CN113494936B - Underground tuber crop growth monitoring device and monitoring method - Google Patents

Underground tuber crop growth monitoring device and monitoring method Download PDF

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CN113494936B
CN113494936B CN202010256364.1A CN202010256364A CN113494936B CN 113494936 B CN113494936 B CN 113494936B CN 202010256364 A CN202010256364 A CN 202010256364A CN 113494936 B CN113494936 B CN 113494936B
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刘琪芳
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Shanxi Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention relates to an underground tuber crop growth monitoring device and a monitoring method, which are used for carrying out underground tuber crop growth information acquisition control on a soil moisture content sensor module, a weather information acquisition sensor module, an array information and a video acquisition module through a central control module, and uploading data to a visual display platform by utilizing a wireless network transmission mode. The invention can realize the visual in-situ monitoring of the growth state of the underground crops under the condition of not damaging the soil and the growth state of the crops, and improves the real-time performance and the comprehensiveness of the data acquisition in the growth monitoring process of the underground crops. Effectively solves the problems of difficult in-situ detection, low data aging and weak visualization degree of the existing underground tuber crop growth monitoring.

Description

一种地下块茎作物生长监测装置及监测方法A device and method for monitoring the growth of underground tuber crops

技术领域Technical Field

本发明涉及地下作物生长监测领域，具体涉及一种地下块茎作物生长监测装置及监测方法。The invention relates to the field of underground crop growth monitoring, and in particular to an underground tuber crop growth monitoring device and a monitoring method.

背景技术Background Art

由于植物本身动态变化特性以及土壤环境的非透明性，地下块茎作物生长监测研究远远滞后于地上研究。在现有的技术条件下，对地下块茎作物如红薯、马铃薯、洋芋、胡萝卜等块茎生长监测方法主要是基于人类视觉经验判断的尺量法、取样方法、化学分析等方法来实现的，或采用专用仪器对其拓扑结构、生长参数等相关数据进行测量。而这些方法需要破坏植物生长的土壤环境，将其从土壤中挖出，取样具有移位和水分逸失等问题，无法实现作物的原位可视化检测，过程费时费力。基于此，有必要发明一种地下块茎作物生长监测装置，以解决现有地下块茎作物生长监测原位检测困难、数据时效低、以及可视化程度弱的问题。Due to the dynamic characteristics of the plants themselves and the non-transparency of the soil environment, the research on underground tuber crop growth monitoring lags far behind the above-ground research. Under the existing technical conditions, the tuber growth monitoring methods for underground tuber crops such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, potatoes, carrots, etc. are mainly based on the measurement method, sampling method, chemical analysis and other methods based on human visual experience judgment, or use special instruments to measure their topological structure, growth parameters and other related data. However, these methods require destroying the soil environment in which the plants grow, digging them out of the soil, and sampling has problems such as displacement and water loss. It is impossible to achieve in-situ visual detection of crops, and the process is time-consuming and laborious. Based on this, it is necessary to invent a device for monitoring the growth of underground tuber crops to solve the problems of the existing underground tuber crop growth monitoring in-situ detection difficulties, low data timeliness, and weak visualization.

发明内容Summary of the invention

为了解决上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供以下技术方案。In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

一种地下块茎作物生长监测装置，包括土壤墒情传感器模块、天气信息采集传感器模块、阵列信息及视频获取模块、激励信号产生模块、开关逻辑选通模块、数据采集模块、中心控制模块、数据传输模块、电源供电模块、以及可视化显示平台，所述土壤墒情传感器模块的信号输出端与数据采集模块的信号输入端连接，所述天气信息采集传感器模块的信号输出端与中心控制模块的信号输入端连接，阵列信息及视频获取模块包括底板、底板卡座，所述底板上安装有电极与摄像头，所述底板固定在底板卡座上，所述底板卡座上设有头部尖锐的插棒，所述底板卡座上固定有刻度棒，所述刻度棒上标有刻度，所述摄像头的信号输出端与中心控制模块的信号输入端相连，所述电极既是激励电极又是测量电极，所述电极由耐腐蚀、耐磨损、具有强导电性的复合金属材料制成，所述电极以N×N（N为正整数）的阵列排列方式嵌入在底板上，电极表面与底板表面齐平，摄像头嵌入在底板阵列电极中心位置，摄像头与底板表面间用耐腐蚀、耐磨损、绝缘透明复合材料隔离，所述电极在开关逻辑选通模块输出信号控制下选通连接激励信号产生模块的信号输出端或数据采集模块的信号输入端，所述开关逻辑选通模块包括M

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N×N)个两路转换开关（M为底板数量），每个两路转换开关均由中心控制模块控制，且均于中心控制模块连接，中心控制模块通过M
Figure 930788DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 769431DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)个两路转换开关其中一路对激励信号产生模块进行通断控制，激励信号产生模块与M
Figure 394447DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
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N)个两路转换开关其中一路连接，中心控制模块通过M
Figure 472442DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 114776DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)个两路转换开关另外一路对数据采集模块进行通断控制，数据采集模块与M
Figure 63140DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 765517DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)个两路转换开关另外一路连接，所述激励信号产生模块包括D/A转换器、电流电压转换器、以及多级信号放大器，激励信号产生模块的输入信号与D/A转换器的信号输入端连接，D/A转换器的信号输出端与电流电压转换器的输入端连接，电流电压转换器的输出端与多级信号放大器的信号输入端连接，多级信号放大器的信号输出端在开关逻辑选通模块的输出信号控制下与电极连接，所述数据采集模块包括有多级信号放大器、A/D转换器，多级信号放大器的信号输出端与A/D转换器的信号输入端连接，A/D转换器的信号输出端与中心控制模块的输入端双向连接，所述数据传输模块的信号输入端与中心控制模块的信号传输端连接，数据传输模块的数据输出端与可视化显示平台的信号输入端无线连接，所述中心控制模块的电源输入端与电源供电模块的电源输出端连接；A device for monitoring the growth of underground tuber crops, comprising a soil moisture sensor module, a weather information acquisition sensor module, an array information and video acquisition module, an excitation signal generation module, a switch logic selection module, a data acquisition module, a central control module, a data transmission module, a power supply module, and a visual display platform, wherein the signal output end of the soil moisture sensor module is connected to the signal input end of the data acquisition module, the signal output end of the weather information acquisition sensor module is connected to the signal input end of the central control module, the array information and video acquisition module comprises a bottom plate and a bottom plate holder, electrodes and a camera are installed on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixed on the bottom plate holder, a plug with a sharp head is provided on the bottom plate holder, and the bottom plate A scale bar is fixed on the card holder, and the scale bar is marked with scales. The signal output end of the camera is connected to the signal input end of the central control module. The electrode is both an excitation electrode and a measuring electrode. The electrode is made of a corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and highly conductive composite metal material. The electrode is embedded in the bottom plate in an N×N (N is a positive integer) array arrangement. The electrode surface is flush with the bottom plate surface. The camera is embedded in the center of the bottom plate array electrode. The camera and the bottom plate surface are isolated by a corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, insulating and transparent composite material. The electrode is connected to the signal output end of the excitation signal generating module or the signal input end of the data acquisition module under the control of the output signal of the switch logic gating module. The switch logic gating module includes M
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N×N) two-way conversion switches (M is the number of base plates), each of which is controlled by a central control module and connected to the central control module. The central control module
Figure 930788DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 769431DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N) two-way conversion switches, one of which controls the on-off of the excitation signal generating module. The excitation signal generating module is connected to M
Figure 394447DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
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N) two-way conversion switches, one of which is connected, and the central control module is connected through M
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(N
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N) two-way conversion switch, the other one of which controls the on-off of the data acquisition module.
Figure 63140DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 765517DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N) two-way conversion switches are connected to another way, the excitation signal generating module includes a D/A converter, a current-voltage converter, and a multi-stage signal amplifier, the input signal of the excitation signal generating module is connected to the signal input end of the D/A converter, the signal output end of the D/A converter is connected to the input end of the current-voltage converter, the output end of the current-voltage converter is connected to the signal input end of the multi-stage signal amplifier, and the signal output end of the multi-stage signal amplifier is connected to the electrode under the control of the output signal of the switch logic gating module, the data acquisition module includes a multi-stage signal amplifier and an A/D converter, the signal output end of the multi-stage signal amplifier is connected to the signal input end of the A/D converter, the signal output end of the A/D converter is bidirectionally connected to the input end of the central control module, the signal input end of the data transmission module is connected to the signal transmission end of the central control module, the data output end of the data transmission module is wirelessly connected to the signal input end of the visualization display platform, and the power input end of the central control module is connected to the power output end of the power supply module;

进一步的，所述有土壤墒情传感器模块设有土壤温湿度传感器、土壤PH传感器、土壤电导率传感器、土壤养分传感器；Furthermore, the soil moisture sensor module is provided with a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil pH sensor, a soil conductivity sensor, and a soil nutrient sensor;

进一步的，所述天气信息采集传感器模块安装有空气温湿度传感器、二氧化碳传感器、光照传感器；Furthermore, the weather information collection sensor module is equipped with an air temperature and humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, and a light sensor;

进一步的，所述底板有两个，所述底板由耐腐蚀、耐磨损绝缘复合材料制成，所述底板卡座由耐腐蚀、耐磨损的复合金属材料制成；Furthermore, there are two bottom plates, the bottom plates are made of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant insulating composite materials, and the bottom plate holders are made of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant composite metal materials;

进一步的，所述摄像头为集成化小型摄像头；Furthermore, the camera is an integrated small camera;

进一步的，所述可视化显示平台为计算机；Furthermore, the visual display platform is a computer;

进一步的，所述中心控制模块采用ARM控制芯片或DSP芯片；Furthermore, the central control module adopts an ARM control chip or a DSP chip;

进一步的，所述数据传输模块包括网络化服务器与无线传输模块；Furthermore, the data transmission module includes a networked server and a wireless transmission module;

进一步的，所述电源供电模块为生物能电源模块；Furthermore, the power supply module is a bioenergy power supply module;

一种地下块茎作物生长监测方法，其特征在于，A method for monitoring the growth of underground tuber crops, characterized in that:

（1）将带有底板的底板卡座同深度垂直插入被测植物地下块茎生长区域的两端；(1) Insert the base plate holder with the base plate vertically into the two ends of the underground tuber growth area of the plant to be tested at the same depth;

（2）启动电源供电模块，电源供电开始向中心控制模块供电；(2) Start the power supply module, and the power supply starts to supply power to the central control module;

（3）中心控制模块输出控制信号，数据采集模块开始采集土壤墒情数据与天气信息数据，激励信号产生模块将产生激励电信号；(3) The central control module outputs a control signal, the data acquisition module starts to collect soil moisture data and weather information data, and the excitation signal generation module generates an excitation electrical signal;

（4）同时，中心控制模块产生对底板上M

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(N
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N)个电极连接的开关逻辑选通模块中转换开关的通断控制信号，并按照电极排列依次完成水平方向与垂直方向的数据采集，其过程如下：(4) At the same time, the central control module generates a signal to the M
Figure 533753DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
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The switch logic gating module connects N) electrodes to the on-off control signal of the conversion switch, and completes the data collection in the horizontal and vertical directions in sequence according to the arrangement of the electrodes. The process is as follows:

①通过中心控制模块对底板上水平方向M

Figure 313807DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 921506DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)个电极连接的转换开关进行通断控制，使一个底板上的N路转换开关处于接通激励信号产生模块状态，其余M
Figure 973775DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 692333DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)-N路转换开关均处于接通数据采集模块状态，处于接通激励信号产生模块的电极为当前激励电极，处于接通数据采集模块状态的电极为当前测量电极；① Through the central control module, the horizontal direction M
Figure 313807DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 921506DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The N-way conversion switches connected to the electrodes are controlled to be on and off, so that the N-way conversion switches on one bottom plate are in the state of connecting to the excitation signal generating module, and the remaining M
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(N
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The N)-N-way conversion switches are all in the state of connecting to the data acquisition module, the electrode in the state of connecting to the excitation signal generating module is the current excitation electrode, and the electrode in the state of connecting to the data acquisition module is the current measurement electrode;

②通过数据采集模块可以采集M

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(N
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N)-N个测量结果；②The data acquisition module can collect M
Figure 880869DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 659469DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)-N measurement results;

③重复①至②，循环控制转换开关的通断，完成水平方向底板上的M

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N次数据采集过程，并获得数据采集结果包括M
Figure 721283DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N
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(M
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(N
Figure 537426DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)-N)个测量值。③ Repeat ① to ②, cyclically control the on and off of the conversion switch to complete the M on the horizontal bottom plate.
Figure 199035DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N data collection processes, and obtain data collection results including M
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N
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(M
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(N
Figure 537426DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)-N) measurements.

④重复①至③，获得垂直方向的数据采集结果包括M

Figure 863365DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N
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(M
Figure 835312DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
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N)-N)个测量值。④ Repeat ① to ③ to obtain the vertical data collection results including M
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N
Figure 760914DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(M
Figure 835312DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 287153DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)-N) measurements.

（5）将采集的土壤墒情数据、天气信息数据、电极测量数据、以及视频信息依次通过中心控制模块、数据传输模块发送至可视化显示平台；(5) The collected soil moisture data, weather information data, electrode measurement data, and video information are sent to the visualization display platform through the central control module and the data transmission module in sequence;

（6）可视化显示平台对底板水平方向与垂直方向获得的2M

Figure 620045DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N
Figure 840942DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(M
Figure 663404DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N
Figure 399279DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N)-N)个电极测量结果进行数据处理，利用图像重建方法获得监测区域水平方向与垂直方向的成像结果，再利用轮廓提取法进行修正，实现地下块茎作物生长形状、大小的监测。同时，将采集的土壤墒情数据、天气信息数据、以及摄像头采集的视频图像显示并保存。(6) Visual display of the 2M gain of the platform in the horizontal and vertical directions of the base plate
Figure 620045DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N
Figure 840942DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(M
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(N
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The measurement results of N)-N) electrodes are processed, and the imaging results of the horizontal and vertical directions of the monitoring area are obtained by image reconstruction method, and then the contour extraction method is used for correction to realize the monitoring of the growth shape and size of underground tuber crops. At the same time, the collected soil moisture data, weather information data, and video images collected by the camera are displayed and saved.

本发明优点为：The advantages of the present invention are:

1.本发明不需破坏植物生长的土壤环境，实现了地下作物块茎生长状况可视化原位监测。1. The present invention does not need to destroy the soil environment for plant growth, and realizes the visual in-situ monitoring of the growth status of underground crop tubers.

2.本发明包括地上监测与地下监测两个部分。在地下监测部分安装电极与摄像头复合式的可视化测量装置，从水平方向与垂直方向两个维度上对电极进行数据采集，并通过图像重建与轮廓提取法，实现地下块茎作物生长形状、大小的监测。通过摄像头采集地下作物生长视频数据，填补地下作物颜色、根系、土壤颗粒数据，从而有效提高地下作物生长监测的可视化程度。此外，在地下监测部分还安装有土壤墒情传感器模块，通过土壤墒情传感器模块采集影响地下作物生长的土壤环境信息。在地上监测部分，安装天气信息采集传感器模块，能够采集与地下块茎作物生长密切相关的天气环境信息，从而实现作物地下与地上全方面的数据采集，进一步提高了监测过程数据采集的全面性，也为研究环境调控植物生长提供了新的方法。2. The present invention includes two parts: above-ground monitoring and underground monitoring. A composite visualization measuring device of electrodes and cameras is installed in the underground monitoring part, and data is collected from the electrodes in two dimensions, namely, the horizontal and vertical directions. The shape and size of underground tuber crops are monitored through image reconstruction and contour extraction. The video data of underground crop growth is collected through the camera to fill in the data of underground crop color, root system, and soil particles, thereby effectively improving the visualization of underground crop growth monitoring. In addition, a soil moisture sensor module is also installed in the underground monitoring part, and soil environment information that affects the growth of underground crops is collected through the soil moisture sensor module. In the above-ground monitoring part, a weather information collection sensor module is installed, which can collect weather environment information closely related to the growth of underground tuber crops, thereby realizing all-round data collection of crops underground and above ground, further improving the comprehensiveness of data collection in the monitoring process, and also providing a new method for studying environmental regulation of plant growth.

3.采用生物能电源供电模块向中心控制模块供电，从而实现了绿色节能环保。3. The bioenergy power supply module is used to supply power to the central control module, thus achieving green energy saving and environmental protection.

4.所采用的装置结构简单，可便携式操作，投入成本较低，对地下作物测量的深度范围可根据生长状态进行调节。4. The device used has a simple structure, can be operated in a portable manner, has a low investment cost, and the depth range for measuring underground crops can be adjusted according to the growth status.

综上所述，本发明解决了现有地下块茎作物生长监测原位检测困难、数据时效低、以及可视化程度弱的问题。In summary, the present invention solves the problems of difficult in-situ detection, low data timeliness, and weak visualization in existing underground tuber crop growth monitoring.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1为本发明结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

图2为本发明底板与底板卡座示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a base plate and a base plate holder of the present invention;

图3为开关逻辑选通示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of switch logic gating;

图4为本发明各模块信息传输示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of information transmission of each module of the present invention.

图中，1.土壤墒情传感器模块，2.天气信息采集传感器模块，3.阵列信息及视频获取模块，301.底板卡座，3011.插棒，3012.刻度棒，302.底板，3021.摄像头，3022.电极，4.数据采集模块,5.开关逻辑选通模块，6.激励信号产生模块，7.中心控制模块，8.电源供电模块，9.数据传输模块，10.可视化显示平台。In the figure, 1. soil moisture sensor module, 2. weather information collection sensor module, 3. array information and video acquisition module, 301. base plate holder, 3011. plug rod, 3012. scale rod, 302. base plate, 3021. camera, 3022. electrode, 4. data acquisition module, 5. switch logic selection module, 6. excitation signal generation module, 7. central control module, 8. power supply module, 9. data transmission module, 10. visualization display platform.

具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION

为了能更清楚地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明具体实施方式进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

如图1-4所示，本发明公开了一种地下块茎作物生长监测装置，包括土壤墒情传感器模块1、天气信息采集传感器模块2、阵列信息及视频获取模块3、激励信号产生模块6、开关逻辑选通模块5、数据采集模块4、中心控制模块7、数据传输模块9、电源供电模块8、以及可视化显示平台10，所述土壤墒情传感器模块1的信号输出端与所述数据采集模块4的信号输入端连接，所述天气信息采集传感器模块2的信号输出端与所述中心控制模块7的信号输入端连接，阵列信息及视频获取模块3包括底板302、底板卡座301，所述底板302上安装有电极3022与摄像头3021，所述底板302固定在底板卡座301上，所述底板卡座301上设有头部尖锐的插棒3011，所述底板卡座301上固定有刻度棒3012，所述刻度棒3012上标有刻度，所述摄像头3021的信号输出端与中心控制模块7的信号输入端相连；所述电极3022既是激励电极又是测量电极，所述电极3022由耐腐蚀、耐磨损、具有强导电性的复合金属材料制成，所述电极3022以N×N（N为正整数）的阵列排列方式嵌入在底板302上，电极3022表面与底板302表面齐平，摄像头3021嵌入在底板302阵列电极3022中心位置，摄像头3021与底板301表面间用耐腐蚀、耐磨损、绝缘透明复合材料隔离，所述电极3022在开关逻辑选通模块5输出信号控制下选通连接激励信号产生模块6的信号输出端或与数据采集模块4的信号输入端，所述开关逻辑选通模块5包括M×(N×N)个两路转换开关，每个两路转换开关均由中心控制模块控制，且均与中心控制模块7连接，中心控制模块7通过M

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(N
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N)个两路转换开关其中一路对激励信号产生模块6进行通断控制，激励信号产生模块6与M
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(N
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N)个两路转换开关其中一路连接，中心控制模块7通过M
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(N
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N)个两路转换开关另外一路对数据采集模块4进行通断控制，数据采集模块4与M
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(N
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N)个两路转换开关另外一路连接,所述激励信号产生模块6的信号输入端与中心控制模块7的输出端连接，所述激励信号产生模块6包括D/A转换器、电流电压转换器、以及多级信号放大器，激励信号产生模块6的输入信号与D/A转换器的信号输入端连接，D/A转换器的信号输出端与电流电压转换器的输入端连接，电流电压转换器的输出端与多级信号放大器的信号输入端连接，多级信号放大器的信号输出端在开关逻辑选通模块5的输出信号控制下与电极3022连接，所述数据采集模块4包括有多级信号放大器、A/D转换器，多级信号放大器的信号输出端与A/D转换器的信号输入端连接，A/D转换器的信号输出端与中心控制模块7的输入端双向连接，所述数据传输模块9的信号输入端与中心控制模块7的信号传输端连接，所述数据传输模块9的信号输出端与可视化显示平台10的信号输入端无线连接，所述中心控制模块7的电源输入端与电源供电模块8的电源输出端连接；As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the present invention discloses an underground tuber crop growth monitoring device, comprising a soil moisture sensor module 1, a weather information acquisition sensor module 2, an array information and video acquisition module 3, an excitation signal generating module 6, a switch logic selection module 5, a data acquisition module 4, a central control module 7, a data transmission module 9, a power supply module 8, and a visual display platform 10. The signal output end of the soil moisture sensor module 1 is connected to the signal input end of the data acquisition module 4, the signal output end of the weather information acquisition sensor module 2 is connected to the signal input end of the central control module 7, the array information and video acquisition module 3 comprises a bottom plate 302 and a bottom plate holder 301, the bottom plate 302 is provided with an electrode 3022 and a camera 3021, the bottom plate 302 is fixed on the bottom plate holder 301, the bottom plate holder 301 is provided with a plug 3011 with a sharp head, the bottom plate holder 301 is fixed with a scale bar 3012, and the scale bar 3012 is marked with scale, the signal output end of the camera 3021 is connected to the signal input end of the central control module 7; the electrode 3022 is both an excitation electrode and a measuring electrode, and the electrode 3022 is made of a composite metal material that is corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and highly conductive. The electrode 3022 is embedded in the bottom plate 302 in an array arrangement of N×N (N is a positive integer), and the surface of the electrode 3022 is flush with the surface of the bottom plate 302. The camera 3021 is embedded in the center of the array electrode 3022 of the bottom plate 302, and the camera 3021 and the surface of the bottom plate 301 are isolated by a corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, insulating and transparent composite material. The electrode 3022 is selected to connect the signal output end of the excitation signal generating module 6 or the signal input end of the data acquisition module 4 under the control of the output signal of the switch logic selection module 5. The switch logic selection module 5 includes M×(N×N) two-way conversion switches, each of which is controlled by the central control module and is connected to the central control module 7. The central control module 7 is connected to the central control module 7 through M
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(N
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N) two-way conversion switches, one of which controls the on-off of the excitation signal generating module 6. The excitation signal generating module 6 is connected to M
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(N
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N) two-way conversion switches, one of which is connected, and the central control module 7 is connected through M
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(N
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N) two-way conversion switch, the other one of which controls the on-off of the data acquisition module 4.
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(N
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N) two-way conversion switches are connected to another way, the signal input end of the excitation signal generating module 6 is connected to the output end of the central control module 7, the excitation signal generating module 6 includes a D/A converter, a current-voltage converter, and a multi-stage signal amplifier, the input signal of the excitation signal generating module 6 is connected to the signal input end of the D/A converter, the signal output end of the D/A converter is connected to the input end of the current-voltage converter, the output end of the current-voltage converter is connected to the signal input end of the multi-stage signal amplifier, and the signal output end of the multi-stage signal amplifier is connected to the electrode 3022 under the control of the output signal of the switch logic gating module 5, the data acquisition module 4 includes a multi-stage signal amplifier and an A/D converter, the signal output end of the multi-stage signal amplifier is connected to the signal input end of the A/D converter, the signal output end of the A/D converter is bidirectionally connected to the input end of the central control module 7, the signal input end of the data transmission module 9 is connected to the signal transmission end of the central control module 7, the signal output end of the data transmission module 9 is wirelessly connected to the signal input end of the visualization display platform 10, and the power input end of the central control module 7 is connected to the power output end of the power supply module 8;

优选的，所述有土壤墒情传感器模块1设有土壤温湿度传感器、土壤PH传感器、土壤电导率传感器、土壤养分传感器；Preferably, the soil moisture sensor module 1 is provided with a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil pH sensor, a soil conductivity sensor, and a soil nutrient sensor;

优选的，所述天气信息采集传感器模块2安装有空气温湿度传感器、二氧化碳传感器、光照传感器；Preferably, the weather information collection sensor module 2 is equipped with an air temperature and humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, and a light sensor;

优选的，所述底板302有两个，底板302由耐腐蚀、耐磨损绝缘复合材料制成，底板卡座301由耐腐蚀、耐磨损的复合金属材料制成；Preferably, there are two bottom plates 302, the bottom plates 302 are made of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant insulating composite materials, and the bottom plate holder 301 is made of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant composite metal materials;

优选的，所述摄像头3021为集成化小型摄像头；Preferably, the camera 3021 is an integrated small camera;

优选的，所述可视化显示平台10为计算机；Preferably, the visual display platform 10 is a computer;

优选的，所述中心控制模块7采用ARM控制芯片或DSP芯片；Preferably, the central control module 7 adopts an ARM control chip or a DSP chip;

优选的，所述数据传输模块9包括网络化服务器与无线传输模块；Preferably, the data transmission module 9 includes a networked server and a wireless transmission module;

优选的，所述电源供电模块8为生物能电源模块；Preferably, the power supply module 8 is a bioenergy power supply module;

一种地下块茎作物生长监测方法，A method for monitoring the growth of underground tuber crops,

（1）将带有底板302的底板卡座301同深度垂直插入被测植物地下块茎生长区域的两端，可根据底板卡座301上固定的刻度棒3012上的刻度来判断底板302插入的深度；(1) Insert the base plate holder 301 with the base plate 302 vertically into the two ends of the underground tuber growth area of the plant to be tested at the same depth, and the insertion depth of the base plate 302 can be determined according to the scale on the scale rod 3012 fixed on the base plate holder 301;

（2）启动电源供电模块8，电源供电开始向中心控制模块7供电；(2) The power supply module 8 is started, and the power supply starts to supply power to the central control module 7;

（3）中心控制模块7输出控制信号，数据采集模块4开始采集土壤墒情数据与天气信息数据，激励信号产生模块6将产生激励电信号；(3) The central control module 7 outputs a control signal, the data acquisition module 4 starts to collect soil moisture data and weather information data, and the excitation signal generation module 6 generates an excitation electrical signal;

（4）同时，中心控制模块7产生对底板302上M×(N×N)个电极连接的开关逻辑选通模块5中转换开关的通断控制信号（M为底板数量，N为单排电极数量），并按照电极3022排列依次完成水平方向与垂直方向的数据采集，其过程如下：(4) At the same time, the central control module 7 generates an on-off control signal for the switch in the switch logic selection module 5 connected to the M×(N×N) electrodes on the bottom plate 302 (M is the number of bottom plates, and N is the number of electrodes in a single row), and completes the data collection in the horizontal and vertical directions in sequence according to the arrangement of the electrodes 3022. The process is as follows:

①通过中心控制模块7对底板302上水平方向M

Figure 706895DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N×N)个电极3022连接的转换开关进行通断控制，使其中一个底板302上的N路转换开关处于接通激励信号产生模块6状态，其余M
Figure 553628DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N×N)-N路转换开关均处于接通数据采集模块4状态，处于接通激励信号产生模块6的电极3022为当前激励电极，处于接通数据采集模块4状态的电极3022为当前测量电极；① The central control module 7 controls the horizontal direction M of the bottom plate 302
Figure 706895DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The switching switches connected to the (N×N) electrodes 3022 are controlled to be on and off, so that the N-way switching switches on one of the bottom plates 302 are in the state of connecting to the excitation signal generating module 6, and the remaining M
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The (N×N)-N-way conversion switches are all in the state of connecting to the data acquisition module 4, the electrode 3022 in the state of connecting to the excitation signal generating module 6 is the current excitation electrode, and the electrode 3022 in the state of connecting to the data acquisition module 4 is the current measurement electrode;

②通过数据采集模块4可以采集M

Figure 419953DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N×N)-N个测量结果；② Through the data acquisition module 4, M
Figure 419953DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N×N)-N measurement results;

③重复①至②，循环控制转换开关的通断，完成水平方向两个底板302上的M

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N次数据采集过程，并获得数据采集结果包括M
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N×(M
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(N
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N)-N)个测量值。③ Repeat ① to ②, cyclically control the on and off of the conversion switch, and complete the M on the two bottom plates 302 in the horizontal direction.
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N data collection processes, and obtain data collection results including M
Figure 165372DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
N×(M
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(N
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N)-N) measurements.

④重复①至③，获得垂直方向的数据采集结果包括M×N

Figure 526580DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(M
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(N×N)-N)个测量值。④ Repeat ① to ③ to obtain vertical data collection results including M×N
Figure 526580DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(M
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(N×N)-N) measurements.

（5）将采集的土壤墒情数据、天气信息数据、电极测量数据、以及视频信息依次通过中心控制模块7、数据传输模块9发送至可视化显示平台10；(5) The collected soil moisture data, weather information data, electrode measurement data, and video information are sent to the visualization display platform 10 through the central control module 7 and the data transmission module 9 in sequence;

（6）可视化显示平台10对底板302水平方向与垂直方向获得的2M×N

Figure 582142DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(M
Figure 196794DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(N×N)-N)个电极测量结果进行数据处理，利用图像重建方法获得监测区域水平方向与垂直方向的成像结果，再利用轮廓提取法进行修正，实现地下块茎作物生长形状、大小的监测。同时，将采集的土壤墒情数据、天气信息数据、以及摄像头采集的视频图像显示并保存(6) Visual display platform 10 obtains 2M×N in the horizontal and vertical directions of the bottom plate 302
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(M
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The measurement results of (N×N)-N) electrodes are processed, and the imaging results of the horizontal and vertical directions of the monitoring area are obtained by image reconstruction method, and then the contour extraction method is used for correction to realize the monitoring of the growth shape and size of underground tuber crops. At the same time, the collected soil moisture data, weather information data, and video images collected by the camera are displayed and saved

本发明实现了一种地下块茎植物生长原位监测。The invention realizes in-situ monitoring of underground tuber plant growth.

以上所述为本发明的较佳实施方式，故凡依本发明专利申请范围所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰，均包括于本发明专利申请范围内。The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, so all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The underground tuber crop growth monitoring device is characterized by comprising a soil moisture content sensor module, a weather information acquisition sensor module, an array information and video acquisition module, an excitation signal generation module, a switch logic gating module, a data acquisition module, a central control module, a data transmission module, a power supply module and a visual display platform, wherein the signal output end of the soil moisture content sensor module is connected with the signal input end of the data acquisition module, the signal output end of the weather information acquisition sensor module is connected with the signal input end of the central control module, the array information and video acquisition module comprises a bottom plate and a bottom plate clamping seat, an electrode and a camera are arranged on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixed on the bottom plate clamping seat, the device comprises a base plate clamping seat, a base plate, a camera, a central control module, a signal output end of the camera is connected with the signal input end of the central control module, an electrode is an excitation electrode and a measurement electrode, the electrode is made of a composite metal material with corrosion resistance, wear resistance and strong conductivity, the electrode is embedded on the base plate in an array arrangement mode with N multiplied by N and N as positive integers, the surface of the electrode is flush with the surface of the base plate, the camera is embedded in the central position of the electrode of the base plate array, the camera is isolated from the surface of the base plate by a corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant and insulating transparent composite material, and the electrode is gated and connected with the signal output end of the excitation signal generation module or the signal acquisition module under the control of an output signal of the switch logic gating moduleA signal input terminal, the switch logic gating module comprises M
Figure QLYQS_2
(N multiplied by N) two-way transfer switches, M is the number of the bottom plates, each two-way transfer switch is controlled by a central control module and is connected with the central control module, and the central control module is in communication with the central control module through M +.>
Figure QLYQS_5
(N
Figure QLYQS_7
N) one of the two transfer switches is used for controlling the on-off of the excitation signal generating module, and the excitation signal generating module and M +.>
Figure QLYQS_3
(N
Figure QLYQS_4
N) one of the two transfer switches is connected, and the central control module is connected with one of the two transfer switches through M +.>
Figure QLYQS_8
(N
Figure QLYQS_9
N) the other one of the two transfer switches is used for controlling the on-off of the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module and M +.>
Figure QLYQS_1
(N
Figure QLYQS_6
N) two-way change-over switches are connected in the other way, the excitation signal generation module comprises a D/A converter, a current-voltage converter and a multi-stage signal amplifier, the input signal of the excitation signal generation module is connected with the signal input end of the D/A converter, the signal output end of the D/A converter is connected with the input end of the current-voltage converter, and the output end of the current-voltage converterThe data acquisition module comprises a multi-stage signal amplifier and an A/D converter, wherein the signal output end of the multi-stage signal amplifier is connected with the signal input end of the A/D converter, the signal output end of the A/D converter is connected with the signal input end of the central control module in a bidirectional manner, the signal input end of the data transmission module is connected with the signal transmission end of the central control module, the data output end of the data transmission module is in wireless connection with the signal input end of the visual display platform, and the power input end of the central control module is connected with the power output end of the power supply module.
2. The underground tuber crop growth monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the soil moisture content sensor module is provided with a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil PH sensor, a soil conductivity sensor, and a soil nutrient sensor.
3. The underground tuber crop growth monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the weather information collection sensor module is provided with an air temperature and humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor and an illumination sensor.
4. An underground tuber crop growth monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base plate is made of a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant insulating composite material and the base plate holder is made of a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant composite metal material.
5. The underground tuber crop growth monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the camera is an integrated miniature camera.
6. An underground tuber crop growth monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the visual display platform is a computer.
7. An underground tuber crop growth monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the central control module adopts an ARM control chip or a DSP chip.
8. An underground tuber crop growth monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data transmission module comprises a networked server and a wireless transmission module.
9. An underground tuber crop growth monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power supply module is a bioenergy power supply module.
10. A method for monitoring the growth of an underground tuber crop using the underground tuber crop growth monitoring device of claim 1, characterized in that,
(1) Vertically inserting a bottom plate clamping seat with a bottom plate into the underground tuber growing area of the measured plant at the same depth;
(2) Starting a power supply module, wherein power supply starts to supply power to the central control module;
(3) The central control module outputs a control signal, the data acquisition module starts to acquire soil moisture content data and weather information data, and the excitation signal generation module generates an excitation electric signal;
(4) At the same time, the central control module generates M on the bottom plate
Figure QLYQS_10
(N
Figure QLYQS_11
N) on-off control signals of a change-over switch in a switch logic gating module connected with the electrodes, and sequentially completing data acquisition in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction according to electrode arrangement, wherein the process is as follows:
(1) the central control module is used for controlling the horizontal direction M on the bottom plate
Figure QLYQS_12
(N
Figure QLYQS_13
N) transfer switches connected with the electrodes are controlled to be on-off, so that N transfer switches on one bottom plate are in a state of being connected with an excitation signal generation module, and the rest M is +.>
Figure QLYQS_14
(N
Figure QLYQS_15
The N-N transfer switches are in a state of being connected with the data acquisition module, electrodes in the state of being connected with the excitation signal generation module are current excitation electrodes, and electrodes in the state of being connected with the data acquisition module are current measurement electrodes;
(2) acquisition of M by a data acquisition module
Figure QLYQS_16
(N
Figure QLYQS_17
N) -N measurements;
(3) repeating the steps (1) to (2), circularly controlling the on-off of the change-over switch, and finishing M on the bottom plate in the horizontal direction
Figure QLYQS_18
N times of data acquisition process, and obtaining data acquisition result including M->
Figure QLYQS_19
N
Figure QLYQS_20
(M
Figure QLYQS_21
(N
Figure QLYQS_22
N) -N) measurements;
(4) repeating (1) to (3) to obtain data acquisition results in the vertical direction, wherein the data acquisition results comprise M
Figure QLYQS_23
N
Figure QLYQS_24
(M
Figure QLYQS_25
(N
Figure QLYQS_26
N) -N) measurements;
(5) The collected soil moisture content data, weather information data, electrode measurement data and video information are sequentially transmitted to a visual display platform through a central control module and a data transmission module;
(6) 2M obtained by visual display platform to horizontal direction and vertical direction of bottom plate
Figure QLYQS_27
N
Figure QLYQS_28
(M
Figure QLYQS_29
(N
Figure QLYQS_30
N) -N) electrode measurement results are subjected to data processing, imaging results of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the monitoring area are obtained by using an image reconstruction method, then the monitoring of the growth shape and the size of the underground tuber crops is realized by correcting by using a contour extraction method, and meanwhile, collected soil moisture content data, weather information data and video images collected by a camera are displayed and stored. />
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