CN113480978A - Refrigerant replacing R22, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Refrigerant replacing R22, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113480978A CN113480978A CN202110768658.7A CN202110768658A CN113480978A CN 113480978 A CN113480978 A CN 113480978A CN 202110768658 A CN202110768658 A CN 202110768658A CN 113480978 A CN113480978 A CN 113480978A
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethane Chemical compound CCF UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)=C(F)F PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/40—Replacement mixtures
- C09K2205/43—Type R22
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigerant replacing R22, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the refrigerant replacing R22 comprises the following components: 25-50 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 50-80 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil. The R22-replacing refrigerant is obtained by a great amount of tests and screens of the applicant and is prepared by mixing three components in a specific proportion, the latent heat of evaporation of the R22-replacing refrigerant is large, and the cooling speed in unit time is higher, so that the refrigeration efficiency is high, and the energy is saved by 25-35% compared with that of R22; the unit refrigerating capacity of the refrigerant replacing R22 is higher than that of R22 by more than 30 percent; the tetrafluoropropylene and fluoroethane in the R22-replacing refrigerant have low water solubility, do not have chemical action with lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, and are compatible with the lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, so that any part and lubricating oil of the original refrigeration equipment do not need to be replaced, the fluorosilicone oil in the R22-replacing refrigerant can lubricate a compressor more, and the service life of the compressor can be prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerants, in particular to a refrigerant capable of replacing R22, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the progress of society and the rapid development of refrigeration technology, more and more refrigeration equipment meet the daily production and living demands of people, but also bring serious worldwide problems, and particularly, the refrigerants CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) and HCFCs (hydrochlorofluorocarbons) bring great damage to the atmospheric ozone layer. After the Montreal protocol and the Kyoto protocol are added in China, the elimination of HCFCs refrigerants with environmental hazards, particularly R22 (chlorodifluoromethane) refrigerants widely used in China, is accelerated according to the protocol requirements. R22 belongs to HCFC refrigerant, is a common refrigerant in air conditioners, heat pumps, refrigeration systems and low-temperature refrigeration systems, has the Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of 0.045 and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1700, has certain damage to the ozone layer and also has relatively large influence on global warming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a refrigerant for replacing R22 and a preparation method and application thereof aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art and designing an energy-saving and environment-friendly refrigerant to replace R22.
The invention provides a refrigerant replacing R22, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
25-50 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 50-80 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil.
Optionally, the tetrafluoropropene is 35-45 parts, the fluoroethane is 55-75 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil is 3-5 parts.
Optionally, the tetrafluoropropene is 30-40 parts, the fluoroethane is 60-80 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil is 3-5 parts.
Optionally, the amount of the tetrafluoropropene is 40-50 parts, the amount of the fluoroethane is 50-60 parts, and the amount of the fluorosilicone oil is 3-5 parts.
Optionally, the tetrafluoropropene is 30-40 parts, the fluoroethane is 50-60 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil is 3-5 parts.
Optionally, the tetrafluoropropene is 35-45 parts, the fluoroethane is 55-65 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil is 3-5 parts.
Optionally, the tetrafluoropropene is 25-40 parts, the fluoroethane is 65-75 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil is 3-5 parts.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the refrigerant replacing R22, which comprises the following steps:
cleaning the mixed pressure container by using a cleaning reagent;
vacuumizing the cleaned mixed pressure container;
and adding various raw materials into the vacuumized mixed pressure container according to the parts by weight, and mixing to obtain the refrigerant replacing R22, wherein the raw materials comprise tetrafluoropropene, fluoroethane and fluorosilicone oil.
Optionally, before the step of cleaning the mixing pressure vessel with the cleaning reagent, the method further includes:
purifying each of the raw materials by a distillation column;
detecting the purified raw materials to ensure that the purity of the purified raw materials reaches a preset standard;
preprocessing various raw materials which reach the standard after detection;
adsorbing various pretreated raw materials by a dehydration desulfurization device;
drying the various raw materials after adsorption by a drying tower.
Optionally, the step of adding various raw materials in parts by weight into the evacuated mixed pressure vessel and mixing to obtain the refrigerant replacing R22 includes:
adding the dried raw materials into the vacuumized mixing pressure container according to the parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
sampling the mixture, and detecting whether various components in the mixture meet the corresponding weight part ratio;
if the corresponding weight portion proportion is met, the refrigerant is automatically filled, and the refrigerant replacing R22 is obtained.
Optionally, the step of detecting each purified raw material to ensure that the purity of each purified raw material reaches a preset standard includes: detecting each purified raw material by a gas chromatograph;
the step of sampling the mixture and detecting whether the components in the mixture meet the corresponding weight part ratio comprises the following steps: and detecting whether the components in the mixture meet the corresponding weight part ratio or not by using a gas chromatograph.
Optionally, the preset standard is that the purity of each raw material reaches more than 99.99%.
Optionally, the cleaning reagent comprises propane having a purity meeting the predetermined criteria.
Optionally, the step of evacuating the cleaned mixing pressure vessel includes: and reducing the absolute pressure in the cleaned mixed pressure container to 0-0.15 Pa.
The invention also provides application of the refrigerant replacing R22, and the refrigerant replaces R22 and is directly injected into refrigeration equipment.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the refrigerant replacing R22 is obtained by a great amount of tests and screens of the applicant and is prepared by mixing three components in a specific proportion, the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant replacing R22 is large, and the cooling speed in unit time is higher, so that the refrigeration efficiency is high, and the energy is saved by 25-35% compared with that of R22; the unit refrigerating capacity of the refrigerant replacing R22 is higher than that of R22 by more than 30 percent; the average molecular weight of the refrigerant replacing R22 is 20 percent less than that of R22, the flow performance is better, and the conveying pressure is low; the tetrafluoropropylene and fluoroethane in the R22-replacing refrigerant have low water solubility, do not have chemical action with lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, and are compatible with the lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, so that any part and lubricating oil of the original refrigeration equipment do not need to be replaced, the fluorosilicone oil in the R22-replacing refrigerant can lubricate a compressor more, and the service life of the compressor can be prolonged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a refrigerant replacing R22, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 50-80 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil.
Specifically, the tetrafluoropropene is HF0-1234YF, the fluoroethane is R161, the refrigerant replacing R22 can replace R22 to be directly injected into refrigeration equipment, and the refrigerant replacing R22 can be suitable for refrigeration equipment such as commercial central air conditioners, central cold water systems, household central air conditioners, household split air conditioners, refrigeration storage cold storage systems, freezer fresh-keeping systems, air source heat pump hot water systems, constant temperature and humidity systems, food and pharmaceutical cold drying systems and the like. The refrigerant replacing R22 has the characteristic of complete compatibility with original lubricating oil, the compressor is lubricated more by adding fluorosilicone oil, the service life of the compressor can be prolonged, the refrigerant can be put into use without replacing the lubricating oil or adjusting the lubricating oil, the refrigerant is particularly suitable for developing countries, due to the multi-aspect limitations of economic capacity and the like, green refrigeration is urgently sought by various large-scale industries and businesses, and the problem of replacing new and old refrigeration equipment in the developing countries is solved without adding extra investment.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the refrigerant replacing R22 is obtained by a great amount of tests and screens of the applicant and is prepared by mixing three components in a specific proportion, the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant replacing R22 is large, and the cooling speed in unit time is higher, so that the refrigeration efficiency is high, and the energy is saved by 25-35% compared with that of R22; the unit refrigerating capacity of the refrigerant replacing R22 is higher than that of R22 by more than 30 percent; the average molecular weight of the refrigerant replacing R22 is 20 percent less than that of R22, the flow performance is better, and the conveying pressure is low; the tetrafluoropropylene and fluoroethane in the R22-replacing refrigerant have low water solubility, do not have chemical action with lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, and are compatible with the lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, so that any part and lubricating oil of the original refrigeration equipment do not need to be replaced, the fluorosilicone oil in the R22-replacing refrigerant can lubricate a compressor more, and the service life of the compressor can be prolonged.
Alternatively, the tetrafluoropropene may be 35-45 parts, the fluoroethane may be 55-75 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil may be 3-5 parts.
Alternatively, the tetrafluoropropene may be 30-40 parts, the fluoroethane may be 60-80 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil may be 3-5 parts.
Alternatively, the tetrafluoropropene may be 40-50 parts, the fluoroethane may be 50-60 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil may be 3-5 parts.
Alternatively, the tetrafluoropropene may be 30-40 parts, the fluoroethane may be 50-60 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil may be 3-5 parts.
Alternatively, the tetrafluoropropene can be 35-45 parts, the fluoroethane can be 55-65 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil can be 3-5 parts.
Alternatively, the tetrafluoropropene can be 25-40 parts, the fluoroethane can be 65-75 parts, and the fluorosilicone oil can be 3-5 parts.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the refrigerant replacing R22, which can be used for preparing the refrigerant replacing R22 introduced above, and specifically, the preparation method can comprise the following steps:
step S160: the mixed pressure vessel is cleaned using a cleaning reagent.
Step S170: and vacuumizing the cleaned mixed pressure container.
Step S180: and adding various raw materials into the vacuumized mixed pressure container according to the parts by weight, and mixing to obtain the refrigerant replacing R22.
Specifically, various of the raw materials include tetrafluoropropene, fluoroethane, and fluorosilicone oil.
Alternatively, the preparation method may include the following steps S200-S210
Step S200: each of the raw materials is purified by a distillation column.
Step S210: and detecting the purified raw materials to ensure that the purity of the purified raw materials reaches a preset standard.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the preset standard is that the purity of each raw material reaches 99.99% or more. Further, the purified raw materials may be detected by a gas chromatograph.
Step S220: and (3) preprocessing various raw materials which reach the standard after detection.
Step S230: and adsorbing various pretreated raw materials by a dehydration desulfurization device.
Step S240: drying the various raw materials after adsorption by a drying tower.
Step S250: the mixed pressure vessel is cleaned using a cleaning reagent.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the cleaning reagent includes propane having a purity that meets the preset standard, that is, the cleaning reagent includes propane having a purity that is greater than 99.99%.
Step S260: and vacuumizing the cleaned mixed pressure container.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the vacuum pumping is to reduce the absolute pressure in the cleaned mixing pressure vessel to 0-0.15 Pa.
Step S270: and adding the dried raw materials into the vacuumized mixing pressure container according to the parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a mixture.
Step S280: and sampling the mixture, and detecting whether various components in the mixture meet the corresponding weight part ratio.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, whether the respective components in the mixture satisfy the corresponding weight parts ratios may be detected by a gas chromatograph.
Step S290: if the corresponding weight portion proportion is met, the refrigerant is automatically filled, and the refrigerant replacing R22 is obtained.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, which should be understood as merely illustrative and not limitative.
Example 1
A refrigerant replacing R22 (the refrigerant replacing R22 is represented as R554 in the following) is prepared by fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of tetrafluoropropene; 70-80 parts of fluoroethane; 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil.
The preparation method of R554 is as follows: s1, purifying various raw materials by a distillation tower for later use; s2, detecting the purity of various raw materials to ensure that the purity reaches 99.96 percent of the refrigerant grade standard; s3, preprocessing various raw materials; s4, automatically adsorbing the raw materials; s5, feeding the raw materials into a drying tower; s6, cleaning the mixed pressure container by using a cleaning reagent; s7, vacuumizing the cleaned mixed pressure container; s8, accurately blending, namely adding the raw materials reaching the standard into a vacuumized mixing pressure container according to the weight part ratio for mixing, and automatically stirring for 3 hours; s9, sampling the mixed material in the S7, and detecting whether the components in the mixed material meet the corresponding weight part ratio; and S10, automatically filling the refrigerant.
Example 2
R554 is prepared by fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of tetrafluoropropene; 60-80 parts of fluoroethane; 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil. The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
R554 is prepared by fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of tetrafluoropropene; 50-60 parts of fluoroethane; 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil. The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4
R554 is prepared by fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of tetrafluoropropene; 50-60 parts of fluoroethane; 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil. The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 5
R554 is prepared by fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of tetrafluoropropene; 55-65 parts of fluoroethane; 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil. The preparation method is basically the same as that of example 1.
Example 6
R554 is prepared by fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of tetrafluoropropene; 65-75 parts of fluoroethane; 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil. The preparation method is basically the same as that of example 1.
The test object is R554 prepared in example 6, and the test is carried out according to the relevant standard of the prior art, and the physical property parameters are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
From the physical parameters in table 1, the characteristics of R554 and R22 provided by the present invention are similar, and can replace R22, and the following advantages are relatively obtained: r554 has a small average molecular weight of 80% of R22, does not destroy the ozone layer (ODP is zero), and does not cause greenhouse effect (GWP is less than 3).
The formula calculates the slip temperature under the standard atmospheric pressure to be 0.2209 ℃ and the slip temperature under the pressure of 3MPa to be 0.0998 ℃ according to the REFPROP model of the national Standard institute of standards, and the refrigerant can be regarded as an azeotrope-like refrigerant under the extremely small slip temperature.
Theoretical cycle calculations for R554 and R22 at 5 degrees evaporating temperature and 40 degrees condensing temperature are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
| Refrigerant | Pressure at 5 ℃ (MPa) | 40 ℃ pressure (MPa) | Refrigerating capacity | Pressure ratio | Exhaust temperature | Molecular weight |
| R22 | 0.5952 | 1.6234 | 3550W | 2.720 | 56.0 | 90.67 |
| R554 | 0.5689 | 1.5421 | 4615W | 2.289 | 45.1 | 71.04 |
In order to further illustrate the advantages of the R554 in energy saving provided by the present invention, the applicant installs two grignard heat pump units in a laboratory, wherein the numbers of the two grignard heat pump units are a first unit and a second unit, the first unit uses R22 as a refrigerant, the first unit uses R22 as the refrigerant, the second unit uses R554 as the refrigerant every 6 months, and the two units have the same model, the same power and the same date of factory shipment.
Now, the energy savings were calculated by comparing two units (using R554 prepared in examples 1 to 6) with a unit one (using R22), and for a total of three years of operation, the energy savings for R22 and R554 are shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3
| Group of | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 |
| Energy saving ratio (%) | 32.46 | 31.78 | 33.81 | 34.12 | 34.56 | 35.23 |
Compared with R22, the invention provides R554 with the following beneficial effects:
1. r554 can be directly injected or added at any time in the original refrigeration equipment using R22, R554 can be directly used without replacing any refrigerant of parts of the refrigeration equipment, the water solubility of tetrafluoropropene and fluoroethane in R554 is small, the tetrafluoropropene and the fluoroethane do not have chemical action with lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, and the tetrafluoropropene and the fluoroethane are compatible with the lubricating oil in the original refrigeration equipment, so that any parts and lubricating oil of the original refrigeration equipment do not need to be replaced, R554 can be directly used without adjustment, and unnecessary economic loss brought to an energy unit due to huge equipment waste caused by refrigerant replacement is avoided;
2. after R554 directly replaces R22, the test is carried out on the original refrigeration equipment, because the latent heat of evaporation of R554 is large, the cooling speed in unit time is faster, the refrigeration efficiency is high, the energy saving rate reaches 25-35%, the energy saving effect is good, and the tetrafluoropropene in R554 has a lower GWP value than R22, so that the R554 can not damage the ozone layer and can not generate the greenhouse effect;
3. r554 has high refrigerating efficiency, so the charging amount is 70 percent of that of R22, and the operation is more portable;
4. the unit refrigerating capacity of R554 is higher than that of R22 by more than 30%, so that the compressor can be unloaded in advance, meanwhile, the average molecular weight of R554 is 20% lower than that of R22, the flow performance is better, the conveying pressure is low, the working pressure of the compressor is reduced, and the service life of the compressor can be effectively prolonged by both the early unloading and the reduction of the working pressure;
5. each component in R554 is stable in chemical property, and does not contain olefin with good chemical activity, so that the performance of the composition is more stable.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The refrigerant replacing R22 is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 50-80 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil.
2. The refrigerant replacing R22 as set forth in claim 1, wherein the amount of said tetrafluoropropene is 35-45 parts, the amount of said fluoroethane is 55-75 parts, and the amount of said fluorosilicone oil is 3-5 parts; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
30-40 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 60-80 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
40-50 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 50-60 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
30-40 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 50-60 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
35-45 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 55-65 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
25-40 parts of tetrafluoropropene, 65-75 parts of fluoroethane and 3-5 parts of fluorosilicone oil.
3. A method for preparing the R22-substituting refrigerant according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of:
cleaning the mixed pressure container by using a cleaning reagent;
vacuumizing the cleaned mixed pressure container;
and adding various raw materials into the vacuumized mixed pressure container according to the parts by weight, and mixing to obtain the refrigerant replacing R22, wherein the raw materials comprise tetrafluoropropene, fluoroethane and fluorosilicone oil.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of cleaning the mixed pressure vessel with a cleaning agent is preceded by the step of replacing R22 with a refrigerant comprising:
purifying each of the raw materials by a distillation column;
detecting the purified raw materials to ensure that the purity of the purified raw materials reaches a preset standard;
preprocessing various raw materials which reach the standard after detection;
adsorbing various pretreated raw materials by a dehydration desulfurization device;
drying the various raw materials after adsorption by a drying tower.
5. The method for preparing the R22-substituting refrigerant according to claim 4, wherein the step of adding various raw materials into the vacuumized mixing pressure vessel according to the parts by weight for mixing to obtain the R22-substituting refrigerant comprises the following steps:
adding the dried raw materials into the vacuumized mixing pressure container according to the parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
sampling the mixture, and detecting whether various components in the mixture meet the corresponding weight part ratio;
if the corresponding weight portion proportion is met, the refrigerant is automatically filled, and the refrigerant replacing R22 is obtained.
6. The method for preparing the refrigerant replacing R22 as recited in claim 5, wherein the step of detecting each of the purified raw materials to ensure that the purity of each of the purified raw materials meets a predetermined standard comprises: detecting each purified raw material by a gas chromatograph;
the step of sampling the mixture and detecting whether the components in the mixture meet the corresponding weight part ratio comprises the following steps: and detecting whether the components in the mixture meet the corresponding weight part ratio or not by using a gas chromatograph.
7. The method for preparing the refrigerant replacing R22 as claimed in claim 4, wherein the predetermined standard is that the purity of each raw material reaches more than 99.99%.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the cleaning agent comprises propane having a purity meeting the predetermined criteria.
9. The method for preparing the refrigerant replacing R22 according to claim 3, wherein the step of evacuating the cleaned mixed pressure vessel comprises: and reducing the absolute pressure in the cleaned mixed pressure container to 0-0.15 Pa.
10. Use of a refrigerant replacing R22 as set forth in any of claims 1-2, wherein the replacing R22 is directly injected into the refrigeration equipment.
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