CN113491191B - Self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine - Google Patents

Self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113491191B
CN113491191B CN202110964130.7A CN202110964130A CN113491191B CN 113491191 B CN113491191 B CN 113491191B CN 202110964130 A CN202110964130 A CN 202110964130A CN 113491191 B CN113491191 B CN 113491191B
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driving
module
seed
revolution
fertilizer
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CN202110964130.7A
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CN113491191A (en
Inventor
杨宪杰
范文超
高丙建
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Shandong Lutian Automation Equipment Co ltd
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Chixiang Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00Fertiliser distributors
    • A01C15/18Fertiliser distributors with endless chains, i.e. side transporting elements, e.g. auger or screw conveyors, swash plates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C19/00Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/04Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/002Dibble seeders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/06Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/18Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine, which is characterized in that a revolution driving module and a rotation driving module are arranged on a frame body in a non-concentric manner; a seed fertilizer module is arranged between the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module, the seed fertilizer module is connected with a seed fertilizer bin on the revolution driving module through a transverse conveying auger, and the quantitative release of the seed fertilizer is realized at a fixed position; the revolution driving module is used for realizing revolution of the seed fertilizer modules around the driving toothed belt so as to realize cyclic fertilization of the plurality of seed fertilizer modules; the rotation driving module is used for driving a vertical auger in the seed manure module and drilling into the soil. The device enables a plurality of drill pipes to alternately rotate to enter soil and keep vertical to the ground, so that the rotary extrusion of the drill pipes to the ground is realized; when at least two seed manure modules are alternately and repeatedly spun, the horizontal resistance of the soil is converted into the forward power of the equipment, self-walking is realized, and the physical strength of operators is saved.

Description

Self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precision fertilizing machinery, in particular to a self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine.
Background
At the present stage, manual fertilization or backpack small-sized equipment is mostly adopted for farmland greenhouses and deep-groove ridge crops with narrow space, so that the manpower resource is wasted, the fertilization effect is not good, the seed manure cannot be fully and uniformly spread, and the seed manure cannot be guaranteed to go deep into the bottom of a soil layer, so that the seed manure effect is influenced; the small mechanical fertilization is mostly sowed in a ditch, needs larger traction power and cannot be used under the condition of limited space.
On the basis of using less traction power, how to improve through adopting the technique, can realize the biggest application of its drive power, realize that fertilizer injection unit's self-walking combines together with the fertilization state under limited traction power to this realizes self-propelled smart volume fertilization is the technical problem that this trade technical staff awaits a urgent need to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine, which has an elaborate structural design, can realize hole opening, fertilizing and seeding under the traction of a small engine, and can realize a stepping self-walking action.
The self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine comprises a frame body, wherein moving wheels are arranged at the front and the rear of the frame body, and an operating handle is arranged at the upper part of the frame body;
the rack body is provided with a driving device for driving the fluted disc modules, the rack body is provided with at least two fluted disc modules, and the plurality of fluted disc modules are arranged non-concentrically; the fluted disc module comprises a revolution driving module and a rotation driving module; a seed fertilizer module is arranged between the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module, and the seed fertilizer module is connected with a seed fertilizer bin on the revolution driving module through a transverse conveying auger to realize quantitative release of the seed fertilizer at a fixed position; the revolution driving module is used for realizing revolution of the seed fertilizer modules around the driving toothed belt so as to realize circular discharging of the plurality of seed fertilizer modules; the rotation driving module is used for driving a vertical auger in the seed and fertilizer module and drilling into the soil.
The revolution driving module comprises a revolution fixed shaft, a driving ring is arranged on the revolution fixed shaft through a bearing support frame, a driving toothed belt is arranged on the periphery of the driving ring, the driving toothed belt is connected with the revolution driving wheel to realize driving, and the driving toothed belt is connected with an external driving source to realize driving; the driving ring is provided with at least two seed fertilizer modules through a bearing combination.
Revolution drive module on be provided with fixed feed bin, the fertile module of kind on all be provided with the horizontal transport auger that runs through fixed feed bin inside, horizontal transport auger and the vertical auger on the fertile module of kind be connected and realize the chemical fertilizer by horizontal to vertical transport.
The rotation driving module comprises a rotation fixing shaft, a rotation frame is arranged on the rotation fixing shaft through a bearing seat frame, a supporting shaft seat is arranged on the rotation frame corresponding to each seed and fertilizer module respectively, the seed and fertilizer modules are arranged through the supporting shaft seat frame, a rotation driving gear for realizing rotation driving of the seed and fertilizer modules is arranged in the supporting shaft seat area, and the rotation driving gear is in meshing driving with a rotation driving gear ring in the rotation frame.
The autorotation driving module is internally provided with a synchronous gear ring and an autorotation driving gear ring which synchronously run, and the synchronous gear ring is meshed with an external driving source to realize external driving.
The driving device is a motor, the motor is connected with the speed change module, and the speed change module is provided with a driving wheel for providing power support for the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module.
The periphery of a transverse conveying auger in the seed and fertilizer module is a transverse sleeve, and an auger driving wheel is arranged on the transverse sleeve and is linked with the transverse conveying auger; the lower part of the transverse conveying auger is provided with a driving bin, a planetary gear set and a vertical auger are arranged in the driving bin, and the planetary gear set is connected with a self-rotation driving gear through a self-rotation driving shaft to realize driving; the vertical auger is hollow inside, and realizes the release of seed manure to the ground below after spinning and burying.
Support body bottom be provided with an arcuation baffle, after the auger drive wheel rotated to the arcuation baffle, it realized through the extrusion with the contact of arcuation baffle, the auger drive wheel drives the horizontal transport auger and rotates in fixed feed bin inside under the extrusion to this realizes fertilizing in carrying to vertical auger with kind fertilizer.
When the seed manure module is fixed between revolution drive module and rotation drive module, its equipartition sets up on revolution drive module.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the structure, the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module are arranged on the frame body in a non-concentric manner; more than two seed fertilizer modules are arranged between the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module, the seed fertilizer modules are connected with a seed fertilizer bin on the revolution driving module through a transverse conveying auger, and the quantitative release of the seed fertilizer is realized at a fixed position; the revolution driving module is used for realizing the revolution of the seed manure modules around the driving toothed belt so as to realize the cyclic fertilization of the plurality of seed manure modules; the rotation driving module is used for driving a vertical auger in the seed manure module and drilling into the soil. Through the structural arrangement, the device is arranged in a non-concentric way through the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module, so that a plurality of drill pipes can alternately rotate to enter soil and keep vertical to the ground, and the spinning of the drill pipes to the ground is realized; when at least two seed fertilizer modules alternately and repeatedly spin, the horizontal resistance of the soil is converted into the forward power of the equipment, so that self-walking is realized, and the physical strength of operators is saved; this device realizes quantitative drive, and is more accurate on the laborsaving basis of fertilization. The self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine is simple in structural design and convenient to operate, and is an ideal self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view II of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the driving principle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the driving principle of the present invention II;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the driving principle III of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a fixed bunker I according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the seed manure module according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure taken along the line A in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view II of a connection structure of a fixed bunker according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional view taken along the line B in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a seed manure module;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the walking state of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a frame body, 11, a front wheel, 12, a rear wheel, 13, a control handrail, 14, a bottom extension frame, 15, an arc-shaped baffle, 2, a gasoline internal combustion engine, 21, a gearbox, 22, a rotation driving wheel, 23, a revolution driving wheel, 3, a fixed bin, 31, a bin opening, 4, a revolution driving module, 40, a revolution fixed shaft, 41, a driving toothed belt, 42, a driving ring, 43, a first bearing combination, 5, a seed manure module, 50, a driving bin, 51, a transverse conveying auger, 52, an auger driving wheel, 53, a vertical auger, 54, a second bearing combination, 55, a rotation driving gear, 56, a rotation driving shaft, 57, a planetary gear set, 58, a transverse sleeve, 6, a rotation driving module, 60, a rotation fixed shaft, 61, a rotating frame, 62, a third bearing combination, 63, a rotation driving gear ring, 64 and a synchronous gear ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification.
As shown in the attached drawings, the self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine comprises a frame body 1, wherein two front wheels 11 and two rear wheels 12 are respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the frame body, an operation handrail 13 is arranged at the upper part of the frame body 1, and the movement operation of the device is realized by controlling the operation handrail 13 through personnel;
the top of the rear side of the frame body 1 is provided with a gasoline internal combustion engine 2, the gasoline internal combustion engine 2 is directly connected with a gearbox 21, and the gearbox 21 is connected with a self-rotation driving wheel 22 and a revolution driving wheel 23; the frame body 1 is provided with two fluted disc modules which are a revolution driving module 4 and a rotation driving module 6 respectively, and the revolution driving module 4 and the rotation driving module 6 are arranged non-concentrically; the device is provided with a seed manure module 5 between a revolution driving module 4 and a rotation driving module 6, wherein the revolution driving module 4 is used for realizing the revolution of the seed manure module 5 around a driving toothed belt 41 so as to realize the cyclic fertilization of a plurality of seed manure modules 5;
the revolution driving module 4 has the following structure: the device comprises a revolution fixed shaft 40, wherein a driving ring 42 is arranged on the revolution fixed shaft 40 through a bearing support frame, and the driving ring 42 can rotate around the revolution fixed shaft 40 freely under the driving of external force; the periphery of the driving ring 42 is provided with a driving toothed belt 41, the driving toothed belt 41 is connected with the revolution driving wheel 23 to realize driving, the driving toothed belt 41 is meshed with the revolution driving wheel 23 to realize driving, two groups of first bearing combinations 43 are embedded on the driving ring 42, and the two groups of first bearing combinations 43 are uniformly distributed on the driving ring 42; a seed manure module 5 is fixed on each first bearing combination 43;
the revolution driving module 4 is provided with a fixed bin 3, and the fixed bin 3 is provided with an openable bin opening 31 for putting in seed manure; the seed manure module 5 on be provided with the horizontal transport auger 51 that runs through fixed feed bin 3 inside, horizontal transport auger 51 with seed manure module 5 on vertical auger 53 be connected and realize the chemical fertilizer by horizontal to vertical transport.
As shown in the attached drawings, when the seed manure module 5 is fixed, the seed manure module is erected together through a revolution driving module 4 and a rotation driving module 6, and the rotation driving module 6 is used for driving a vertical auger 53 in the seed manure module 5; the rotation driving module 6 comprises a rotation fixing shaft 60, a rotation frame 61 is arranged on the rotation fixing shaft 60 through a third bearing combination 62, a second bearing combination 54 is respectively arranged on the rotation frame 61 corresponding to each seed and fertilizer module 5, the seed and fertilizer modules 5 are erected through the second bearing combinations 54, a rotation driving gear 55 for realizing the rotation driving of the seed and fertilizer modules is arranged in the area of the second bearing combinations 54, and the rotation driving gear 55 is meshed with a rotation driving gear ring 63 in the rotation frame for driving. Furthermore, a synchronous gear ring 64 and a rotation driving gear ring 63 are arranged in the rotation driving module 6 to synchronously run, and the synchronous gear ring 64 is meshed with the rotation driving wheel 22 to realize external driving.
Through the structure setting, the rotation driving module 6 is used for driving the vertical auger 53 in the seed and fertilizer module 5 and drilling into the soil.
The structure of the seed fertilizer module 5 is shown in fig. 10 and fig. 12, a transverse sleeve 58 is arranged at the periphery of a transverse conveying auger 51 in the seed fertilizer module 5, and an auger driving wheel 52 is arranged on the transverse sleeve 58 and is linked with the transverse conveying auger 51; the lower part of the transverse conveying auger 51 is provided with a driving bin 50, a planetary gear set 57 is arranged in the driving bin 50 and is connected with the vertical auger 53 to realize driving, and the planetary gear set 57 is connected with a self-rotation driving gear 55 through a self-rotation driving shaft 56 to realize driving; the device is also characterized in that the vertical auger 53 is hollow inside, and realizes the release of seed manure to the ground below after the seed manure is spun into the soil. The seed fertilizer module 5 arranged by the structure can realize continuous driving of the vertical auger 53 under the driving of the rotation driving gear 55, but seed fertilizers enter the soil and can be realized only under the synchronous driving of the transverse conveying auger 51 and the vertical auger 53, but the fertilizing action can be realized only in the soil when the vertical auger 53 is spun, so that the seed fertilizers can be conveyed from the fixed bin 3 to the outside only by the rotation of the transverse conveying auger 51 at a fixed point through one driving structure; the device designs the following structure: as shown in fig. 8, a bottom extension frame 14 is arranged at the bottom of a frame body 1, an arc-shaped baffle 15 is arranged on the auger drive wheel 52 through the bottom extension frame 14, after the auger drive wheel 52 rotates to the arc-shaped baffle 15, the auger drive wheel 52 is contacted with the arc-shaped baffle 15 through extrusion, and the auger drive wheel 52 drives a transverse conveying auger 51 to rotate in a fixed bin 3 under the extrusion action, so that chemical fertilizer is released when a seed fertilizer module 5 rotates to the lowest point.
When this device sets up, need pay special attention to, in order to prevent that seed manure module 5 from rotating to the support body bottommost when, its below inserting to the earth's surface smoothly, it must guarantee that seed manure module 5 sets up with revolution drive module 4 and rotation drive module 6 together, and the erection point is decentraction setting.
To summarize: according to the structure, the revolution driving module 4 and the rotation driving module 6 are arranged on the frame body 1 in a non-concentric manner; two seed fertilizer modules 5 are annularly and uniformly distributed between the revolution driving module 4 and the rotation driving module 6, the seed fertilizer modules 5 are connected with a seed fertilizer bin 3 on the revolution driving module 4 through a transverse conveying auger 51, and the quantitative release of the seed fertilizer is realized at the lowest point of the frame body; the revolution driving module 4 is used for realizing the revolution of the seed manure modules 5 around the driving toothed belt 41 so as to realize the cyclic fertilization of the two seed manure modules 5; and the autorotation driving module 6 is used for driving the vertical packing auger 53 in the seed manure module 5 and realizing drilling into the soil.
Through the structural arrangement, as shown in fig. 14, the device enables a plurality of drill pipes to alternately rotate to enter soil and keep vertical to the ground through the non-concentric arrangement of the revolution driving module 4 and the rotation driving module 6, so that the rotary extrusion of the drill pipes to the ground is realized; when two at least kind fertile modules reciprocate the spinning in turn, turn into the power that equipment gos forward with the horizontal resistance of soil, realize as shown in fig. 14 from the walking state, this kind of from the walking state be the marching type walking, can effectually save operating personnel physical power to realize quantitative drive, make fertilization more accurate on laborsaving basis.
The self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine is simple in structural design and convenient to operate, and is an ideal self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine.

Claims (9)

1. A self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine comprises a frame body, wherein moving wheels are arranged at the front and the rear of the frame body, and an operating handle is arranged at the upper part of the frame body;
the method is characterized in that: the rack body is provided with a driving device for driving the fluted disc modules, the rack body is provided with at least two fluted disc modules, and the plurality of fluted disc modules are arranged non-concentrically; the fluted disc module comprises a revolution driving module and a rotation driving module; a seed fertilizer module is arranged between the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module, and the seed fertilizer module is connected with a seed fertilizer bin on the revolution driving module through a transverse conveying auger to realize quantitative release of the seed fertilizer at a fixed position; the revolution driving module is used for realizing revolution of the seed fertilizer modules around the driving toothed belt so as to realize cyclic fertilization of the plurality of seed fertilizer modules; the rotation driving module is used for driving a vertical auger in the seed and fertilizer module and drilling into the soil.
2. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the revolution driving module comprises a revolution fixed shaft, a driving ring is arranged on the revolution fixed shaft through a bearing support frame, a driving toothed belt is arranged on the periphery of the driving ring, the driving toothed belt is connected with the revolution driving wheel to realize driving, and the driving toothed belt is connected with an external driving source to realize driving; the driving ring is provided with at least two seed fertilizer modules through a bearing combination.
3. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: revolution drive module on be provided with fixed feed bin, the fertile module of kind on all be provided with the horizontal transport auger that runs through fixed feed bin inside, horizontal transport auger and the vertical auger on the fertile module of kind be connected and realize the chemical fertilizer by horizontal to vertical transport.
4. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rotation driving module comprises a rotation fixing shaft, a rotation frame is arranged on the rotation fixing shaft through a bearing seat frame, a supporting shaft seat is arranged on the rotation frame corresponding to each seed and fertilizer module respectively, the seed and fertilizer modules are arranged through the supporting shaft seat frame, a rotation driving gear for realizing rotation driving of the seed and fertilizer modules is arranged in the supporting shaft seat area, and the rotation driving gear is in meshing driving with a rotation driving gear ring in the rotation frame.
5. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the autorotation driving module is internally provided with a synchronous gear ring and an autorotation driving gear ring which synchronously run, and the synchronous gear ring is meshed with an external driving source to realize external driving.
6. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the driving device is a motor arranged on the frame body, the motor is connected with the speed change module, and the speed change module is provided with a driving wheel for providing power support for the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module.
7. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the periphery of a transverse conveying auger in the seed and fertilizer module is a transverse sleeve, and an auger driving wheel is arranged on the transverse sleeve and is linked with the transverse conveying auger; the lower part of the transverse conveying auger is provided with a driving bin, a planetary gear set and a vertical auger are arranged in the driving bin, and the planetary gear set is connected with a self-rotation driving gear through a self-rotation driving shaft to realize driving; the vertical auger is hollow inside, and realizes the release of seed manure to the ground below after spinning and burying.
8. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: support body bottom be provided with an arcuation baffle, after the auger drive wheel rotated to the arcuation baffle, it realized through the extrusion with the contact of arcuation baffle, the auger drive wheel drives the horizontal transport auger and rotates in fixed feed bin inside under the extrusion to this realizes fertilizing in carrying to vertical auger with kind fertilizer.
9. The self-propelled hole-seeding precision fertilizing and seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the seed manure module is fixed between the revolution driving module and the rotation driving module, the seed manure module is uniformly distributed on the revolution driving module.
CN202110964130.7A 2021-08-21 2021-08-21 Self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine Active CN113491191B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110964130.7A CN113491191B (en) 2021-08-21 2021-08-21 Self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110964130.7A CN113491191B (en) 2021-08-21 2021-08-21 Self-propelled hole-sowing precision fertilizing and seeding machine

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CN113491191B true CN113491191B (en) 2022-08-09

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10304722A (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-17 Kubota Corp Rice transplanter provided with fertilizing device
JP6685768B2 (en) * 2016-02-26 2020-04-22 キヤノン株式会社 Drive transmission
CN109315122B (en) * 2018-11-14 2024-04-05 青岛大学 Water-soluble fertilizer applying device for hedge frame grape
CN110999606B (en) * 2019-10-30 2024-06-28 广西双高农机有限公司 Sugarcane tissue culture seedling transplanting machine
CN110881298B (en) * 2019-12-04 2022-03-11 吉林省农业科学院 Maize device that topdresses
CN111727697A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-10-02 山东驰象机械科技有限公司 Hand hollow drill pipe soil loosening deep hole fertilizer applicator

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Effective date of registration: 20231028

Address after: Area D, Sigma Industrial Park, Lingcheng District, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, 253500

Patentee after: Shandong Lutian Automation Equipment Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 253500 east of Beishou Road, Fufeng street, economic development zone, Lingcheng District, Dezhou City, Shandong Province

Patentee before: ChiXiang Technology Co.,Ltd.