CN113484349B - Design method of fixed sleeve device for simulating bird-beaten feather filter foam - Google Patents
Design method of fixed sleeve device for simulating bird-beaten feather filter foam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113484349B CN113484349B CN202110744784.9A CN202110744784A CN113484349B CN 113484349 B CN113484349 B CN 113484349B CN 202110744784 A CN202110744784 A CN 202110744784A CN 113484349 B CN113484349 B CN 113484349B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
A design method of a fixed sleeve device for simulating a bird-beaten feather filter bulb belongs to the technical field of bionic design. It comprises the following steps: 1. drawing a feather root section view of the bird feather by taking the feather root of the bird feather as a bionic prototype; 2. fitting an equation of a feather root bus through a curve equation, and extracting the bending degree of the feather root; 3. drawing a three-dimensional perspective view of a bird-beaten feather root by utilizing three-dimensional modeling, and drawing a three-dimensional perspective view of a fixed sleeve device imitating bird-beaten feather follicles by taking the three-dimensional perspective view of the bird-beaten feather root as a basis; 4. and selecting an elastic metal material to manufacture the fixed sleeve device. The invention takes the feather root of the bird feather as the basis to fix the appearance design of the sleeve device, the bionic feather is embedded into the sleeve device, the sleeve device can control a plurality of degrees of freedom of the motion of the bionic feather, ensure that the bionic feather is firmly fixed on the wing and is not easy to slip and drop, and provide preconditions for better control of flight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bionic design, and particularly relates to a design method of a fixed sleeve device for simulating a bird-beaten feather filter bulb.
Background
Unmanned aerial vehicle has advantages such as higher flexibility, and all countries all are doing research and development to unmanned aerial vehicle technique, and unmanned aerial vehicle is important to improve its flexibility when the design. The wing is used as a core component for the unmanned aerial vehicle to complete the flying action, and the improvement of the working efficiency of the wing plays an important role in improving the performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
According to the Darwin's theory of evolution, birds in nature have evolved over billions of years, and the winters are eliminated, so that the birds continuously adapt to environmental changes, the body structures of the birds are also continuously evolved, and particularly the birds are wings of vital body parts, and the structure of the birds is almost perfect. The bird with high efficiency, maneuverability and stability can fly in complex environment, and the bird with high feather is an important structure for completing flying action. The feathers are regularly distributed on the surface of the raging fowl body in one direction, so that the resistance during flying can be reduced; the opening, closing and rotating of the feathers can realize the control of the flight path. Therefore, the bird-flying feather is taken as a bionic prototype, and the motion mechanism of the bird-flying feather is applied to the bionic aircraft, so that an important reference value is provided for the research of the bionic aircraft.
Scientists have long begun to study the structure of the bird feathers. However, with the deep research, in microscopic aspects, the optical microscope is not capable of meeting the research requirement, and other technical means are gradually applied to the bird fleeting research, such as a scanning electron microscope, to observe the microstructure of the feathers. However, no design of the bionic feather fixing sleeve device exists. The invention models the root part of the flying bird feather, and designs a bionic feather fixing sleeve device, namely a bionic follicular, used on a bionic aircraft.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a design method of a fixed sleeve device for simulating a bird-fizzing filter bubble, which can be used for designing a fixed device for simulating the bird-fizzing filter bubble of an aircraft.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a design method of a fixed sleeve device for simulating a bird-beaten feather follicular is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, drawing a root section view of a bird feather by taking the root of the bird feather as a bionic prototype;
step 2, extracting the bending degree of the feather root, fitting an equation of a feather root bus by using a curve formula, carrying out three-dimensional modeling based on the fitted equation, and drawing a three-dimensional perspective view of the feather root of the bird;
step 3, drawing a three-dimensional perspective view of a fixed sleeve with the same shape as the feather root on the basis of the three-dimensional perspective view of the feather root;
and 4, selecting an elastic metal material as a manufacturing material of the fixed sleeve device, and manufacturing the fixed sleeve device based on the three-dimensional perspective view of the fixed sleeve device drawn in the step 3.
The design method of the fixed sleeve device for simulating the bird-flying feather filter bubble is characterized in that the step 1 comprises the following specific steps:
1.1, carrying out three-dimensional point cloud scanning on the feather roots by using a three-dimensional scanner to obtain three-dimensional surface point cloud data of the feather roots;
1.2, determining and selecting the two-dimensional cross section position of the feather root, and obtaining the two-dimensional cross section point cloud of the feather root, wherein the specific process is as follows: taking the tail end of the bottom of the feather root as a vertex, respectively selecting a plurality of sections at positions upwards, and obtaining a feather root two-dimensional point cloud at the corresponding section through the selected sections of the obtained feather root three-dimensional point cloud;
1.3, fitting the shape of the feather root by using a geometric formula according to the obtained point cloud of the two-dimensional cross section of the feather root, wherein the two-dimensional cross section is elliptical, and combining an ellipse equation:
and in a rectangular coordinate system xOy, placing the major axis (2 a) of the ellipse on the y axis, and placing the minor axis (2 b) on the x axis to obtain a plurality of two-dimensional elliptical cross sections with different major and minor axes, determining the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross sections according to the two-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning, and further determining the two-dimensional cross section shape of the feather root.
The design method of the fixed sleeve device for simulating the bird-beaten feather filter bubble is characterized in that in the step 2, the bending degree of the feather root is extracted, and the specific process of using a curve formula to fit the equation of the feather root bus is as follows: taking the distance from the cross section of the feather root to the tail end of the feather root as an x coordinate, taking the end point of the long axis as a y coordinate, fitting a bus curve by using MATLAB, and selecting the line as a smooth spline line.
The design method of the fixed sleeve device for simulating the bird flying feather filter bubble is characterized by setting an equation f (x) of a feather root bus, taking the distance between a cross section and the tail end of the feather root as an x coordinate, taking a long axis endpoint as a y coordinate, fitting a curve by using MATLAB, and selecting a smooth spline line as a line, wherein the equation f (x) is a piecewise polynomial calculated by a p value, and p= 0.0054186007.
The design method of the fixed sleeve device for simulating the bird-flyer feather filter bubble is characterized in that in the step 2, the specific process of three-dimensional modeling based on the fitted equation is as follows: and (3) under the three-dimensional xyz coordinate, placing the fitted plume generating line curve under the yOz coordinate, placing all long diameters of the plurality of elliptical cross sections obtained in the step (1.3) in the z direction, placing all short diameters in the x direction, sequentially arranging all cross sections on the y axis, namely, sequentially connecting all elliptical cross sections in the xOz planes with different y coordinates by taking the fitted curve as a guide line, and drawing a plume three-dimensional perspective view.
The design method of the fixed sleeve device for simulating the bird-flyer feather filter bubble is characterized in that the elastic metal material in the step 4 is high manganese steel, and the manganese content in the high manganese steel is more than 13%.
By adopting the technology, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention takes the feather root of the bird feather as the basis to fix the appearance design of the sleeve device, the bionic feather is embedded into the sleeve device, the sleeve device can control a plurality of degrees of freedom of the motion of the bionic feather, ensure that the bionic feather is firmly fixed on the wing and is not easy to slip and drop, and provide preconditions for better control of flight.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a complete feather of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the fitted plume curvature of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bionic plume structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a feather fixing sleeve device imitating a follicular orifice of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an isometric view of the inventive plume embedded within a fixed sleeve at a first depth position;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure in the direction A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the inventive plume embedded in the fixed sleeve at a first depth position;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 7 in the direction B-B;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an isometric view of the inventive plume embedded within a retaining sleeve at a second depth position;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 9 taken along the direction C-C;
FIG. 11 is a schematic elevational view of the inventive plume embedded within the fixed sleeve at a second depth position;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure in the direction D-D in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an isometric view of the inventive plume embedded within a fixed sleeve at a third depth position;
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 13 in the direction E-E;
FIG. 15 is a schematic elevational view of the inventive plume embedded within the fixed sleeve at a third depth position;
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the F-F direction of FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an isometric view of the inventive plume embedded within a retaining sleeve at a fourth depth position;
FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the G-G direction of FIG. 15;
FIG. 19 is a schematic elevational view of the inventive plume embedded within the fixed sleeve at a fourth depth position;
fig. 20 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of fig. 15 in the direction H-H.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Further, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. The present invention will be fully understood by those skilled in the art without the details described herein.
Referring to fig. 1-20, a design method of a fixed sleeve device for simulating a bird-flying feather filter bulb, which takes a bird specimen with excellent maneuverability as a parent body and adopts three-dimensional scanning, curve fitting and three-dimensional modeling methods for design, comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Scanning a root specimen to obtain a three-dimensional outline point cloud of a root part:
cleaning specimen with biological alcohol, selecting root part (about 120mm long), tightly adhering the root part of strong fowl with the follicular, the lower part of the pinna is deeply inserted into a follicular cavity in the skin, which is a cavity sunk into the skin, so that the study of the bionic follicular must be started from the pinna. A prototype of the present invention simulating a bird fly is shown in fig. 1. And carrying out three-dimensional point cloud scanning on the feather roots by using a three-dimensional scanner to obtain three-dimensional surface point cloud data at the feather roots.
(2) Determining and selecting the position of a two-dimensional cross section of the feather root, and obtaining a two-dimensional cross section point cloud:
several two-dimensional cross-sectional point clouds with representative locations are selected. Taking the tail end of the bottom of the feather root as a vertex, respectively taking sections with the distances of 5mm, 16mm, 22mm, 30mm, 75mm, 95mm and 114mm upwards, and obtaining a two-dimensional point cloud at the sections by passing the obtained three-dimensional point cloud through the sections.
(3) Fitting a two-dimensional cross-sectional view:
and fitting the shape of the two-dimensional cross-section point cloud by using a geometric formula according to the obtained two-dimensional cross-section point cloud. Since the two-dimensional cross-section is elliptical, the ellipse equation is combined:
and in a rectangular coordinate system xOy, placing the long axis (2 a) of the ellipse on the y axis and the short axis (2 b) on the x axis, determining the long axis and the short axis of the elliptical cross section according to the two-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning, and further determining the two-dimensional cross section shape of the feather root.
The following table 1 gives the parameters of the root section fitting.
(4) Extracting the bending degree of the feather root, and fitting the bending degree of the feather root by using a curve formula:
a bus equation is fitted by a curve formula, and the plume bending degree is extracted: taking the distance between the cross section and the tail end of the feather root as an x coordinate, the long axis end point as a y coordinate, fitting a curve equation of the cross section by using MATLAB, and selecting the line as a smooth spline line, as shown in figure 2. The equation f (x) is a piecewise polynomial calculated from p values, where p= 0.0054186007.
(5) Carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the feather roots and drawing three-dimensional figures of the feather roots:
and (3) under the three-dimensional xyz coordinate, placing the curve fitted in the step (4) under the yOz coordinate, placing all long diameters of the elliptic section in the z direction, placing all short diameters in the x direction, and sequentially arranging all sections on the y axis, namely, arranging all elliptic planes in xOz planes with different y coordinates. And (3) sequentially connecting all sections by taking the fitted curve as a guide line, drawing a three-dimensional perspective view of the feather root, and enabling the connected bionic feather root structure to have a smooth outer curved surface as shown in fig. 3.
(6) Drawing a simulated follicular fixed sleeve device:
taking the appearance structure of the bionic feather as a basis, designing a sleeve structure with the same shape, namely a feather fixing sleeve device arranged on a wing, as shown in fig. 4. The sleeve structure also has smooth inner curved surface and outer curved surface, so that the bionic feather can be tightly embedded into the sleeve structure, and the sleeve structure is favorable for fixing the bionic feather.
(7) Combining the bionic feather drawn in the step (5) and the bionic follicular drawn in the step (6), and gradually embedding the bionic feather into the bionic follicular fixing sleeve device, as shown in fig. 5-20, the combined isometric view, the front view and the sectional view of the same positions of the two in different depths (namely, the first depth, the second depth, the third depth and the fourth depth positions of the feather embedded into the fixing sleeve) of the feather embedding sleeve are shown. The cross-section B-B of FIG. 7 is the cross-section 7, the cross-section D-D of FIG. 11 is the cross-section 6, the cross-section F-F of FIG. 15 is the cross-section 4, and the cross-section H-H of FIG. 19 is the cross-section 2.
(8) High manganese steel is selected as a material of the fixed sleeve device. The high manganese steel has a manganese content of 13% or more, is hard and ductile, and can be easily processed into various shapes after heating. As metal, the high manganese steel has excellent hardness and toughness to be fixed on the wing and meets the fastening performance of the present invention.
TABLE 1
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A design method of a simulated beard and bird flyer follicular fixing sleeve device for fixing wing bionic feathers is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, drawing a root section view of a bird feather by taking the root of the bird feather as a bionic prototype;
step 2, extracting the bending degree of the feather root, fitting an equation of a feather root bus by using a curve formula, carrying out three-dimensional modeling based on the fitted equation, and drawing a three-dimensional perspective view of the feather root of the bird;
step 3, drawing a three-dimensional perspective view of a fixed sleeve with the same shape as the feather root on the basis of the three-dimensional perspective view of the feather root;
step 4, selecting an elastic metal material as a manufacturing material of the fixed sleeve device, and manufacturing the fixed sleeve device based on the three-dimensional perspective view of the fixed sleeve device drawn in the step 3; the fixed sleeve device has smooth inner curved surface and outer curved surface, so that the bionic feather can be tightly embedded into the fixed sleeve device, and the fixed sleeve device is beneficial to fixing the bionic feather.
2. The design method of the simulated bird flyer follicular fixing sleeve device for fixing the bionic feathers of the wings according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises the following specific steps:
1.1, carrying out three-dimensional point cloud scanning on the feather roots by using a three-dimensional scanner to obtain three-dimensional surface point cloud data of the feather roots;
1.2, determining and selecting the two-dimensional cross section position of the feather root, and obtaining the two-dimensional cross section point cloud of the feather root, wherein the specific process is as follows: taking the tail end of the bottom of the feather root as a vertex, respectively selecting a plurality of sections at positions upwards, and obtaining a feather root two-dimensional point cloud at the corresponding section through the selected sections of the obtained feather root three-dimensional point cloud;
1.3, fitting the shape of the feather root by using a geometric formula according to the obtained point cloud of the two-dimensional cross section of the feather root, wherein the two-dimensional cross section is elliptical, and combining an ellipse equation:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And in a rectangular coordinate system xOy, placing the long axis 2a of the ellipse on the y axis, placing the short axis 2b on the x axis to obtain a plurality of two-dimensional elliptical sections with different long and short axes, determining the long and short axes of the elliptical sections according to the two-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning, and further determining the two-dimensional section shape of the feather root.
3. The design method of the simulated bird flyer follicular fixing sleeve device for fixing the wing bionic feather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the root camber is extracted, and the specific process of the equation for fitting the root bus by using a curve equation is as follows: taking the distance from the cross section of the feather root to the tail end of the feather root as an x coordinate, taking the end point of the long axis as a y coordinate, fitting a bus curve by using MATLAB, and selecting the line as a smooth spline line.
4. The design method of the simulated bird flyer follicular fixing sleeve device for wing bionic feather fixing according to claim 1, wherein an equation f (x) of a feather root generatrix is set, a distance from a cross section to the tail end of the feather root is taken as an x coordinate, a long axis end point is taken as a y coordinate, a curve of the simulated bird flyer follicular fixing sleeve device is fitted by MATLAB, a smooth spline line is selected, and the equation f (x) is a piecewise polynomial calculated by p values, wherein p= 0.0054186007.
5. The design method of the simulated bird flyer follicular fixing sleeve device for fixing the wing bionic feather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the specific process of three-dimensional modeling based on the fitted equation is as follows: and (3) under the three-dimensional xyz coordinate, placing the fitted plume generating line curve under the yOz coordinate, placing all long diameters of the plurality of elliptical cross sections obtained in the step (1.3) in the z direction, placing all short diameters in the x direction, sequentially arranging all cross sections on the y axis, namely, sequentially connecting all elliptical cross sections in the xOz planes with different y coordinates by taking the fitted curve as a guide line, and drawing a plume three-dimensional perspective view.
6. The design method of the simulated raging bird flyer follicular fixing sleeve device for fixing the wing bionic feather according to claim 1, wherein the elastic metal material in the step 4 is high manganese steel, and the manganese content in the high manganese steel is more than 13%.
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| CN2285980Y (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-07-15 | 张桐安 | Bio-umbrella |
| CN105760635A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-07-13 | 吉林大学 | Bionic slat design method based on owl wings |
| CN105844034A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 刘雄飞 | Sparrow hawk wing section bionic method for blades of horizontal-axis wind turbines |
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| US9734638B2 (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2017-08-15 | Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd. | Three-dimensional modeling from single photographs |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2285980Y (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-07-15 | 张桐安 | Bio-umbrella |
| CN105844034A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 刘雄飞 | Sparrow hawk wing section bionic method for blades of horizontal-axis wind turbines |
| CN105760635A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-07-13 | 吉林大学 | Bionic slat design method based on owl wings |
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