CN113489268B - Method for adjusting installation precision of thrust bearing of taper sleeve type expansion structure of vertical motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an adjusting method for the installation accuracy of a thrust bearing of a taper sleeve type expansion structure of a vertical motor, which mainly comprises the following five steps: the first step is initial assembly; the second step is preliminary expansion; the third step is turning detection; the fourth step is expansion adjustment and monitoring, the fifth step is installation and final detection, and effective adjustment of installation precision between motor rotating parts is finally completed through the mode that the five steps are carried out in sequence or alternately. The method can effectively ensure that the taper sleeve structure has controllability on the influence on the installation precision at the beginning of expansion and in the expansion process, and finally achieves the ultrahigh requirement on the installation precision by adopting the change adjustment of a fastening mode, a fastening sequence and fastening torque on the expansion bolt in different stages and monitoring precision data in real time in the adjustment process.

Description

Method for adjusting installation precision of thrust bearing of taper sleeve type expansion structure of vertical motor

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to a method for adjusting the installation accuracy of a thrust bearing of a taper sleeve type expansion structure of a vertical motor.

The background art comprises the following steps:

in a vertical motor, the installation mode of a thrust bearing rotating part is designed by a taper sleeve expansion structure is common, but the installation mode is generally applied to a bearing structure with the rotating speed not exceeding 1500r/min, and the installation mode is still applied to a high-rotating-speed vertical motor of 4200r/min for the first time, so that the installation precision of the structure position is higher requirement on the rotating speed motor with lower rotating speed. Before this, the application examples of the same type of rotating speed motors at home and abroad can be used for reference, and under the condition that the traditional installation process cannot be met, the requirement that the technology must be updated is required, a more precise process method is groped, and lean refinement is achieved.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention relates to a method for adjusting the installation accuracy of a thrust bearing of a taper sleeve type expansion structure of a vertical motor. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for adjusting the installation accuracy of a thrust bearing of a taper sleeve type expansion structure of a vertical motor comprises the following steps:

a. initial assembly: the method comprises the steps of supporting a rotor (4) at an installation station by using a jack (11), jacking the rotor (4) by 2-3 mm compared with the elevation of a working position, installing bearing non-rotating components comprising a guide shoe (9) and a thrust shoe (8), sequentially installing bearing rotating components, designing installation sizes among the bearing rotating components to be in clearance fit, comprising a thrust head (6), an outer cone sleeve (1), an inner cone sleeve (2), the rotor (4), a split snap ring (5) and a rotor (4) ring groove, completely fastening the split snap ring (5) on the thrust head (6) by using split snap ring fastening bolts (10), primarily fastening expansion bolts (3) to a certain torque value by using a torque wrench, removing the jack (11) by using a protective action of embedding the snap ring into the rotor ring groove, completely seating a shafting on the thrust shoe (8) by using the cone sleeve under the condition of a small amount of expansion, the method can be used for repeatedly measuring the torque value range of the expansion bolt (3) through experiments, the expansion amount of the taper sleeve provided by the expansion bolt can bear the dead weight of the rotor (4), namely when the jack (11) is removed under the torque value, the split type snap ring (5) is not subjected to downward-pressing axial force applied to the split type snap ring by the rotor (4), the axial relative sliding between the rotor (4) and the thrust head (6) can be avoided by the static friction force provided by the expansion amount, the torque value under the condition can meet the condition that the shaft system is transferred to a subsequent barring detection stage, the corresponding torque value is defined as the minimum torque value of the barring, and all bearing rotating parts are disassembled after the torque value is measured, are comprehensively inspected and reassembled;

b. preliminary expansion: the rotating parts are assembled again in a clearance state, the outer taper sleeve (1) and the inner taper sleeve (2) are assembled and then have a large clearance value in the vertical direction, a manual screwing mode is firstly adopted and the bolts are screwed in pairs by matching with a cross method, the aim is to sense the slight change of the torque applied by each bolt by using hand force, the uniform closing of the clearance between the inner taper sleeve and the outer taper sleeve is ensured, all the bolts cannot be screwed continuously by hand after the clearance is closed, at the moment, a torque wrench is used for gradually expanding the bolts by small torque amplification in a cross method for multiple times until the fastening torque value applied by all the bolts reaches the lowest torque value of the barring, namely the first barring detection condition is met;

c. turning detection: under the condition of meeting the jigger detection condition, a supporting jack (11) is removed, a rotor (4) and a thrust head (6) are seated on a thrust bush (8) to provide vertical constraint on the thrust head (6), back screws of guide bushes (9) are adjusted to enable a plurality of guide bushes (9) to be tightly wrapped on a shaft neck of the thrust head (6), horizontal constraint on the thrust head (6) is provided, recording points are marked on shaft extensions at the upper end and the lower end of the rotor (4), a detection recording table aiming at the coordinate direction of the recording points is manufactured, a jigger tool (7) is used for manually rotating the rotor (4) under the condition of providing lubricating oil, the rotor (4) is enabled to circumferentially rotate by taking a rotating shaft of the thrust head (6) as a reference, a frame dial indicator is used for detecting the radial run-out value of circumferential swing of the shaft neck at the shaft extension part at the lower end of the rotor (4), and the coaxial precision of the relative position relation between the rotor (4) and the thrust head (6) is measured by the radial run-out value, the precision is the set installation precision, and the precision value of the precision is required to be controlled within the standard requirement of 0.015 mm/m;

d. adjusting and monitoring expansion: c, analyzing the detected data in the step c, judging the size of the precision error at the moment according to the radial runout value of the rotor, defining the peak value in the data as a high point and a valley value as a low point, defining bolts corresponding to the high point and the low point respectively, formulating the fastening sequence of the expansion bolts (3) according to the peak value, namely specifying the sequential fastening sequence of the initial bolt and the other bolts, increasing 10 N.M on the basis of the lowest torque value of the jigger by using a torque wrench, fully tightening the bolts, observing the change of reading of the dial indicator while fastening, constantly monitoring and judging the change trend of the precision in the adjusting process, adjusting the fastening sequence and the torque value at any time, and realizing the controllability of the adjustment of the mounting precision;

e. and (4) completing installation and final detection: and c, once fastening the expansion bolt (3) by increasing the torque each time is to adjust and monitor the mounting precision once, turning detection is carried out again after each adjustment to generate new precision data, the new data is analyzed again and used as the basis of readjustment, namely, the steps c and d are carried out in an alternative mode until the torque value of the expansion bolt (3) reaches the design requirement value, and finally the mounting precision values of the rotor (4) and the thrust head (6) are detected to reach the standard requirement.

1) Step a, initial assembly: the experimental method of the turning gear lowest torque value requires that after all the expansion bolts (3) need to be fastened to a uniform experimental torque value every time, the frame dial indicator detects the distance change between the thrust head (6) and the end face of the rotor (4) so as to judge whether the thrust head and the rotor axially slide relatively; 2) the initial assembly is started in each experiment, namely the rotor (4) needs to be jacked up again and the taper sleeve tightening amount is completely loosened between two experiments, after the clearance state between rotating parts is recovered, the expansion bolt (3) is fastened again to a new experiment torque value, and the incremental interval of the experiment torque value of each time can be 10 N.M; 3) and under the condition that the experimental torque value is gradually increased through a plurality of experiments, finally measuring an experimental torque value corresponding to the condition of meeting the barring detection condition for the first time, and determining the experimental torque value as the lowest barring torque value after increasing 20 N.M on the basis of the experimental torque value as a safety coefficient.

1) And step b, primary expansion: when the cross method is used for manually screwing the bolts in pairs, two bolts in the centrosymmetric direction are selected to be screwed simultaneously, the torque value and the rotating speed for screwing the two bolts are ensured to be basically consistent, after each pair of bolts are screwed for a short time, the bolts at the rest angles are changed to be screwed in time, and the outer taper sleeve (1) is strived to be synchronously lifted by the whole circle of bolts until the gap is completely closed; 2) after the clearance is closed, the manual force cannot be further tightened, at the moment, the bolts (3) are tightened one by using a torque wrench in a cross-shaped way, and the inclination and the distortion of the outer taper sleeve (1) are influenced by the overlarge torque value during the tightening of a single bolt, so that the requirement that the tightening of the whole circle of bolts is completed by increasing the torque not more than 5 N.M each time, then 5 N.M is added to start the next round of tightening is required, and the tightening is gradually carried out until the applied torque value reaches the lowest torque value of the jigger.

1) And step c, turning detection: after the expansion bolts (3) meet the lowest torque value of the jigger, the supporting jack (11) of the rotor (4) is removed, the shaft system is placed on the thrust pad (8), and the back screws of the guide pads (9) are adjusted to enable a plurality of guide pads (9) to be tightly wrapped on the shaft neck of the thrust head (6); 2) referring to an X axis and a Y axis of a horizontal coordinate system, selecting a smooth shaft neck at the lower end of an axial extension of a rotor (4), respectively supporting and adjusting two dial indicators (12) in the positive directions of the X axis and the Y axis of the coordinate system, and uniformly marking eight recording point positions on shaft bodies at the upper end and the lower end of the rotor (4) at proper positions convenient to observe in the clockwise direction by taking the positive direction of the X axis as a starting point, wherein the eight recording point positions are sequentially numbered as 1-8, and the upper circle of marking points and the lower circle of marking points are required to be numbered in one-to-one correspondence in the vertical direction, namely, the same numbers are in the same direction; 3) before turning, according to the phase of a horizontal coordinate system corresponding to the record point number, making a coordinate system type record table for recording a jumping numerical value, wherein each group of record table is required to be composed of two coordinate systems and respectively records the reading of an X-axis direction dial indicator and the reading of a Y-axis direction dial indicator in each turning detection, so that the subsequent calculation and comparative analysis of data are conveniently carried out; 4) installing a barring tool (7), starting lubricating oil circulation, manually pushing two symmetrical long arms of the barring tool to start to steer a shaft system, controlling the shaft system to rotate at a constant speed and slowly rotate after the shaft system rotates and lubricating oil is sufficiently involved, reading and recording radial jump reading numbers corresponding to two dial indicators when the two dial indicators rotate to each mark point at the moment, obtaining a group of shaft swing radial jump data with two independent indicators, namely data of the X-axis direction dial indicator and data of the Y-axis direction dial indicator, stopping the shaft system to an initial position after recording is completed, and keeping the position relation of a pointer relative to a radial jump center.

1) And d, expansion adjustment and monitoring: analyzing and detecting the reliability of data, wherein the recorded numerical values of all mark points in two pieces of data are different, but the numbers corresponding to the highest point positions represented respectively are the same, and the numbers corresponding to the lowest point positions are the same, and the two numbers are distributed in a central symmetry manner, the difference value between the highest point and the lowest point, namely the maximum diameter jump value, is the same or the difference value does not exceed the measurement error, and temporarily marking the bolts corresponding to the highest point and the lowest point; 2) calculating a numerical value of a theoretical center point, calculating the radial jump center in the X-axis direction as (X plus + X minus)/2 in X-axis direction by using tabulating data in the X-axis direction, namely (X1 point reading number + X5 point reading)/2, calculating the radial jump center in the Y-axis direction as (Y plus + Y minus)/2 in Y-axis direction by using tabulating data in the Y-axis direction, namely (Y7 point reading number + Y3 point reading)/2, obtaining a central value of which the coordinate value in X and Y is theoretically adjusted precision, and calculating the error direction and error amount of the rotor (4) relative to the respective radial jump center in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction at any moment by combining static readings of marked points of the two tables; 3) adjusting torque of a torque wrench, adding a certain torque value on the basis of the current torque value, selecting a bolt corresponding to a high point position as a first bolt to start fastening, then using two bolts adjacent to the left and right of the first bolt as a second bolt and a third bolt, then using two bolts on the right side of the third bolt and the left side of the second bolt as a fourth bolt and a fifth bolt, and determining the sequence of all the remaining bolts according to the rule until the bolt corresponding to the low point position is the last fastened bolt; 4) the change of two table readings of rotor (4) lower extreme is observed in the bolt-up, this moment the percentage table needle reading can change along with the process of bolt bloated tight, order about two table readings and move to the radial jump central value separately, when amplitude of change is great, when the trend that the high point position was transformed into the low point position promptly, the moment of torsion that should reduce adjustment before in time increases and continues to accomplish the fastening of whole bolts according to original order, and then realize the change trend through real-time supervision precision at the in-process that the bolt bloated tight, change corresponding adjustment strategy at any time.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the expansion sleeve is fastened by the expansion bolt, the outer taper sleeve is pulled to the inner taper sleeve by the bolt in a creeping mode in which the local part generates elastic deformation, the acting force and the reacting force among all the parts are changed along with the deformation moment, and therefore the relative position precision of the thrust head and the rotating shaft is changed constantly in the expansion process of the taper sleeve. The method of the invention is that during the initial installation stage, the working condition forms of the taper sleeve structure in the fastening process under different torque states are refined, and the initial installation precision is improved by adopting a targeted bolt fastening mode; in the adjusting stage, new precision data after each adjustment is mastered by detecting the jigger after each increase of the bolt torque, the size and the direction of a new adjusting target are determined according to new data, a corresponding bolt fastening sequence and the torque increase are formulated, and the change trend of the influence of each bolt on the precision in the fastening process is judged according to the reading change of two dial indicators of an X axis and a Y axis through the technical means of meter making monitoring, so that the adjustment is made at any time, and the whole adjusting process has directionality and controllability.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

because original clearance values exist among all structural components, larger or smaller inclination errors inevitably exist between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve in the initial installation process, and when the initial errors are larger, the initial errors continue to finally enable the installation accuracy to be finally irreconcilable, therefore, at the beginning of installation of the structural bearing, the traditional installation process is adopted to try expansion bolts for many times with the change of the expansion sequence and the fastening torque, but with the continuous increase of the fastening torque value of the bolts, accurate adjustment cannot be always made through the change of the fastening sequence and the fastening torque until the installation accuracy is found in the later period, and the installation error is always high. Therefore, a good relative position relationship between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve needs to be obtained at the beginning of expansion of the taper sleeve, otherwise, under a complex stress environment, an initial large error is difficult to completely eliminate through subsequent adjustment. In addition, the outer sleeve in the taper sleeve is always located in the structure, the state of position accuracy cannot be confirmed through observation and measurement means, therefore, in the closing process of an original gap, a fastening mode that the bolt is tightened by hands and the symmetrical bolt is adopted, and the phenomenon of clamping stagnation caused by overlarge local torque before tight attachment of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is prevented by sensing slight change of bolt torque feedback. And because the torque adjusting range of the torque wrench used by the user is 40-250 N.M, the tightening torque of the whole circle of bolts cannot be unified through the torque wrench in a low-torque stage, and therefore when the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve cannot be tightened continuously by hand power after being attached uniformly, the initial relative position relation of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is kept to be well continued by a consistent rotation angle according to the unified rotation distance function of the bolts. After the fastening torque of the bolt enters the torque adjustment range of the torque wrench, the relation is maintained in a uniform torque mode until the taper sleeve structure can enter a jigger detection and adjustment stage with good initial installation accuracy. Through the accuracy comparison of the first-wheel detection of the shaft system, the maximum radial runout of the shaft pendulum is reduced to be below 0.15mm/m from the initial common value of more than 0.25mm/m through the initial installation completed in the mode, and powerful basic guarantee is provided for the subsequent adjustment of the target accuracy of 0.015 mm/m.

The rotor of the high-rotating-speed motor is often subjected to inverse adjustment and over-adjustment in the bolt fastening process because the rotor of the high-rotating-speed motor is often over ten tons and over light compared with the dead weight of tens of tons when compared with the conventional low-rotating-speed motor, and the rotor of only 2.86 tons can be easily influenced by irregular acting force distribution among all parts in the taper sleeve structure and irregular elastic deformation caused by the irregular acting force distribution, and the size and the direction after adjustment are random when the precision value detection is carried out after each round of adjustment at first, so that the satisfactory installation precision requirement cannot be met all the time. Although the influence of the randomness on the precision can be tolerated on a low-rotating-speed motor, the randomness cannot be accepted under the high-precision requirement of a high-rotating-speed motor, because not only the installation precision cannot be guaranteed, but also the process reliability cannot be mentioned, so that the process optimization of real-time monitoring has to be carried out on each step of adjustment applied to the motor, and only the trend of each action on the precision is known in real time, whether the adjustment is right or not can be judged at the first time in the adjustment process, and the adjustment strategy can be changed in time. The basic of the technical optimization is a detection method for the shaft system installation accuracy, the initial detection method is that a dial indicator only completes the detection function for the accuracy, the data of the dial indicator only can reflect the size of a theoretical installation error and the direction of corresponding phases of high and low points, when a rotor is in a static state after stopping turning, the relative position of the actual position of the shaft head detection part and a theoretical center cannot be determined, namely a theoretical zero error point cannot be associated with the actual position at any moment, and the required real-time monitoring function cannot be realized without taking the zero error point as the target of adjustment. On the basis of the detection of an original single table, another table in the vertical direction with an angle of 90 degrees is added to participate in the detection at the same time and generate two different coordinate data sets, and the theoretical error central points X and Y in the respective axial directions are obtained through the calculation of the two data sets in the respective axial directions, wherein the central points (X and Y) are the adjustment targets required by people, and the subsequent real-time monitoring function can be smoothly realized with the guidance of the targets.

With the method for monitoring the adjusting process in real time, the bolt tightening sequence and the response rule of the tightening torque to the precision can be continuously and deeply mastered in a fine-drawing manner, so that the adjustment becomes more handy. The bolt fastening sequence related in the invention is a more effective way compared with other sequences, can improve the precision effect in a more stable rhythm, furthest reduces the occurrence of precision mutation in the adjusting process, and simultaneously needs the matching of the monitoring function to increase and decrease the torque amplification in time.

Through the invention, the mounting precision of the thrust bearing of the vertical motor is successfully improved to a new level.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the assembly of the rotating parts of the bearing.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a turning tool.

FIG. 3 is a graph comparing X-axis direction dial indicator readings and Y-axis direction dial indicator readings.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the detection accuracy of the disk rotation axis system.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the order of fastening by high-point and low-point bolts in the precision adjustment.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

a method for adjusting the installation accuracy of a thrust bearing of a taper sleeve type expansion structure of a vertical motor.

a. As shown in fig. 1, the components are initially assembled: the method comprises the steps of supporting a rotor 4 at an installation station by using a jack 11, jacking the rotor 4 by 2-3 mm higher than the working position, installing bearing non-rotating components comprising a guide shoe 9 and a thrust shoe 8, sequentially installing bearing rotating components, designing the installation sizes among the bearing rotating components to be in clearance fit, comprising a thrust head 6, an outer taper sleeve 1, an inner taper sleeve 2, the rotor 4, a split snap ring 5 and a rotor 4 ring groove, completely fastening the split snap ring 5 on the thrust head 6 by using split snap ring fastening bolts 10, primarily fastening a tensioning bolt 3 to a certain torque value by using a torque wrench, removing the jack 11 from the taper sleeve under the condition of a small amount of tensioning amount by using the protection effect of the snap ring embedded in the rotor ring groove, fully seating a shafting on the thrust shoe 8, and repeatedly measuring the range of the torque value of the tensioning bolt 3 by using the method through experiments, the taper sleeve expansion amount provided by the device can bear the dead weight of the rotor 4, namely when the jack 11 is removed under the torque value, the split type snap ring 5 is not pressed by the rotor 4 to apply the axial force, the static friction force provided by the expansion amount can prevent the rotor 4 and the thrust head 6 from sliding relatively in the axial direction, the torque value under the condition can meet the condition that a shaft system is shifted to a subsequent turning detection stage, the corresponding torque value is defined as the minimum torque value of the turning, all bearing rotating parts are disassembled after the torque value is measured, and the bearing rotating parts are comprehensively checked and reassembled. The specific operation is as follows: 1. the test method of the turning minimum torque value requires that after all the expansion bolts 3 need to be fastened to a uniform test torque value every time, the frame dial indicator detects the distance change between the thrust head 6 and the end face of the rotor 4 so as to judge whether the two axially slide relatively; 2. each experiment is started by initial assembly, namely the rotor 4 needs to be jacked up again and the taper sleeve tightness is completely loosened between two experiments, after the clearance state between rotating parts is recovered, the expansion bolt 3 is fastened again to a new experiment torque value, and the incremental increase of the experiment torque value of each time can be 10 N.M; 3. and under the condition of increasing the experimental torque value step by step through a plurality of experiments, finally measuring an experimental torque value corresponding to the condition of meeting the barring detection condition for the first time, and determining the lowest barring torque value after increasing 20 N.M on the basis of the experimental torque value as a safety coefficient.

b. Performing primary expansion on the taper sleeve: the rotating parts are assembled again in a clearance state, a large clearance value exists in the vertical direction after the outer taper sleeve 1 and the inner taper sleeve 2 are assembled, the bolts need to be screwed in pairs in a manual screwing mode and a cross method, the purpose is to sense the slight change of the torque applied to each bolt by using hand force, the uniform closing of the clearance between the inner taper sleeve and the outer taper sleeve is ensured, all the bolts cannot be screwed in a continuous manner after the clearance is closed, at the moment, a torque wrench is used for gradually expanding the bolts in multiple turns by small torque amplification according to the cross method until the fastening torque value applied to all the bolts reaches the lowest torque value of the turning, and the first turning detection condition is met. The specific operation is as follows: 1. when the cross method is used for manually screwing the bolts in pairs, two bolts in the centrosymmetric direction are selected to be screwed simultaneously, the torque value and the rotating speed of screwing of the two bolts are kept basically consistent, after each pair of bolts is screwed for a short time, the bolts in the other angles are changed to be screwed in time, and the whole circle of bolts is strived to synchronously lift the outer taper sleeve 1 until the gap is completely closed; 2. after the clearance is closed, the manual force cannot be further tightened, at the moment, the bolts 3 are tightened one by using a torque wrench in a cross way, and the inclination and the distortion deformation of the outer taper sleeve 1 are influenced by the overlarge torque value during the tightening of a single bolt, so that the tightening of the whole circle of bolts is completed by increasing the torque not more than 5 N.M each time, then 5 N.M is increased to start the next round of tightening, and the tightening is gradually performed in sequence until the applied torque value reaches the lowest torque value of the barring.

c. As shown in fig. 2, a barring tool is prepared, and a barring test is performed on a shafting: when the turning detection condition is met, the supporting jack 11 is removed, the rotor 4 and the thrust head 6 are seated on the thrust pad 8 to provide vertical restraint for the thrust head 6, the back screws of the guide pads 9 are adjusted to enable a plurality of guide pads 9 to be tightly wrapped on the shaft neck of the thrust head 6 to provide horizontal restraint for the thrust head 6, marking recording points on shaft extensions at the upper end and the lower end of the rotor 4, manufacturing a detection recording table aiming at the coordinate direction of the recording points, manually rotating the rotor 4 by using a turning tool 7 under the condition of providing lubricating oil, enabling the rotor 4 to circumferentially rotate by taking a rotating shaft of a thrust head 6 as a reference at any moment, detecting a radial run-out value of circumferential swing of a shaft neck at the shaft extension part at the lower end of the rotor 4 by using a frame dial indicator, the coaxial precision of the relative position relationship between the rotor 4 and the thrust collar 6 is measured by the value, the precision is the set installation precision, and the precision value is required to be controlled within the standard requirement of 0.015 mm/m. The specific operation is as follows: 1. after the expansion bolts 3 meet the lowest turning torque value, the supporting jacks 11 of the rotor 4 are removed, the shaft system is placed on the thrust bearing 8, and the back screws of the guide bearings 9 are adjusted to enable a plurality of guide bearings 9 to be tightly wrapped on the shaft necks of the thrust heads 6; 2. referring to an X axis and a Y axis of a horizontal coordinate system, selecting a smooth shaft neck at the lower end of an axial extension of the rotor 4, respectively supporting and adjusting two dial indicators 12 in the positive directions of the X axis and the Y axis, and taking the positive direction of the X axis as a starting point, uniformly marking eight recording points in the whole circumference in the clockwise overlooking direction, wherein the recording points are sequentially numbered in a range of 1-8, and the upper circle of marking points and the lower circle of marking points are required to be numbered in the vertical direction in a one-to-one correspondence manner, namely, the same number is in the same direction; 3. as shown in fig. 3, before turning, according to the phase of the horizontal coordinate system corresponding to the record point number, a coordinate system type record table is made for recording the jitter value, each group of record table is required to be composed of two coordinate systems, and the reading of the X-axis direction dial indicator and the reading of the Y-axis direction dial indicator are respectively recorded during each turning detection, so as to facilitate the subsequent calculation and comparative analysis of data; 4. as shown in fig. 4, a turning tool 7 is installed, lubricating oil circulation is started, two symmetrical long arms of the turning tool are pushed manually to start turning the shafting, after the shafting rotates and lubricating oil is sufficiently introduced, the shafting is controlled to rotate at a constant speed and slowly, the corresponding radial jump reading numbers of the two dial indicators when the two dial indicators rotate to each mark point are read and recorded, a set of shaft swing radial jump data which are independent of the two indicators can be obtained, the data of the X-axis direction dial indicator and the data of the Y-axis direction dial indicator are respectively obtained, the shafting is stopped to the initial position after recording is completed, the two dial indicators do not need to be touched or adjusted after stopping, and the position relation of the indicator needle relative to the radial jump center is maintained.

d. As shown in fig. 5, the bolt tightening torque is further increased, and the accuracy adjustment and monitoring are performed while the taper sleeve is gradually expanded: analyzing the detected data, judging the size of the precision error at the moment according to the radial runout value of the rotor, defining the peak value in the data as a high point and a valley value as a low point, defining the bolts corresponding to the high point and the low point respectively, formulating the fastening sequence of the expansion bolts 3, namely, appointing the sequential fastening sequence of the initial bolt and the other bolts, adding 10 N.M on the basis of the lowest torque value of the jigger by using a torque wrench, fully re-fastening the bolts, observing the change of the reading of a dial indicator while fastening, constantly monitoring and judging the change trend of the precision in the adjusting process, adjusting the fastening sequence and the torque value at any time, and realizing the controllability of the adjustment of the mounting precision. The specific operation is as follows: 1. analyzing and detecting the reliability of data, wherein the recorded numerical values of all mark points in two pieces of data are different, but the numbers corresponding to the highest point positions represented respectively are the same, and the numbers corresponding to the lowest point positions are the same, and the two numbers are distributed in a central symmetry manner, the difference value between the highest point and the lowest point, namely the maximum diameter jump value, is the same or the difference value does not exceed the measurement error, and temporarily marking the bolts corresponding to the highest point and the lowest point; 2. Calculating a numerical value of a theoretical center point, calculating the radial jump center in the X-axis direction as (X plus + X minus)/2 in X-axis direction by using tabulation data in the X-axis direction, namely (X1 point reading number + X5 point reading)/2, calculating the radial jump center in the Y-axis direction as (Y plus + Y minus)/2 in Y-axis direction by using tabulation data in the Y-axis direction, namely (Y7 point reading number + Y3 point reading)/2, obtaining a central value of which the coordinate value in X and Y is theoretically adjusted in precision, and calculating the error direction and error amount of the rotor 4 relative to the respective radial jump center in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction at any moment by combining static readings of the marked point positions of the two tables; 3. adjusting torque of a torque wrench, increasing a certain torque value on the basis of the current torque value, selecting a bolt corresponding to a high point position as a first bolt to start fastening, then using two bolts adjacent to the left and right of the first bolt as a second bolt and a third bolt, then using two bolts on the right side of the third bolt and the left side of the second bolt as a fourth bolt and a fifth bolt, and determining the sequence of all the remaining bolts according to the rule until the bolt corresponding to a low point position is the last fastened bolt; 4. the change of the readings of the two meters at the lower end of the rotor 4 is observed while the bolt is fastened, the readings of the dial indicator can be changed along with the expansion process of the bolt, the readings of the two meters are driven to move towards the radial jump central value respectively, when the change amplitude is large, namely when the high point position has the trend of being converted into the low point position, the torque amplitude of the previous adjustment is timely reduced, the fastening of all the bolts is continuously completed according to the original sequence, and then the corresponding adjustment strategy is changed at any time through the change trend of real-time monitoring precision in the expansion process of the bolt.

e. As shown in fig. 5, the mounting adjustment is completed and the final precision detection is performed: and c, once adjusting and monitoring the mounting precision, namely once adjusting and monitoring the mounting precision, performing jigger detection again after each adjustment to generate new precision data, analyzing the new data again and taking the analyzed data as the basis of the readjustment, namely performing the steps c and d in an alternative mode until the torque value of the expansion bolt 3 reaches the design required value, and finally detecting that the mounting precision values of the rotor 4 and the thrust head 6 also reach the standard requirement.

Claims (5)

1. A method for adjusting the installation accuracy of a thrust bearing of a taper sleeve type expansion structure of a vertical motor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

a. initial assembly: the method comprises the steps of supporting a rotor (4) at an installation station by using a jack (11), jacking the rotor (4) by 2-3 mm compared with the elevation of a working position, installing bearing non-rotating components comprising a guide shoe (9) and a thrust shoe (8), sequentially installing bearing rotating components, designing installation sizes among the bearing rotating components to be in clearance fit, comprising a thrust head (6), an outer cone sleeve (1), an inner cone sleeve (2), the rotor (4), a split snap ring (5) and a rotor (4) ring groove, completely fastening the split snap ring (5) on the thrust head (6) by using split snap ring fastening bolts (10), primarily fastening expansion bolts (3) to a certain torque value by using a torque wrench, removing the jack (11) by using a protective action of embedding the snap ring into the rotor ring groove, completely seating a shafting on the thrust shoe (8) by using the cone sleeve under the condition of a small amount of expansion, the method can be used for repeatedly measuring the torque value range of the expansion bolt (3) through experiments, the expansion amount of the taper sleeve provided by the expansion bolt can bear the dead weight of the rotor (4), namely when the jack (11) is removed under the torque value, the split type snap ring (5) is not subjected to downward-pressing axial force applied to the split type snap ring by the rotor (4), the axial relative sliding between the rotor (4) and the thrust head (6) can be realized by the static friction force provided by the expansion amount, the torque value under the condition can meet the condition that the shaft system is transferred to a subsequent barring detection stage, the corresponding torque value is defined as the barring minimum torque value, and after the barring minimum torque value is measured, the rotating part of the bearing is completely disassembled, the bearing is comprehensively inspected and reassembled;

b. preliminary expansion: the rotating parts are assembled again in a clearance state, the outer taper sleeve (1) and the inner taper sleeve (2) are assembled and then have a large clearance value in the vertical direction, a manual screwing mode is firstly adopted and a cross method is matched to screw the expansion bolts in pairs, the purpose is to sense the slight change of the torque applied to each expansion bolt by using hand force, the uniform closing of the clearance between the inner taper sleeve and the outer taper sleeve is ensured, all the expansion bolts cannot be screwed manually continuously after the clearance is closed, at the moment, the expansion bolts are gradually expanded by using a torque wrench with small torque amplitude according to the cross method in multiple turns until the fastening torque value applied to all the expansion bolts reaches the lowest torque value of the jigger, and the first jigger detection condition is met;

c. turning detection: under the condition of meeting the jigger detection condition, a supporting jack (11) is removed, a rotor (4) and a thrust head (6) are seated on a thrust bush (8) to provide vertical constraint on the thrust head (6), back screws of guide bushes (9) are adjusted to enable a plurality of guide bushes (9) to be tightly wrapped on a shaft neck of the thrust head (6), horizontal constraint on the thrust head (6) is provided, recording points are marked on shaft extensions at the upper end and the lower end of the rotor (4), a detection recording table aiming at the coordinate direction of the recording points is manufactured, a jigger tool (7) is used for manually rotating the rotor (4) under the condition of providing lubricating oil, the rotor (4) is enabled to circumferentially rotate by taking a rotating shaft of the thrust head (6) as a reference, a frame dial indicator is used for detecting the radial run-out value of circumferential swing of the shaft neck at the shaft extension part at the lower end of the rotor (4), and the coaxial precision of the relative position relation between the rotor (4) and the thrust head (6) is measured by the radial run-out value, the precision is the set installation precision, and the precision value of the precision is required to be controlled within the standard requirement of 0.015 mm/m;

d. adjusting and monitoring expansion: analyzing the detected data in the step c), judging the size of the precision error at the moment according to the radial runout value of the rotor, defining the peak value in the data as a high point and the valley value as a low point, defining expansion bolts corresponding to the high point and the low point respectively, formulating the fastening sequence of the expansion bolts (3) according to the peak value, namely specifying the sequential fastening sequence of the initial expansion bolt and the rest of the expansion bolts, increasing 10 N.m on the basis of the lowest torque value of the jigger by using a torque wrench, fully re-fastening the expansion bolts, observing the change of reading of a dial indicator while fastening, monitoring and judging the change trend of the precision in the adjusting process at any time, adjusting the fastening sequence and the torque value at any time, and realizing the controllability of the adjustment of the mounting precision;

e. and (4) completing installation and final detection: and (3) once fastening the expansion bolt (3) by increasing the torque each time is to adjust and monitor the mounting precision once, turning detection is carried out again after each adjustment to generate new precision data, the new data is analyzed again and taken as the basis of the readjustment, namely, the steps c) and d) are carried out in an alternative way until the torque value of the expansion bolt (3) reaches the design requirement value, and finally the mounting precision values of the rotor (4) and the thrust head (6) are detected to reach the standard requirement.

2. The method for adjusting the installation accuracy of the thrust bearing of the taper sleeve type expansion structure of the vertical motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step a also includes: 1) the experimental method of the turning gear lowest torque value requires that after all the expansion bolts (3) need to be fastened to a uniform experimental torque value every time, the frame percentage table detects the distance change between the thrust head (6) and the end face of the rotor (4) so as to judge whether the two axially and relatively slide; 2) the initial assembly is started in each experiment, namely the rotor (4) needs to be jacked up again and the taper sleeve tightening amount is completely loosened between two experiments, after the clearance state between rotating parts is recovered, the expansion bolt (3) is fastened again to a new experiment torque value, and the incremental interval of the experiment torque value is 10 N.m; 3) and under the condition that the experimental torque value is gradually increased through a plurality of experiments, finally measuring an experimental torque value corresponding to the condition of meeting the barring detection condition for the first time, and determining the experimental torque value as the lowest barring torque value after increasing 20N m on the basis of the experimental torque value as a safety coefficient.

3. The method for adjusting the installation accuracy of the thrust bearing of the taper sleeve type expansion structure of the vertical motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step b also comprises the following steps: 1) when the expansion bolts are manually screwed in pairs by using a cross method, two expansion bolts in the centrosymmetric direction are selected to be screwed simultaneously, the screwing torque value and the screwing speed of the two expansion bolts are ensured to be basically consistent, after each pair of expansion bolts is screwed for a short time, the expansion bolts at the rest angles are changed in time to be screwed, and the whole circle of expansion bolts is strived to synchronously lift the outer taper sleeve (1) until the gap is completely closed; 2) after the clearance is closed, the manual force cannot be further tightened, at the moment, a torque wrench is used for tightening the expansion bolts (3) one by one in a cross-shaped mode, and the inclination and the distortion of the outer taper sleeve (1) are affected due to the fact that the torque value is too large when a single expansion bolt is tightened, so that the requirement that the whole circle of expansion bolts is tightened by 5 N.m after the whole circle of expansion bolts is tightened by the torque amplification not exceeding 5 N.m each time is met, the next round of tightening is started by increasing 5 N.m, and the tightening is gradually carried out until the applied torque value reaches the lowest torque value of the barring.

4. The method for adjusting the installation accuracy of the thrust bearing of the taper sleeve type expansion structure of the vertical motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step c also comprises the following steps: 1) after the fastening torque of the expansion bolt (3) meets the lowest turning torque value, the supporting jack (11) of the rotor (4) is removed, the shaft system is placed on the thrust pad (8), and the back screws of the guide pads (9) are adjusted to enable the guide pads (9) to be tightly wrapped on the shaft neck of the thrust head (6); 2) referring to an X axis and a Y axis of a horizontal coordinate system, selecting a smooth shaft neck at the lower end of an axial extension of a rotor (4), respectively supporting and adjusting two dial indicators (12) in the positive directions of the X axis and the Y axis of the coordinate system, and uniformly marking eight recording point positions on shaft bodies at the upper end and the lower end of the rotor (4) at proper positions convenient to observe in the clockwise direction by taking the positive direction of the X axis as a starting point, wherein the eight recording point positions are sequentially numbered as 1-8, and the upper circle of marking points and the lower circle of marking points are required to be numbered in one-to-one correspondence in the vertical direction, namely, the same numbers are in the same direction; 3) before turning, according to the phase of a horizontal coordinate system corresponding to the record point number, making a coordinate system type record table for recording a jumping numerical value, wherein each group of record table is required to be composed of two coordinate systems and respectively records the reading of an X-axis direction dial indicator and the reading of a Y-axis direction dial indicator in each turning detection, so that the subsequent calculation and comparative analysis of data are conveniently carried out; 4) installing a barring tool (7), starting lubricating oil circulation, manually pushing two symmetrical long arms of the barring tool to start to steer a shaft system, controlling the shaft system to rotate at a constant speed and slowly rotate after the shaft system rotates and lubricating oil is sufficiently involved, reading and recording radial jump reading numbers corresponding to two dial indicators when the two dial indicators rotate to each mark point at the moment, obtaining a group of shaft swing radial jump data with two independent indicators, namely data of the X-axis direction dial indicator and data of the Y-axis direction dial indicator, stopping the shaft system to an initial position after recording is completed, and keeping the position relation of a pointer relative to a radial jump center.

5. The method for adjusting the installation accuracy of the thrust bearing of the taper sleeve type expansion structure of the vertical motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step d also comprises: 1) analyzing and detecting the reliability of data, wherein the recorded numerical values of all mark points in the two pieces of data are different, but the numbers corresponding to the highest point positions of the two pieces of data are the same, and the numbers corresponding to the lowest point positions of the two pieces of data are the same, the two numbers are distributed in a central symmetry manner, the difference value between the highest point and the lowest point, namely the maximum diameter jump value, is the same or the difference value does not exceed a measurement error, and the expansion bolts corresponding to the highest point and the lowest point are temporarily marked; 2) calculating a numerical value of a theoretical center point, calculating the radial jump center in the X-axis direction as (X plus + X minus)/2 in X-axis direction by using tabulating data in the X-axis direction, namely (X1 point reading number + X5 point reading)/2, calculating the radial jump center in the Y-axis direction as (Y plus + Y minus)/2 in Y-axis direction by using tabulating data in the Y-axis direction, namely (Y7 point reading number + Y3 point reading)/2, obtaining a central value of which the coordinate value in X and Y is theoretically adjusted precision, and calculating the error direction and error amount of the rotor (4) relative to the respective radial jump center in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction at any moment by combining static readings of marked points of the two tables; 3) adjusting torque of a torque wrench, adding a certain torque value on the basis of the current torque value, selecting an expansion bolt corresponding to a high point position as a first expansion bolt to start fastening, then selecting two adjacent expansion bolts on the left and right of the first expansion bolt as a second expansion bolt and a third expansion bolt, then using the two expansion bolts on the right and left of the third expansion bolt as a fourth expansion bolt and a fifth expansion bolt, and determining the sequence of all the rest expansion bolts according to the rule until the expansion bolt corresponding to a low point position is the last fastened expansion bolt; 4) the change of observing two table readings of rotor (4) lower extreme when the tight bolt-up expands, the percentage table needle reading can change along with the tight process of the tight bolt that expands this moment, order about two table readings and move to radial jump central value separately, when amplitude of change is great, when the trend that the high point position changes into the low point position promptly, the moment of torsion of adjustment before should in time reducing increases and continues to accomplish the fastening of whole tight bolts that expand according to original order, and then realize the change trend through the real-time supervision precision at the tight in-process that expands of tight bolt, change corresponding adjustment strategy at any time.

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