CN113496353A - Urban rail transit system transport capacity load evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an urban rail transit system transport capacity load assessment method which comprises three levels of stations, lines and a line network, wherein assessment objects cover key facility equipment and areas such as lines, trains, station platforms, stairs, transfer passages, security check, gates and the like; selecting load degree and full load rate indexes reflecting supply and demand conditions, and constructing a transport capacity load evaluation index system in a layering manner; an assessment method system of the transport capacity load is provided, which comprises a transport capacity load level assessment method of station transport capacity load, transfer transport capacity load, line transport capacity load and line network transport capacity load; therefore, aiming at the problem of the lack of the current urban rail transit operation load assessment technical means, the invention constructs the transportation load assessment indexes and assessment methods of three layers of stations, lines and wire nets under different time granularity conditions, and provides a unified, quantitative, objective and scientific transportation load assessment technical scheme for urban rail transit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban rail transit, in particular to a method for evaluating the transport capacity load of an urban rail transit system.
Background
In recent years, the urban rail transit operation situation in China is generally stable, but with the continuous increase of newly opened operation lines, the rapid increase of operation scale and the continuous rise of passenger capacity, the urban rail transit safety operation pressure is gradually increased, the difficulty of urban rail transit safety guarantee is higher and higher, the service demand and expectation of passengers are higher and higher, and higher requirements are provided for the improvement of the industry management level. As more and more cities enter a networked operation stage, the capacity load of the urban rail transit system is accurately evaluated, and the method is an important basis for guaranteeing the safe operation of the urban rail transit and improving the industry management level and the service level.
At present, the existing method applied to urban rail transit operation evaluation mainly takes operation state description as a main part and reveals the evolution of operation situation to a certain extent, but the method is difficult to reflect the interaction relationship between traffic demand and supply and lacks the description of transport capacity load. In addition, the passenger flow demand is represented by a single index in part of methods, and the transport capacity state of each layer of the rail transit system is difficult to be objectively and comprehensively reflected.
Therefore, in view of the above defects, the designer of the present invention, through careful research and design, and combined with experience and achievement of related industries for many years, develops and designs a method for estimating the transport capacity load of the urban rail transit system, so as to overcome the above defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an urban rail transit system transport capacity load evaluation method which can realize transverse comparison of urban transport capacity loads of different operation scales, is convenient for an industry supervision department to quantitatively evaluate the transport capacity load degree of each city, and takes all elements into consideration through modeling to form a comprehensive index for evaluating station transport capacity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses an urban rail transit system transport capacity load assessment method, which comprises three levels of a station, a line and a wire network, wherein the three levels comprise characteristic indexes and comprehensive indexes, the characteristic indexes are used for evaluating the relation between the wire network and the line interval as well as the requirements and the capabilities of various equipment facilities in the station, and the comprehensive indexes are used for evaluating the relation between the requirements and the capabilities of the wire network, the line and the station, and the method is characterized in that:
the comprehensive index comprises net transport capacity load evaluation, line transport capacity load evaluation and station transport capacity load evaluation, the net transport capacity load evaluation index is defined as a dimensionless index obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the number of the intervals with different full load rates of the net to the total number of the intervals of the net, and the calculating steps are as follows:
step 1.1: calculating the full load rate of each interval of the wire net;
step 1.2: counting the interval occupation ratios of different full load rates of the wire network;
step 1.3: determining a net transport capacity load index;
step 1.4: evaluating the load grade;
the line capacity load index is defined as a dimensionless index obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the interval quantity of different full load rates of the line to the total quantity of the line intervals, and the calculating step comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: calculating the full load rate of each interval of the line;
step 2.2: counting the interval proportion of different full load rates of the line;
step 2.3: determining a line transport capacity load index;
step 2.4: evaluating the load grade;
the station transport capacity load evaluation method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: calculating passenger density in a waiting area of the platform, passenger density in a flowing area of the platform, platform load degree, transfer channel load degree, stair load degree, escalator load degree, security inspection equipment load degree and gate load degree; when the station is a transfer station, calculating the transportation capacity load degree of the transfer facility;
step 3.2: obtaining the transport capacity load grade of the facility equipment;
step 3.3: collecting evaluation indexes, and calculating a station transport capacity load index;
step 3.4: and (5) obtaining the transport capacity load grade of the station.
Wherein: in the step 1.3, dimensionless indexes are obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the number of the intervals with different loading rates of the wire network to the total number of the intervals of the wire network in the wire network transport capacity load index, wherein the larger the numerical value is, the higher the transport capacity load is; the calculation method is as the formula (1):
in the formula:
Iwin the statistical period, the net transport capacity load index is obtained;
Nkthe number of intervals in which the full load rate k in the wire mesh is within a certain range in a counting period;
n is the total number of intervals in the net;
wkfor the calculated weight corresponding to the full load rate k, the weight w is calculatedkIt is preferable to determine by investigation according to the purpose of evaluation and development of industry, and update and correct it year by year.
Wherein: the evaluation result in the load rating evaluation of step 1.4 adopts two display forms of index and grade, and the grade division and the color are represented as table 1:
table 1 recommended mapping relation table of net transport capacity load index and transport capacity load evaluation level
Wherein: in step 2.3, dimensionless indexes are obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the number of intervals with different full load rates of the lines to the total number of the intervals in the direction, and the larger the numerical value is, the higher the transport capacity load is; the calculation method is as the formula (2):
in the formula:
Ilcalculating the line transport capacity load index and the line transport capacity load index corresponding to the uplink and the downlink of the line respectively in a statistical period;
Nkthe number of intervals in which the full load rate k in the wire mesh is within a certain range in a counting period;
n is the total number of intervals in the net;
wkfor the calculated weight corresponding to the full load rate k, the weight w is calculatedkIt is preferable to determine by investigation according to the purpose of evaluation and development of industry, and update and correct it year by year.
Wherein: in the load rating evaluation of step 2.4, the evaluation result adopts two display forms of index and rating, and the rating and color are shown in table 2:
table 2 recommended mapping relation table of line transportation capacity load index and transportation capacity load grade
Wherein: the passenger density of the platform waiting area is the ratio of the maximum accumulated passenger flow of the platform waiting area to the area of the platform waiting area in the statistical period, and the crowdedness degree of the platform waiting area is reflected, specifically shown in a formula (3);
in the formula:
ρsthe unit of the passenger flow density of a waiting area s of a station platform in a statistical period is person/square meter (person/m)2)；
QsThe unit is the maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in a waiting area s of a station platform in a counting period and is the number of people;
Ssis the area of the waiting area of the (side type or island type) platform, and the unit is square meter (m)2)；
Beta is an adjustment coefficient of the waiting area of the platform and is used for reducing the area of a reserved passenger getting-off area in front of a vehicle door, and beta is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1;
the passenger density of the platform flow area is the ratio of the maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in the platform flow area in the statistical period to the area of the platform flow area, and the crowding degree of the platform flow area is reflected, specifically shown in a formula (4);
in the formula:
ρrthe density of the station platform flow area r in the statistical period is expressed in the unit of people/square meter (people/m)2)；
QrThe maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in the station platform flow area r in the statistics period is the unit of number of people;
Srthe effective area of a flow region r of a certain platform in a statistical period is expressed in square meters (m)2)。
Wherein: platform load degree kPLoad degree k of waiting areasAnd flow area load degree krThe index comprehensively reflects the load degree of the platform and the load degree k of the waiting areasFlow zone load degree krAccording to the passenger density rho of the waiting areasFlow zone passenger density ρrCalculating to obtain; the conversion relation between the load degree of the waiting area and the load degree of the flow area and the passenger density of the platform is shown in a table 3, and the numerical value between the upper limit and the lower limit is calculated by adopting a linear interpolation method;
table 3 recommended mapping relation table of density and load degree of waiting area and flow area of platform
Note: the unit of passenger density is a person per square meter.
Wherein: the load degree of the transfer passage, namely the ratio of the passenger flow demand of the transfer passage to the actual passage capacity of the passage in the statistical period, reflects the load degree of the transfer passage, and is specifically shown as a formula (5);
in the formula:
kpin the statistical period, the load degree of a certain transfer passage p of the transfer station is calculated;
Qpin the statistical period delta t (converted into min), the demand (sum of the passing passenger flow and the queuing passenger flow) of the transfer passage p of a transfer station is in the unit of number of people;
Cpthe actual passing capacity of the transfer channel p in unit time is expressed in the unit of times of people/minute (times of people/min);
the stair load degree is the ratio of the passenger flow demand of a certain stair in the statistical period to the actual passing capacity, and the stair load degree is reflected, specifically shown in a formula (6);
in the formula:
kstthe load degree of a certain stair in a station in a statistical period;
Qstthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through and the passenger flow queuing) of a certain stair at a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cstthe actual passing capacity of a certain stair is related to the width of the stair, ascending, descending or mixed row, and the unit is the number of people per minute (number of people per min);
the escalator load degree is the ratio of passenger flow demand of a certain escalator to actual passing capacity in a statistical period, and the escalator load degree is reflected, and is specifically shown in a formula (7);
in the formula:
kEsthe load degree of a certain escalator in a station in a statistical period;
QEsthe passenger flow demand (sum of passenger flow and queuing passenger flow) of a certain escalator in a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
CEsthe actual passing capacity of a certain escalator is expressed in the unit of times of people/minute (times of people/min);
the load degree of the security check equipment, namely the ratio of the passenger flow demand of certain security check equipment to the passing capacity in the statistical period, reflects the load degree of the security check equipment, and is specifically shown as a formula (8);
in the formula:
kscthe load degree of a certain group of security inspection equipment in a station in a statistical period is calculated;
Qscthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through a certain group of security check equipment and the passenger flow queuing) of a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cscin the statistical period delta t, the actual passing capacity of a certain group of security check equipment in a station and the available capacity of the security check equipment are closely related to the characteristics of the passenger flow entering the station, for example, when passengers in a subway station of a large railway station carry large luggage, the available capacity of the security check equipment is low and is the number of people per minute (number of people per min);
the gate load degree is the ratio of the passenger flow demand and the passing capacity of certain group of gate equipment in the statistical period, and reflects the gate load degree, and is specifically shown as a formula (9);
in the formula:
kgthe load degree of a certain group of gate machines in a station in a statistical period is calculated;
Qgthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through a certain group of security check equipment and the passenger flow queuing) of a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cgin the statistical period, the actual passing capacity of a certain group of gate machines in a station and the passing capacity of the gate machines are closely related to the arrangement mode of the gate machines and the capacity of a single gate machine, and the unit is the number of people per minute (number of people per minute);
the load degree of the transfer facilities, namely the load degree of the transfer facilities in each transfer direction is subjected to dimensionless index obtained by weighting calculation according to the passenger flow proportion, and reflects the comprehensive load degree of the transfer facilities of the transfer station, and the load degree of the transfer facilities in a single transfer direction is determined by the maximum load degree of each facility device on the transfer path;
the load calculation method of the transfer facility in a certain transfer direction is as shown in the formula (10):
km＝max(ks,kr,ktr,kst,kEs) (10)
in the formula:
kmin the statistical period, the load degree of transfer facilities in the m transfer directions of the transfer stations is calculated;
ks、kr、ktr、kst、kEsin the statistical period, the load degrees of a platform waiting area, a platform flowing area, a transfer passage, a stair and an escalator are respectively calculated, and the calculation process only comprises transfer facilities included in the transfer direction;
the load calculation method of the transfer facility of the transfer station is as shown in the formula (11):
in the formula:
ktransthe load degree of transfer facilities of a transfer station i is within a statistical period delta t;
βmin the statistical period delta t, the weight coefficient of the transfer direction m of the transfer station i is the proportion of the transfer passenger flow in the direction m to the total transfer quantity of the station;
kmthe load degree of the transportation capacity of the transfer facility in the m transfer directions of the transfer station is counted.
Wherein: the transport capacity load of the station facility equipment is divided into five levels which are represented by colors; the grading and color representation should meet the requirements of table 4;
table 4 recommended mapping table of degree of load of facility equipment at station and level of transport capacity load
Wherein: the station transport capacity load index is a dimensionless index obtained by weighted calculation according to the load degree of facility equipment such as station platforms, transfer passages, stairs, security check facilities, gate entry and exit machines and the like, and the calculation method of the station transport capacity load index is as shown in a formula (12):
in the formula:
i is the transport capacity load index of the station in the statistical period;
kkthe load degree of a station key area k in a statistical period is obtained;
αkweighting coefficients of different key areas k of the station in a statistical period are the ratio of the passenger flow demand of the key area k to the total passenger flow demand of all the key areas;
the station transport capacity load is divided into five grades which are expressed by colors, and the grade division and the color expression meet the requirements of a table 5;
TABLE 5 recommended mapping relationship table of station freight capacity load index and freight capacity load grade
According to the above content, the method for estimating the transport capacity load of the urban rail transit system has the following effects:
1. the existing evaluation method is only qualitative or quantitative description of a specific index, and the characteristic or the evolution law of a specific index is revealed. The invention considers the interaction relation between the rail transit supply and the demand, and can reflect the transport capacity load from two aspects of qualitative and quantitative;
2. the existing evaluation method mainly evaluates specific individual indexes. The method establishes an evaluation method system of three levels of network, line and station, and can reflect the transport capacity load of each scale (macro, meso and micro levels, or network, line and station levels) of the rail transit system more systematically;
3. the index system provided by the invention reflects the relative relationship between supply and demand, so that the application of the index system is not influenced by the scale (mileage) of a wire network, the transverse comparison of the transport capacity load of cities with different operation scales can be realized, and the quantitative evaluation of the transport capacity load degree of each city by an industry supervision department is facilitated.
4. At present, no comprehensive assessment method aiming at the transport capacity load of individual stations exists. The scheme covers the transport capacity analysis and evaluation of each main facility equipment element of the station, and takes each element into overall consideration through modeling, so that a comprehensive index for evaluating the transport capacity of the station is formed.
The details of the present invention can be obtained from the following description and the attached drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the method for estimating the capacity load of the urban rail transit system.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the method for estimating the capacity load of the urban rail transit system is shown.
Specifically, the method for evaluating the transport capacity load of the urban rail transit system comprises three levels of stations, lines and a line network, wherein evaluation objects cover key facility equipment and areas such as the lines, trains, station platforms, stairs, transfer passages, security check, gates and the like; selecting load degree and full load rate indexes reflecting supply and demand conditions, and constructing a transport capacity load evaluation index system in a layering manner; the method system comprises a station capacity load, a transfer capacity load, a line capacity load and a line network capacity load grade evaluation method.
The system comprises characteristic indexes and comprehensive indexes, wherein the characteristic indexes are used for evaluating the relation between the requirements and the capabilities of various equipment facilities in a line network, a line section and a station, and the evaluation object is single facility equipment. The characteristic indexes comprise section full-load rate, platform load degree, building and staircase load degree, transfer passage load degree, security check facility load degree, gate load degree and transfer facility load degree. The comprehensive index is used for evaluating the relation between the requirements and the capabilities of a wire network, a line and a station, and the evaluation object is the wire network, the line and the station covering a plurality of facility equipment. The comprehensive indexes comprise a line network capacity load index, a line capacity load index and a station capacity load index.
The comprehensive index comprises net transport capacity load evaluation, line transport capacity load evaluation and station transport capacity load evaluation, the net transport capacity load evaluation index is defined as a dimensionless index obtained by weighted calculation of the proportion of the number of intervals with different full load rates of the net to the total number of the intervals of the net, the larger the numerical value of the dimensionless index, the higher the transport capacity load, and the calculation step of the net transport capacity load index comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: and calculating the full load rate of each interval of the wire mesh.
The index of the full load rate is the basis of the calculation of the load index of the net capacity. The full load rate reflects the degree of congestion in the vehicles in the rail traffic interval, and is defined as the ratio of the passenger flow volume of a unidirectional section in a specific interval of the to-be-evaluated wire network to the transport capacity of the to-be-evaluated wire network in a statistical time interval, namely:
step 1.2: and counting the interval occupation ratios of different full load rates of the wire network.
In order to count the number of intervals with full load rates within a certain range, the full load rates need to be segmented, and each full load rate segment corresponds to a determined calculation weight. The full load rate segments are increased in increments at intervals of 0.1 from 0, and each full load rate segment is a left-closed right-open interval. The calculation weight can be obtained through investigation, and can be updated irregularly in combination with the transportation capacity load level of the rail transit industry.
Step 1.3: and determining the net transport capacity load index.
The dimensionless index is obtained by weighted calculation according to the proportion of the number of the intervals with different full load rates of the line network to the total number of the intervals of the line network, and the larger the numerical value is, the higher the transport capacity load is. The calculation method is as the formula (1):
in the formula:
Iwin the statistical period, the net transport capacity load index is obtained;
Nkthe number of intervals in which the full load rate k in the wire mesh is within a certain range in a counting period;
n is the total number of intervals in the net;
wkfor the calculated weight corresponding to the full load rate k, the weight w is calculatedkIt is preferable to determine by investigation according to the purpose of evaluation and development of industry, and update and correct it year by year.
Step 1.4: and (5) evaluating the load grade.
The evaluation results are in the form of an index and a grade. The wire mesh load carrying level is divided into 5 levels according to indexes and equal intervals, each level is represented by A, B, C, D, E and is expressed by uniform colors. Through the expression form of combining the quantitative index and the grade, the interpretation of the evaluation result, the comparison between different space-time dimensions and the like are facilitated. The rankings and color representations are shown in table 1:
table 6 recommended mapping relation table of net transport capacity load index and transport capacity load evaluation level
The line transport capacity load index is defined as a dimensionless index obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the interval quantity of different full load rates of the lines to the total quantity of the line intervals, and the larger the numerical value of the dimensionless index is, the higher the transport capacity load is. The calculation step of the line transport capacity load index comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: and calculating the full load rate of each interval of the line.
The full load index is the basis for calculating the line capacity load index. The full load rate reflects the degree of congestion in the vehicles in the rail traffic interval, and is defined as the ratio of the passenger flow volume of a unidirectional section in a specific interval of the to-be-evaluated wire network to the transport capacity of the to-be-evaluated wire network in a statistical time interval, namely:
step 2.2: and counting the interval occupation ratios of different full load rates of the line.
In order to count the number of intervals with full load rates within a certain range, the full load rates need to be segmented, and each full load rate segment corresponds to a determined calculation weight. The full load rate segments are increased in increments at intervals of 0.1 from 0, and each full load rate segment is a left-closed right-open interval.
Step 2.3: and determining the line capacity load index.
And the proportion of the number of the intervals with different loading rates of the line to the total number of the intervals in the direction is weighted and calculated to obtain a dimensionless index, and the larger the numerical value is, the higher the transport capacity load is. The calculation method is as the formula (2):
in the formula:
Ilcalculating the line transport capacity load index and the line transport capacity load index corresponding to the uplink and the downlink of the line respectively in a statistical period;
Nkto make statistics ofIn the period, the number of intervals with the full load rate k in the wire mesh within a certain range;
n is the total number of intervals in the net;
wkfor the calculated weight corresponding to the full load rate k, the weight w is calculatedkIt is preferable to determine by investigation according to the purpose of evaluation and development of industry, and update and correct it year by year.
Step 2.4: load rating
The evaluation results are in the form of an index and a grade. The line capacity load grades are divided into 5 grades according to indexes and equal intervals, each grade is represented by A, B, C, D, E, and the grades are expressed by uniform colors. Through the expression form of combining the quantitative index and the grade, the interpretation of the evaluation result, the comparison between different space-time dimensions and the like are facilitated. The rankings and color representations are shown in table 2:
table 7 recommended mapping table of line transportation capacity load index and transportation capacity load grade
The station transport capacity load evaluation method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: calculating passenger density in a waiting area of the platform, passenger density in a flowing area of the platform, platform load degree, transfer channel load degree, stair load degree, escalator load degree, security inspection equipment load degree and gate load degree; if the station is a transfer station, calculating the transportation capacity load degree of the transfer facility;
step 3.2: obtaining the transport capacity load grade of the facility equipment;
step 3.3: collecting evaluation indexes, and calculating a station transport capacity load index;
step 3.4: and (5) obtaining the transport capacity load grade of the station.
Specifically, the passenger density in the platform waiting area is a ratio of a maximum value of passenger flow accumulated in the platform waiting area to an area of the platform waiting area in a statistical period, and reflects the degree of congestion in the platform waiting area, specifically, as shown in formula (3).
In the formula:
ρsthe unit of the passenger flow density of a waiting area s of a station platform in a statistical period is person/square meter (person/m)2)；
QsThe unit is the maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in a waiting area s of a station platform in a counting period and is the number of people;
Ssis the area of the waiting area of the (side type or island type) platform, and the unit is square meter (m)2)；
Beta is an adjustment coefficient of the waiting area of the platform and is used for reducing the area of a reserved passenger getting-off area before the door, and beta is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1.
The passenger density in the platform flow area is the ratio of the maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in the platform flow area to the area of the platform flow area in the statistical period, and reflects the degree of congestion of the platform flow area, which is specifically expressed in formula (4).
In the formula:
ρrthe density of the station platform flow area r in the statistical period is expressed in the unit of people/square meter (people/m)2)；
QrThe maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in the station platform flow area r in the statistics period is the unit of number of people;
Srthe effective area of a flow region r of a certain platform in a statistical period is expressed in square meters (m)2)。
Platform load degree kPLoad degree k of waiting areasAnd flow area load degree krThe index comprehensively reflects the load degree of the platform and the load degree k of the waiting areasFlow zone load degree krAccording to the passenger density rho of the waiting areasFlow zone passenger density ρrAnd (4) calculating. The conversion relationship between the load degree of the waiting area and the load degree of the flow area and the passenger density of the platform is shown in the table 3 and is between the upper limitAnd the numerical value between the lower limit and the upper limit is calculated by adopting a linear interpolation method.
Table 8 recommended mapping relation table of density and load degree of waiting area and flow area of platform
Note: the unit of passenger density is a person per square meter.
The load degree of the transfer passage, namely the ratio of the passenger flow demand of the transfer passage to the actual passage capacity of the passage in the statistical period, reflects the load degree of the transfer passage, and is specifically expressed as formula (5).
In the formula:
kpin the statistical period, the load degree of a certain transfer passage p of the transfer station is calculated;
Qpin the statistical period delta t (converted into min), the demand (sum of the passing passenger flow and the queuing passenger flow) of the transfer passage p of a transfer station is in the unit of number of people;
Cpto transfer the actual throughput per unit time of lane p, the unit is human/minute (human/min).
The stair load degree is a ratio of the passenger flow demand of a certain stair in the statistical period to the actual passing capacity, and reflects the stair load degree, and is specifically shown in a formula (6).
In the formula:
kstthe load degree of a certain stair in a station in a statistical period;
Qstthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through and the passenger flow queuing) of a certain stair at a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cstthe actual passing capacity of a certain stair is related to the width of the stair, ascending, descending or mixed row, and the unit is the number of people per minute (people/min).
The escalator load degree is the ratio of passenger flow demand of a certain escalator to actual passing capacity in a statistical period, and reflects the load degree of the escalator, and is specifically represented by the formula (7).
In the formula:
kEsthe load degree of a certain escalator in a station in a statistical period;
QEsthe passenger flow demand (sum of passenger flow and queuing passenger flow) of a certain escalator in a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
CEsthe unit is the actual passing capacity of a certain escalator and is the number of people per minute (number of people per min).
The security inspection equipment load degree is the ratio of passenger flow demand and passing capacity of certain security inspection equipment in a statistical period, and reflects the security inspection equipment load degree, and is specifically shown as a formula (8).
In the formula:
kscthe load degree of a certain group of security inspection equipment in a station in a statistical period is calculated;
Qscthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through a certain group of security check equipment and the passenger flow queuing) of a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cscin the statistical period delta t, the actual passing capacity of a certain group of security check equipment in the station and the available capacity of the security check equipment are closely related to the characteristics of the passenger flow entering the station, for example, passengers in a subway station in a large railway station carry large luggage, and the available capacity of the security check equipment is low and is the number of people per minute (people per minute).
The gate load degree is a ratio of the passenger flow demand and the passing capacity of a certain group of gate devices in a statistical period, and reflects the gate load degree, and is specifically expressed as formula (9).
In the formula:
kgthe load degree of a certain group of gate machines in a station in a statistical period is calculated;
Qgthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through a certain group of security check equipment and the passenger flow queuing) of a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cgthe actual passing capacity of a certain group of gate machines in a station in a statistical period is closely related to the arrangement mode of the gate machines and the capacity of a single gate machine, and the unit is the number of people per minute (number of people per minute).
The load degree of the transfer facilities, namely the load degree of the transfer facilities in each transfer direction is a dimensionless index obtained by weighting and calculating according to the passenger flow proportion, reflects the comprehensive load degree of the transfer facilities of the transfer station, and the load degree of the transfer facilities in a single transfer direction is determined by the maximum load degree of each facility device on the transfer path.
The load calculation method of the transfer facility in a certain transfer direction is as shown in the formula (10):
km＝max(ks,kr,ktr,kst,kEs) (10)
in the formula:
kmin the statistical period, the load degree of transfer facilities in the m transfer directions of the transfer stations is calculated;
ks、kr、ktr、kst、kEsin the statistical period, the load degrees of the platform waiting area, the platform flowing area, the transfer passage, the stairs and the escalator are respectively, and the calculation process only comprises transfer facilities included in the transfer direction.
The load calculation method of the transfer facility of the transfer station is as shown in the formula (11):
in the formula:
ktransthe load degree of transfer facilities of a transfer station i is within a statistical period delta t;
βmin the statistical period delta t, the weight coefficient of the transfer direction m of the transfer station i is the proportion of the transfer passenger flow in the direction m to the total transfer quantity of the station;
kmthe load degree of the transportation capacity of the transfer facility in the m transfer directions of the transfer station is counted.
The transport capacity load of the station facility equipment is divided into five levels, and the five levels are represented by colors. The grading and color representation should meet the requirements of table 4.
Table 9 recommended mapping table of degree of load of facility equipment at station and level of transport capacity load
The station transport capacity load index comprehensively reflects the transport capacity load degree of the whole station according to dimensionless indexes obtained by weighted calculation of the load degrees of station platforms, transfer channels, stairs, security check facilities, gate entry and exit machines and other facility equipment, and the numerical value is larger to indicate that the transport capacity load is higher.
The station capacity load index calculation method is as shown in a formula (12):
in the formula:
i is the transport capacity load index of the station in the statistical period;
kkthe load degree of a station key area k in a statistical period is obtained;
αkthe weighting coefficients of different key areas k of the station in the statistical period are the ratio of the passenger flow demand of the key area k to the total passenger flow demand of all the key areas.
4) Station capacity load grading
The station capacity load is divided into five grades which are represented by colors. The grading and color representation should meet the requirements of table 5.
TABLE 10 recommended mapping relationship table of station freight capacity load index and freight capacity load grade
Therefore, the method for evaluating the transport capacity load of the urban rail transit system comprises the steps of constructing transport capacity load evaluation indexes and evaluation methods of three layers of stations, lines and wire nets under different time granularity conditions aiming at the problem that the current urban rail transit transport load evaluation technical means is lack, and providing a unified, quantitative, objective and scientific transport capacity load evaluation technical scheme for urban rail transit.
It should be apparent that the foregoing description and illustrations are by way of example only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, application or uses. While embodiments have been described in the embodiments and depicted in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the particular examples illustrated by the drawings and described in the embodiments as the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the teachings of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention will include any embodiments falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the transport capacity load of an urban rail transit system comprises three levels of a station, a line and a line network, wherein the three levels comprise characteristic indexes and comprehensive indexes, the characteristic indexes are used for evaluating the relation between the line network and the line interval and the requirements and the capacity of various equipment facilities in the station, and the comprehensive indexes are used for evaluating the relation between the requirements and the capacity of the line network, the line and the station, and the method is characterized in that:
the comprehensive index comprises net transport capacity load evaluation, line transport capacity load evaluation and station transport capacity load evaluation, the net transport capacity load evaluation index is defined as a dimensionless index obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the number of the intervals with different full load rates of the net to the total number of the intervals of the net, and the calculating steps are as follows:
step 1.1: calculating the full load rate of each interval of the wire net;
step 1.2: counting the interval occupation ratios of different full load rates of the wire network;
step 1.3: determining a net transport capacity load index;
step 1.4: evaluating the load grade;
the line capacity load index is defined as a dimensionless index obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the interval quantity of different full load rates of the line to the total quantity of the line intervals, and the calculating step comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: calculating the full load rate of each interval of the line;
step 2.2: counting the interval proportion of different full load rates of the line;
step 2.3: determining a line transport capacity load index;
step 2.4: evaluating the load grade;
the station transport capacity load evaluation method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: calculating passenger density in a waiting area of the platform, passenger density in a flowing area of the platform, platform load degree, transfer channel load degree, stair load degree, escalator load degree, security inspection equipment load degree and gate load degree; when the station is a transfer station, calculating the transportation capacity load degree of the transfer facility;
step 3.2: obtaining the transport capacity load grade of the facility equipment;
step 3.3: collecting evaluation indexes, and calculating a station transport capacity load index;
step 3.4: and (5) obtaining the transport capacity load grade of the station.
2. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1.3, dimensionless indexes are obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the number of the intervals with different loading rates of the wire network to the total number of the intervals of the wire network in the wire network transport capacity load index, wherein the larger the numerical value is, the higher the transport capacity load is; the calculation method is as the formula (1):
in the formula:
Iwin the statistical period, the net transport capacity load index is obtained;
Nkthe number of intervals in which the full load rate k in the wire mesh is within a certain range in a counting period;
n is the total number of intervals in the net;
wkfor the calculated weight corresponding to the full load rate k, the weight w is calculatedkIt is preferable to determine by investigation according to the purpose of evaluation and development of industry, and update and correct it year by year.
3. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaluation result in the load rating evaluation of step 1.4 adopts two display forms of index and grade, and the grade division and the color are represented as table 1:
table 1 recommended mapping relation table of net transport capacity load index and transport capacity load evaluation level
4. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 2.3, dimensionless indexes are obtained by weighting and calculating the proportion of the number of intervals with different full load rates of the lines to the total number of the intervals in the direction, and the larger the numerical value is, the higher the transport capacity load is; the calculation method is as the formula (2):
in the formula:
Ilcalculating the line transport capacity load index and the line transport capacity load index corresponding to the uplink and the downlink of the line respectively in a statistical period;
Nkthe number of intervals in which the full load rate k in the wire mesh is within a certain range in a counting period;
n is the total number of intervals in the net;
wkfor the calculated weight corresponding to the full load rate k, the weight w is calculatedkIt is preferable to determine by investigation according to the purpose of evaluation and development of industry, and update and correct it year by year.
5. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the load rating evaluation of step 2.4, the evaluation result adopts two display forms of index and rating, and the rating and color are shown in table 2:
table 2 recommended mapping relation table of line transportation capacity load index and transportation capacity load grade
6. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the passenger density of the platform waiting area is the ratio of the maximum accumulated passenger flow of the platform waiting area to the area of the platform waiting area in the statistical period, and the crowdedness degree of the platform waiting area is reflected, specifically shown in a formula (3);
in the formula:
ρsthe unit of the passenger flow density of a waiting area s of a station platform in a statistical period is person/square meter (person/m)2)；
QsThe unit is the maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in a waiting area s of a station platform in a counting period and is the number of people;
Ssis the area of the waiting area of the (side type or island type) platform, and the unit is square meter (m)2)；
Beta is an adjustment coefficient of the waiting area of the platform and is used for reducing the area of a reserved passenger getting-off area in front of a vehicle door, and beta is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1;
the passenger density of the platform flow area is the ratio of the maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in the platform flow area in the statistical period to the area of the platform flow area, and the crowding degree of the platform flow area is reflected, specifically shown in a formula (4);
in the formula:
ρrthe density of the station platform flow area r in the statistical period is expressed in the unit of people/square meter (people/m)2)；
QrThe maximum value of the passenger flow accumulated in the station platform flow area r in the statistics period is the unit of number of people;
Srthe effective area of a flow region r of a certain platform in a statistical period is expressed in square meters (m)2)。
7. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: platform load degree kPLoad degree k of waiting areasAnd flow area load degree krThe index comprehensively reflects the load degree of the platform and the load degree k of the waiting areasFlow zone load degree krAccording to the passenger density rho of the waiting areasFlow zone passenger density ρrCalculating to obtain; the conversion relation between the load degree of the waiting area and the load degree of the flow area and the passenger density of the platform is shown in a table 3, and the numerical value between the upper limit and the lower limit is calculated by adopting a linear interpolation methodTo;
table 3 recommended mapping relation table of density and load degree of waiting area and flow area of platform
Note: the unit of passenger density is a person per square meter.
8. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the load degree of the transfer passage, namely the ratio of the passenger flow demand of the transfer passage to the actual passage capacity of the passage in the statistical period, reflects the load degree of the transfer passage, and is specifically shown as a formula (5);
in the formula:
kpin the statistical period, the load degree of a certain transfer passage p of the transfer station is calculated;
Qpin the statistical period delta t (converted into min), the demand (sum of the passing passenger flow and the queuing passenger flow) of the transfer passage p of a transfer station is in the unit of number of people;
Cpthe actual passing capacity of the transfer channel p in unit time is expressed in the unit of times of people/minute (times of people/min);
the stair load degree is the ratio of the passenger flow demand of a certain stair in the statistical period to the actual passing capacity, and the stair load degree is reflected, specifically shown in a formula (6);
in the formula:
kstthe load degree of a certain stair in a station in a statistical period;
Qstthe passenger flow demand of a certain stair at a station is counted within the period delta t (converted into min)Calculating the quantity (the sum of the passenger flow and the queuing passenger flow), wherein the unit is the number of people;
Cstthe actual passing capacity of a certain stair is related to the width of the stair, ascending, descending or mixed row, and the unit is the number of people per minute (number of people per min);
the escalator load degree is the ratio of passenger flow demand of a certain escalator to actual passing capacity in a statistical period, and the escalator load degree is reflected, and is specifically shown in a formula (7);
in the formula:
kEsthe load degree of a certain escalator in a station in a statistical period;
QEsthe passenger flow demand (sum of passenger flow and queuing passenger flow) of a certain escalator in a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
CEsthe actual passing capacity of a certain escalator is expressed in the unit of times of people/minute (times of people/min);
the load degree of the security check equipment, namely the ratio of the passenger flow demand of certain security check equipment to the passing capacity in the statistical period, reflects the load degree of the security check equipment, and is specifically shown as a formula (8);
in the formula:
kscthe load degree of a certain group of security inspection equipment in a station in a statistical period is calculated;
Qscthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through a certain group of security check equipment and the passenger flow queuing) of a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cscin the statistical period delta t, the actual passing capacity of a certain group of security check equipment in the station and the available capacity of the security check equipment are closely related to the characteristics of the passenger flow entering the station, for example, passengers in a subway station in a large railway station carry large luggage, and security check equipmentThe available capacity of the preparation is low, and the preparation is carried out once per minute (once per min);
the gate load degree is the ratio of the passenger flow demand and the passing capacity of certain group of gate equipment in the statistical period, and reflects the gate load degree, and is specifically shown as a formula (9);
in the formula:
kgthe load degree of a certain group of gate machines in a station in a statistical period is calculated;
Qgthe passenger flow demand (the sum of the passenger flow passing through a certain group of security check equipment and the passenger flow queuing) of a station in a statistical period delta t (converted into min) is in the unit of number of people;
Cgin the statistical period, the actual passing capacity of a certain group of gate machines in a station and the passing capacity of the gate machines are closely related to the arrangement mode of the gate machines and the capacity of a single gate machine, and the unit is the number of people per minute (number of people per minute);
the load degree of the transfer facilities, namely the load degree of the transfer facilities in each transfer direction is subjected to dimensionless index obtained by weighting calculation according to the passenger flow proportion, and reflects the comprehensive load degree of the transfer facilities of the transfer station, and the load degree of the transfer facilities in a single transfer direction is determined by the maximum load degree of each facility device on the transfer path;
the load calculation method of the transfer facility in a certain transfer direction is as shown in the formula (10):
km＝max(ks,kr,ktr,kst,kEs) (10)
in the formula:
kmin the statistical period, the load degree of transfer facilities in the m transfer directions of the transfer stations is calculated;
ks、kr、ktr、kst、kEsin the statistical period, the load degrees of a platform waiting area, a platform flowing area, a transfer passage, a stair and an escalator are respectively calculated, and the calculation process only comprises transfer facilities included in the transfer direction;
the load calculation method of the transfer facility of the transfer station is as shown in the formula (11):
in the formula:
ktransthe load degree of transfer facilities of a transfer station i is within a statistical period delta t;
βmin the statistical period delta t, the weight coefficient of the transfer direction m of the transfer station i is the proportion of the transfer passenger flow in the direction m to the total transfer quantity of the station;
kmthe load degree of the transportation capacity of the transfer facility in the m transfer directions of the transfer station is counted.
9. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transport capacity load of the station facility equipment is divided into five levels which are represented by colors; the grading and color representation should meet the requirements of table 4;
table 4 recommended mapping table of degree of load of facility equipment at station and level of transport capacity load
10. The urban rail transit system capacity load assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the station transport capacity load index is a dimensionless index obtained by weighted calculation according to the load degree of facility equipment such as station platforms, transfer passages, stairs, security check facilities, gate entry and exit machines and the like, and the calculation method of the station transport capacity load index is as shown in a formula (12):
in the formula:
i is the transport capacity load index of the station in the statistical period;
kkthe load degree of a station key area k in a statistical period is obtained;
αkweighting coefficients of different key areas k of the station in a statistical period are the ratio of the passenger flow demand of the key area k to the total passenger flow demand of all the key areas;
the station transport capacity load is divided into five grades which are expressed by colors, and the grade division and the color expression meet the requirements of a table 5;
TABLE 5 recommended mapping relationship table of station freight capacity load index and freight capacity load grade
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