CN113477075B

CN113477075B - Electrochemical air purifying and sterilizing device and electrochemical air purifying and sterilizing method

Info

Publication number: CN113477075B
Application number: CN202110647570.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严义清; 刘德桃; 严方升
Original assignee: Shenzhen Puremate Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Puremate Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-10
Filing date: 2021-06-10
Publication date: 2022-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-10
Also published as: CN113477075A; WO2022257160A1

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrochemical air purification and disinfection device and an electrochemical air purification and disinfection method applied to the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device. The electrochemical air purification and disinfection device comprises an electrochemical reactor, wherein the electrochemical reactor comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, an ionic conductor and a direct current power supply; the direct current power supply is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the first electrode is electrically connected with one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the second electrode is electrically connected with the other one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the ion conductor is clamped between the first electrode and the second electrode; one of the first electrode and the second electrode, which is electrically connected with the negative electrode, is a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst. The technical scheme of the invention can realize the catalytic decomposition of gaseous pollutants in the air into carbon dioxide and water, and simultaneously sterilize and inactivate viruses.

Description

Electrochemical air purifying and sterilizing device and electrochemical air purifying and sterilizing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of air purification and disinfection, in particular to an electrochemical air purification and disinfection device and an electrochemical air purification and disinfection method applied to the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device.

Background

The air mainly contains gaseous pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene series, organic chloride, organic ketone, alcohol, ether, petroleum hydrocarbon compounds, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and the like, and the gaseous pollutants not only cause the pollution hazard of the atmospheric environment, but also seriously threaten the health of people.

At present, the degradation of the gaseous pollutants mainly adopts a reaction degradation technology. The reaction degradation technology can realize the degradation of volatile organic compounds, and the adopted catalyst can be used for a long time, so the method is widely applied. However, the reaction degradation technology generally adopts low-temperature plasma and catalytic oxidation technology, and has the problems of secondary pollution and catalyst poisoning failure.

In addition, there are also treatment methods for electrochemically degrading gaseous pollutants in an electrolyte. Namely, gaseous pollutants are introduced into the electrolyte, and are degraded through the oxidation-reduction reaction of the anode and the cathode in the electrolyte. However, this treatment is inefficient in degrading gaseous pollutants and is not suitable for gaseous organic pollutants with poor water solubility.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide an electrochemical air purification and disinfection device and an electrochemical air purification and disinfection method applied to the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device, aiming at realizing the catalytic decomposition of gaseous pollutants in the air into carbon dioxide and water and simultaneously quickly sterilizing and inactivating viruses.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrochemical air purification and sterilization device, which includes an electrochemical reactor, the electrochemical reactor including a first electrode, a second electrode, an ionic conductor, and a dc power supply;

the direct current power supply is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the first electrode is electrically connected with one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the second electrode is electrically connected with the other one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the ion conductor is clamped between the first electrode and the second electrode;

one of the first electrode and the second electrode electrically connected with the negative electrode is a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the ion conductor is a porous material loaded with an electrolyte.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the porous material for the ionic conductor is at least one of ceramic, zeolite, silica, alumina, diatomaceous earth, amorphous activated carbon, and a porous material of a metal organic framework;

and/or the process of the porous material loading electrolyte comprises at least one of the processes of dipping, coating, evaporation and embedding doping;

and/or in the ion conductor, the dry weight ratio of the electrolyte to the porous material is (0.001-4): 1.

in an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte for the ionic conductor is at least one of sulfate, phosphate, carbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, borate, citrate, silicate, boron oxide, and phosphorus oxide.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the sulfate includes at least one of lithium sulfate, lithium bisulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium bisulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium bisulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, and barium sulfate;

the phosphate comprises at least one of sodium phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, zinc hydrogen phosphate, ferrous phosphate, copper phosphate, lithium dihydrogen phosphate, dilithium hydrogen phosphate and lithium iron phosphate;

the fluoride salt comprises at least one of sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, zinc fluoride, magnesium fluoride, ferrous fluoride and copper fluoride;

the chloride salt comprises at least one of lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, ferrous chloride and copper chloride;

the bromide salt comprises at least one of lithium bromide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, magnesium bromide, ferrous bromide and copper bromide;

the iodide salt comprises at least one of lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, calcium iodide, zinc iodide, magnesium iodide, ferrous iodide and copper iodide;

the nitrate comprises at least one of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate, magnesium nitrate, ferrous nitrate and copper nitrate;

the borate comprises at least one of sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, potassium borate, potassium tetraborate, calcium borate, ferric borate, magnesium borate, lithium borate and lithium tetraborate;

the carbonate comprises at least one of lithium carbonate, lithium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate and magnesium carbonate;

the citrate comprises at least one of lithium citrate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, calcium citrate, zinc citrate, magnesium citrate and ferrous citrate;

the silicate comprises at least one of sodium silicate, potassium silicate and lithium silicate.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the active component of the transition metal catalyst is at least one of simple substances, oxides, hydroxides, oxychlorides, alloys, and ionic complexes of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, and cerium;

and/or the conductive material is at least one of carbon-based porous conductive materials of graphite, graphite felt, graphene, carbon nano tubes, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon felt, reticular glass carbon foam, activated carbon and activated carbon fibers;

and/or the loading amount of the transition metal catalyst is 0.01-1000% by mass fraction.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode and the second electrode are both made of a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst, and the first electrode and the second electrode can exchange an electrical connection relationship between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical air purifying and sterilizing device further includes an airflow channel, and the first electrode, the ionic conductor and the second electrode are disposed in the airflow channel and sequentially disposed along an airflow direction or a reverse direction, so that air containing gaseous pollutants sequentially passes through the first electrode, the ionic conductor and the second electrode, or sequentially passes through the second electrode, the ionic conductor and the first electrode.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the ion conductor has a first surface and a second surface oppositely disposed, the first electrode covers the first surface, and the second electrode covers the second surface;

the ion conductor is provided with a plurality of air flow through holes which are communicated with the first surface and the second surface.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the aperture of the airflow through hole is 0.01mm to 30 mm.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical air purification and sterilization device comprises a plurality of electrochemical reactors, and the plurality of electrochemical reactors are arranged in parallel or in series.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electrochemical air purification and disinfection method, which is applied to an electrochemical air purification and disinfection device, wherein the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device comprises an electrochemical reactor, and the electrochemical reactor comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, an ionic conductor and a direct current power supply;

one of the first electrode and the second electrode which is electrically connected with the negative electrode is a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst;

the electrochemical air purification and disinfection method comprises the following steps:

applying a direct current voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;

and introducing air containing gaseous pollutants from one side of the first electrode or one side of the second electrode, allowing the air to flow through the ion conductor and then flow out after passing through the other corresponding electrode, wherein the first electrode or the second electrode generates active species to degrade the gaseous pollutants and sterilize and inactivate viruses.

In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature in the process of degrading gaseous pollutants is controlled within the range of-50 ℃ to 90 ℃;

and/or the relative humidity of the air containing the gaseous pollutants is 1-100%;

and/or the direct current voltage is 0.1V-3000V;

and/or the direct current adapted to the direct current voltage is 0.1 mA-100000 mA.

In an embodiment of the present invention, after the step of applying a dc voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, the method further includes:

and switching the electrical connection relation between the first electrode and the second electrode and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply at preset intervals.

According to the technical scheme, one of the first electrode and the second electrode, which is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, is made of a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst, so that oxygen can be continuously reduced to generate hydrogen peroxide, the generated hydrogen peroxide can continuously generate high-concentration hydroxyl radical active substances through electrochemical reaction under the action of the transition metal catalyst, and the generated hydroxyl radical active substances can decompose gaseous pollutants into cleaning substances such as carbon dioxide, water and the like through oxidation, so that the degradation of the gaseous pollutants is realized, and meanwhile, the sterilization and the virus inactivation are fast realized.

In addition, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the gaseous pollutants are decomposed to obtain carbon dioxide, water and other cleaning substances, so that the problem of secondary pollution is avoided. In addition, the technical scheme of the invention is completely implemented in a gas phase environment, does not need to introduce gaseous pollutants into the electrolyte, and can be well suitable for degrading gaseous organic pollutants with poor water solubility.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrochemical reactor of the electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the peak value of hydroxyl radicals detected by the electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides an electrochemical air purification and disinfection device which is based on an electrochemical method and can be used for realizing the catalytic decomposition of gaseous pollutants in air into carbon dioxide and water and simultaneously realizing sterilization and virus inactivation.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the electrochemical air purification and sterilization apparatus of the present invention, the electrochemical air purification and sterilization apparatus includes an electrochemical reactor, the electrochemical reactor includes a first electrode 1, a second electrode 2, an ion conductor 3, and a dc power source 4;

the direct current power supply 4 is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the first electrode 1 is electrically connected with one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the second electrode 2 is electrically connected with the other one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the ion conductor 3 is clamped between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2;

one of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 electrically connected to the negative electrode is a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst.

It should be noted that, in the technical solution of this embodiment, a dc power supply is used. One of the first electrode and the second electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply so as to be used as the anode of the electrochemical reaction; the other of the first electrode and the second electrode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply so as to be used as the cathode of the electrochemical reaction; one of the first electrode and the second electrode as a cathode for electrochemical reaction employs a conductive material supporting a transition metal catalyst. The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively arranged at two sides of the ion conductor and are respectively tightly attached to the ion conductor so as to form the electrochemical reactor with a sandwich structure. The electrochemical reactor functions according to the following principle:

when the DC power supply is electrified, under the action of an externally applied electric field, electrolytes in the ion conductors form a plurality of micro-electrolyte environments connected with each other by absorbing moisture in the air, and the ionization effect drives H⁺Or OH^-The rapid directional migration is under the action of the electric field. Meanwhile, a plurality of micro reaction cells are formed in the first electrode and the second electrode, continuous and durable oxidation-reduction reaction is formed in the micro reaction cells, and O is generated on the anode of the first electrode and the second electrode₂And H⁺Continuously providing raw materials for oxygen reduction reaction of corresponding cathode, and generating H with high efficiency₂O₂Providing the key base conditions. I.e. O formed on the anode₂Providing a source of oxygen to the cathode, with H being formed⁺Migrating to the cathode to supply H for the reduction of the oxygen to obtain electrons⁺A source. At the same time, the cathode can continuously supply O₂Reduction and H formation₂O₂Generation of H₂O₂The high-concentration hydroxyl radical active substance can be continuously generated through electrochemical reaction under the action of the transition metal catalyst, and the generated hydroxyl radical active substance can decompose gaseous pollutants into cleaning substances such as carbon dioxide, water and the like through oxidation, so that the gaseous pollutants are degraded, and meanwhile, the sterilization and the virus inactivation are performed quickly.

Therefore, it can be understood that the technical solution of the present embodiment actually includes the following two cases:

(1) the first electrode is electrically connected with the anode, and the second electrode is electrically connected with the cathode; in this case, the first electrode is used as an anode for the electrochemical reaction, and the second electrode is used as a cathode for the electrochemical reaction; at this time, the second electrode is a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst.

In this case, the second electrode is made of a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst, and is capable of continuously reducing oxygen to generate hydrogen peroxide, the generated hydrogen peroxide can continuously generate high-concentration hydroxyl radical active substances through electrochemical reaction under the action of the transition metal catalyst, and the generated hydroxyl radical active substances can decompose gaseous pollutants into cleaning substances such as carbon dioxide and water through oxidation, so that the gaseous pollutants are degraded, and simultaneously, the sterilization and virus inactivation are realized.

In addition, after the gaseous pollutants are decomposed, clean substances such as carbon dioxide, water and the like are obtained, so that the problem of secondary pollution is solved. And the method is completely implemented in a gas phase environment, does not need to introduce gaseous pollutants into the electrolyte, and can be well suitable for degrading gaseous organic pollutants with poor water solubility.

In adaptation to the situation, an airflow channel with low wind resistance can be arranged inside the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device; at the moment, the second electrode is arranged in the airflow channel, and air containing gaseous pollutants is introduced into the airflow channel, so that the gaseous pollutants in the cathode pore channel can be degraded by the second electrode, and meanwhile, the sterilization and virus inactivation are realized.

(2) The first electrode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the second electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply; in this case, the first electrode is used as a cathode for the electrochemical reaction, and the second electrode is used as an anode for the electrochemical reaction; at this time, the first electrode is a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst.

In this case, the first electrode is made of a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst, and is capable of continuously reducing oxygen to generate hydrogen peroxide, the generated hydrogen peroxide is capable of continuously generating high-concentration hydroxyl radical active substances through electrochemical reaction under the action of the transition metal catalyst, and the generated hydroxyl radical active substances are capable of decomposing gaseous pollutants into cleaning substances such as carbon dioxide and water through oxidation, so that degradation of the gaseous pollutants is realized, and sterilization and virus inactivation are simultaneously performed.

In addition, after the gaseous pollutants are degraded, clean substances such as carbon dioxide, water and the like are obtained, so that the problem of secondary pollution is solved. And the method is completely implemented in a gas phase environment, does not need to introduce gaseous pollutants into the electrolyte, and can be well suitable for degrading gaseous organic pollutants with poor water solubility.

In adaptation to the situation, an airflow channel with low wind resistance can be arranged inside the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device; at the moment, the first electrode is arranged in the airflow channel, and air containing gaseous pollutants is introduced into the airflow channel, so that the gaseous pollutants in the cathode pore channel can be degraded by the first electrode.

In addition, it should be noted that the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device provided by the present invention may further include a housing, a control system, a conveying device, a conveying pipeline, a flow control device, a detection device, etc., wherein one or more electrochemical reactors may be placed. The conveying pipeline is communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet on the shell, the conveying pipeline is provided with flow control equipment and conveying equipment, the conveying equipment is a fan or an air pump, and the air outlet is provided with a detection device. The electrochemical reactor, the conveying equipment, the flow control equipment and the detection device are all connected with a control system.

Optionally, the active component of the transition metal catalyst is at least one of elementary substances, oxides, hydroxides, oxy-chlorides, alloys and ionic complexes of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and cerium. The simple substances, oxides, hydroxides, oxy chlorides, alloys and ion complexes of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and cerium can be used as active ingredients of the transition metal catalyst, and one or more of the simple substances, the oxides, the hydroxides, the oxy chlorides, the alloys and the ion complexes can be selected and used in the loading process. For example: zero-valent iron or ferric oxychloride can be selected, or the composition is La_0.4Sr_0.6Co_0.4Fe_0.6O₃A perovskite structure type compound, lithium iron phosphate, or a complex of polyphosphoric acid and iron ions.

Optionally, the conductive material is at least one of carbon-based porous conductive materials of graphite, graphite felt, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon felt, reticulated vitreous carbon foam, activated carbon fibers. Carbon-based porous conductive materials such as graphite, graphite felt, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon felt, reticulated vitreous carbon foam, activated carbon, and activated carbon fibers can be used as conductive materials, and one or more of the materials can be selected for combination in preparing a cathode (a first electrode or a second electrode).

Optionally, the loading amount of the transition metal catalyst is 0.01-1000% by mass fraction. For example, the transition metal catalyst may be supported at 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 500%, 600%, 700%, 800%, 900%, or 1000% by mass.

Optionally, the ionic conductor is a porous material loaded with an electrolyte. Wherein:

the porous material for the ionic conductor is at least one of ceramics, zeolite, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, diatomite, amorphous activated carbon and porous materials of metal organic frameworks. The ceramic material, the zeolite material, the silica material, the alumina material, the diatomite material, the amorphous activated carbon material and the metal organic framework material can be used for preparing the porous material, and one or more of the materials can be selected for preparing the ion conductor.

The electrolyte for the ionic conductor is at least one of sulfate, phosphate, carbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, borate, citrate, silicate, boron oxide and phosphorus oxide. Sulfate, phosphate, carbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, borate, citrate, silicate, boron oxide, phosphorus oxide can be used as the electrolyte for the ionic conductor, and one or more combinations thereof can be selected in the preparation of the ionic conductor. It is to be understood that the electrolyte for the ionic conductor may be selected from either a single salt form or a double salt form.

Optionally, the sulfate comprises at least one of lithium sulfate, lithium bisulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium bisulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium bisulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, and barium sulfate;

Optionally, the process of loading the porous material with the electrolyte comprises at least one of impregnation, coating, evaporation, and embedded doping.

Optionally, in the ion conductor, the dry weight ratio of the electrolyte to the porous material is (0.001-4): 1. for example, the dry weight ratio of electrolyte to porous material may be 0.001:1, 0.002:1, 0.005:1, 0.01:1, 0.02:1, 0.05:1, 0.1:1, 0.2:1, 0.5:1, 0.6:1, 0.7:1, 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, or 4: 1.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the electrochemical air purifying and disinfecting device of the present invention, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are both made of a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst, and the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 can exchange an electrical connection relationship between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

Namely, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 both adopt a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst; the first electrode 1 can switch the electrical connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the second electrode 2 can simultaneously switch the electrical connection with the first electrode.

That is, after the operation is performed for a certain period of time in a state that the first electrode 1 is connected with the positive electrode and the second electrode 2 is connected with the negative electrode, the first electrode 1 can be switched to be connected with the negative electrode; at the same time, the second electrode 2 can be switched to connect with the positive electrode. In other words, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 may be alternately used as cathodes for electrochemical reactions. In this case, since the conductive material supporting the transition metal catalyst is used for both the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2, the generation of the hydroxyl radical active material at a high concentration on the negative electrode is not affected. Therefore, after switching, the negative electrode can still decompose the gaseous pollutants into cleaning substances such as carbon dioxide, water and the like through the oxidation of the generated hydroxyl radical active substances, so that the degradation of the gaseous pollutants is realized, and meanwhile, the sterilization and the virus inactivation are realized.

It can be understood that, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the first electrode and the second electrode alternately serve as cathodes to generate H when the electrical connection relationship is switched₂O₂Thereby improving the hydrophilicity of the electrode and increasing O₂Reduction activity, increase of H₂O₂The output is high, hydroxyl radical active substances are generated under the action of a transition metal catalyst, gaseous pollutants are degraded and converted into non-toxic harmless water and carbon dioxide, the air purification efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the air purifier is wide in application range and can sterilize and inactivate viruses.

Specifically, taking the example where the first electrode and the second electrode both support the Fe-containing catalyst, the first electrode and the second electrode can be configured to exchange electrical connection relationship between the positive electrode and the negative electrode under the action of the electric field, and Fe can be formed²⁺And Fe³⁺So that the first and second electrodes can alternately serve as cathodes for electrochemical reactions to continuously generate H during switching between positive and negative power supplies₂O₂Generation of H₂O₂Capable of reacting with a supported Fe-containing catalyst to continuously produce high concentrations of hydroxyl radical reactive species to mineralize gaseous contaminants and produce CO₂And H₂O, etc., and simultaneously sterilizing and inactivating viruses. The configuration mode has the advantages of long service life, low energy consumption, simple process, low cost and the like, and has extremely high application potential in the fields of air purification, industrial pollutant control, biochemical weapon prevention, sterilization, disinfection and the like.

It should be noted that, when the configuration that the first electrode and the second electrode can exchange the electrical connection relationship between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is adopted, the first electrode and the second electrode can be simultaneously placed in the same airflow channel; at this time, the air containing the gaseous pollutants can flow through the two electrodes regardless of the end of the air flow channel, and the gaseous pollutants are degraded by the negative electrode. Of course, the first electrode and the second electrode may be disposed in two different gas flow channels respectively; at the moment, the degradation of gaseous pollutants can be realized by switching the airflow channel where the cathode is positioned to circulate air, and meanwhile, the sterilization and virus inactivation are realized.

Furthermore, in order to exchange the electrical connection relationship between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the dc power source 4, two dc units 4 and one power switch 5 can be used to bridge the electrical circuit relationship between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 in the manner shown in fig. 1 (wherein arrow 6 represents the current direction, arrow 7 represents the gaseous pollutant inlet, and arrow 8 represents the gaseous pollutant outlet). Thus, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 can be switched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the dc power supply 4 by the switching operation of the power switch 5. Any embodiment or modification that can be implemented according to the concept of the figure is within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the electrochemical air purification and sterilization apparatus of the present invention, the electrochemical air purification and sterilization apparatus further includes an airflow channel, and the first electrode 1, the ion conductor 3, and the second electrode 2 are disposed in the airflow channel and sequentially arranged along an airflow direction or an opposite direction, so that air containing gaseous pollutants sequentially passes through the first electrode 1, the ion conductor 3, and the second electrode 2, or sequentially passes through the second electrode 2, the ion conductor 3, and the first electrode 1.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, air containing gaseous pollutants can sequentially pass through the first electrode, the ion conductor and the second electrode to be acted by the cathodes in the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the air is purified, and meanwhile, the air is sterilized and virus is inactivated; alternatively, the air containing gaseous contaminants may pass through the second electrode, the ionic conductor and the first electrode in sequence to be acted upon by the cathodes in the first and second electrodes, thereby being purified and at the same time sterilizing and inactivating viruses.

Therefore, the whole structure of the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device is more compact; moreover, in the process, the air containing the gaseous pollutants can pass through the cathodes in the first electrode and the second electrode and can be in contact with the cathodes more fully, so that the degradation efficiency of the gaseous pollutants can be effectively improved, and the purification efficiency of the air containing the gaseous pollutants is improved.

In order to implement the technical solution of the present embodiment, the first electrode, the ion conductor, and the second electrode are all air-permeable structures.

It can be understood that the first electrode may be made of a breathable conductive material (that is, the first electrode is a breathable electrode, and the breathable electrode may be at least one of a graphite felt, a carbon paper electrode, a carbon fiber cloth electrode, a nickel foam electrode, a titanium foam alloy electrode, a titanium mesh electrode, and a titanium alloy mesh electrode); the ion conductor can be arranged on the first electrode, and the ion conductor is arranged on the second electrode; at the moment, the gas can pass through the first electrode through the plurality of flow guide through holes; and a plurality of flow guide through holes can be further additionally arranged on the basis of the breathable conductive material.

The second electrode can be made of a breathable conductive material (namely, the second electrode is a breathable electrode which can be at least one of a graphite felt, a carbon paper electrode, a carbon fiber cloth electrode, a foamed nickel electrode, a foamed titanium alloy electrode, a titanium mesh electrode and a titanium alloy mesh electrode); the ion conductor can be arranged on the first electrode, and the ion conductor is arranged on the second electrode, or a plurality of flow guide through holes are arranged on the conductive material, so that the surface of the second electrode facing the ion conductor is communicated with the surface of the second electrode facing away from the ion conductor (the cross section of each flow guide through hole can be in a circular shape, a square shape, a diamond shape, an oval shape or an irregular shape, such as a honeycomb structure); at the moment, the gas can pass through the second electrode through the plurality of flow guide through holes; and a plurality of flow guide through holes can be further additionally arranged on the basis of the breathable conductive material.

The ion conductor can adopt a porous material (such as air-permeable ceramic) of an air-permeable type; it can also be realized by arranging a plurality of flow guide through holes (for example, granular structure, honeycomb structure, etc.) on the porous material, which make the surface of the ion conductor facing the first electrode and the surface of the ion conductor facing the second electrode communicate, so that the gas can pass through the ion conductor through the plurality of flow guide through holes; and a plurality of flow guide through holes can be further additionally arranged on the basis of the breathable porous material.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the electrochemical air purifying and disinfecting device of the present invention, the ion conductor has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first electrode covers the first surface, and the second electrode covers the second surface;

Therefore, the air flow through holes can enable the circulation of air to be smoother, the purification rate of the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device is guaranteed, high flow rate and large air volume can be guaranteed, and high purification and disinfection efficiency is achieved.

Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the airflow through hole includes a circle, a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a diamond, an ellipse, and an irregular shape.

In the process of degrading gaseous pollutants and disinfecting by adopting an electrochemical method, the aperture of the airflow through hole influences the purification rate and the purification efficiency at the same time, so that the aperture of the airflow through hole needs to be controlled within the range of 0.01 mm-30 mm, and better effects in the three aspects of purification rate, air resistance and purification efficiency are obtained. For example, the aperture of the air flow hole is 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30 mm.

In an embodiment of the electrochemical air purification and sterilization device, the electrochemical air purification and sterilization device comprises a plurality of electrochemical reactors, and the electrochemical reactors are arranged in parallel or in series. Therefore, the degradation efficiency of the gaseous pollutants can be effectively improved, and the purification and disinfection efficiency of the air containing the gaseous pollutants is improved.

The invention also provides an electrochemical air purification and disinfection method, which is applied to the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device; the electrochemical air purification and disinfection method is based on an electrochemical method, and can be used for realizing catalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants in air and simultaneously sterilizing and inactivating viruses.

In an embodiment of the electrochemical air purification and sterilization method of the present invention, the electrochemical air purification and sterilization method comprises the following steps:

It is understood that the first electrode or the second electrode connected to the negative electrode of the dc power supply is considered to be the cathode, which employs a conductive material supporting a transition metal catalyst that generates H in the reduction reaction by electrons₂O₂(the other anode is oxidized to generate H⁺And O₂) (ii) a Generation of H₂O₂The high-concentration hydroxyl radical active species can be continuously generated through electrochemical reaction under the action of the transition metal catalyst, and the generated hydroxyl radical active species can decompose gaseous pollutants into cleaning substances such as carbon dioxide, water and the like through oxidation, so that the gaseous pollutants are degraded, and meanwhile, the sterilization and the virus inactivation are realized.

In addition, it can be understood that the gas permeation type electrochemical reactor is adopted, and a separate gas inlet system is not required to be configured for the cathode, so that the degradation of gaseous pollutants can be realized by only one set of gas control system in the whole device, the structure of the device is further optimized, and the cost is reduced. In addition, in the process of degrading gaseous pollutants, the purified air can directly permeate through the ion conductor and the anode and then be directly discharged out of the device or directly discharged out of the device after passing through the anode, the ion conductor and the cathode, and cannot be mixed with the subsequently entering air to be purified, so that the degradation efficiency under the high gas flow rate can be effectively improved. And simultaneously, the whole structure of the device is more compact.

It should be noted that the relative humidity of the air containing gaseous pollutants affects the degradation rate and degradation efficiency of the gaseous pollutants, so that the relative humidity of the air containing gaseous pollutants needs to be controlled within a range of 1% to 100%. For example, the relative humidity of air containing gaseous contaminants is 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, or 100%.

In the process of degrading gaseous pollutants by adopting an electrochemical method, the voltage and the current of the direct current power supply are reasonably controlled, so that the voltage of the direct current power supply is controlled within the range of 0.1V-3000V, and the current of the direct current power supply is controlled within the range of 0.1 mA-100000 mA, so that the electrochemical method can effectively degrade the gaseous pollutants. For example, the voltage of the direct current power supply is 0.1V, 0.2V, 0.5V, 1V, 2V, 5V, 10V, 20V, 50V, 100V, 200V, 500V, 1000V, 2000V, or 3000V; the current of the DC power supply is 0.1mA, 0.2mA, 0.5mA, 1mA, 2mA, 5mA, 10mA, 20mA, 50mA, 100mA, 200mA, 500mA, 1000mA, 2000mA, 5000mA, 10000mA, 20000mA, 50000mA or 100000 mA. Wherein, the voltage range of the direct current power supply is preferably 1V-50V, and the current range of the direct current power supply is preferably 3 mA-300 mA.

In the process of degrading the gaseous pollutants by adopting an electrochemical method, the temperature in the process of degrading the gaseous pollutants is reasonably controlled, so that the temperature in the process of degrading the gaseous pollutants is controlled within the range of-50 ℃ to 90 ℃ to improve the degradation rate and the degradation efficiency of the gaseous pollutants. For example, the temperature in the process of degrading gaseous pollutants is-50 ℃, -45 ℃, -40 ℃, -35 ℃, -30 ℃, -20 ℃, -10 ℃, 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ or 90 ℃. Preferably, the temperature during degradation of the gaseous contaminants is between 0 ℃ and 40 ℃.

In an embodiment of the electrochemical air purifying and disinfecting method of the present invention, after the step of applying a dc voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, the method further includes:

That is, after the operation is performed for a certain period of time in a state that the first electrode is connected with the positive electrode and the second electrode is connected with the negative electrode, the first electrode can be switched to be connected with the negative electrode; at the same time, the second electrode can be switched to connect with the positive electrode. In other words, the first electrode and the second electrode may be alternately used as a cathode for an electrochemical reaction. In this case, since the conductive material supporting the transition metal catalyst is used for both the first electrode and the second electrode, the generation of the hydroxyl radical active material at a high concentration on the cathode is not affected. Therefore, after switching, the cathode can still decompose the gaseous pollutants into cleaning substances such as carbon dioxide, water and the like through the oxidation of the generated hydroxyl radical active substances, so that the degradation of the gaseous pollutants is realized, and meanwhile, the sterilization and the virus inactivation are realized.

Before the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device and the electrochemical air purification and disinfection method are used for purifying and disinfecting air containing gaseous pollutants, the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device can be prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparation of the carrier:

the conductive material adopted by the first electrode or the second electrode can be carbon-based porous conductive materials or modified carbon-based porous conductive materials such as graphite, graphite felt, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon felt, reticular glassy carbon foam, activated carbon fibers and the like. Therefore, the carbon-based porous conductive material with the thickness of 0.5 mm-30 mm is cut into a proper size; using 0.01-mol/L sodium sulfate solution as electrolyte, ruthenium iridium titanium electrode as cathode, carbon-based porous conductive material as anode, oxidizing the carbon-based porous conductive material under the conditions of oxidation voltage of 3-50V and oxidation current of 3-1000 mA, and controlling the oxidation time to be 1-60 min to prepare the carrier.

(2) Iron oxychloride (FeOCl), zero-valent iron, perovskite La_0.4Sr_0.6Co_0.4Fe_0.6O₃And the load of the Fe-containing catalyst:

case of supporting iron oxychloride (FeOCl): respectively weighing FeCl according to the mass ratio of (4-9) to (1-6)₃·6H₂O and carrier, and FeCl is prepared by using absolute ethyl alcohol₃·6H₂Completely dissolving O, soaking the carrier in FeCl solution₃·6H₂In the absolute ethyl alcohol of O, after the absolute ethyl alcohol is naturally volatilized or is heated in a water bath to promote the volatilization, drying the residual material at the temperature of 60-120 ℃, then putting the dried residual material into a high-temperature furnace, raising the temperature to 150-250 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of 3-10 ℃/min, and calcining for 2-5 h to prepare the first electrode or the second electrode loaded with the iron chloride (FeOCl) catalyst.

Case of loading zero-valent iron: taking a certain amount of FeSO₄·7H₂Dissolving O in deionized water, and fully soaking the O and the carrier for 6-24 hours; then N is added₂Roasting in a vacuum tube furnace for 1-5 h under the condition of atmosphere and 120-300 ℃; NaBH prepared by using ice and oxygen-free water after cooling₄Solution in N₂Carrying out reduction reaction for 1-3 h in ice-water bath; filtering, washing with oxygen-free anhydrous ethanol and oxygen-free water sequentially, and circulating the washing process for 3 times; drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60-100 deg.C, and storing in N₂And preparing the first electrode or the second electrode loaded with the zero-valent iron catalyst in the atmosphere.

La loaded perovskite_0.4Sr_0.6Co_0.4Fe_0.6O₃The situation of (1): according to the amount ratio of metal ion substances, the metal ion substances are 0.4: 0.6: 0.4: la (NO) was accurately weighed at a ratio of 0.6₃)₃·6H₂O、Sr(NO₃)₂、Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and Fe (NO)₃)₃·9H₂O; adding stoichiometric amount of the above metal nitrateMixed in deionized water, the carrier was soaked therein, and heated at a temperature of 100 ℃ while being stirred. Completely dissolving EDTA by using ammonia water, wherein the molar ratio of EDTA to EDTA is 1: 1-1: 5 adding citric acid. Then, according to the molar ratio of the total metal nitrate, EDTA and citric acid as 1: 1: 1-1: 5: and 5, mixing the EDTA ammonia water solution with the solutions of the nitrates, stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 9-10 by using ammonia water. Then heating and stirring the prepared mixed solution for 1-5 h in a constant temperature water bath at 60-100 ℃ until gel is formed (obtaining dark reddish brown viscous jelly). Putting the generated wet gel into a drying oven, and drying at 100-120 ℃ to obtain dry gel; the obtained dry gel is used as a precursor, is placed in a muffle furnace to be pre-sintered for 1 to 5 hours at the temperature of between 300 and 600 ℃, and then is sintered for 1 to 5 hours at the temperature of between 500 and 1000 ℃ to prepare the loaded perovskite La_0.4Sr_0.6Co_0.4Fe_0.6O₃A first electrode or a second electrode of a catalyst.

(3) Preparing an ion conductor: cutting an ion conductor template material (namely a porous material) into a proper size, wherein the thickness is 0.5 mm-30 mm, a through hole structure with the aperture size of 0.1 mm-30 mm is configured on the ion conductor template material, and loading 0.1 mol/L-1 mol/L electrolyte for loading into the ion conductor template material through doping processes such as dipping, coating, evaporation, embedding and the like, wherein the dry weight ratio of the electrolyte to the porous material is (0.001-4): 1. .

(4) Assembling the electrochemical reactor: the three layers of the first electrode, the ion conductor and the second electrode are sequentially and tightly attached, namely the first electrode and the second electrode are distributed on two sides of the ion conductor to form an electrochemical reactor with a sandwich structure, direct current voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, the voltage value is controlled within the range of 0.1V-1000V, and the current value is controlled within the range of 0.1 mA-100000 mA.

After the operation is finished, air containing gaseous pollutants can be introduced from the first electrode or the second electrode of the electrochemical reactor, and the air passes through the ion conductor and then permeates through the other corresponding electrode to be purified by the cathodes in the first electrode and the second electrode; in the process, after the electrocatalytic decomposition is carried out for 1min to 120min, the electrical connection relationship between the first electrode and the second electrode between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply can be exchanged, and the concentration change of the gaseous pollutants flowing into and out of the electrochemical reactor is detected.

The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device and the electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting method of the present invention are described in detail by the following embodiments:

example 1

(1) Preparation of the first electrode or the second electrode: cutting a graphite felt with the thickness of 5mm into the size of 80mm multiplied by 80mm, using 0.1mol/L sodium sulfate solution as electrolyte, a ruthenium iridium titanium electrode as a cathode, a graphite felt as an anode, and oxidizing the graphite felt (the oxidation voltage is 10V, the oxidation current is 200mA, and the oxidation time is 15min) to obtain a carrier;

weighing FeCl according to the mass ratio of 6:4₃·6H₂O and carrier, and FeCl is added with proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol₃·6H₂Dissolving O, soaking the carrier in the solution, drying the carrier in a vacuum drying oven for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after the absolute ethyl alcohol is naturally volatilized or is heated in a water bath to promote the volatilization, then putting the carrier in a tube furnace to be heated to 220 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, calcining the carrier for 2.5 hours, then ultrasonically washing the carrier for three times by using acetone or the absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the carrier in the vacuum drying oven for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the FeOCl-loaded graphite felt electrode.

(2) Preparing an ion conductor: cutting the zeolite honeycomb plate into the size of 80mm multiplied by 10mm, preparing 1mol/L sodium sulfate solution, and doping the sodium sulfate solution into the porous structure of the zeolite honeycomb plate through an impregnation process (namely, after the zeolite honeycomb plate is soaked in the sodium sulfate solution for 30min, removing the redundant liquid-phase electrolyte solution); wherein the loading capacity of the sodium sulfate electrolyte accounts for 10 percent of the mass of the ion conductor.

(3) Assembling the electrochemical reactor: the first electrode, the ion conductor and the second electrode are sequentially arranged to form an electrochemical reactor with a sandwich structure, and the electrochemical reactor is placed in a fixing groove.

The air purification by using the electrochemical reactor comprises the following steps: introducing gas containing toluene into electrochemical reactor, wherein the concentration of toluene is 20ppm, air is used as balance gas, and the total flow rate is controlled to be 20ml/min by gas mass flow meter. Then, a direct current voltage of 10V and a current of 200mA are applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrodes are exchanged after 60min, and the concentration of the gas pollutants passing through the electrochemical reactor before and after each electrode exchange is detected at the gas outlet of the electrochemical reactor.

Through detection and analysis, the concentration of toluene at the initial inlet is 20ppm, the concentration of toluene at the outlet is reduced to 5.0ppm after 30min, and the hydroxyl free radicals are qualitatively detected to be shown in figure 2 (cathode); at 60min after the first electrode switching, the concentration of toluene at the outlet is 5.1ppm, and the hydroxyl radical is qualitatively detected to be shown in figure 2 (1-cathode), so that the peak value of the hydroxyl radical at the cathode is reduced compared with the peak value of the hydroxyl radical at the initial cathode (the peak of the hydroxyl radical at 400-450nm, and the peak at 350-400nm is the peak of the trapping agent); at 60min after the second electrode switching, the concentration of toluene at the outlet was 4.5ppm, and the hydroxyl radical peak value was larger than that of the original cathode by qualitative detection as shown in fig. 2 (2-cathode); after the third electrode switching, at 60min, the concentration of toluene at the outlet was 4.0ppm, and the hydroxyl radical was qualitatively detected to have the maximum peak value of hydroxyl radical generation as shown in fig. 2 (3-cathode).

Example 2

weighing FeCl according to the mass ratio of 5:5₃·6H₂O and carrier, FeCl is added with proper amount of water₃·6H₂Dissolving O, soaking the carrier in the solution, drying the carrier in a vacuum drying oven for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after water is naturally volatilized or is heated in a water bath to promote the volatilization, then putting the carrier into a tube furnace to be heated to 220 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, calcining the carrier for 2.5 hours, then ultrasonically washing the carrier for three times by using acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the carrier in the vacuum drying oven for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the FeOCl-loaded graphite felt electrode.

(2) Preparing an ion conductor: cutting the activated carbon honeycomb plate into the size of 80mm multiplied by 10mm, preparing 2mol/L lithium phosphate solution, and doping the lithium phosphate solution into the porous structure of the activated carbon honeycomb plate through a coating process; wherein the lithium phosphate electrolyte load is 20% of the mass of the ionic conductor; and standing the activated carbon honeycomb plate for 30min at room temperature after coating, and then using the activated carbon honeycomb plate.

The air purification by using the electrochemical reactor comprises the following steps: introducing gas containing toluene into an electrochemical reactor, wherein the concentration of toluene is 20ppm, air is used as balance gas, and the total flow rate is controlled to be 20ml/min by a gas mass flow meter. Then, a direct current voltage of 8V and a current of 100mA were applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrodes were exchanged after 60min, and the concentration of the gaseous pollutants that did not pass through the electrochemical reactor and that passed through the electrochemical reactor each time the electrodes were exchanged was detected at the gas outlet of the electrochemical reactor.

Through detection and analysis, the concentration of the toluene at the initial inlet is 20ppm, and the concentration of the toluene at the outlet is reduced to 3.5ppm after 30 min; the concentration of toluene at the outlet is 3.2ppm 60min after the first electrode switching, the concentration of toluene at the outlet is 2.5ppm 60min after the second electrode switching, and the concentration of toluene at the outlet is reduced to 2.4ppm 60min after the third electrode switching.

Example 3

weighing FeCl according to the mass ratio of 7:3₃·6H₂O and carrier, and FeCl is added with proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol₃·6H₂Dissolving O, soaking the carrier in the solution until the absolute ethyl alcohol naturally volatilizesOr heating in water bath to promote volatilization, drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 24h, putting the vacuum drying oven in a tube furnace at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min to 220 ℃, calcining for 2.5h, then ultrasonically washing with acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol for three times, and drying in the vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 24h to obtain the FeOCl-loaded graphite felt electrode.

(2) Preparing an ion conductor: preparing 8mol/L magnesium nitrate solution, mixing the magnesium nitrate solution and the ceramic powder raw material at high speed, pressing and molding, and then sintering at low temperature of 300 ℃ to obtain the porous ceramic ionic conductor doped with magnesium nitrate.

The air purification by using the electrochemical reactor comprises the following steps: introducing formaldehyde-containing gas into an electrochemical reactor, wherein the concentration of formaldehyde is 10ppm, air is used as balance gas, and the total flow rate is controlled to be 20ml/min by a gas mass flow meter. Then, a direct current voltage of 6.0V and a current of 80mA were applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrodes were exchanged after 30min, and the concentration of the gaseous pollutants that did not pass through the electrochemical reactor and that passed through the electrochemical reactor each time the electrodes were exchanged was detected at the gas outlet of the electrochemical reactor.

Through detection and analysis, the concentration of formaldehyde at the initial inlet is 10ppm, and the concentration at the outlet is reduced to 0.6ppm after 30 min; the formaldehyde concentration at the outlet is reduced to 0.8ppm 60min after the first electrode switching, 0.5ppm 60min after the second electrode switching, and 0.2ppm 60min after the third electrode switching.

Example 4

weighing FeSO according to the mass ratio of 6:4₄·7H₂O and a carrier, FeSO₄·7H₂Dissolving O in deionized water, and fully soaking the O and the carrier for 24 hours; then roasting for 4 hours in a vacuum tube furnace under the atmosphere of N2 at the temperature of 300 ℃; after cooling, the NaBH4 solution prepared by using ice-free oxygen-free water is subjected to reduction reaction for 2 hours in N2 ice-water bath; filtering, washing with oxygen-free anhydrous ethanol and oxygen-free water sequentially, and circulating the above washing process for 3 times; and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 75 ℃ and storing in an N2 atmosphere to prepare the electrode loaded with the zero-valent iron catalyst.

(2) Preparing an ion conductor: cutting an alumina honeycomb plate into the size of 80mm multiplied by 10mm, preparing 1mol/L sodium chloride solution, loading sodium chloride electrolyte into the inner surface structure of the alumina honeycomb plate through a high-temperature evaporation process, and annealing to obtain the ion conductor.

(3) Assembling the electrochemical reactor: the first electrode, the ion conductor and the electrode second electrode are sequentially arranged to form an electrochemical reactor with a sandwich structure, and the electrochemical reactor is placed in a fixing groove.

The air purification by using the electrochemical reactor comprises the following steps: introducing gas containing toluene into an electrochemical reactor, wherein the concentration of toluene is 10ppm, air is used as balance gas, and the total flow rate is controlled to be 20ml/min by a gas mass flow meter. Then, a direct current voltage of 10V and a current of 200mA are applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrodes are exchanged after 60min, and the concentration of the gas pollutants which do not pass through the electrochemical reactor and pass through the electrochemical reactor each time the electrodes are exchanged is detected at the gas outlet of the electrochemical reactor.

Through detection and analysis, the concentration of toluene at the initial inlet is 10ppm, and the concentration of toluene at the outlet is 4.6ppm after 30 min; the concentration of toluene at the outlet is reduced to 4.8ppm 60min after the first electrode switching, the concentration of toluene at the outlet is reduced to 3.2ppm 60min after the second electrode switching, and the concentration of toluene at the outlet is reduced to 2.8 min after the third electrode switching.

Example 5

according to the amount ratio of metal ion substances, the metal ion substances are 0.4: 0.6: 0.4: la (NO) was accurately weighed in a proportion of 0.6₃)₃·6H₂O、Sr(NO₃)₂、Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and Fe (NO)₃)₃·9H₂O; stoichiometric amounts of the above metal nitrates were mixed in deionized water, and the carrier was immersed therein and heated at a temperature of 100 ℃ while stirring. Completely dissolving EDTA with ammonia water, and adding citric acid according to the molar ratio of the EDTA to the EDTA being 1: 2. Then, according to the molar ratio of the total metal nitrate, EDTA and citric acid as 1: 1: and 2, mixing the EDTA ammonia water solution with each nitrate solution, stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 9-10 by using ammonia water. The resulting mixed solution was then heated and stirred in a thermostatic water bath at 80 ℃ for 2h until a gel was formed (a dark reddish brown viscous gum was obtained). Putting the generated wet gel into an oven to be dried to be dry gel at 110 ℃; the obtained dry gel is used as a precursor and is placed in a muffle furnace to be pre-sintered for 4h at 400 ℃ and then sintered for 4h at 800 ℃ to prepare the loaded perovskite La_0.4Sr_0.6Co_0.4Fe_0.6O₃An electrode for a catalyst.

(2) Preparing an ion conductor: cutting zeolite honeycomb plate into 80mm × 80mm × 10mm size, preparing 1mol/L sodium sulfate solution, soaking zeolite honeycomb plate therein for 30min, and filtering out excessive liquid phase.

The air purification by using the electrochemical reactor comprises the following steps: introducing gas containing toluene into an electrochemical reactor, wherein the concentration of toluene is 10ppm, air is used as balance gas, and the total flow rate is controlled to be 20ml/min by a gas mass flow meter. Then, a direct current voltage of 10V and a current of 200mA are applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrodes are exchanged after 60min, and the concentration of the gas pollutants entering the electrochemical reactor before and after the electrodes are exchanged each time is detected at the gas outlet of the electrochemical reactor.

Through detection and analysis, the concentration of the toluene at the initial inlet is 10ppm, and the concentration of the toluene at the outlet is reduced to 1.5ppm after 30 min; the concentration of toluene at the outlet is reduced to 1.9ppm 60min after the first electrode switching, 1.6ppm at the outlet 60min after the second electrode switching, and 1.2ppm at the outlet 60min after the third electrode switching.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrochemical air purification and disinfection device is characterized by comprising an electrochemical reactor, wherein the electrochemical reactor comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, an ionic conductor and a direct current power supply;

one of the first electrode and the second electrode, which is electrically connected with the negative electrode, is made of a conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst, and the ion conductor is made of a porous material loaded with an electrolyte;

the porous material for the ionic conductor is at least one of ceramic, zeolite, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, diatomite, amorphous activated carbon and a porous material with a metal organic framework;

the process of the porous material supporting the electrolyte comprises at least one of impregnation, coating, evaporation and embedded doping processes.

2. The electrochemical air purification and disinfection device of claim 1, wherein in the ionic conductor, the dry weight ratio of the electrolyte to the porous material is (0.001-4): 1.

3. the electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte for the ionic conductor is at least one of sulfate, phosphate, carbonate, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, borate, citrate, silicate, boron oxide, and phosphorus oxide.

4. The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of claim 3, wherein the sulfate comprises at least one of lithium sulfate, lithium bisulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium bisulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium bisulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, barium sulfate;

5. The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of claim 1, wherein the active component of the transition metal catalyst is at least one of elementary substances, oxides, hydroxides, oxychlorides, alloys and ion complexes of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and cerium;

6. The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of claim 1, wherein said first electrode and said second electrode are both of an electrically conductive material loaded with a transition metal catalyst, said first electrode and said second electrode being in an exchangeable electrical connection between said positive electrode and said negative electrode.

7. The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of claim 1, further comprising an air flow channel, wherein the first electrode, the ionic conductor and the second electrode are disposed in the air flow channel and are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction or the opposite direction, so that the air containing gaseous pollutants sequentially passes through the first electrode, the ionic conductor and the second electrode or sequentially passes through the second electrode, the ionic conductor and the first electrode.

8. The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of claim 7, wherein the ionic conductor has a first surface and a second surface oppositely disposed, the first electrode is covered on the first surface, and the second electrode is covered on the second surface;

9. The electrochemical air purification and disinfection apparatus of claim 8, wherein the aperture of said airflow through holes is 0.01mm to 30 mm.

10. The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting device comprises a plurality of the electrochemical reactors, and the plurality of the electrochemical reactors are arranged in parallel or in series.

11. An electrochemical air purification and disinfection method applied to the electrochemical air purification and disinfection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the electrochemical air purification and disinfection method comprises the following steps:

12. The electrochemical air purification and sterilization method of claim 11, wherein the temperature during the degradation of gaseous pollutants is controlled within the range of-50 ℃ to 90 ℃;

and/or the relative humidity of the air containing the gaseous pollutants is 1% -100%;

and/or the direct current voltage is 0.1V-3000V;

and/or the direct current adaptive to the direct current voltage is 0.1 mA-100000 mA.

13. The electrochemical air cleaning and disinfecting method of claim 12, wherein the step of applying a dc voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode further comprises, after the step of applying a dc voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode: