CN113488773B - Complementary body paster antenna and electronic equipment altogether of directional diagram - Google Patents

Complementary body paster antenna and electronic equipment altogether of directional diagram Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113488773B
CN113488773B CN202110625600.7A CN202110625600A CN113488773B CN 113488773 B CN113488773 B CN 113488773B CN 202110625600 A CN202110625600 A CN 202110625600A CN 113488773 B CN113488773 B CN 113488773B
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common
microstrip line
patch radiator
dielectric substrate
line
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CN113488773A (en
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张澳芳
魏鲲鹏
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Honor Device Co Ltd
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Honor Device Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas

Abstract

The application provides a common patch antenna with complementary directional diagrams and an electronic device, comprising a feed structure, a common patch radiator, a first dielectric substrate and a ground plate, wherein the common patch radiator, the first dielectric substrate and the ground plate are sequentially stacked; the coplanar patch radiator is an N-sided polygon, wherein N is an even number which is more than or equal to 6; the first region of the common body patch radiator is electrically connected with the grounding plate through a floor connecting piece embedded in the first medium substrate; and the feed structure is used for feeding common-mode signals and differential-mode signals to symmetrical areas on two sides of the longest diagonal line in the common-body patch radiator. The common-mode patch radiator obtains a common-mode electromagnetic wave signal and a differential-mode electromagnetic wave signal through the feed structure, and excites the common-mode patch radiator to radiate out, so that the formed common-mode antenna directional diagram and the differential-mode antenna directional diagram have complementary characteristics.

Description

Complementary body paster antenna and electronic equipment altogether of directional diagram
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a common patch antenna with complementary directional patterns and an electronic device.
Background
The patch antenna is an antenna for pasting a metal microstrip patch on a dielectric substrate, and is widely applied to the fields of wireless communication such as radar, satellite, navigation and the like because the patch antenna has the advantages of low profile, light weight, easy processing and the like.
With the development of communication technology and the increase of the number of antennas, more and more electronic devices adopt the form of patch antennas to perform antenna layout on the back side of the electronic devices. However, when the back side of the electronic device such as a mobile phone or a tablet performs the layout of the same-frequency multiple antennas, the situation that the available back side space is limited is faced, so that the directional diagram complementary performance of the multiple antennas is insufficient, the isolation degree is poor, and the like.
Therefore, when the same-frequency multi-antenna layout is performed on the back side of the electronic device, how to ensure that the multi-antenna has good pattern complementary performance and isolation performance at the same time is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a common body patch antenna with complementary directional diagrams and electronic equipment, wherein a common body patch radiator obtains a common mode electromagnetic wave signal and a differential mode electromagnetic wave signal through a feed structure, the common body patch radiator is excited to radiate, the formed common mode antenna directional diagram and the differential mode antenna directional diagram have complementary characteristics, the function of a double antenna is realized by only using one common body patch radiator, and the common body patch antenna has the advantages of high isolation and low Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC).
In a first aspect, the present application provides a common patch antenna with complementary directional patterns, which includes a feed structure, and a common patch radiator, a first dielectric substrate and a ground plate stacked in sequence; the coplanar patch radiator is an N-sided polygon, N is an even number greater than or equal to 6, the coplanar patch radiator comprises a longest diagonal, and the coplanar patch radiator is axisymmetric with the longest diagonal as a symmetry axis and with a perpendicular bisector of the longest diagonal as a symmetry axis; a floor connector is embedded in the first dielectric substrate, wherein the floor connector exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate is electrically connected with the common patch radiator along the longest diagonal of the common patch radiator, and the floor connector exposed on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate is electrically connected with the ground plate; the feed structure is located on one side, far away from the first dielectric substrate, of the grounding plate and used for feeding signals to symmetrical areas on two sides of the longest diagonal line in the common body patch radiator.
In one implementation, the signals fed by the feed structure to the symmetric regions on both sides of the longest diagonal in the common body patch radiator include common mode signals and differential mode signals.
Therefore, the common-mode patch radiator obtains a common-mode electromagnetic wave signal and a differential-mode electromagnetic wave signal through the feed structure, the common-mode patch radiator is excited to radiate, and a formed common-mode antenna directional diagram and a formed differential-mode antenna directional diagram have complementary characteristics.
In one implementation, the feed structure includes a second dielectric substrate and a branch coupling line; the grounding plate is attached between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, two avoidance holes are carved in the grounding plate, and the avoidance holes are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the longest diagonal of the common patch radiator; the branch coupling line is pasted and covered the second medium base plate is far away from ground plate one side, the branch coupling line pass through second medium base plate, dodge hole and first medium base plate in proper order through two probes rather than being connected with it with the contact of sharing body paster irradiator.
In one implementation, the feed structure includes a second dielectric substrate and a branch coupling line; the grounding plate is attached between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, two coupling gaps are carved on the grounding plate, and the two coupling gaps are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the longest diagonal line of the common patch radiator in parallel; the branch coupling line is attached to one side, far away from the ground plate, of the second dielectric substrate and used for forming a common mode signal and a differential mode signal, and the common mode signal and the differential mode signal are fed to the common body patch radiator in a coupling mode through the two coupling gaps.
Therefore, by adopting a coupling feed mode that the coupling gap is coupled to the common body patch radiator, the feed end does not need to be in direct contact with the common body patch radiator, thereby solving the problem that the feed mode of the electronic equipment with a three-section structure, namely a mainboard, a metal middle frame and a rear cover, is more complicated. In addition, compared with a direct feed mode, the coupling feed mode can also realize the area miniaturization of the common patch radiator.
In one implementation, the branch coupling line includes a first feed port, a second feed port, a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, a fourth microstrip line, a fifth microstrip line, a sixth microstrip line, a seventh microstrip line, and an eighth microstrip line; the first end of the first microstrip line is connected with the first feed port, and the first end of the third microstrip line and the first end of the fifth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the first microstrip line; the first end of the second microstrip line is connected with a second feed port, and the second end of the fifth microstrip line and the first end of the fourth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the second microstrip line; the first end of the seventh microstrip line and the first end of the sixth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the third microstrip line, wherein the second end of the seventh microstrip line is an open end; the first end of the eighth microstrip line and the second end of the sixth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the fourth microstrip line, wherein the second end of the eighth microstrip line is an open end; the difference value between the length of the seventh microstrip line and the length of the eighth microstrip line is one quarter wavelength of the resonant frequency of the common body patch radiator; the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line are configured to divide the electromagnetic signal at the first feed port into two common-mode signals with equal amplitude and the same phase, and to divide the electromagnetic signal at the second feed port into two differential-mode signals with equal amplitude and opposite phase.
Thus, when the first feed Port1 feeds power, the open ends of the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line obtain common-mode signals with equal amplitude and in phase, and when the second feed Port2 feeds power, the open ends of the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line obtain differential-mode signals with equal amplitude and opposite phase.
In one implementation, the widths of the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the fifth microstrip line, the sixth microstrip line, the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line all satisfy 48-52 ohms of impedance, and the widths of the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line satisfy 34-37 ohms of impedance; the first end of the seventh microstrip line sequentially extends in a direction away from the sixth microstrip line by 2mm, extends in a direction away from the eighth microstrip line by 2.7mm, extends in a direction away from the sixth microstrip line by 10mm and extends in a direction close to the eighth microstrip line by 8.9 mm; the first end of the eighth microstrip line sequentially extends for 2mm in the direction away from the sixth microstrip line, extends for 2mm in the direction away from the eighth microstrip line, extends for 4mm in the direction away from the sixth microstrip line, and extends for 8.3mm in the direction close to the seventh microstrip line.
In this way, the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line run along the same direction as the common-mode patch radiator through the two coupling slots.
In one implementation, the common body patch radiator is hexagonal, and the length d of the first side of the common body patch radiator 1 Is 9mm, the length d of the second side of the common body patch radiator 2 Is 10.3mm, the second side of the coplanar patch radiator and the included angle theta between the longest diagonal are 141 degrees, wherein the first side is the side parallel to the longest diagonal, and the second side is the side adjacent to the first side.
In this way, the common patch antenna with complementary directional patterns can be used as a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) common antenna pair, and can meet the WIFI 5G frequency requirement.
In one implementation manner, the floor connector is formed by arranging a plurality of metal through holes in a linear array, each metal through hole penetrates through the first dielectric substrate, wherein the metal through hole exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate contacts the common patch radiator along the longest diagonal of the common patch radiator, and the metal through hole exposed on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate contacts the ground plate.
Therefore, the metal through hole is adopted to connect the common body patch radiator and the grounding plate, and the mode of embedding the metal through hole in the first medium substrate is beneficial to the realization of the process.
In one implementation, the floor connectors are integrally continuous strip metal connectors.
In one implementation mode, the aperture r of the metal through hole 1 Is 1mm, and the distance r between two adjacent metal through holes 2 Is 2 mm.
Therefore, the metal through hole is used for realizing the connection of the longest diagonal line of the common body patch radiator and the ground plate, so that the floating aperture of the metal through hole is not easy to be overlarge, and meanwhile, the aperture r of the metal through hole is used for ensuring the connection strength of the metal through hole and the first medium substrate 1 Is 1mm, and the distance r between two adjacent metal through holes 2 Preferably 2 mm.
In one implementationLength s of said coupling slot 1 Is 9mm, the width s of the coupling slot 2 Is 1.5mm, the distance s between the coupling gap and the center of the metal through hole 3 Is 2.75 mm.
Thus, when feeding the common-mode signal, the seventh microstrip line can feed one of the two common-mode signals to one symmetric region of the common-body patch radiator through the coupling slot, and the eighth microstrip line can feed one of the two common-mode signals to the other symmetric region of the common-body patch radiator through the coupling slot; similarly, when feeding the differential mode signals, the seventh microstrip line may feed one of the two differential mode signals to one symmetric region of the common bulk patch radiator through the coupling slot, and the eighth microstrip line may feed one of the two differential mode signals to the other symmetric region of the common bulk patch radiator through the coupling slot, so that the common mode signal and the differential mode signal are radiated through the common bulk patch radiator.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a common-body patch antenna with complementary directivity patterns according to any one of the first aspects.
In one implementation, the electronic device includes a motherboard, a metal middle frame, and a rear cover that are connected in sequence, where a first dielectric substrate in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional pattern is the motherboard, a ground plane in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional pattern is the metal middle frame, a second dielectric substrate in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional pattern is the rear cover, a common patch radiator in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional pattern is attached to an outer side surface of the rear cover, and the metal middle frame has two coupling slits that are symmetrically distributed in parallel on two sides of a longest diagonal line of the common patch radiator; and the branch coupling line is arranged on the mainboard and couples and feeds the common-mode signal and the differential-mode signal to the common-body patch radiator through the two coupling gaps.
In one implementation, the electronic device is a cylindrical structure, and the common patch antenna with the complementary directional diagram is symmetrically disposed on a sidewall of the cylindrical structure with a central axis of the cylindrical structure as an axis of symmetry, wherein the common patch radiator is attached to the sidewall of the cylindrical structure.
In this way, the common patch antenna with complementary directional patterns can be used as a MIMO common antenna pair on an electronic device. When the common-body patch radiator is used on a router, the reconfigurable characteristic of the directional diagram can be realized, four high-gain directional diagrams can be switched by using two antennas, the range of 360 degrees is covered, and the number of the antennas is reduced by half.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1A is an exploded view of a complementary pattern co-body patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of a common patch radiator in a direct feeding manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 1C is a graph of reflection coefficient comparison of direct feed and coupled feed provided by embodiments of the present application;
fig. 1D is a schematic structural diagram of a branch coupled line according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 1E is a common-mode signal amplitude diagram obtained at the open ends of the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line when the first feed Port1 of the branch coupled line provided in the embodiment of the present application feeds power;
fig. 1F is a diagram of a common-mode signal phase obtained at open ends of a seventh microstrip line and an eighth microstrip line when the first feed Port1 of the branch coupled line is fed according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 1G is a differential mode signal amplitude diagram obtained at the open ends of the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line when the second feed Port2 of the branch coupled line provided in the embodiment of the present application feeds power;
fig. 1H is a differential mode signal phase diagram obtained at the open ends of the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line when the second feed Port2 of the branch coupled line is fed according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a bulk patch radiator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of another co-bulk patch radiator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2C is a schematic structural diagram of another co-body patch radiator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2D is a simulation of the S parameter as a function of frequency for a ground size of 25mm using the hexagonal bulk patch radiator of FIG. 2A;
FIG. 2E is a simulation diagram of S parameter variation with frequency using a rectangular common bulk patch radiator with a ground size of 9 mm; FIG. 2F is a simulation diagram of S parameter variation with frequency using a rectangular common bulk patch radiator with a ground size of 25 mm;
fig. 3A is a simulation diagram of S parameter variation with frequency of a common patch antenna with complementary directional patterns according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3B is a simulation diagram of the antenna system efficiency of a common-body patch antenna with complementary directional diagrams varying with frequency according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3C is a simulation diagram of an ECC of a complementary directional diagram common patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present application along with a change in frequency;
fig. 3D is a current distribution diagram of a common patch radiator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3E is a three-dimensional antenna pattern for a hexagonal shaped co-bulk patch radiator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3F is a three-dimensional antenna pattern of an octagonal co-bulk patch radiator according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 3G is a three-dimensional antenna pattern of a decagonal coplanar patch radiator provided in an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 4A is an exploded view of an electronic device;
fig. 4B is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4C is a schematic structural diagram of another electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
1-a common body patch radiator, 2-a floor connecting piece, 3-a first dielectric substrate, 4-a ground plate, 5-a second dielectric substrate, 6-a branch coupling line, 71-a probe, 72-a probe, 73-an avoidance hole, 74-an avoidance hole, 8-a main board, 9-a metal middle frame and 10-a rear cover; 21-metal through hole, 41-coupling slot, 42-coupling slot, 61-first microstrip line, 62-second microstrip line, 63-third microstrip line, 64-fourth microstrip line, 65-fifth microstrip line, 66-sixth microstrip line, 67-seventh microstrip line and 68-eighth microstrip line.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1A, in one embodiment of the present application, a complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna may include a co-bulk patch radiator 1, a ground connector 2, a first dielectric substrate 3, a ground plane 4, and a feed structure.
Wherein, the common body patch radiator 1, the first dielectric substrate 3 and the ground plate 4 are laminated in turn.
The common body patch radiator 1 is an N-sided polygon, N is an even number greater than or equal to 6, the common body patch radiator 1 comprises a longest diagonal, and the common body patch radiator 1 is axisymmetric with the longest diagonal as a symmetry axis and with a perpendicular bisector of the longest diagonal as a symmetry axis; a floor connector 2 is embedded in the first dielectric substrate 3, wherein the floor connector 2 exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 is electrically connected to the common patch radiator 1 along the longest diagonal of the common patch radiator 1, and the floor connector 2 exposed on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 is electrically connected to the ground plate 4; the feeding structure is located on a side of the ground plate 4 away from the first dielectric substrate 3, and is configured to feed signals to symmetric regions on both sides of the longest diagonal line in the common bulk patch radiator 1, where the fed signals may include common mode signals and differential mode signals.
The connection size of the common body patch radiator and the grounding plate is increased by adopting the hexagonal or higher polygonal common body patch radiator, so that the resonance frequency of the common mode signal is basically the same as the resonance frequency of the differential mode signal; in addition, the N-edge coplanar patch radiator 1 radiates Common Mode (CM) signals and Differential Mode (DM) signals to form a Common Mode antenna pattern and a Differential Mode antenna pattern having complementary characteristics, so that the present application can realize a dual antenna function using only one coplanar patch radiator.
The feeding structure in the present application will be further described with reference to the drawings.
The feed structure is used for respectively exciting a common mode signal and a differential mode signal when the two feed ports respectively feed power, and feeding the formed common mode signal and differential mode signal to the common body patch radiator. The present application does not limit the feed structure, and various implementations may be employed to feed common-mode signals and differential-mode signals to the common-body patch radiator.
In one implementation, as shown in fig. 1B, the feed structure may feed common-mode signals and differential-mode signals to the common-body patch radiator by direct feeding. For example, the feed structure includes a second dielectric substrate 5 and a branch coupling line 6. The grounding plate 4 is attached between the first dielectric substrate 3 and the second dielectric substrate 4, and the branch coupling line 6 is attached to the second dielectric substrate 5 on the side far away from the grounding plate 4. The branch coupling line 6 may realize the splitting of the electromagnetic signal of the first feed port into two common-mode signals of equal amplitude and in phase, and may realize the splitting of the electromagnetic signal of the second feed port into two differential-mode signals of equal amplitude and opposite phase. In this implementation, the probes 71 and 72 may be connected to the two open ends of the branch coupling line 6, respectively, and then the two probes sequentially pass through the second dielectric substrate 5, the ground plane 4, and the first dielectric substrate 3 to contact the common patch radiator, so as to implement feeding of the common mode signal and the differential mode signal to the common patch radiator. The ground plate 4 has an avoidance hole 73 and an avoidance hole 74 in the areas through which the probes 71 and 72 pass, and the two avoidance holes are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the longest diagonal of the common body patch radiator 1. The escape holes 73 may prevent the probes 71 from contacting the ground plate 4, and the escape holes 74 may prevent the probes 72 from contacting the ground plate 4.
Although the above implementation can realize feeding common-mode signals and differential-mode signals to the common-body patch radiator, the applicant finds that, for electronic devices (such as mobile phones and tablet) having a three-section structure of "motherboard-metal middle frame-rear cover", since the metal middle frame is interposed between the motherboard and the rear cover, the feeding wires need to pass through the metal middle frame, and the feeding form is complicated. To this end, the present application provides another implementation.
In another implementation, the feed structure may feed common mode signals and differential mode signals to the common body patch radiator by coupled feeding. As shown in fig. 1A, in this implementation, the feed structure includes a second dielectric substrate 5 and a branch coupling line 6, the ground plane 4 is attached between the first dielectric substrate 3 and the second dielectric substrate 4, two coupling slots 41 and 42 are carved on the ground plane 4, and the two coupling slots are symmetrically arranged in parallel on two sides of a longest diagonal line of the common patch radiator; the branch coupling line 6 is attached to one side, far away from the ground plate 4, of the second dielectric substrate 5, and the branch coupling line 6 is used for forming a common mode signal and a differential mode signal and feeding the common mode signal and the differential mode signal to the common body patch radiator in a coupling mode through the two coupling gaps.
As shown in fig. 1A, the two coupling slots 41 and 42 are projected on the common body patch radiator and are respectively located in two symmetric regions divided by the longest diagonal line as the symmetric axis. The branch coupling line 6 can thus split the electromagnetic signal of the first feed port into two common-mode signals of equal amplitude and in phase and couple into the coupling slot 41 and the coupling slot 42, and can split the electromagnetic signal of the second feed port into two differential-mode signals of equal amplitude and opposite phase and couple into the coupling slot 41 and the coupling slot 42.
According to the coupling feed mode of coupling the coupling gap to the common body patch radiator, the feed end does not need to be in direct contact with the common body patch radiator, so that the problem that the feed mode of the electronic equipment with a three-section structure, namely a mainboard, a metal middle frame and a rear cover, is complex is solved.
In addition, compared with a direct feeding mode, the coupling feeding mode can also realize the area miniaturization of the common patch radiator.
Referring to fig. 1C, fig. 1C shows resonant frequencies generated when common mode signals and differential mode signals excite the common bulk patch radiator when different feeding methods are used. In fig. 1C, when the direct feed mode is adopted, the common mode resonant frequency generated by the common mode signal excited common bulk patch radiator is 5.9GHz, and the differential mode resonant frequency generated by the differential mode signal excited common bulk patch radiator is 6.2 GHz; when the coupling feed mode is adopted, the common mode resonance frequency generated by exciting the common body patch radiator by the common mode signal is 5.4GHz, and the differential mode resonance frequency generated by exciting the common body patch radiator by the differential mode signal is 5.6 GHz. Therefore, under the condition that the sizes of the common body patch radiators are the same, the resonance frequency obtained by adopting the coupling feeding mode is lower than that obtained by adopting the direct feeding mode. The resonant frequency of the common patch radiator is inversely proportional to the area of the common patch radiator, that is, if the resonant frequency obtained by the coupling feed method is the same as the resonant frequency obtained by the direct feed method, the area of the common patch radiator used in the coupling feed method is smaller than the area of the common patch radiator used in the coupling feed method.
The line of the branch coupling line 6 is not limited in the present application, as long as the electromagnetic signal of the first feeding port can be divided into two common-mode signals with equal amplitude and in phase, and the electromagnetic signal of the second feeding port can be divided into two differential-mode signals with equal amplitude and opposite phase.
In one implementation, as shown in fig. 1D, the branch coupling line 6 is attached to the surface of the second dielectric substrate 5 to form multiple sections of metal microstrip lines, including a first feed Port1, a second feed Port2, a first microstrip line 61, a second microstrip line 62, a third microstrip line 63, a fourth microstrip line 64, a fifth microstrip line 65, a sixth microstrip line 66, a seventh microstrip line 67, and an eighth microstrip line 68; the first end of the first microstrip line 61 is connected with a first feed Port1, and the first end of the third microstrip line 63 and the first end of the fifth microstrip line 65 are both connected with the second end of the first microstrip line 61; a first end of the second microstrip line 62 is connected to a second feed Port2, and a second end of the fifth microstrip line 65 and a first end of the fourth microstrip line 64 are both connected to a second end of the second microstrip line 62; a first end of the seventh microstrip line 67 and a first end of the sixth microstrip line 66 are both connected to a second end of the third microstrip line 63, wherein the second end of the seventh microstrip line 67 is an open end; a first end of the eighth microstrip line 68 and a second end of the sixth microstrip line 66 are both connected to a second end of the fourth microstrip line 64, where the second end of the eighth microstrip line 68 is an open end; the difference between the length of the seventh microstrip line 67 and the length of the eighth microstrip line 68 is a quarter wavelength of the resonant frequency of the common bulk patch radiator, and the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 are configured to divide the electromagnetic signal of the first feed Port1 into two common-mode signals with equal amplitude and in-phase, and divide the electromagnetic signal of the second feed Port2 into two differential-mode signals with equal amplitude and opposite phase.
The lengths of the third microstrip line 63, the fourth microstrip line 64, the fifth microstrip line 65 and the sixth microstrip line 66 may be a quarter wavelength of the resonant frequency of the common body patch radiator, and the widths of the first microstrip line 61, the second microstrip line 62, the fifth microstrip line 65, the sixth microstrip line 66, the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 may be set to have an impedance of 48-52 ohms, for example, an impedance of 50 ohms; the third microstrip line 63 and the fourth microstrip line 64 may each have a width set at an impedance of the microstrip line of 34-37 ohms, for example, an impedance of 35.4 ohms, for better impedance matching.
Taking the case that the resonant frequency of the common bulk patch radiator meets the WIFI 5G frequency requirement as an example, the first microstrip line 61, the second microstrip line 62, the fifth microstrip line 65, the sixth microstrip line 66, the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 have a width h 1 All the microstrip lines can be set to be 1mm, so that the impedance of the microstrip lines is about 50 ohms; a third microstrip line 63 and a fourth microstrip line 64 having a width h 2 Can be set to be 1.93mm, so that the impedance of the microstrip line is about 35.4 ohms. The lengths of the third and fourth microstrip lines 63 and 64 may be 9mm, and the lengths of the fifth and sixth microstrip lines 65 and 66 may be 6.7 mm. The seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 may be bent, for example: the seventh microstrip line 67 sequentially extends from the first end to a direction away from the sixth microstrip line 67 by c 1 (c 1 2mm) extending in a direction away from the eighth microstrip line 68 2 (c 2 2.7mm) extending in a direction away from the sixth microstrip line 66 3 (c 3 10mm), and extends c in a direction approaching the eighth microstrip line 68 4 (c 4 8.9 mm); the eighth microstrip line 68 sequentially extends from the first end thereof in a direction c away from the sixth microstrip line 66 5 (c 5 2mm) extending in a direction away from the eighth microstrip line 68 6 (c 6 2mm) extending in a direction away from the sixth microstrip line 66 7 (c 7 4mm) extending in a direction approaching the seventh microstrip line 67 8 (c 8 ＝8.3mm)。
Referring to fig. 1E to 1H, fig. 1E shows a common-mode signal amplitude obtained at the open ends of the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 when the first feed Port1 feeds, fig. 1F shows a common-mode signal phase obtained at the open ends of the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 when the first feed Port1 feeds, fig. 1G shows a differential-mode signal amplitude obtained at the open ends of the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 when the second feed Port2 feeds, and fig. 1H shows a differential-mode signal phase obtained at the open ends of the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 when the second feed Port2 feeds. As can be seen from fig. 1E and 1F, when the first feed Port1 feeds, the open ends of the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 obtain common-mode signals with equal amplitude and in phase; as can be seen from fig. 1G and 1H, when the second feed Port2 feeds power, the open ends of the seventh microstrip line 67 and the eighth microstrip line 68 obtain differential mode signals with equal amplitude and opposite phase.
The structure of the common body patch radiator 1 in the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2A to 2C, the shape of the common patch radiator 1 in the present application is an N-sided polygon, where N is an even number equal to or greater than 6, for example, the common patch radiator 1 may be a hexagonal metal radiator or an octagon, a decagon, a dodecagon, etc. formed by symmetrically cutting the hexagonal metal radiator, and the case where the common patch radiator 1 is a hexagonal structure will be described below as an example.
As shown in fig. 2A, the common patch radiator 1 includes a longest diagonal line, and the common patch radiator 1 is axisymmetric with the longest diagonal line as a symmetry axis and axisymmetric with a perpendicular bisector of the longest diagonal line as a symmetry axis, wherein the perpendicular bisector of the longest diagonal line refers to a length cut on the common patch radiator 1. That is to say, the common body patch radiator 1 in this application is symmetrical about the longest diagonal line as the symmetry axis, and is symmetrical about the perpendicular bisector of the longest diagonal line as the symmetry axis. The length of the hexagonal common body patch radiator in the direction parallel to the longest diagonal is larger than the length of the hexagonal common body patch radiator in the direction perpendicular to the longest diagonal.
The present application adopts a hexagonal shape having one longest diagonal line, which can increase the electrical connection size of the common patch radiator 1 and the ground plate 4, and for convenience of description, the electrical connection size of the common patch radiator 1 and the ground plate 4 will be referred to as a ground size hereinafter. As shown in fig. 2A, the first region of the coplanar patch radiator is electrically connected to the ground plane 4 through the floor connector 2, where the first region refers to a region where the floor connector 2 is electrically connected to the coplanar patch radiator along the longest diagonal of the coplanar patch radiator, and may also be understood as a region where the longest diagonal of the coplanar patch radiator is located.
The applicant has found that the ground size and shape of the common body patch radiator 1 has a different effect on the resonant frequency of the common mode signal and the differential mode signal. Hereinafter, the resonance frequency generated when the common patch radiator has different ground sizes and shapes will be described. For convenience of description, a resonant frequency generated by the common mode signal exciting the common patch radiator is referred to as a common mode resonant frequency, and a resonant frequency generated by the differential mode signal exciting the common patch radiator is referred to as a differential mode resonant frequency.
Referring to fig. 2D to 2F, fig. 2D is a simulation diagram of the variation of the S parameter with frequency when the ground size of the hexagonal common patch radiator in fig. 2A is 25mm, fig. 2E is a simulation diagram of the variation of the S parameter with frequency when the ground size of the rectangular common patch radiator is 9mm, and fig. 2F is a simulation diagram of the variation of the S parameter with frequency when the ground size of the rectangular common patch radiator is 25 mm. In fig. 2D to 2F, S11 represents a reflection coefficient curve corresponding to the common mode signal formed by the first feed port exciting the common bulk patch radiator, and S22 represents a reflection coefficient curve corresponding to the differential mode signal formed by the second feed port exciting the common bulk patch radiator. As shown in fig. 2D, when the common patch radiator is a hexagon and the grounding size is 25mm, the common mode resonant frequency is 5.42GHz, the differential mode resonant frequency is 5.60GHz, and the relative frequency difference is 3%, where the relative frequency difference is calculated by the following relation: relative frequency difference of 2 (f) DM -f CM )/(f DM +f CM )，f CM Representing common mode resonance frequency, f DM Representing the differential mode resonant frequency. As shown in fig. 2E, when the common patch radiator is rectangular and the grounding dimension is 9mm, the common mode resonant frequency is 5.02GHz, the differential mode resonant frequency is 5.55GHz, and the relative frequency difference is 10%; as shown in fig. 2F, when the common patch radiator is rectangular and the grounding dimension is 25mm, the common mode resonant frequency is 5.15GHz, the differential mode resonant frequency is 5.50GHz, and the relative frequency difference is 7%.
In summary, when the common patch radiators with the same shape are adopted, the larger the grounding size is, the smaller the relative frequency difference is; when the same grounding size is adopted, the relative frequency difference of the hexagonal common body patch radiator is smaller than that of the rectangular common body patch radiator. Therefore, the hexagonal common patch radiator is adopted in the application, the relative frequency difference can reach 3%, and it needs to be explained that when the relative frequency difference reaches 3%, the common mode resonance frequency of the common patch radiator is basically consistent with the differential mode resonance frequency, that is, the application only uses one hexagonal common patch radiator to realize the function of the dual antenna.
Taking the resonant frequency of the common bulk patch radiator satisfying the frequency requirement of WIFI 5G as an example, as shown in fig. 2A, the length d of the first side of the hexagonal common bulk patch radiator 1 Is 9mm, the length d of the second side of the common body patch radiator 2 Is 10.3mm, the second side of the coplanar patch radiator and the included angle theta between the longest diagonal are 141 degrees, wherein the first side is the side parallel to the longest diagonal, and the second side is the side adjacent to the first side. The coplanar patch radiator shown in fig. 2B is an octagonal coplanar patch radiator formed by chamfering four corners of the hexagonal coplanar patch radiator shown in fig. 2A, wherein the chamfer dimension is d 3 ＝4.5mm，d 4 4.7 mm. The coplanar patch radiator shown in fig. 2C is a decagonal coplanar patch radiator formed by cutting corners at four corners of the hexagonal coplanar patch radiator shown in fig. 2A, wherein the cutting corner has a size d 5 ＝2.28mm，d 6 ＝3.34mm。
The structure of the first dielectric substrate 3 and the second dielectric substrate 5 in the present application will be further described with reference to the drawings.
The common body patch radiator 1 is attached to the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 3, and the second surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 is attached to the ground plate 4.
As shown in fig. 1A and fig. 2A, a floor connector 4 is embedded in the first dielectric substrate 3, and the floor connector 4 is used to electrically connect the common body patch radiator 1 and the ground plate. The floor connector 2 penetrates through the thickness direction of the first dielectric substrate 3, wherein the floor connector 2 exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 contacts the common patch radiator 1 along the longest diagonal of the common patch radiator, and the floor connector 2 exposed on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 contacts the ground plane 4, that is, the contact size between the floor connector 2 and the common patch radiator 1 is the ground size in the above embodiment. Therefore, in the present application, the floor connecting member 2 is linear and is matched with the longest diagonal length of the body patch radiator 1, so that the floor connecting member 2 exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 is in contact with the longest diagonal length of the body patch radiator 1, thereby realizing the largest grounding size.
The form of the floor connecting member 4 is not limited in the present application, and in one implementation, the floor connecting member 4 is a continuous strip metal connecting member, the length of the continuous strip connecting member is substantially the same as the length of the longest diagonal of the common patch radiator 1, and the portion of the continuous strip connecting member exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 is in contact with the common patch radiator 1 along the longest diagonal of the common patch radiator.
In another implementation, the floor connecting member 4 is a linear metal through hole array formed by arranging a plurality of metal through holes 21 in a linear array. Each metal through hole 21 penetrates through the first dielectric substrate 3, wherein the metal through hole 21 exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 is in contact with the common patch radiator 1 and the common patch radiator 1 along the longest diagonal line of the common patch radiator, and the metal through hole 21 exposed on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate 3 is in contact with the ground plate 4. The cross section of the metal through hole 21 may be regular or irregular, for example, the cross section of the metal through hole 21 is circular, square or triangular. The plurality of metal through holes 21 may be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed, which is not limited in the present application. The size of the metal through hole 21 can be set according to practical application scenarios, for example, the cross section of the metal through hole 21 is circular, and the aperture r of the metal through hole 21 1 Is 1mm, and the distance r between two adjacent metal through holes 21 2 Is 2 mm.
A first surface of the second dielectric substrate 5 is attached to the ground plane and a second surface of the second dielectric substrate 5 is used for attaching the branch coupling line 6. The material and size of the second dielectric substrate 5 and the first dielectric substrate 3 are not limited, for example, the length and width of the first dielectric substrate 3 are both 50mm, the thickness is 2mm, the relative dielectric constant is 3.15, and the loss tangent is 0.0092; the second dielectric substrate 5 had a length and a width of 50mm, a thickness of 0.5mm, a relative dielectric constant of 4.3, and a loss tangent of 0.01.
The structure of the ground plate 4 in the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the ground plane 4 is different for different feeding modes.
As shown in fig. 1A and fig. 2A, if a coupling feeding manner is adopted, two coupling slots 41 and 42 are carved on the ground plane 4, the two coupling slots are symmetrically arranged in parallel at two sides of the longest diagonal line of the common body patch radiator, and the longest diagonal line of the common body patch radiator is taken as a dividing line, so that the common body patch radiator 1 can be divided into two symmetrical regions, wherein the two coupling slots 41 and 42 are respectively located in the two symmetrical regions of the common body patch radiator 1. Thus, when feeding the common mode signal, the seventh microstrip line 67 may feed one of the two common mode signals to one symmetric region of the common bulk patch radiator 1 through the coupling slot 42, and the eighth microstrip line 68 may feed one of the two common mode signals to the other symmetric region of the common bulk patch radiator 1 through the coupling slot 41; likewise, when feeding differential mode signals, the seventh microstrip line 67 may feed one of the two differential mode signals to one symmetric region of the common bulk patch radiator 1 through the coupling slot 42, and the eighth microstrip line 68 may feed one of the two differential mode signals to the other symmetric region of the common bulk patch radiator 1 through the coupling slot 41. So that common mode signals and differential mode signals are radiated by the common body patch radiator 1.
The size of the coupling gap is not limited in this application, for example, the length s of the coupling gap 1 9mm, width s 2 Position 1.5mm, distance s between coupling gap and center of floor connecting piece 2 3 Is 2.75 mm.
The technical effect of the present application will be further explained in conjunction with simulation tests.
A simulation test was performed by taking the common patch antenna with complementary patterns shown in fig. 1A as an example. The common patch antenna with complementary directional diagrams in fig. 1A adopts a coupling feed mode, the common patch radiator is of a hexagonal structure, the grounding size of the common patch radiator is 25mm, and the length d of the first side edge of the common patch radiator 1 Is 9mm, the length d of the second side of the common body patch radiator 2 10.3mm, the second side of common body patch radiator with the contained angle theta between the longest diagonal is 141.
Referring to fig. 3A, fig. 3A is a simulation diagram of the variation of the S parameter with frequency. S11 represents a reflection coefficient curve corresponding to a common-mode signal formed by the first feed port when the common-mode signal excites the common-mode patch radiator, S22 represents a reflection coefficient curve corresponding to a differential-mode signal formed by the second feed port when the common-mode patch radiator is excited, and S21 represents an isolation between the first feed port and the second feed port. As can be seen from fig. 3A, the common mode resonant frequency and the differential mode resonant frequency are both around 5.5GHz, and the isolation S21 of the two feed ports in the range of 5.2GHz to 5.8GHz is both below-18 dB, which indicates that the single common body patch radiator 1 realizes the dual antenna function of the common mode antenna and the differential mode antenna, and the isolation of the two common body antennas is also good.
Referring to fig. 3B, fig. 3B is a simulation diagram of the efficiency of the antenna system varying with frequency. As shown in fig. 3B, when the first feeding port and the second feeding port respectively feed, the antenna systems with the common-mode resonant frequency and the differential-mode resonant frequency in the range of 5.2GHz to 5.8GHz have higher efficiency, which indicates that the energy of the common-mode antenna and the energy of the differential-mode antenna are both radiated well.
Referring to fig. 3C, fig. 3C is a simulation diagram of ECC variation with frequency. First, when the ECC between the antennas is less than 0.2, it is described that the MIMO performance between the antennas is good. As can be seen from fig. 3C, the ECC between the two antennas of the common mode antenna and the differential mode antenna is less than 0.02 in the range of 5.2GHz to 5.8GHz, indicating that the MIMO performance between the two antennas is very good.
Referring to fig. 3D, fig. 3D (a) is a current distribution diagram of the common bulk patch radiator 1 when the first feeding port feeds, and fig. 3D (b) is a current distribution diagram of the common bulk patch radiator 1 when the second feeding port feeds. As shown in fig. 3D, when the first feeding port feeds, the current of the common bulk patch radiator 1 is a common mode current with symmetric upper and lower currents, and when the second feeding port feeds, the current of the common bulk patch radiator 1 is a differential mode current with anti-symmetric upper and lower currents. This also confirms that the common body patch radiator 1 can perform the dual antenna function of the common mode antenna and the differential mode antenna.
Referring to fig. 3E, fig. 3E shows a directional diagram of the hybrid patch antenna when (a) is feeding through the first feeding port, and fig. 3E shows a directional diagram of the hybrid patch antenna when (b) is feeding through the second feeding port. As can be seen from (a) in fig. 3E, when the first feeding port feeds power, the common patch antenna realizes the common mode antenna function, and the corresponding electromagnetic waves radiate toward the peripheral direction; as can be seen from fig. 3E (b), when the second feeding port feeds power, the common patch antenna realizes the function of a differential mode antenna, and the corresponding electromagnetic wave radiates in the upward direction. Therefore, the common mode antenna pattern and the differential mode antenna pattern fed by the two feeding ports respectively have complementary characteristics.
With continued reference to fig. 3F and fig. 3G, fig. 3F is a directional diagram corresponding to the hexagonal common patch radiator 1 in the simulation experiment replaced with the octagonal common patch radiator 1 in fig. 2B, and fig. 3G is a directional diagram corresponding to the decagonal common patch radiator 1 in fig. 2C replaced with the hexagonal common patch radiator 1 in the simulation experiment. As can be seen from fig. 3F (a), when the first feeding port feeds, the common-mode patch antenna realizes the common-mode antenna function, and the corresponding electromagnetic waves radiate in the peripheral direction; as can be seen from fig. 3F (b), when the second feeding port feeds power, the common patch antenna realizes the function of a differential mode antenna, and the corresponding electromagnetic wave is radiated toward the upper side. As can be seen from fig. 3G (a), when the first feeding port feeds, the common-mode patch antenna realizes the common-mode antenna function, and the corresponding electromagnetic waves radiate in the circumferential direction; as can be seen from fig. 3G (b), when the second feeding port feeds power, the common patch antenna realizes the differential mode antenna function, and the corresponding electromagnetic wave is radiated in the upward direction. Therefore, when the octagonal and decagonal coplanar patch radiator 1 is adopted, the common mode antenna directional diagram and the differential mode antenna directional diagram fed by the two feeding ports respectively still have complementary characteristics.
In summary, the simulation structure shows that the common patch antenna with complementary directional patterns of the present application realizes the function of a dual antenna by using only one common patch radiator, the common patch radiator may be in a hexagonal metal structure or a polygonal metal structure formed by chamfering on the basis of the hexagonal metal structure, and when two feeding ports respectively feed, the common mode signal and the differential mode signal have similar resonant frequencies, and have the characteristics of high isolation, low ECC and complementary directional patterns.
The common patch antenna with the complementary directional diagram can be applied to any electronic equipment with a wireless communication function, and the electronic equipment can be a personal computer, a tablet, a mobile phone, a router and the like, and is not limited by the application.
In one implementation, the coupled feeding scheme of the complementary directional diagram common patch antenna can be applied to an electronic device, such as a mobile phone or a tablet, having a three-section structure of "motherboard-metal middle frame-rear cover". As shown in fig. 4A and fig. 4B, the electronic device includes a main board 8, a metal middle frame 9 and a back cover 10, where the main board 8 may serve as a second dielectric substrate, the metal middle frame 9 may serve as a ground plane, the back cover may serve as a first dielectric substrate, the common patch radiator may be attached to an outer side of the back cover 10, two coupling gaps are constructed by using the metal middle frame 9, and the branch coupling line may be disposed on the main board 8. Therefore, the problem that the feeding form of the electronic equipment with a three-section structure of a main board, a metal middle frame and a rear cover is complex is solved by a gap coupling feeding mode of the metal middle frame 9; and common mode signals and differential mode signals of the common body patch radiator are respectively excited, only one common body patch radiator can be used as two antennas, and the antenna has the characteristics of high isolation, low ECC (error correction code) and complementary directional diagrams. Therefore, the common body patch antenna with complementary directional patterns can be used as a MIMO common body antenna pair on the electronic equipment.
In another implementation, a co-body patch antenna with complementary patterns may be applied to a router. As shown in fig. 4C, fig. 4C is a top view of the cylindrical router. The router is provided with two complementary common patch antennas of the directional diagrams, the two complementary common patch antennas of the directional diagrams are symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the cylindrical router as a symmetry axis, and the common patch radiators are arranged towards the side wall direction of the cylindrical router. As can be seen from the dotted line in fig. 4C, the common patch radiator is used in the router, so that the directional pattern reconfigurable characteristic is realized, and four high-gain directional patterns can be switched by using two antennas, thereby covering a 360-degree range and reducing the number of antennas by half.
The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A common body patch antenna with complementary directional diagrams is characterized by comprising a feed structure, a common body patch radiator, a first dielectric substrate and a grounding plate, wherein the common body patch radiator, the first dielectric substrate and the grounding plate are sequentially stacked;
the coplanar patch radiator is N-sided, N is an even number greater than or equal to 6, and the coplanar patch radiator is axisymmetric with the longest diagonal line as a symmetry axis and axisymmetric with the perpendicular bisector of the diagonal line as the symmetry axis;
a floor connecting piece is embedded in the first dielectric substrate, wherein the floor connecting piece exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate is electrically connected with the common patch radiating body along the diagonal line of the common patch radiating body, and the floor connecting piece exposed on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate is electrically connected with the ground plate;
the feed structure is located on one side of the grounding plate far away from the first dielectric substrate and used for feeding common-mode signals and differential-mode signals to symmetrical areas on two sides of the diagonal line in the common-body patch radiator.
2. The complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed structure comprises a second dielectric substrate and a branch coupling line;
the grounding plate is attached between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, two coupling gaps are carved on the grounding plate, and the two coupling gaps are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the diagonal line of the common body patch radiator in parallel;
the branch coupling line is attached to one side, far away from the ground plate, of the second dielectric substrate and used for forming a common mode signal and a differential mode signal, and the common mode signal and the differential mode signal are fed to the common body patch radiator in a coupling mode through the two coupling gaps.
3. The complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed structure comprises a second dielectric substrate and a branch coupling line;
the grounding plate is attached between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, two avoidance holes are carved in the grounding plate, and the avoidance holes are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the diagonal line of the common body patch radiator;
the branch coupling line is attached to one side, far away from the ground plate, of the second medium substrate, and sequentially penetrates through the second medium substrate, the avoiding hole and the first medium substrate through the two probes connected with the branch coupling line to be in contact with the common body patch radiator.
4. The complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the branch coupling line comprises a first feed port, a second feed port, a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, a fourth microstrip line, a fifth microstrip line, a sixth microstrip line, a seventh microstrip line and an eighth microstrip line;
the first end of the first microstrip line is connected with the first feed port, and the first end of the third microstrip line and the first end of the fifth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the first microstrip line;
the first end of the second microstrip line is connected with a second feed port, and the second end of the fifth microstrip line and the first end of the fourth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the second microstrip line;
the first end of the seventh microstrip line and the first end of the sixth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the third microstrip line, wherein the second end of the seventh microstrip line is an open end;
the first end of the eighth microstrip line and the second end of the sixth microstrip line are both connected with the second end of the fourth microstrip line, wherein the second end of the eighth microstrip line is an open end;
the difference value between the length of the seventh microstrip line and the length of the eighth microstrip line is one quarter wavelength of the resonant frequency of the common body patch radiator; the seventh microstrip line and the eighth microstrip line are configured to divide the electromagnetic signal of the first feed port into two common-mode signals with equal amplitude and in phase, and to divide the electromagnetic signal of the second feed port into two differential-mode signals with equal amplitude and opposite phase.
5. The complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna of claim 4, wherein the first, second, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth microstrip each has a width that satisfies 48-52 ohms of impedance, and the third and fourth microstrip each has a width that satisfies 34-37 ohms of impedance.
6. The complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the ground plane connection is formed by a plurality of metal vias arranged in a linear array, each of the metal vias penetrating through the first dielectric substrate, wherein the metal vias exposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate contact the co-bulk patch radiator along the diagonal of the co-bulk patch radiator, and the metal vias exposed on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate contact the ground plane.
7. The complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the floor connector is a unitary continuous strip metal connector.
8. An electronic device comprising a complementary pattern co-bulk patch antenna according to any of claims 1-7.
9. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein the electronic device is a cylindrical structure, and the complementary directional pattern co-bulk patch antenna is disposed on a sidewall of the cylindrical structure symmetrically about a central axis of the cylindrical structure, wherein the co-bulk patch radiator is disposed toward the sidewall of the cylindrical structure.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a main board, a metal middle frame and a rear cover which are connected in sequence, and the electronic device adopts the common body patch antenna with complementary directional patterns as claimed in claim 2;
the first dielectric substrate in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional diagram is the rear cover, the ground plate in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional diagram is the metal middle frame, the second dielectric substrate in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional diagram is a main board, the common patch radiator in the common patch antenna with the complementary directional diagram is attached to the outer side face of the rear cover, and the metal middle frame is provided with the two coupling gaps; the branch coupling line is disposed on the main board.
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