CN113495300B - Underground cable detection method based on charge induction - Google Patents
Underground cable detection method based on charge induction Download PDFInfo
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- CN113495300B CN113495300B CN202110668927.2A CN202110668927A CN113495300B CN 113495300 B CN113495300 B CN 113495300B CN 202110668927 A CN202110668927 A CN 202110668927A CN 113495300 B CN113495300 B CN 113495300B
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- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/081—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices the magnetic field is produced by the objects or geological structures
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Abstract
The invention provides an underground cable detection method based on charge induction, which is characterized in that three electrodes are arranged on the same plane in a triangular arrangement mode and are respectively connected with three charge sensors, and the charge sensors are connected with an acquisition processing module; the three-electrode array scans in parallel to the ground to be detected, the three metal detection electrodes simultaneously sense the change of a ground electric field, the generated induced charge quantity is converted into a voltage quantity by the charge sensor, finally, the amplitude values of the three groups of voltage waveforms are respectively processed by the acquisition processing module, the position and the trend of the buried cable are determined, and finally, the buried depth of the cable can be obtained through calculation. The three electrodes are used for inducing an electric field generated by the ground wire cable to realize the charge change generated by the detection of the position, the trend and the buried depth of the ground wire cable, the ratio of the amplitude is only needed to be measured, external factors such as magnetic conductivity, dielectric constant, cable current-carrying capacity and the like are not needed to be known, a signal is not needed to be actively applied, and the detection depth can reach 4m.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting underground cables based on charge induction, in particular to a method for detecting the trend and the depth of underground cables based on charge induction.
Technical Field
Power cables are an important component of power systems and are the vehicle for transporting electrical energy to individual consumers. The power cable is divided into an overhead power transmission line and an underground cable, wherein most of the underground cables are directly buried in soil, underwater or in a channel, and compared with the overhead power transmission line, the underground cable is less influenced by the natural environment, does not have electric shock and other safety accidents, and is safer and more reliable. However, due to urban power grid transformation and cable migration, position data of underground cables is incomplete or inaccurate, so that engineers are easily damaged in construction due to unclear positions of the cables, power and communication interruption is caused, and serious consequences are caused to production and life. Therefore, the research on the underground cable detection method is significant in guaranteeing the normal production and life of urban residents.
With the wide application of underground cables, the cable positioning monitoring technology is continuously developed, mainly including a ground penetrating radar method and an electromagnetic detection method, but the above implementation methods have defects of different degrees. The ground penetrating radar method needs to detect the distribution of cables by artificially transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the underground, but the method has high requirements on the soil environment, particularly in moist soil, the electromagnetic waves are greatly attenuated, so that the detection depth is small, and instruments for generating the high-frequency electromagnetic waves are expensive and have high cost. For the electromagnetic induction method, a currently common method is to detect a magnetic field directly radiated by a cable, and although it is not necessary to emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the cable, besides the magnetic field of the cable itself, other magnetic fields, such as a geomagnetic field and a magnetic field formed by other power equipment, may exist in the environment where the cable is located, which may cause erroneous judgment.
Several factors, namely equipment cost, complexity and environmental anti-interference capability of the detection cable, are often difficult to satisfy simultaneously by the cable detection technology. Therefore, an underground cable detection method which is low in cost, simple to implement and high in anti-interference capacity needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an underground cable detection method based on charge induction.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an underground cable detection method based on charge induction is characterized in that three electrodes are arranged on the same plane in a triangular mode and are respectively connected into three charge sensors, and the charge sensors are connected with an acquisition processing module; the three-electrode array scans in parallel to the ground to be detected, the three metal detection electrodes simultaneously sense the change of a ground electric field, the charge sensor converts the generated induced charge amount into a voltage amount, finally, the acquisition and processing module respectively processes the amplitudes of the three groups of voltage waveforms to determine the position and the trend of the buried cable, and finally, the buried depth of the cable can be obtained through calculation.
Furthermore, the three detection electrodes are all the same in material, shape, thickness and area, the material comprises copper, aluminum, iron and tin, and the shape comprises circular, square and oval.
Furthermore, the arrangement distance of the three electrodes in the electrode array is larger than the diameter of the underground cable to be measured, and the distance between the electrodes is adjustable.
A method for detecting underground cables based on charge induction comprises the following mechanisms: the cable is approximately simplified into a wireless long straight conductor, a space rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the ground as an x-z plane and the vertical direction as a y axis, and then the electric field component of the cable on the y axis generated at a certain point on the ground is as follows:
where μ is the permeability of the medium, ε is the dielectric constant, μ 0 Is the permeability of the medium in vacuum, u r Is the relative magnetic permeability of the medium, I is the intensity of the current flowing in the cable, h is the buried depth of the cable, and x is the distance from the point on the ground in the horizontal direction to the position directly above the cable.
The horizontal distances from the ground to the cable are respectively two points of x1 and x2, and the generated electric field components on the y axis are respectively:
comparing the formula (2) with the formula (3) to obtain
When E is 1 ＞E 2 When a is more than 1, the formula (4) is simplified to obtain the burial depth h as:
when x is 1 If =0, the formula (5) becomes
An underground cable detection method based on charge induction is characterized by acquiring the position, the trend and the burial depth of an underground cable, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) In the plane parallel to the ground to be measured, the three-electrode array simultaneously carries out translation scanning along one direction, and when the amplitude of the output voltage waveform of one electrode is maximum, the electrode is considered to be positioned right above the cable;
2) Fixing the electrodes in the step 1), rotating the whole three-electrode array, and when the amplitude of the output voltage waveform of one of the other two electrodes reaches the maximum and is equivalent to the amplitude of the output voltage waveform of the fixed electrode, considering that the electrode is positioned right above the cable, the connection line of the electrode and the electrode in the step 1) is the trend of the underground cable;
3) Keeping the position of the three-electrode array in the step 2) unchanged, wherein the output voltage of the electrode fixed on the cable in the step 1) is U 1 The distance between the electrode and the cable is x, and the output voltage of the electrode is U 2 Will U is 1 And U 2 Compared with the prior art, the voltage amplitude and the electric field intensity are positively correlated, and the following results are obtained:
further, the cable burial depth is calculated as follows:
the method has the remarkable advantages that the three electrodes are used for inducing the electric field generated by the ground wire cable to realize the charge change generated by the detection of the position, the trend and the burial depth of the ground wire cable, the ratio of the amplitude is only needed to be measured, external factors such as magnetic conductivity, dielectric constant, cable current-carrying capacity and the like are not needed to be known, a signal is not needed to be applied actively, and the detection depth can reach 4m.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-electrode device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-electrode array.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-electrode array rotation.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the effects of the present invention, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments of detecting the direction and depth of cables in a wall, specifically as follows:
1) Drawing an equilateral triangle with the side length of 40cm on a transparent plastic plate, and fixing three electrodes on three vertexes respectively, as shown in figure 2;
2) The three electrodes are horizontally translated from the initial position in parallel to the wall surface to be measured, the amplitude of the output voltage of the electrode 3 is reduced in the process, the amplitude of the output voltage of the electrode 1 is increased firstly and then reduced, the amplitude of the output voltage of the electrode 2 is increased, when the amplitude of the output voltage of the electrode 1 is found to be the maximum, the electrode 1 is fixed, and at the moment, the electrode 1 is positioned right above a wall cable;
3) The fixed electrode 1 rotates the whole electrode array anticlockwise, the amplitude of the output voltage of the electrode 3 is increased and then reduced in the process, when the maximum amplitude of the output voltage of the electrode 3 is found, the electrode 3 is fixed, the electrode 3 is right above a wall cable at the moment, and the connection line of the electrode 1 and the electrode 3 is the direction of the cable, as shown in the attached drawing 3;
4) The voltage signals of the three electrodes at the same point are respectively 850mV, 350mV and 600mV, and the difference of the measurement value of each electrode at the same point needs to be considered in the subsequent calculation;
5) Fixing the three electrodes in step 3), wherein the voltage amplitudes U of the electrode 3 and the electrode 2 are fixed 3 And U 2 2360mV and 104mV respectively, and are obtained by normalization:
6) Further, the distance x from the electrode 2 to the cable run is measured 2 =34.641cm, and h =9.9cm can be obtained from expressions (6) and (7).
The calculation result is consistent with the actual wiring burial depth, and the feasibility of the cable detection method provided by the invention is demonstrated.
Claims (3)
1. An underground cable detection method based on charge induction is characterized in that three electrodes are arranged on the same plane in a triangular mode and are respectively connected into three charge sensors, and the charge sensors are connected with an acquisition processing module; the three-electrode array is parallel to the ground to be detected for scanning, the three metal detection electrodes simultaneously induce the change of a ground electric field, the generated induced charge quantity is converted into a voltage quantity by the charge sensor, finally, the amplitude values of the three groups of voltage waveforms are respectively processed by the acquisition processing module, the position and the trend of the buried cable are determined, and finally, the buried depth of the cable can be obtained through calculation, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) In the plane parallel to the ground to be measured, the three-electrode array simultaneously carries out translation scanning along one direction, and when the amplitude of the output voltage waveform of one electrode is maximum, the electrode is considered to be positioned right above the cable;
2) Fixing the electrodes in the step 1), rotating the whole three-electrode array, and when the amplitude of the output voltage waveform of one of the other two electrodes reaches the maximum and is equivalent to the amplitude of the output voltage waveform of the fixed electrode, considering that the electrode is positioned right above the cable, the connection line of the electrode and the electrode in the step 1) is the trend of the underground cable;
3) Keeping the position of the three-electrode array in the step 2) unchanged, and keeping the output voltage of the electrode fixed on the cable direction in the step 1) to be U 1 The distance between the electrode and the cable is x, and the output voltage of the electrode is U 2 Will U is 1 And U 2 Compared with the prior art, the voltage amplitude and the electric field intensity are positively correlated, and the following results are obtained:
further, the cable burial depth is calculated as follows:
2. the underground cable detection method based on charge induction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three detection electrodes are made of the same material, shape, thickness and area, the material includes copper, aluminum, iron and tin, and the shape includes circular, square and oval.
3. The underground cable detection method based on charge induction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arrangement distance of the three electrodes in the electrode array is larger than the diameter of the underground cable to be detected, and the distance between the electrodes is adjustable.
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