CN113479065A - Motor active short circuit control circuit and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Motor active short circuit control circuit and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113479065A CN113479065A CN202110862497.8A CN202110862497A CN113479065A CN 113479065 A CN113479065 A CN 113479065A CN 202110862497 A CN202110862497 A CN 202110862497A CN 113479065 A CN113479065 A CN 113479065A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
Abstract
The invention discloses a motor active short circuit control circuit and a driving method thereof. The circuit comprises a driving power supply, an active short circuit driving circuit, a first driving circuit, a second driving circuit, a first bridge arm circuit, a second bridge arm circuit, a first detection circuit and a second detection circuit; the driving power supply provides low-voltage signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit; the first detection circuit acquires first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit; the second detection circuit acquires second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit; the active short circuit driving circuit acquires a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor and a power failure signal of a low-voltage power supply, and provides driving control signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit respectively according to the voltage signal and the electric signal; the first driving circuit drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information; and the second driving circuit drives the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the second state information.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the motor technology, in particular to a motor active short circuit control circuit and a driving method thereof.
Background
Most of electric automobiles adopt a storage battery power supply mode, if a motor controller abnormally loses power due to low-voltage storage battery power supply in the driving process of the electric automobiles, the conventional power device drive with power failure protection is generally based on a high-voltage standby power supply, an active short circuit method is triggered to realize protection, and a drive circuit can control lower three tubes or upper three tubes to be simultaneously conducted in the active short circuit process. If the rotating speed of the motor is higher or the motor is driven by other components at the moment, three tubes which are always conducted by the power switching device can be damaged due to over-temperature or over-current.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a motor active short circuit control circuit and a driving method thereof, which are used for ensuring that a power device is not damaged on the basis of abnormal power failure protection of a low-voltage system.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an active short-circuit control circuit for a motor, where the active short-circuit control circuit for a motor includes: the driving circuit comprises a driving power supply, an active short circuit driving circuit, a first driving circuit, a second driving circuit, a first bridge arm circuit, a second bridge arm circuit, a first detection circuit and a second detection circuit;
the driving power supply is respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage power supply, the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit and is used for providing low-voltage signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit;
the first bridge arm circuit comprises a first transistor, a second transistor and a third transistor; the second bridge arm circuit comprises a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor and a sixth transistor; a first pole of the first transistor, a first pole of the second transistor, and a first pole of the third transistor are electrically connected; a second pole of the fourth transistor, a second pole of the fifth transistor, and a second pole of the sixth transistor are electrically connected; the second pole of the first transistor and the first pole of the fourth transistor are electrically connected with a first phase bus of a three-phase bus of the motor; the second pole of the second transistor and the first pole of the fifth transistor are electrically connected with a second phase bus of the three-phase bus of the motor; the second pole of the third transistor and the first pole of the sixth transistor are both electrically connected with a third phase bus of the three-phase motor bus;
the first detection circuit is electrically connected with the control electrode of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit and is used for acquiring first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit;
the second detection circuit is electrically connected with the control electrode of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit and is used for acquiring second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit;
the active short circuit driving circuit is respectively electrically connected with a three-phase bus of the motor, the low-voltage power supply, the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit, and is used for acquiring a voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply and respectively providing driving control signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply;
the first driving circuit is respectively electrically connected with the control electrode of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit and the first detection circuit, and is used for driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information;
the second driving circuit is electrically connected to the control electrode of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit and the second detection circuit, and is configured to drive each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be turned on or off according to the driving control signal and the second state information.
Optionally, the method further includes: a storage capacitor;
the first end of the storage capacitor is electrically connected with the first pole of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit; and the second end of the storage capacitor is electrically connected with the second pole of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
Optionally, the active short circuit driving circuit is electrically connected to the first end and the second end of the storage capacitor, respectively;
and the active short circuit driving circuit is used for acquiring the voltage at two ends of the storage capacitor as the voltage of the three-phase bus of the motor.
Optionally, the active short circuit driving circuit is further electrically connected to the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit;
the active short circuit driving circuit is further configured to output a driving control signal to the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit respectively according to the first state information and/or the second state information.
Optionally, the first detection circuit includes at least one first temperature detection unit and at least one first voltage detection unit;
the first temperature detection unit is used for acquiring temperature information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit;
the first current detection unit is used for acquiring current information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit.
Optionally, the second detection circuit includes at least one second temperature detection unit and at least one second voltage detection unit;
the second temperature detection unit is used for acquiring temperature information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit;
the second current detection unit is used for acquiring current information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
Optionally, the method further includes: a high voltage isolated standby power supply;
the driving power supply is also electrically connected with the high-voltage isolation standby power supply and is used for converting a high-voltage isolation electric signal provided by the high-voltage isolation standby power supply into a low-voltage power supply signal of the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method for a motor active short-circuit control circuit, where the driving method is applied to the motor active short-circuit control circuit in the first aspect, and the driving method includes:
the active short circuit driving circuit acquires a voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply, and provides driving control signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit respectively according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply;
the first detection circuit acquires first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit;
the second detection circuit acquires second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit;
the first driving circuit drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information;
and the second driving circuit drives the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the second state information.
Optionally, the obtaining a voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply, and providing a driving control signal to the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit respectively according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply includes:
acquiring voltage signals of the three-phase bus of the motor and power-down signals of the low-voltage power supply;
judging whether the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor is overvoltage or not according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor;
if so, judging whether the low-voltage power supply is powered down or not according to the power down signal of the low-voltage power supply;
if so, providing an enable signal of a drive control signal to the second drive circuit so as to enable the second drive circuit to drive the conduction of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, and providing a non-enable signal of the drive control signal to the first drive circuit so as to enable the first drive circuit to drive the disconnection of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit; or, providing an enable signal of a drive control signal to the first drive circuit to enable the first drive circuit to drive the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be turned on, and providing a disable signal of the drive control signal to the second drive circuit to enable the second drive circuit to drive the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be turned off;
the first driving circuit drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information, and the driving method includes:
when the first state information is less than or equal to a first preset state value and the first driving circuit receives an enabling signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be conducted;
when the first state information is larger than the first preset state value and/or the first driving circuit receives a non-enable signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be disconnected;
the second driving circuit drives the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the second state information, and the driving method includes:
when the second state information is less than or equal to a second preset state value and the second driving circuit receives an enabling signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be conducted;
and when the second state information is larger than the second preset state value and/or the second driving circuit receives a non-enable signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be disconnected.
Optionally, the active short circuit driving circuit is further electrically connected to the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit, and the driving method further includes:
in the conducting process of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit, if the first state information is greater than the first preset state value, the active short circuit driving circuit provides an enable signal of a driving control signal for the second driving circuit and provides a non-enable signal of the driving control signal for the first driving circuit;
and in the conducting process of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, if the second state information is greater than the first preset state value, the active short circuit driving circuit provides an enable signal of a driving control signal for the first driving circuit and provides a non-enable signal of the driving control signal for the second driving circuit.
According to the embodiment of the invention, first state information of each transistor in a first bridge arm circuit is obtained through a first detection circuit; acquiring a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor and a power failure signal of the low-voltage power supply through the active short circuit driving circuit, and driving a control signal to the first driving circuit according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power failure signal of the low-voltage power supply; the first driving circuit drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on and off according to the driving control signal and the first state information, and avoids overcurrent damage of power devices in the first bridge arm circuit on the basis of realizing active short-circuit protection of the motor. Meanwhile, after the first driving circuit drives each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be disconnected, the second detection circuit acquires second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, and the second driving circuit drives each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be connected or disconnected according to the driving control signal and the second state information, so that power-off protection of the motor is guaranteed, and overcurrent damage of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit and the second bridge arm circuit is avoided. The problem that active power-down protection of the motor is realized only by controlling the conduction of the power device in the first bridge arm circuit in the prior art is solved, and if a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor is an overvoltage signal, the short-circuit current of the power device in the first bridge arm circuit is large, so that the power device in the first bridge arm circuit which is always conducted is damaged due to over-temperature or over-current is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active short circuit control circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another active short-circuit control circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another active short-circuit control circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a driving method of an active short-circuit control circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another driving method of an active short-circuit control circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor active short-circuit control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the motor active short-circuit control circuit includes a driving power supply 10, an active short-circuit driving circuit 20, a first driving circuit 30, a second driving circuit 40, a first bridge arm circuit 50, a second bridge arm circuit 60, a first detection circuit 70, and a second detection circuit 80; the driving power supply 10 is electrically connected to the low voltage power supply 90, the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40, respectively, and is configured to provide low voltage signals to the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40; the first leg circuit 50 includes a first transistor S1, a second transistor S2, and a third transistor S3; second leg circuit 60 includes fourth transistor S4, fifth transistor S5, and sixth transistor S6; a first pole of the first transistor S1, a first pole of the second transistor S2, and a first pole of the third transistor S3; a second pole of the fourth transistor S4, a second pole of the fifth transistor S5, and a second pole of the sixth transistor S6 are electrically connected; the second pole of the first transistor S1 and the first pole of the fourth transistor S4 are both electrically connected to a first phase bus of the three-phase bus of the motor M; the second pole of the second transistor S2 and the first pole of the fifth transistor S5 are both electrically connected with a second phase bus of the three-phase bus of the motor M; the second pole of the third transistor S3 and the first pole of the sixth transistor S6 are both electrically connected to a third phase bus of the three phase bus of the motor M.
The first detection circuit 70 is electrically connected to the control electrodes of the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50, and is configured to obtain first state information of the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50; the second detection circuit 80 is electrically connected to the control electrodes of the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit 60, and is configured to obtain second state information of the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit 60; the active short circuit driving circuit 20 is electrically connected with the motor three-phase bus, the low-voltage power supply 90, the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40 respectively, and is used for acquiring a voltage signal of the motor three-phase bus and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply 90, and providing a driving control signal to the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40 respectively according to the voltage signal of the motor three-phase bus and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply 90; the first driving circuit 30 is electrically connected to the control electrode of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 and the first detection circuit 70, and is configured to drive each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned on or off according to the driving control signal and the first state information; the second driving circuit 40 is electrically connected to the control electrode of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 and the second detection circuit 80, and is configured to drive each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 to be turned on or off according to the driving control signal and the second state information.
In the prior art, in the driving process of an electric vehicle, if abnormal power failure occurs in the low-voltage power supply 90, the motor active short-circuit control circuit triggers and controls the conduction of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to short-circuit and protect the motor M; however, under abnormal conditions such as some motors are out of control or the motors M are driven by other components, the rotating speed of the motors M is still higher, the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 are continuously conducted, and short-circuit currents of the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 are increased, so that over-temperature or over-current damage of the transistors is easily caused. According to the technical scheme, the active short circuit driving circuit 20 is used for acquiring a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor and a power failure signal of the low-voltage power supply 90, and providing a driving control signal for the first driving circuit 30 according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power failure signal of the low-voltage power supply 90; when the low-voltage power supply fails and the continuous rotating speed of the motor M is too high, the active short-circuit control circuit 20 provides a driving control signal for the first driving circuit 30 when acquiring a power failure signal and a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor M, wherein the power failure signal and the voltage signal are too high; then, first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 is obtained through the first detection circuit 70; illustratively, the first state information includes temperature information and current information; the first driving circuit 30 drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned on and off according to the driving control signal and the first state information, and specifically, when the driving control signal is received and the first state information is less than or equal to a first preset state value, drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned on; when the driving control signal is received and the first state information is greater than the first preset state value, the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 are driven to be disconnected, so that overcurrent damage of the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 is avoided on the basis of realizing active short-circuit protection of the motor. Meanwhile, after the first driving circuit 30 drives each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned off, the second detecting circuit 80 obtains second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60, and the second driving circuit 40 drives each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 to be turned on or turned off according to the driving control signal and the second state information, specifically, when the driving control signal is received and the second state information is less than or equal to a second preset state value, each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 is driven to be turned on; when the driving control signal is received and the second state information is greater than the second preset state value, the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit 60 are driven to be disconnected, so that the power-down protection of the motor is ensured, and the overcurrent damage of the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 and the second bridge arm circuit 60 is also avoided.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the active short-circuit control circuit of the motor further includes a storage capacitor C; a first end of the storage capacitor C is electrically connected to a first pole of each transistor in the first leg circuit 50; a second terminal of storage capacitor C is electrically connected to a second pole of each transistor in second leg circuit 60.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the active short circuit driving circuit 20 is electrically connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the storage capacitor C, respectively; the active short circuit driving circuit 20 is configured to collect voltages at two ends of the storage capacitor C as voltages of a three-phase bus of the motor.
Wherein, under the abnormal conditions such as motor M is out of control or motor M is driven by other parts, motor M rotational speed was still higher this moment, and the counter electromotive force of motor lasts for storage capacitor C charges this moment to lead to the voltage overvoltage at storage capacitor C both ends, the voltage overvoltage of motor three-phase bus promptly, thereby the initiative short circuit drive circuit 20 detects the voltage signal of motor three-phase bus to be voltage overvoltage signal.
Optionally, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another active short-circuit control circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 2, the active short driving circuit 20 is also electrically connected to the first detection circuit 70 and the second detection circuit 80; the active short driving circuit 20 is further configured to output a driving control signal to the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit according to the first state information and/or the second state information.
Wherein, when the first driving circuit 30 receives the driving control signal and the first state information is less than or equal to the first preset state value, after the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 are driven to be turned on, the motor M continuously rotates at a high speed, the short-circuit current of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 continuously increases, and when the active short-circuit driving circuit 20 detects that the first state information is greater than the first preset state value, and when the second state information is less than or equal to the second preset state value, a driving control signal is output to the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40, the first driving circuit 40 drives each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be disconnected, the second driving circuit 40 drives each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 50 to be connected, the connection of the first bridge arm circuit 50 is switched to a short-circuit protection motor passing through each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60, and overcurrent damage of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 is avoided.
After the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit 60 are driven to be turned on, the motor M still continuously rotates at a high speed, the short-circuit current of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 continuously increases, when the second state information is greater than the second preset state value and the first state information is less than or equal to the second preset state value, the driving control signal is output to the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40, the second driving circuit 40 drives each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned off, the first driving circuit 30 drives each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned on, the second bridge arm circuit 60 is switched to be turned on through each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to protect the motor, and overcurrent damage of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 is avoided. By switching the conduction of each transistor in first leg circuit 50 and each transistor in second leg circuit 60 in this way, damage to each transistor is completely avoided.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the first detection circuit 70 includes at least one first temperature detection unit 71 and at least one first current detection unit 72; the first temperature detection unit 71 is configured to obtain temperature information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit; first current detecting unit 72 is configured to obtain current information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit.
When the temperature information of each transistor acquired by the first temperature detection unit 71 is less than or equal to a preset temperature value, or when the current information of each transistor acquired by the first current detection unit 72 is less than a preset current value, that is, the first state information is less than or equal to a first preset state value; the first driving circuit 30 drives each transistor in each first bridge arm circuit 50 to be conducted; when the first temperature detection unit 71 obtains that the temperature information of one of the transistors is greater than the preset temperature value, or when the first current detection unit 72 obtains that the current information of one of the transistors is greater than the preset current value, that is, the first state information is greater than the first preset state value, the first drive circuit 30 drives each transistor in each first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned off.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another active short-circuit control circuit of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 3, the second detection circuit 80 includes at least one second temperature detection unit 81 and at least one second current detection unit 82; the second temperature detection unit 81 is configured to obtain temperature information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit; the second current detection unit 82 is configured to obtain current information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
When the temperature information of each transistor acquired by the second temperature detection unit 81 is less than or equal to a preset temperature value, or when the current information of each transistor acquired by the second current detection unit 82 is less than a preset current value, that is, the second state information is less than or equal to a second preset state value; the second driving circuit 40 drives each transistor in each second bridge arm circuit 60 to be conducted; when the second temperature detection unit 81 obtains that the temperature information of one of the transistors is greater than the preset temperature value, or when the second current detection unit 82 obtains that the current information of one of the transistors is greater than the preset current value, that is, the second state information is greater than the second preset state value, the second drive circuit 40 drives each transistor in each second bridge arm circuit 60 to be turned off.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the active short-circuit control circuit of the motor further includes a high-voltage isolation standby power supply 100; the driving power supply 10 is also electrically connected to the high-voltage isolation backup power supply 100, and is configured to convert the high-voltage isolation electrical signal provided by the high-voltage isolation backup power supply 100 into a low-voltage power supply signal for the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40.
The high-voltage standby power supply 100 serves as an isolation high-voltage standby power supply, the isolation high-voltage standby power supply provides the minimum input voltage of 60V, and the maximum input voltage is the highest voltage allowed by the motor short-circuit control circuit; the driving power supply 10 converts the high voltage isolation electrical signal provided by the high voltage isolation backup power supply 100 into the low voltage power supply signal of the first driving circuit 30 and the second driving circuit 40 to provide the uninterruptible power supply when the low voltage power supply 90 is powered down.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a driving method of a motor active short-circuit control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method is applied to the motor active short-circuit control circuit, and as shown in fig. 4, the driving method specifically includes the following steps:
s110, the active short circuit driving circuit obtains a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply, and provides driving control signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit respectively according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply.
S120, the first detection circuit acquires first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit.
S130, the second detection circuit acquires second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
And S140, the first driving circuit drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information.
And S150, the second driving circuit drives the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the second state information.
The driving principle of the motor active short circuit control circuit is as follows: the active short circuit driving circuit 20 obtains a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply 90, and provides a driving control signal to the first driving circuit 30 according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply; then, first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 is obtained through the first detection circuit 70; the first driving circuit 30 drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned on and off according to the driving control signal and the first state information, and specifically, when the driving control signal is received and the first state information is less than or equal to a first preset state value, drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned on; when the driving control signal is received and the first state information is greater than the first preset state value, the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit 50 are driven to be disconnected, so that overcurrent damage of power devices in the first bridge arm circuit 50 is avoided on the basis of realizing active short-circuit protection of the motor. Meanwhile, after the first driving circuit 30 drives each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit 50 to be turned off, the second detecting circuit 80 obtains second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60, and the second driving circuit 40 drives each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 to be turned on or turned off according to the driving control signal and the second state information, specifically, when the driving control signal is received and the second state information is less than or equal to a second preset state value, each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit 60 is driven to be turned on; when the driving control signal is received and the second state information is greater than the second preset state value, the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit 50 are driven to be switched off, so that the power failure protection of the motor is ensured, and the overcurrent damage of the power devices in the first bridge arm circuit 50 and the second bridge arm circuit 60 is also avoided.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, further refinement is performed, and fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a driving method of another motor active short-circuit control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5; the driving method includes:
and S210, acquiring a voltage signal of a three-phase bus of the motor and a power failure signal of a low-voltage power supply.
And S220, judging whether the voltage signals of the three-phase bus of the motor are overvoltage or not according to the voltage signals of the three-phase bus of the motor.
And S230, if so, judging whether the low-voltage power supply is powered down or not according to the power down signal of the low-voltage power supply.
The active short circuit driving circuit is electrically connected with the first end and the second end of the storage capacitor C respectively and used for collecting voltages at two ends of the storage capacitor C to serve as voltages of a three-phase bus of the motor. When the motor continuously rotates at a high speed, the voltage signal overvoltage of the three-phase bus of the motor is judged, when the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor is the voltage overvoltage signal, whether the low-voltage power supply is powered down is judged, and if the voltage signal overvoltage signal and the power down signal occur at the same time, the driving control signal is output to the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit.
S240, if so, providing an enable signal of the drive control signal to the second drive circuit to enable the second drive circuit to drive the conduction of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, and providing a non-enable signal of the drive control signal to the first drive circuit to enable the first drive circuit to drive the disconnection of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit; or providing an enable signal of the drive control signal to the first drive circuit to enable the first drive circuit to drive the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be connected, and providing a non-enable signal of the drive control signal to the second drive circuit to enable the second drive circuit to drive the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be disconnected.
Wherein the driving control signal comprises an enable signal of the driving control signal and a non-enable signal of the driving control signal. The active short circuit driving circuit outputs an enabling signal of a driving control signal to control the first driving circuit or the second driving circuit to be conducted, so that the motor is protected by short circuit of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit or each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit. The active short circuit driving circuit outputs a non-enable signal of a driving control signal to control the first driving circuit or the second driving circuit to be disconnected so as to avoid overcurrent damage of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit and each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
S250, the first detection circuit acquires first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit.
And S260, the second detection circuit acquires second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
And S270, when the first state information is smaller than or equal to the first preset state value and the first driving circuit receives an enabling signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be conducted.
Specifically, the first driving circuit drives each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be turned on to short-circuit protect the motor through each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit when the first state information is smaller than or equal to a first preset state value and the first driving circuit receives an enable signal of the driving control signal according to the first state information and the driving control signal.
When the first state information is greater than a first preset state value and the second state information is less than or equal to the first preset state value, the active short circuit driving circuit provides an enable signal of a driving control signal for the second driving circuit and provides a non-enable signal of the driving control signal for the first driving circuit; the active short circuit driving circuit controls the first driving circuit to drive so as to disconnect each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit, and simultaneously controls the second driving circuit to drive so as to conduct each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, so that the active short circuit driving circuit controls the conduction state of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched to the conduction state of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, and the motor is protected by short circuit of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit. And overcurrent damage of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit is avoided.
When the second state information is greater than a second preset state value and the first state information is less than or equal to a first preset state value, the active short-circuit driving circuit provides a non-enable signal of a driving control signal for the second driving circuit and provides an enable signal of the driving control signal for the first driving circuit; the active short circuit driving circuit controls the first driving circuit to drive so as to enable all transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be conducted, and simultaneously controls the second driving circuit to drive so as to enable all transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be disconnected, so that the situation that all transistors in the second bridge arm circuit are controlled to be conducted and switched to be conducted in all transistors in the first bridge arm circuit through the active short circuit driving circuit is achieved, and overcurrent damage of all transistors in the second bridge arm circuit is avoided.
And S280, when the first state information is larger than a first preset state value and/or the first driving circuit receives a non-enabling signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be disconnected.
Specifically, after the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit are turned on, when the first state information is greater than a first preset state value and the first driving circuit receives a non-enable signal of the driving control signal, the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit are driven to be turned off so as to avoid overcurrent damage of the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit.
And S290, when the second state information is less than or equal to a second preset state value and the second driving circuit receives an enable signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be conducted.
Specifically, after the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit are disconnected, when the second state information is less than or equal to a second preset state value and the second driving circuit receives an enable signal of the driving control signal, the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit are driven to be turned on to protect the motor through short circuit of the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit, and overcurrent damage of the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit is avoided.
And S300, when the second state information is larger than a second preset state value and/or the second driving circuit receives a non-enabling signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be disconnected.
After the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit are switched on, when the second state information is larger than a second preset state value and the second driving circuit receives a non-enabling signal of the driving control signal, the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit are driven to be switched off so as to avoid overcurrent damage of the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An active short circuit control circuit for an electric machine, comprising: the driving circuit comprises a driving power supply, an active short circuit driving circuit, a first driving circuit, a second driving circuit, a first bridge arm circuit, a second bridge arm circuit, a first detection circuit and a second detection circuit;
the driving power supply is respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage power supply, the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit and is used for providing low-voltage signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit;
the first bridge arm circuit comprises a first transistor, a second transistor and a third transistor; the second bridge arm circuit comprises a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor and a sixth transistor; a first pole of the first transistor, a first pole of the second transistor, and a first pole of the third transistor are electrically connected; a second pole of the fourth transistor, a second pole of the fifth transistor, and a second pole of the sixth transistor are electrically connected; the second pole of the first transistor and the first pole of the fourth transistor are electrically connected with a first phase bus of a three-phase bus of the motor; the second pole of the second transistor and the first pole of the fifth transistor are electrically connected with a second phase bus of the three-phase bus of the motor; the second pole of the third transistor and the first pole of the sixth transistor are both electrically connected with a third phase bus of the three-phase motor bus;
the first detection circuit is electrically connected with the control electrode of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit and is used for acquiring first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit;
the second detection circuit is electrically connected with the control electrode of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit and is used for acquiring second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit;
the active short circuit driving circuit is respectively electrically connected with a three-phase bus of the motor, the low-voltage power supply, the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit, and is used for acquiring a voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply and respectively providing driving control signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply;
the first driving circuit is respectively electrically connected with the control electrode of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit and the first detection circuit, and is used for driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information;
the second driving circuit is electrically connected to the control electrode of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit and the second detection circuit, and is configured to drive each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be turned on or off according to the driving control signal and the second state information.
2. The active short circuit control circuit of an electric machine of claim 1, further comprising: a storage capacitor;
the first end of the storage capacitor is electrically connected with the first pole of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit; and the second end of the storage capacitor is electrically connected with the second pole of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
3. The active short circuit control circuit of claim 2, wherein the active short circuit drive circuit is electrically connected to the first and second terminals of the storage capacitor, respectively;
and the active short circuit driving circuit is used for acquiring the voltage at two ends of the storage capacitor as the voltage of the three-phase bus of the motor.
4. The active short control circuit of an electric machine of claim 1, wherein the active short drive circuit is further electrically connected to the first and second detection circuits;
the active short circuit driving circuit is further configured to output a driving control signal to the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit respectively according to the first state information and/or the second state information.
5. The active short circuit control circuit of an electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the first detection circuit comprises at least one first temperature detection unit and at least one first current detection unit;
the first temperature detection unit is used for acquiring temperature information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit;
the first current detection unit is used for acquiring current information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit.
6. The active short circuit control circuit of an electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the second detection circuit comprises at least one second temperature detection unit and at least one second current detection unit;
the second temperature detection unit is used for acquiring temperature information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit;
the second current detection unit is used for acquiring current information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit.
7. The active short circuit control circuit of an electric machine of claim 1, further comprising: a high voltage isolated standby power supply;
the driving power supply is also electrically connected with the high-voltage isolation standby power supply and is used for converting a high-voltage isolation electric signal provided by the high-voltage isolation standby power supply into a low-voltage power supply signal of the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit.
8. A driving method of an active short-circuit control circuit of a motor, which is applied to the active short-circuit control circuit of a motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the driving method comprising:
the active short circuit driving circuit acquires a voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and a power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply, and provides driving control signals for the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit respectively according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply;
the first detection circuit acquires first state information of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit;
the second detection circuit acquires second state information of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit;
the first driving circuit drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information;
and the second driving circuit drives the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the second state information.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein obtaining the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply, and providing the driving control signals to the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit according to the voltage signal of the three-phase bus of the motor and the power-down signal of the low-voltage power supply respectively comprises:
acquiring voltage signals of the three-phase bus of the motor and power-down signals of the low-voltage power supply;
judging whether the voltage signals of the three-phase bus of the motor are overvoltage or not according to the voltage signals of the three-phase bus of the motor;
if so, judging whether the low-voltage power supply is powered down or not according to the power down signal of the low-voltage power supply;
if so, providing an enable signal of a drive control signal to the second drive circuit so as to enable the second drive circuit to drive the conduction of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, and providing a non-enable signal of the drive control signal to the first drive circuit so as to enable the first drive circuit to drive the disconnection of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit; or, providing an enable signal of a drive control signal to the first drive circuit to enable the first drive circuit to drive the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be turned on, and providing a disable signal of the drive control signal to the second drive circuit to enable the second drive circuit to drive the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be turned off;
the first driving circuit drives the transistors in the first bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the first state information, and the driving method includes:
when the first state information is less than or equal to a first preset state value and the first driving circuit receives an enabling signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be conducted;
when the first state information is larger than the first preset state value and/or the first driving circuit receives a non-enable signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit to be disconnected;
the second driving circuit drives the transistors in the second bridge arm circuit to be switched on or switched off according to the driving control signal and the second state information, and the driving method includes:
when the second state information is less than or equal to a second preset state value and the second driving circuit receives an enabling signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be conducted;
and when the second state information is larger than the second preset state value and/or the second driving circuit receives a non-enable signal of the driving control signal, driving each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit to be disconnected.
10. The driving method of an active short circuit control circuit of an electric motor according to claim 9, wherein the active short circuit driving circuit is further electrically connected to the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit, the driving method further comprising:
in the conducting process of each transistor in the first bridge arm circuit, if the first state information is greater than the first preset state value, the active short circuit driving circuit provides an enable signal of a driving control signal for the second driving circuit and provides a non-enable signal of the driving control signal for the first driving circuit;
and in the conducting process of each transistor in the second bridge arm circuit, if the second state information is greater than the first preset state value, the active short circuit driving circuit provides an enable signal of a driving control signal for the first driving circuit and provides a non-enable signal of the driving control signal for the second driving circuit.
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