CN113481205B - 一种hpv18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体hpv1801及其应用 - Google Patents
一种hpv18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体hpv1801及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801及其应用,该核酸适配体HPV1801的序列为:5'‑TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAATCACGATTCCT CTGCCAGTAGGACCGTATGCTTAGCTCCACGGTCCTCATTTCTTTCCC‑3';本发明的核酸适配体HPV1801能高亲和力、高特异性地与HPV18类病毒颗粒结合,该核酸适配体HPV1801在HPV18感染的诊断和治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景和重要的科学、社会价值,特别是它具有阻断HPV18感染的作用,可作为潜在的HPV18感染治疗药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及一种与HPV18类病毒颗粒特异性结合的高亲和力核酸适配体HPV1801及其应用。
背景技术
人乳头瘤病毒(Human Papilloma Virus,HPV)是一种无被膜包被的环状双链DNA病毒。目前,HPV已被发现的有200多种型别,大部分型别感染人体后不表现出明显的症状,少数部分型别有病毒感染的表现,例如引起皮肤的多种乳头状瘤或疣及生殖道上皮增生性损伤。依据WHO国际癌症研究机构(IARC)及其他国际组织的研究成果,国家药品监督管理局医疗器械技术审评中心发布的《人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)核酸检测及基因分型、试剂技术审查指导原则》将HPV16、HPV18、HPV31、HPV33、HPV35、HPV39、HPV45、HPV51、HPV52、HPV56、HPV58、HPV59和HPV68列为高危型别,HPV26、HPV53、HPV66、HPV73、HPV82列为中等风险型别。其中高危型与宫颈癌的发生关系密切,是女性的主要致癌因素之一。
目前缺乏有效的HPV抗病毒治疗是全世界的共识。虽然现在已经有一些抗病毒药物上市,例如"核苷类"抗病毒药物和干扰素,但是疗效都不确切,甚至根本没有疗效。目前也没有开发出专门针对HPV的抗病毒疗法。因此,所有关于HPV预防和治疗的指南中,都没有提到过(或推荐)使用任何药物来杀灭HPV病毒。因此迫切需要安全、有效的治疗HPV感染的药物。
适配体又被称为“合成抗体”、“化学抗体”,其化学本质是一条单链寡核酸分子(ssDNA或RNA)折叠成特定三维结构与靶物质高亲和力和高特异性结合。适配体的获得是通过指数富集配体的系统进化技术(Systematic evolution of ligands by exponentialenrichment,SELEX)的体外筛选过程。核酸适配体具有高亲和力、高特异性、可体外合成、可通过修饰改变其功能及药代动力学特性、无免疫原性、经济等特点。基于上述优势开发的核酸适配体药物可特异性阻断靶标的生物功能,例如作为病毒的感染阻断剂、毒素的中和拮抗剂、细胞因子的抑制剂、阻断转录因子的肿瘤治疗药物等。
类病毒颗粒与病毒结构高度一致,为去除病毒遗传物质之后剩余物质重新进行装配,结构上仍具有原病毒特征,但无自我复制能力。类病毒颗粒能使人产生针对该病毒的免疫应答,从而产生抗体使人对该病毒的侵蚀具有很好的防御能力。现有的第一代和第二代宫颈癌疫苗,均使用类似于HPV天然病毒颗粒的“类病毒颗粒”作为疫苗抗原。此外,HPV类病毒颗粒还被作为感染模型,广泛用于筛选抗HPV感染药物研究领域。目前,有研究筛选出HPV16类病毒颗的核酸适配体,并发现具有潜在的抑制HPV16感染的作用。但由于HPV各型之间存在差异,甚至一种HPV类病毒颗粒疫苗只能预防一种HPV型别。因此,筛选出高特异性、高亲和力结合HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体作为高危型HPV18感染的阻断剂具有重要的科研和临床价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种具有高特异性和高亲和力的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801;本发明的另一目的在于提供所述核酸适配体HPV1801在制备样品中HPV18类病毒颗粒的分离富集试剂中、在制备HPV18检测试剂或试剂盒中以及在制备HPV18感染阻断药物中等多方面的应用。
本发明的目的通过如下技术方案实现:一种HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,它的序列如下所示:5'-TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAATCACGATTCCTCTGCCAGTAGGACCGTATGCTTAGCTCCACGGTCCTCATTTCTTTCCC-3'(SEQ ID NO:1)
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801是基于核酸适配体的体外SELEX筛选技术获得,其中利用PVDF膜作为固相介质,以HPV18类病毒颗粒为靶标,从ssDNA文库中筛选得到与HPV18类病毒颗粒特异性结合的核酸适配体,命名为核酸适配体HPV1801。
本发明所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,在其5’端或3’端可进行荧光基团、氨基、生物素、地高辛或聚乙二醇等化学修饰。
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801在细胞模型水平具有抑制HPV18感染的作用,可作为一种潜在的HPV18感染阻断剂。所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801在制备HPV18感染治疗药物中的应用。
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801在制备样品中HPV18类病毒颗粒的分离富集试剂中的应用。
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801在制备HPV18检测试剂或试剂盒中的应用。
较之现有技术而言,本发明的优点在于:
1.本发明的核酸适配体HPV1801无毒性,分子量小,渗透性好,易于合成与标记。
2.本发明的核酸适配体HPV1801的合成成本较抗体制备的成本低,且周期短,重现性好。
3.本发明的核酸适配体HPV1801能高亲和力、高特异性地与HPV18类病毒颗粒结合,解离常数为37.6pM,且它不与其他对照HPV类病毒颗粒结合。
4.本发明的核酸适配体HPV1801在HPV18感染的诊断和治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景和重要的科学、社会价值,特别是它具有阻断HPV18感染的作用,可作为潜在的HPV18感染治疗药物。
附图说明
图1为核酸适配体HPV1801二级结构的生物信息学模拟图。
图2为荧光结合率实验分析核酸适配体HPV1801的特异性图。在图2中,横坐标为分析的蛋白,纵坐标为荧光结合率。
图3为荧光结合率实验分析核酸适配体HPV1801结合HPV18类病毒颗粒的解离常数绘制曲线。解离常数(Kd)为37.6pM。在图3中,横坐标为DNA浓度(pM),纵坐标为荧光结合率。
图4为流式细胞术分析核酸适配体HPV1801抑制HPV18类病毒颗粒假感染的剂量-抑制率曲线。横坐标DNA浓度(pM),纵坐标为相对感染率。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图和实施例对本发明内容进行详细说明:
一种HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,它的序列如下:5'-TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAATCACGATTCCTCTGCCAGTAGGACCGTATGCTTAGCTCCACGGTCCTCATTTCTTTCCC-3'(SEQ IDNO:1)。
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,在25℃,100mM Na+,1mM Mg2+的条件下,其空间结构如下:
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,对所述核酸适配体HPV1801的5’端或3’端进行包括但不限于荧光基团、氨基、生物素、地高辛、聚乙二醇等化学修饰。
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,对所述核酸适配体HPV1801做截短或延长或部分碱基替换的结构改造所得到的产物进行包括但不限于荧光基团、氨基、生物素、地高辛、聚乙二醇等化学修饰。
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801是基于核酸适配体的体外SELEX筛选技术获得,利用PVDF膜作为固相介质,以HPV18类病毒颗粒为靶标,从ssDNA文库中筛选得到与HPV18类病毒颗粒特异性结合的核酸适配体。
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801的筛选方法,它包括以下步骤:
(1)筛选文库的准备:准备以下序列所示的随机ssDNA文库:
5’-TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAANNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNCGGTCCTCATTTCTTTCCC-3’;
(2)将HPV18类病毒颗粒转印到PVDF膜上制备PVDF转印膜;
(3)将ssDNA文库进行热激活处理;
(4)将经步骤(3)后的ssDNA文库与步骤(2)所得的PVDF转印膜进行孵育;
(5)分离经步骤(4)后的PVDF转印膜,洗去PVDF转印膜表面未结合、弱结合及非特异性结合的ssDNA;加热PVDF转印膜,收集与HPV18类病毒颗粒特异性结合的ssDNA,即ssDNA富集文库;
(6)PCR扩增:将步骤(5)所得的ssDNA富集文库进行PCR扩增,其中PCR扩增所用的引物为:
引物HPVup:5’-FAM-TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAA-3’(SEQ ID NO:2)
引物HPVdown:5’-Biotin-GGGAAAGAAATGAGGACCG-3’(SEQ ID NO:3);
(7)PCR产物的纯化:利用小片段DNA纯化试剂盒对PCR产物进行纯化;将纯化后的dsDNA与链霉亲和素磁珠进行孵育,结合dsDNA的链霉亲和素磁珠经洗涤、dsDNA解链后,用磁力架分离,收集上清;上清经乙醇沉淀后获得用于下一轮筛选的次级ssDNA文库;
(8)循环筛选:将步骤(7)所得的FAM标记的次级ssDNA文库,作为下一轮筛选的次级文库,并重复步骤(3)~(7)的筛选过程。
实施例一:核酸适配体HPV1801的筛选
所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801的筛选方法,它包括以下步骤:
(1)筛选文库的准备:设计ssDNA随机文库,其序列为:5’-TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAANNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNCGGTCCTCATTTCTTTCCC-3’,其中包括两端的固定序列区域(5’端和3’端各19个核苷酸)和中间的随机序列区域(40个随机序列核苷酸),并委托生工生物工程股份有限公司合成。
(2)制备HPV18类病毒颗粒的PVDF转印膜:所述HPV18类病毒颗粒来源于大肠杆菌表达系统,购买自美国Creative Diagnostics公司,纯度>95%(SDS-PAGE),所述PVDF膜购自生工生物工程股份有限公司。将HPV18类病毒颗粒在5×SDS-PAGE上样缓冲液中混匀沸水煮10min。利用SDS-PAGE电泳分离HPV18类病毒颗粒。将PVDF膜预先在甲醇中浸泡3-5秒至饱和,然后置于转膜缓冲液中平衡;利用伯乐BIO-RAD全能型蛋白快速转膜仪在电源10V条件下,将SDS-PAGE凝胶中的HPV18类病毒颗粒转膜至PVDF膜,时间为60min。用PBS缓冲液洗膜5min后,将PVDF转印膜放入含5%脱脂乳的PBS封闭液内,置于37℃摇床中封闭2h,PBS漂洗PVDF转印膜5min。
(3)取1nmol随机ssDNA文库溶于500μL选择缓冲液(50mM Tris-HCl,100mM NaCl,1mM MgCl2,5mM KCl,pH 7.4),然后经热激活处理。其中,热激活处理的方法为:95℃变性5min后,立即置于冰水浴中冰浴10min,随后置于室温10min。
(4)将经步骤(3)后的ssDNA文库与步骤(2)所得的HPV18类病毒颗粒PVDF转印膜(HPV18类病毒颗粒载量为20ng)以及酵母tRNA(摩尔量为ssDNA文库的5倍)在室温孵育1h。
(5)取出经步骤(4)后的HPV18类病毒颗粒PVDF转印膜,用含0.2%BSA的选择缓冲液洗去HPV18类病毒颗粒PVDF转印膜表面未结合、弱结合及非特异性结合的ssDNA;然后将HPV18类病毒颗粒PVDF转印膜置于200μL ddH2O,100℃热水浴5min后,高速离心收集上清,获得与HPV18类病毒颗粒特异性结合的ssDNA,即ssDNA富集文库。
(6)PCR扩增:将步骤(5)所得的ssDNA富集文库加入到1mL PCRmix中;漩涡振荡混匀后,按每管50μL分装进行PCR扩增,扩增条件为:94℃预变性5min后;94℃变性30S,63℃退火30S,72℃延伸30S,15-25个循环。
其中1mL PCRmix中含有:10×PCR缓冲液100μL;pfu酶3μL;dNTP 20μL;引物HPVup:5’-FAM-TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAA-3’和引物HPVdown:引物HPVdown:5’-Biotin-GGGAAAGAAATGAGGACCG-3’各3μL;所述引物HPVup和引物HPVdown均委托生工生物工程股份有限公司合成。
(7)PCR产物的纯化:两端分别标有生物素和荧光基团FAM的PCR产物,使用小片段纯化试剂盒纯化(所述的小片段纯化试剂盒购自生工生物工程股份有限公司),将纯化后的dsDNA与链霉亲和素磁珠(购自Invitrogen-Dynal公司)在37℃孵育20min,用洗涤缓冲液(5mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.5,1M NaCl,500μM EHPVA)洗涤结合dsDNA的链霉亲和素磁珠三次后,用50μL NaOH溶液(0.1M)在37℃孵育30min使dsDNA解链;用磁力架分离,收集上清,上清经乙醇沉淀获得FAM标记的次级ssDNA文库,并溶解于选择缓冲液中,作为下一轮筛选的次级文库。
(8)筛选过程共进行12轮。从第二轮开始,次级文库的用量均为30pmol。
实施例二:核酸适配体HPV1801序列的获得和分析:
(1)经过12轮筛选后,收集富集的ssDNA文库,并委托北京信诺佰世医学检验所有限公司利用高通量测序技术对文库序列进行分析,分析过程为:PCR扩增富集文库,并加上测序接头和Index部分;通过凝胶电泳选择纯化文库;利用Nanodrop one测量DNA的浓度和纯度进行质控分析;利用Illuminate NovaSeqTM 6000平台,以单链文库为模板进行桥式PCR扩增、测序引物退火、边合成边测序;并对测序结果进行比对和富集分析。
(2)根据核酸适配体在文库中的富集程度,选取富集程度高的ssDNA作为候选核酸适配体,其中核酸适配体HPV1801在富集文库中占比19.7%,它的序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
(3)利用UNAFold网络平台分析在25℃,100mM Na+,1mM Mg2+的条件下,核酸适配体HPV1801序列的二级结构。分析出核酸适配体HPV1801序列的二级结构示意图如图1所示。
实施例三:核酸适配体HPV1801的特异性分析:
(1)体外化学合成FAM标记的核酸适配体HPV1801,并将其溶于选择缓冲液。
(2)参照实施例一中步骤(2),将BSA(购自Sigma公司)、HPV16类病毒颗粒、HPV18类病毒颗粒、HPV31类病毒颗粒、HPV33类病毒颗粒、HPV35类病毒颗粒、HPV39类病毒颗粒、HPV45类病毒颗粒、HPV51类病毒颗粒、HPV52类病毒颗粒、HPV56类病毒颗粒、HPV58类病毒颗粒、HPV59类病毒颗粒和HPV68类病毒颗粒(购自美国Creative Diagnostics公司)分别转印到PVDF膜上,制备包含各种HPV类病毒颗粒的PVDF转印膜。
(3)取200μL步骤(1)所得的核酸适配体HPV1801溶液分别与步骤(2)制得的各种PVDF转印膜混合,在暗盒中室温孵育1h。
(4)用0.1%PBST洗涤经步骤(3)的上述PVDF转印膜3遍,与上述PVDF转印膜结合的核酸适配体,用200μL选择缓冲液100℃煮沸5min洗脱。
(5)利用荧光定量仪分别测定初始溶液和洗脱液的荧光强度,计算荧光结合率=(初始荧光强度-洗脱荧光强度)/初始荧光强度×100%,用计算值初步代表核酸适配体HPV1801与靶分子的结合率。
如图2所示,核酸适配体HPV1801与HPV18类病毒颗粒的结合率均显著高于其与其它HPV类病毒颗粒的结合率,表明核酸适配体HPV1801与HPV18类病毒颗粒的结合具有较好的特异性。
实施例四:核酸适配体HPV1801的亲和力分析
(1)取不同浓度的FAM标记核酸适配体HPV1801溶液分别与HPV18类病毒颗粒PVDF转印膜混合,在暗盒中室温孵育1h。
(2)参照实施例三中的步骤(4)和步骤(5),实验获得并计算不同浓度核酸适配体HPV1801溶液与HPV18类病毒颗粒PVDF转印膜的荧光结合率。
(3)利用荧光结合率的计算值,绘制核酸适配体HPV1801结合HPV18类病毒颗粒的饱和结合曲线,通过非线性回归分析计算核酸适配体HPV1801结合HPV18类病毒颗粒的解离常数。
如图3所示,本发明获得了核酸适配体HPV1801的饱和结合曲线,经计算核酸适配体HPV1801的解离常数为37.6pM,表明核酸适配体HPV1801与HPV18类病毒颗粒结合的结合能力强,解离常数在皮摩尔级别。
实施例五:核酸适配体HPV1801抑制HPV18感染的研究
(1)细胞培养:将293TT细胞在DMEM培养基中37℃和5%CO2条件下培养,添加5%Gibco胎牛血清、100IU/mL青霉素和100mg/mL链球菌霉素。
(2)核酸适配体HPV1801抑制HPV18感染的研究方法:
以HPV18型类病毒颗粒的假感染作为HPV18感染的细胞模型。将293TT细胞接种于24孔板(1×105/孔),在37℃孵育过夜。用5000InU的HPV18类病毒颗粒和不同浓度的核酸适配体HPV1801在终体积为80μL的PBS缓冲液中制备感染混合物。以相同浓度随机序列ssDNA作为空白对照。将感染混合物在室温下温和搅拌20min,然后加入到500μL的293TT细胞DMEM溶液中。20min后,弃上清去除感染混合物,然后加入1mL加入5%胎牛血清的预热DMEM。72h后,1000rpm离心收集细胞,细胞沉淀用PBS缓冲液洗涤,然后用0.5mL体积的PBS缓冲液重悬,在流式细胞仪中进行分析,利用带通滤光片在530/30nm(FL1)下分析。用488nm的氩激光器进行激发(1×104细胞/次)。计算不同浓度下的相对感染率作为核酸适配体HPV1801抑制HPV18感染的指标。相对感染率=核酸适配体HPV1801的感染率/对照的感染率。
(3)核酸适配体HPV1801抑制HPV18型感染的研究结果:
如图4所示,核酸适配体HPV1801能够以剂量依赖性方式抑制HPV18型假病毒的感染。当核酸适配体HPV1801浓度达到30μM时,其抑制作用达到饱和,抑制率(1-相对感染率)可以达到60%。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以作出若干改变、改进和润饰,这些改变、改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
序列表
<110> 吴冬
<120> 一种HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801及其应用
<160> 3
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
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<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
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ggtcctcatt tctttccc 78
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<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
ttttttctct gcgcattaa 19
<210> 3
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
gggaaagaaa tgaggaccg 19
Claims (5)
1.一种HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,其特征在于:它的序列如下所示:
5'-TTTTTTCTCTGCGCATTAATCACGATTCCTCTGCCAGTAGGACCGTATGCTTAGCTCCACGGTCCTCATTTCTTTCCC-3';且在25℃,100mM Na+,1mM Mg2+的条件下,它的空间结构如下:
2.根据权利要求1所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801,其特征在于:对所述核酸适配体HPV1801的5’端或3’端进行荧光基团、氨基、生物素、地高辛或聚乙二醇化学修饰。
3.如权利要求1所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801在制备HPV18感染治疗药物中的应用。
4.如权利要求1所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801在制备样品中HPV18类病毒颗粒的分离富集试剂中的应用。
5.如权利要求1所述的HPV18类病毒颗粒的核酸适配体HPV1801在制备HPV18检测试剂或试剂盒中的应用。
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