiving and storing the order production progress information, the order delivery date and the delivery certificate.
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