CN113482738A - Wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft and production and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft and production and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113482738A CN113482738A CN202110847101.2A CN202110847101A CN113482738A CN 113482738 A CN113482738 A CN 113482738A CN 202110847101 A CN202110847101 A CN 202110847101A CN 113482738 A CN113482738 A CN 113482738A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006413 Prunus persica var. persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/001—Starting from powder comprising reducible metal compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft, wherein cobalt-based alloy rods are alternately embedded on the surface of the camshaft and distributed in an array manner, the proportion of the cobalt-based alloy rods on the surface of the camshaft is 60-80%, the cobalt-based alloy rods and a camshaft matrix are metallurgically bonded, lubricating holes are distributed around the cobalt-based alloy rods, and the cobalt-based alloy rods are formed by fusing and sintering cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder through plasma arc cladding; the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft prepared by the method has the advantages that the wear resistance of the surface of the camshaft is enhanced through the cobalt-based alloy rods distributed on the surface in an array mode, the lubricating holes distributed around the cobalt-based alloy rods are used as oil storage grooves, lubricating oil can be stored in the oil storage grooves during the working period of the camshaft, the lubricating environment of the camshaft can be improved under the condition of insufficient subsequent lubrication, the wear resistance and the lubricating property of the camshaft can be improved at the same time, and the service life of the camshaft is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of camshafts, and relates to a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft and a production and manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The camshaft is an important part in an engine gas distribution system, the rotation of the camshaft is driven by the crankshaft and is used for ensuring that an intake valve and an exhaust valve in each cylinder are normally opened and closed according to a certain time, ensuring that the engine fully ventilates, ensuring that the intake valve and the exhaust valve permanently keep the sealing performance of a combustion chamber and ensuring that the engine keeps good sustainability and dynamic performance, and the camshaft is also used for driving parts such as the combustion system.
At present, the materials selected for the camshaft commonly used at home and abroad are generally 20 steel, 45 steel, Cr20 and the like, and the performance of the camshaft has important significance for the performance and the service life of an engine. In the rotating process of the camshaft, the cam surface is influenced by periodically changed pressure stress, so that the cam lift surface is continuously subjected to periodic friction, once poor lubrication or abnormal working conditions occur, the problem of serious abrasion failure is very easily caused, and long-term production practice shows that the abrasion out-of-tolerance of the cam peach point and the nearby area is the main reason for causing the cam failure. The camshaft is divided into 3 parts: a cam, a shaft and a spindle head. The shaft neck is easy to generate abnormal wear due to insufficient working environment and a lubricating system; the cam shaft works under the environment of high pressure, vibration and periodic impact load, and the working surface of the cam is easy to generate severe friction and abrasion, so that the whole service life of the engine is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft, which solves the problem of failure of the existing camshaft caused by poor wear resistance and poor lubricating property.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft is characterized in that cobalt-based alloy rods are alternately embedded on the surface of the camshaft and distributed in an array manner, the ratio of the cobalt-based alloy rods on the surface of the camshaft is 60-80%, the cobalt-based alloy rods and a camshaft matrix are metallurgically bonded, and lubricating holes are distributed around the cobalt-based alloy rods.
The diameter of the cobalt-based alloy rod on the surface of the camshaft is 0.6-1.0 mm, the height of the cobalt-based alloy rod is 0.3-3 mm, and the distance between adjacent cobalt-based alloy rods is 0.1-0.2 mm.
The diameter of the lubricating holes is 0.04-0.06mm, the depth is 0.4-0.6mm, and the distance between adjacent lubricating holes is 0.05-0.15 mm.
The cobalt-based alloy rod is formed by cladding and sintering cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder through plasma arc, the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder is cobalt alloy powder or mixed powder formed by the cobalt alloy powder and WC ceramic particles, and the cobalt alloy powder is Co42A, Co42B, Co42C or Co50 powder.
The cobalt alloy powder with various grades comprises the following chemical components:
| number plate | C | Si | B | Cr | Ni | Fe | W | Co |
| Co42A | 0.7-1.4 | <2 | 1.0-1.2 | 25-32 | - | <5 | 3-6 | Balance of |
| Co42B | 0.9-1.5 | 2.5-3.2 | 1.2-1.4 | 18-24 | 14-16 | <6 | - | Balance of |
| Co42C | 0.9-1.5 | 2.5-3.2 | 1.2-2.5 | 18-24 | - | <6 | - | Balance of |
| Co50 | 0.7-1.4 | 3.5-4 | 2.0-3.5 | 18-20 | 26-30 | <12 | - | Balance of |
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the production and manufacturing method of the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out laser drilling on the surface of a camshaft matrix, wherein the drilled holes are distributed in an array manner, the diameter of each hole is 0.6-1.0 mm, and the surface proportion of each hole is 60-80%;
step 2, carrying out plasma arc cladding in the punched hole, enabling the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder to reach a powder feeding nozzle through a powder feeding pipeline under the action of protective gas flow, entering the hole through the powder feeding nozzle to carry out plasma arc cladding sintering, then putting the camshaft into a tubular atmosphere furnace to carry out in-situ sintering reaction, and after the filled cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder forms carbide through the in-situ reaction, forming a cobalt-based alloy rod by the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder in the hole on the surface of the camshaft;
step 3, punching holes around the cobalt-based alloy rod to obtain a camshaft preform;
and 4, grinding, polishing and chamfering the camshaft preform to obtain the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft.
The cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder is cobalt alloy powder or mixed powder formed by the cobalt alloy powder and WC ceramic particles, the mass percentage of the WC ceramic particles in the mixed powder is 5-20%, and the balance is the cobalt alloy powder, wherein the cobalt alloy powder is Co42A, Co42B, Co42C or Co50 powder.
In the step 1, laser drilling is carried out on the surface of the camshaft matrix, the depth of the holes is 0.3 mm-3 mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm.
In step 2, plasma arc cladding is carried out in the punched hole, cladding current is 10-150A, arc voltage is 10-50V, ion gas flow is 12-15L/h, and protection is carried outThe air flow is 2-4m3The powder feeding rate is 6-10 g/min.
And 2, putting the camshaft into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction at the sintering temperature of 900-1100 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 h, then putting the camshaft into lime for slow cooling for 1.5-3 h, taking out and air-cooling to room temperature.
And 3, punching holes around the cobalt-based alloy rod, wherein the diameter of each hole is 0.04-0.06mm, the depth of each hole is 0.4-0.6mm, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 0.05-0.15 mm.
The wear-resisting structure has the beneficial effects that the wear resistance of the surface of the camshaft is enhanced through the cobalt-based alloy rods distributed on the surface in an array mode, the lubricating holes distributed around the cobalt-based alloy rods are used as oil storage grooves, lubricating oil (high-temperature lubricating grease) can be stored in the oil storage grooves during the working period of the camshaft, the lubricating environment of the camshaft can be improved under the condition of insufficient subsequent lubrication, the wear resistance and the lubricating property of the camshaft can be improved at the same time, and the service life of the camshaft is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
Manufacturing a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft comprising the steps of:
step 1, selecting a conventional 45 steel camshaft as a camshaft substrate, performing deoiling and derusting treatment on the surface of the camshaft substrate, forging, and performing laser drilling on the surface of the camshaft substrate, wherein the drilled holes are distributed in an array manner, the diameter of each hole is 0.6mm, the depth of each hole is 0.3mm, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 0.1 mm;
step 2, carrying out plasma arc cladding in the punched hole, enabling Co42A cobalt alloy powder to reach a powder feeding nozzle through a powder feeding pipeline under the action of argon gas flow, entering the hole through the powder feeding nozzle to carry out plasma arc cladding sintering, wherein the cladding current is 50A, the arc voltage is 15V, the ionic gas flow is 12L/h, and the protective gas flow is 2m3H, the powder feeding speed is 8g/min, after plasma arc cladding is carried out in the punched hole, the camshaft is put into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction, and the sintering temperature isThe temperature is 1000 ℃, the sintering time is 2 hours, the self-fluxing metal powder is completely filled to form carbide through in-situ reaction, the camshaft is put into lime for slow cooling for 2 hours, and then the camshaft is taken out to be cooled to room temperature in an air cooling mode, namely a cobalt-based alloy rod is formed in a hole on the surface of the camshaft;
co42A cobalt alloy powder is used for plasma arc cladding in a hole on the surface of a camshaft matrix, then the camshaft matrix is placed into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction, the Co42A cobalt alloy powder generates Cr23C6 in situ, the carbide enhances the wear resistance of the camshaft, and simultaneously is metallurgically bonded with the camshaft matrix to avoid cracks on the surface of the camshaft.
Step 3, punching holes around the cobalt-based alloy rod, wherein the diameter of each hole is 0.05mm, the depth of each hole is 0.4mm, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 0.08mm, so as to prepare a camshaft preform;
and 4, grinding, polishing and chamfering the camshaft preform according to the required camshaft structure and the national standard JBAT 6728.1-2008 to obtain the wear-resistant self-lubricating oil injection pump camshaft.
The camshaft manufactured in the embodiment 1 is detected, wherein the proportion of the cobalt-based alloy rod on the cam surface is 67%, the hardness of the cobalt-based alloy rod is 1250HV, and the surface hardness of the camshaft is 59HRC, so that the use requirement is met, the theoretical service life of the camshaft is prolonged by 5% compared with that of the traditional camshaft, and the process yield is as high as 98.8%.
Microscopic observation of the internal structure of the camshaft prepared in example 1 shows that the cobalt-based alloy rod on the surface of the camshaft consists of phases of gamma-Co, CrCo and Cr23C6, the microstructure is transited from cellular dendrites to dendrites and equiaxed dendrites, and the cobalt-based alloy rod and the camshaft substrate are metallurgically bonded.
Example 2
Manufacturing a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft comprising the steps of:
step 1, selecting a conventional 45 steel camshaft as a camshaft substrate, performing deoiling and derusting treatment on the surface of the camshaft substrate, forging, and performing laser drilling on the surface of the camshaft substrate, wherein the drilled holes are distributed in an array manner, the diameter of each hole is 0.8mm, the depth of each hole is 0.6mm, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 0.1 mm;
step 2, carrying out plasma arc cladding in the punched hole, uniformly mixing Co42B powder and WC ceramic particles to form mixed powder, wherein the mass percent of the WC ceramic particles in the mixed powder is 10%, and the balance is Co42B powder, enabling the mixed powder to reach a powder feeding nozzle through a powder feeding pipeline under the action of argon gas flow, enabling the mixed powder to enter the hole through the powder feeding nozzle to carry out plasma arc cladding sintering, wherein the cladding current is 100A, the arc voltage is 25V, the ionic gas flow is 13L/h, and the protective gas flow is 2.5m3The powder feeding speed is 6g/min, after plasma arc cladding is carried out in the punched hole, the camshaft is placed into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction, the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃, the sintering time is 1.5h, all filled self-fluxing metal powder is subjected to in-situ reaction to form carbide, the camshaft is placed into lime for slow cooling for 1.5h, and then the camshaft is taken out for air cooling to the room temperature, namely a cobalt-based alloy rod is formed in the hole on the surface of the camshaft;
carrying out plasma arc cladding on mixed powder formed by Co42B powder and WC ceramic particles in holes on the surface of a camshaft substrate, then putting the camshaft substrate into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction to generate Cr23C6, WC and W in situ2C, these carbides enhance the wear resistance of the camshaft.
Step 3, punching holes around the cobalt-based alloy rod, wherein the diameter of each hole is 0.04mm, the depth of each hole is 0.5mm, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 0.05mm, so as to prepare a camshaft preform;
and 4, grinding, polishing and chamfering the camshaft preform according to the required camshaft structure and the national standard JBAT 6728.1-2008 to obtain the wear-resistant self-lubricating oil injection pump camshaft.
The camshaft manufactured in the embodiment 2 is detected, wherein the proportion of the cobalt-based alloy rod on the cam surface is 71%, the hardness of the cobalt-based alloy rod is 1400HV, and the hardness of the camshaft surface is 61HRC, so that the use requirement is met, the theoretical service life of the camshaft is prolonged by 8% compared with that of the traditional camshaft, and the process yield is as high as 98.5%.
Microscopic observation of the internal structure of the camshaft prepared in example 2 revealed that the cobalt-based alloy rod structure on the surface of the camshaft was mainly γ -Co and interdendritic eutectic structures (Cr23C6, WC, and W2C), and the cobalt-based alloy rod was metallurgically bonded to the camshaft substrate.
Example 3
Manufacturing a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft comprising the steps of:
step 1, selecting a conventional 45 steel camshaft as a camshaft substrate, performing deoiling and derusting treatment on the surface of the camshaft substrate, forging, and performing laser drilling on the surface of the camshaft substrate, wherein the drilled holes are distributed in an array manner, the diameter of each hole is 1.0mm, the depth of each hole is 1mm, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 0.2 mm;
step 2, carrying out plasma arc cladding in the punched hole, enabling Co42C cobalt alloy powder to reach a powder feeding nozzle through a powder feeding pipeline under the action of argon gas flow, entering the hole through the powder feeding nozzle to carry out plasma arc cladding sintering, wherein the cladding current is 150A, the arc voltage is 40V, the ionic gas flow is 15L/h, and the protective gas flow is 4m3H, setting the powder feeding rate to be 10g/min, after plasma arc cladding is carried out in the punched hole, putting the camshaft into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction at the sintering temperature of 900 ℃ for 2.5h, so that all the filled self-fluxing metal powder is subjected to in-situ reaction to form carbide, putting the camshaft into lime for slow cooling for 3h, taking out and air-cooling to room temperature, and forming a cobalt-based alloy rod in the hole on the surface of the camshaft;
co42C powder is used for plasma arc cladding in a hole on the surface of a camshaft matrix, then the camshaft matrix is placed into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction, the Co42C powder generates Cr23C6 in situ, the carbide enhances the wear resistance of the camshaft, and simultaneously is metallurgically bonded with the camshaft matrix to avoid cracks on the surface of the camshaft.
Step 3, punching holes around the cobalt-based alloy rod, wherein the diameter of each hole is 0.06mm, the depth of each hole is 0.6mm, and the distance between every two adjacent holes is 0.15mm, so as to prepare a camshaft preform;
and 4, grinding, polishing and chamfering the camshaft preform according to the required camshaft structure and the national standard JBAT 6728.1-2008 to obtain the wear-resistant self-lubricating oil injection pump camshaft.
The camshaft manufactured in the embodiment 3 is detected, wherein the proportion of the cobalt-based alloy rod on the cam surface is 75%, the hardness of the cobalt-based alloy rod is 1550HV, and the surface hardness of the camshaft is 61HRC, so that the use requirement is met, the theoretical service life of the camshaft is prolonged by 10% compared with that of the traditional camshaft, and the process yield is as high as 98.6%.
Microscopic observation of the internal structure of the camshaft prepared in example 3 shows that the cobalt-based alloy rod on the surface of the camshaft consists of phases of gamma-Co, CrCo and Cr23C6, the microstructure is transited from cellular dendrites to dendrites and equiaxed dendrites, and the cobalt-based alloy rod and the camshaft substrate are metallurgically bonded.
Claims (10)
1. The wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft is characterized in that cobalt-based alloy rods are alternately embedded on the surface of the camshaft and distributed in an array manner, the proportion of the cobalt-based alloy rods on the surface of the camshaft is 60% -80%, the cobalt-based alloy rods and a camshaft matrix are metallurgically bonded, and lubricating holes are distributed around the cobalt-based alloy rods.
2. The wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the cobalt-based alloy rods on the surface of the camshaft is 0.6mm to 1.0mm, the height is 0.3mm to 3mm, and the distance between adjacent cobalt-based alloy rods is 0.1mm to 0.2 mm.
3. A wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lubrication holes have a diameter of 0.04-0.06mm and a depth of 0.4-0.6mm, and the distance between adjacent lubrication holes is 0.05-0.15 mm.
4. The wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft of claim 1, wherein the cobalt-based alloy rod is formed by plasma arc cladding sintering of cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder, the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder is cobalt alloy powder or mixed powder of the cobalt alloy powder and WC ceramic particles, and the cobalt alloy powder is Co42A, Co42B, Co42C or Co50 powder.
5. A production and manufacturing method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, carrying out laser drilling on the surface of a camshaft matrix, wherein the drilled holes are distributed in an array manner, the diameter of each hole is 0.6-1.0 mm, and the surface proportion of each hole is 60-80%;
step 2, carrying out plasma arc cladding in the punched hole, enabling the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder to reach a powder feeding nozzle through a powder feeding pipeline under the action of protective gas flow, entering the hole through the powder feeding nozzle to carry out plasma arc cladding sintering, then putting the camshaft into a tubular atmosphere furnace to carry out in-situ sintering reaction, wherein the sintering temperature is 900 plus-material temperature of 1100 ℃, the sintering time is 1.5-2.5 h, and the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder in the hole on the surface of the camshaft forms a cobalt-based alloy rod;
step 3, punching holes around the cobalt-based alloy rod to obtain a camshaft preform;
and 4, grinding, polishing and chamfering the camshaft preform according to the required camshaft structure to obtain the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft.
6. The production method of the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft according to claim 5, wherein the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy powder is cobalt alloy powder or a mixed powder of the cobalt alloy powder and WC ceramic particles, the mass percentage of the WC ceramic particles in the mixed powder is 5-20%, and the balance is cobalt alloy powder, and the cobalt alloy powder is Co42A, Co42B, Co42C or Co50 powder.
7. The production and manufacturing method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft according to claim 5, wherein in step 1, laser drilling is performed on the surface of the camshaft substrate, the depth of the holes is 0.3mm to 3mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 0.1mm to 0.2 mm.
8. The production and manufacturing method of the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft, as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step 2, plasma arc cladding is performed in the drilled hole, the cladding current is 10-150A, the arc voltage is 10-50V, the ionic gas flow is 12-15L/h, and the protective gas flow is 12-15L/h2-4m3The powder feeding rate is 6-10 g/min.
9. The method for manufacturing the wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft according to claim 5, wherein in the step 2, the camshaft is placed into a tubular atmosphere furnace for in-situ sintering reaction, then slowly cooled in lime for 1.5h-3h, and then taken out for air cooling to room temperature.
10. The manufacturing method of a wear-resistant self-lubricating camshaft recited in claim 5, wherein in the step 3, the cobalt-based alloy rod is perforated with holes having a diameter of 0.04-0.06mm and a depth of 0.4-0.6mm, and a pitch between adjacent holes is 0.05-0.15 mm.
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| JPH03115587A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-05-16 | Mazda Motor Corp | Production of remelted cam shaft |
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| CN202860629U (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-04-10 | 郑州鼎盛工程技术有限公司 | High-abrasion-resistance composite board hammer for counterattacking crusher rotor |
| CN103388499A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-13 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Automotive powertrain component and bearing with micropores, and method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03115587A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-05-16 | Mazda Motor Corp | Production of remelted cam shaft |
| CN102211196A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2011-10-12 | 南通高欣金属陶瓷复合材料有限公司 | Ceramic reinforced metal matrix abrasion-resisting compound material and preparation method |
| CN102673027A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-09-19 | 泰州市永昌冶金科技有限公司 | Abrasion-resistant composite of cellular structure and preparation method thereof |
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