CN113471990A - Energy storage multi-scene application cooperative control method - Google Patents

Energy storage multi-scene application cooperative control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113471990A
CN113471990A CN202110811660.8A CN202110811660A CN113471990A CN 113471990 A CN113471990 A CN 113471990A CN 202110811660 A CN202110811660 A CN 202110811660A CN 113471990 A CN113471990 A CN 113471990A
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energy storage
scene
frequency modulation
voltage
regulation
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郑军
王雪燕
尹绍杰
朱优优
林鹏
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Research Institute of Zhejiang University Taizhou
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Research Institute of Zhejiang University Taizhou
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage multi-scene application cooperative control method, which comprises the following steps: determining the time period of the peak regulation demand scene of the current day and the active power output required by peak regulation; identifying a demand scene in a current frequency modulation and voltage regulation scene of the stored energy; determining scene modes corresponding to energy storage under frequency modulation demand scenes and pressure regulation demand scenes; and calculating to obtain the energy storage active output required by frequency modulation and the energy storage reactive output required by voltage regulation by using the control method of the energy storage participation single frequency modulation scene and the energy storage participation single voltage regulation scene, wherein the algebraic sum of the active output required by peak modulation and the energy storage active output required by frequency modulation is an energy storage expected active value, and the energy storage reactive output required by voltage regulation is an energy storage expected passive value. The invention aims to fully utilize the residual energy storage capacity to achieve the aim of improving the frequency and voltage environment of a power grid under the background that the conventional energy storage power station meets the peak clipping and valley filling scenes of the power grid, so that the pressure of frequency modulation and voltage regulation of a unit is relieved, and the service life of the unit is prolonged.

Description

Energy storage multi-scene application cooperative control method
The patent application is application number 202010376627.2 filed on 07/05/2020 and is named as a divisional application of an energy storage multi-scenario application cooperative control method.
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy storage control method, in particular to an energy storage multi-scene application cooperative control method.
Background
The important means of energy transformation in China is to improve the proportion of clean energy in power generation, and the development of new energy is the basic direction of energy development in China. In 2018, the proportion of the non-fossil energy power generation to the total power generation is about 30%, and the specific gravity in 2030, which is proposed by the national development and reform Commission and energy production and consumption revolution strategy (2016-. According to the report of the international energy agency 'economy of electric power transformation-wind power, photovoltaic and flexible electric power systems', when the annual generated energy of renewable energy reaches 25% -40% due to different systems, great adjustment needs to be made on the traditional power supply configuration, the operation mode, the power transmission planning and the like of the electric power system, and a new electric power system planning, operation and control scheme and the like are proposed.
The important functions of the energy storage technology in the aspects of improving the new energy accepting capacity of a power grid, adjusting the frequency of the power grid, cutting peaks and filling valleys, improving the power quality and the power reliability and the like are internationally agreed. In recent years, with continuous maturity of electrochemical energy storage technology and rapid reduction of cost, the electrochemical energy storage in China increases rapidly, and the total installed capacity increases from 105MW in 2015 to 1.034GW in 2018, which increases by 114% per year. The energy storage has a flexible energy carrying function in time, can enable renewable energy power generation to be more friendly and controllable to a power grid, participate in auxiliary services such as power grid peak regulation, frequency modulation and the like, provide support for safe operation of the power grid, and can be arranged on a user side to provide various requirements such as peak-valley regulation, power supply capacity improvement, power supply reliability improvement and the like for the user, so that the energy storage is rapidly applied in a large scale on the power generation side, the power grid side and the user side, and becomes an important component and a key support technology for energy clean transformation and energy internet development in China.
The important functions of the energy storage technology in the aspects of improving the new energy accepting capacity of a power grid, adjusting the frequency of the power grid, cutting peaks and filling valleys, improving the power quality and the power reliability and the like are internationally agreed. The flexibility, characteristics and application scenes of energy storage are very many, the difference is large, but the defects that the electricity is used immediately when the electricity is generated and used by a power system and the moment balance is inflexible are fundamentally solved through the time transfer storage of the energy, the energy balance from the second level to the minute level is classified as the frequency regulation requirement, and the energy balance from the hour level is classified as the peak-valley regulation requirement. On the other hand, with the large-scale rapid increase of new energy, due to the fact that the power generation rigidity or adjustability of the new energy is poor, the requirements for energy balance of different time scales of a power system are higher, and larger peak-load and frequency-modulation requirements are brought.
From the perspective of the whole society, the time transfer storage of energy, the power generation and the load curve are better matched through energy storage, the capability of a power system for consuming larger-scale clean energy is enhanced, the quality of electric energy is improved, the comprehensive investment of the power system is reduced, and the purposes of cleaner power supply and lower comprehensive social cost are achieved, so that the industrial competitiveness of China is enhanced, and the final goal of social development of green and low carbon is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, peak regulation application in multiple application scenes of energy storage is the most economical, mature and wide application scene, so that the improvement of the utilization rate of the energy storage is particularly important under the condition of meeting the peak regulation scene.
In order to improve the energy storage utilization rate and the energy storage economy, the invention provides the following specific scheme:
an energy storage multi-scene application cooperative control method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining peak regulation requirements according to a load prediction curve before the day, and determining the time interval of a peak regulation requirement scene of the day and the active output delta P required by peak regulationpre；
S2, identifying a demand scene in a current frequency modulation and voltage regulation scene of the stored energy according to the real-time frequency and voltage data;
s3, determining scene modes corresponding to energy storage under frequency modulation demand scenes and pressure regulation demand scenes according to the frequency modulation identification indexes and the pressure regulation identification indexes; wherein the frequency modulation identification index is the following comprehensive frequency modulation identification index delta Ft：
Figure BDA0003168540700000031
Where Δ f is the frequency deviation, Δ fiThe frequency offset corresponding to the real-time power offset,
Figure BDA0003168540700000032
the frequency change rate is a per unit value; mu.s1，μ2，μ3Respectively, the weight, mu, between the three1+μ2+μ3Determining the weight according to the simulation result of the system as 1;
the pressure regulation identification index is a comprehensive pressure regulation identification index delta Ut：
Figure BDA0003168540700000033
Wherein, Δ u is a voltage deviation amount; delta uiAccumulating the variation for the voltage;
Figure BDA0003168540700000034
is the rate of change of voltage; Δ u,. DELTA.ui，
Figure BDA0003168540700000035
Are per unit values;
s4, according to the determined demand scenes and the scene mode under each demand scene, calculating the energy storage active output delta P required by frequency modulation through the control method of the energy storage participation single frequency modulation scene and the energy storage participation single voltage modulation scenerealEnergy storage reactive output delta Q required by voltage regulationrealWherein the active power output Δ P required for peak shavingpreEnergy storage active output delta P required by frequency modulationrealThe algebraic sum of the energy storage reactive output delta Q required by the voltage regulation is the expected active value of the energy storagerealAn expected reactive value for energy storage;
s5, according to the energy storage rated active power output margin PeThe constraint of the PCS capacity S connected with the energy storage judges whether the expected active value and the expected reactive value of the energy storage exceed the constraint limit value or not; if the energy storage expected active value and the energy storage expected reactive value do not exceed the constraint limit value, the energy storage expected active value and the energy storage expected reactive value are the active set value and the reactive set value of the energy storage PCS;
s6, if the peak load exceeds the constraint limit value, firstly meeting the active power output delta P required by peak regulationpreThe energy storage rated active power output margin P after peak regulation is satisfiede-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000041
As constraints of frequency modulation scenes and voltage regulation scenes; if the energy storage rated active output margin P after peak shavinge-|△Ppre|>0 indicates that the stored energy can participate in the frequency modulation scene, and if the PCS capacity connected with the stored energy is
Figure BDA0003168540700000042
Indicating that the stored energy can participate in the voltage regulation scene;
s7, judging whether the determined energy storage demand scene has a frequency modulation scene and a pressure regulating scene, and if the frequency modulation scene and the pressure regulating scene determine that the scene exists and the energy storage can participate in the scene according to the judgment, determining that the scene is an energy storage preparation participation scene;
s8, if only one determined energy storage preparation participation scene exists, energy storage participates in the control of the scene, if two determined energy storage preparation participation scenes exist, namely a frequency modulation scene and a voltage regulation scene, whether energy storage frequency modulation is positive or negative for energy storage and voltage regulation is judged, if the energy storage preparation participation scenes are positive, the energy storage preferentially meets the frequency modulation, then the voltage regulation is met, if the energy storage preparation participation scenes are negative, the priority of the frequency modulation scene and the voltage regulation scene is determined through the priority index, and the energy storage with larger priority index preferentially meets the requirement;
s9, the energy storage preparation participation scenes are sequentially met according to the priority sequence, and the peak shaving energy storage rated active power output margin P is obtainede-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000043
And determining participation modes of the stored energy in the frequency modulation scene and the pressure regulating scene according to the determined priority of the frequency modulation and the pressure regulating.
Preferably, the determining of the participation mode of the stored energy in the voltage regulation scenario in S9 specifically includes:
acquiring real-time voltage data, and calculating to obtain required reactive output according to a conventional voltage regulation method;
calculating the reactive margin of a voltage regulating scene according to the residual capacity of the stored energy, judging the required reactive power output and the reactive margin of the voltage regulating scene, and if the required reactive power output is not greater than the reactive margin of the voltage regulating scene, the stored energy is used for independently undertaking the voltage regulating task;
if the required reactive output is larger than the reactive margin of the voltage regulation scene, the ratio of the residual value of the reactive output required by the voltage regulation to the unit capacitor capacity is calculated, a threshold value is set, whether the ratio exceeds the set threshold value or not is judged, if the ratio exceeds the set threshold value, the capacitor voltage regulation is over-regulated or over-regulated due to the limitation of the unit capacitor capacity, and therefore the energy storage auxiliary capacitor is used for finely regulating the voltage; if the voltage does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, the voltage regulation of the capacitor is enough to realize the voltage regulation accuracy, so that the capacitor is used for carrying out the voltage regulation task independently.
The invention aims to fully utilize the residual energy storage capacity to achieve the aim of improving the frequency and voltage environment of a power grid under the background that the conventional energy storage power station meets the peak clipping and valley filling scenes of the power grid, so that the pressure of frequency modulation and voltage regulation of a unit is relieved, and the service life of the unit is prolonged. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-scenario cooperative control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a frequency modulation demand scene mode determination control in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a pressure regulation requirement scenario mode determination control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a control flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for energy storage participation in a single frequency modulation scenario;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for determining priority of a frequency modulation-voltage modulation scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a control for determining priority of a FM-PM scenario in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a participation mode determination control for storing energy in a frequency modulation scenario in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a participation mode determination control in a voltage regulation scenario for energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an effect of energy storage SOC calibration recovery control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and are intended to be illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
The method is characterized in that when two or more than two of the three scenes are identified, active and reactive output of energy storage is coordinated to meet the multi-demand scene, and the purposes of fully allocating the energy storage and improving the utilization rate of the energy storage are achieved. In the embodiment of the invention, peak regulation is a day-ahead plan scene, and frequency modulation and pressure regulation are real-time scheduling scenes. As can be seen from fig. 1, the specific steps of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
s1, determining peak regulation requirements according to a load prediction curve before the day, and determining the time interval of a peak regulation requirement scene of the day and the active output delta P required by peak regulationpre；
S2, identifying a demand scene in a current frequency modulation and voltage regulation scene of the stored energy according to the real-time frequency and voltage data;
s3, determining scene modes corresponding to energy storage under frequency modulation demand scenes and pressure regulation demand scenes according to the frequency modulation identification indexes and the pressure regulation identification indexes;
s4, according to the demand scenes determined in S2 and S3 and the scene mode under each demand scene, calculating and obtaining the energy storage active output delta P required by frequency modulation through the control method of the energy storage participation single-frequency-modulation scene and the energy storage participation single-voltage-modulation scenerealEnergy storage reactive output delta Q required by voltage regulationrealWherein the active power output Δ P required for peak shavingpreEnergy storage active output delta P required by frequency modulationrealThe algebraic sum of the energy storage reactive output delta Q required by the voltage regulation is the expected active value of the energy storagerealAn expected reactive value for energy storage;
s5, according to the energy storage rated active power output margin PeThe constraint of the PCS capacity S connected with the energy storage judges whether the expected active value and the expected reactive value of the energy storage exceed the constraint limit value or not; if the energy storage expected active value and the energy storage expected reactive value do not exceed the constraint limit value, the energy storage expected active value and the energy storage expected reactive value are the active set value and the reactive set value of the energy storage PCS;
s6, if the peak load exceeds the constraint limit value, firstly meeting the active power output delta P required by peak regulationpreWill be full ofEnergy storage rated active output margin P after full peak shavinge-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000061
As constraints of frequency modulation scenes and voltage regulation scenes; if the energy storage rated active output margin P after peak shavinge-|△Ppre|>0 indicates that the stored energy can participate in the frequency modulation scene, and if the PCS capacity connected with the stored energy is
Figure BDA0003168540700000071
Indicating that the stored energy can participate in the voltage regulation scene;
s7, judging whether the energy storage demand scene determined by the S1, the S2 and the S3 has a frequency modulation scene and a pressure regulating scene, and if the frequency modulation scene and the pressure regulating scene determine that the scene exists and the energy storage can participate in the scene according to the judgment of the S1, the S2, the S3 and the S6, determining that the scene is an energy storage preparation participation scene;
s8, if only one energy storage preparation participation scene determined in the S7 exists, energy storage participation control is performed on the scene, if two energy storage preparation participation scenes determined in the S7 exist, namely a frequency modulation scene and a voltage regulation scene, whether energy storage frequency modulation is positive or negative for energy storage and voltage regulation is judged, if the energy storage preparation participation scenes are positive, energy storage preferentially meets the frequency modulation and then meets the voltage regulation, if the energy storage preparation participation scenes are negative, the priority of the frequency modulation scene and the voltage regulation scene is determined through the priority index, and the energy storage with larger priority index preferentially meets the requirement;
s9, the energy storage preparation participation scenes are sequentially met according to the priority sequence, and the peak shaving energy storage rated active power output margin P is obtainede-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000072
And determining participation modes of the stored energy in the frequency modulation scene and the voltage regulation scene according to the priority of the frequency modulation and the voltage regulation determined by the S8.
Wherein, the time interval and the peak shaving place of the peak shaving demand scene of the day are determined in the S1Active power output Δ PpreThe method can be a control method of energy storage participating in peak regulation and power setting or a control method of energy storage participating in peak regulation and power changing.
The identification index of frequency modulation in S3 may be frequency deviation Δ F in a conventional identification method, or may be a comprehensive identification index Δ F of frequency modulation as followst：
Figure BDA0003168540700000073
Where Δ f is the frequency deviation, Δ fiThe frequency offset corresponding to the real-time power offset,
Figure BDA0003168540700000074
the frequency change rate is a per unit value; mu.s1，μ2，μ3Respectively, the weight, mu, between the three1+μ2+μ3And (1) determining the weight according to the simulation result of the system.
The frequency deviation delta f corresponding to the real-time power deviationiThe derivation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003168540700000081
wherein, KGAdjusting power for unit of the unit; kDAdjusting the effect coefficient for the frequency of the load; Δ p is the real-time power offset.
The comprehensive frequency modulation identification index has the advantages that a series of misoperation such as frequency overshoot and reverse modulation of self-adaptive energy storage control is caused due to the fact that the time scale of frequency change of a conventional identification index is small and system delay is large, real-time power deviation delta p is introduced into the comprehensive frequency modulation identification index so as to make up for frequency deviation caused by power deviation outside a day-ahead plan, and misoperation including late action and over-action during frequency modulation can be prevented.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the determination of the energy storage according to S3 is performed in the frequency modulation demand scenarioThe scene mode(s) may specifically be: setting two thresholds DeltaF1、△F2The area of the scene mode for the comprehensive frequency modulation identification index is divided, wherein when the comprehensive frequency modulation identification index AFtIn the interval [0,. DELTA.F1) At the moment, the frequency modulation scene mode is a frequency modulation dead zone; when the comprehensive frequency modulation identification index delta FtIn the interval [. DELTA.F1,△F2) Then, the frequency modulation scene mode is steady-state frequency modulation; when the comprehensive frequency modulation identification index delta FtIn the interval [. DELTA.F2And infinity), the frequency modulation scene mode is transient frequency modulation. Wherein Δ F may be1Set to 0.066% (0.033HZ), and3set to 0.6% (0.3 HZ).
The voltage regulation identification index in S3 may be a voltage deviation Δ U in a conventional identification method, or may be a comprehensive voltage regulation identification index Δ U as followst：
△u＝u(t)-uPCCN
△ui＝∫(uPCCN-u(t))dt
Figure BDA0003168540700000082
Wherein u (t) is a real-time voltage value of a grid connection point; u. ofPCCNIs a grid-connected voltage rating; delta uiAccumulating the variation for the voltage;
Figure BDA0003168540700000091
is the rate of change of voltage; Δ u,. DELTA.ui，
Figure BDA0003168540700000092
Are per unit values.
The advantages of the comprehensive pressure regulating identification index are the same as the comprehensive frequency modulation identification index.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the determining of the scene mode corresponding to the stored energy in the scenario with the pressure adjustment requirement in S3 may specifically be: setting two thresholds delta U1、△U2Partitioning scene modes with respect to synthesisRegion of pressure regulation identification index, wherein said integrated pressure regulation identification index DeltaUtIn the interval [0,. DELTA.U1) At the moment, the voltage regulating scene mode is a voltage regulating dead zone; when the comprehensive voltage regulation identification index delta UtIn the interval [. DELTA.U [)1,△U2) At the moment, the voltage regulation scene mode is steady state voltage regulation; when the comprehensive voltage regulation identification index delta UtIn the interval [. DELTA.U [)2And infinity), the voltage regulation scene mode is transient voltage regulation at the moment. The voltage regulation dead zone can be set to 10.2-10.5 and the steady state voltage regulation interval can be set to 10.0-10.7 according to the actual power grid voltage regulation condition.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the method for controlling the energy storage participating in the single frequency modulation scenario in S4 may specifically be:
with said threshold value Δ F1As boundary line, when the integrated frequency modulation identification index delta FtIs less than or equal to threshold value DeltaF1At the moment, the system is in a frequency modulation dead zone without frequency modulation operation, and the system enters a pre-frequency modulation application scene to achieve the purpose of preventing frequency deviation on a power level; when the comprehensive frequency modulation identification index delta FtGreater than a threshold value DeltaF1Then, the system enters a frequency modulation stage, and conventional frequency modulation active power calculation is applied; the active scheduling output calculation formula of the single frequency scene is as follows:
Figure BDA0003168540700000093
wherein, Δ PdiaCalculating the resulting active output for pre-frequency modulation (tracking the planned output); delta PfreqThe resulting active power output is calculated for a conventional frequency modulation strategy.
In the pre-frequency modulation calculation, the stored energy is used for correcting the deviation of the predicted power and the real-time power, the deviation comprises the power deviation between a power supply side plan and an actual power and the power deviation between a load side plan and an actual power, and the power deviation between the power supply side plan and the actual power comprises the deviation generated by traditional units such as thermal power units, hydroelectric power units and the like and new energy units such as wind power units, photoelectric power units and the like. The specific calculation formula of the pre-frequency-modulation active power output is as follows:
△Pdia＝△Ppow-△Pload
wherein, Δ PpowThe deviation value of planned output and actual output of the power supply is obtained; delta PloadThe deviation value of the planned output and the actual output of the load is shown.
Further, in the present invention,
△Pdia＝Ppre-Preal＝(Ppowpre+Ploadpre)-(Ppowreal+Ploadreal)
wherein, PpowpreAnd PloadprePlanned outputs of the power supply and the load respectively; ppowrealAnd PloadrealThe actual output of the power supply and the load, respectively.
The energy storage system may determine the active power output of the pre-modulation (tracking plan) based on the obtained power information. The planned output is a planned instruction which is issued to each power supply by the power grid and a predicted load power which is determined by the power grid according to the day-ahead data. The actual output can be obtained by real-time acquisition and transmission, but the actual output can also be obtained by ultra-short-term load prediction in consideration of a hysteresis regulation error caused by system delay.
The control method for the energy storage participation single frequency regulation scene and the energy storage participation single voltage regulation scene in the S4 may be conventional grid frequency modulation calculation and conventional grid voltage regulation calculation.
By judging the active power output delta P required by frequency modulationrealActive power output delta P required by peak regulationpreThe same or different signs in S8 are used to judge whether the energy storage frequency modulation is positive or negative for energy storage voltage regulation, and if the frequency modulation requires active power output delta PrealActive power output delta P required by peak regulationpreIf the signals are different, the judgment is positive, because the active power output delta P required by frequency modulation is at the momentrealActive power output delta P required by peak regulationpreAfter superposition, the absolute value of the expected energy storage active value is reduced, the idle margin under the voltage regulation scene can be increased by exiting part of PCS capacity, and the energy storage is favorable for participating in the voltage regulation scene, so that the energy storage is preferentially modulated after the peak regulation when the energy storage is judged to be positive, and the priority sequence of the energy storage is from high to low: regulating devicePeak, frequency modulation and voltage regulation; active output delta P required if frequency modulationrealActive power output delta P required by peak regulationpreThe same number is judged as a reaction, because the active power output delta P required by frequency modulation is the samerealActive power output delta P required by peak regulationpreAfter superposition, the absolute value of the expected active value of the stored energy is increased, the reactive margin under the voltage regulating scene is reduced due to the fact that part of PCS capacity is occupied, and the stored energy is not beneficial to participating in the voltage regulating scene, so that the priority of the frequency regulating scene and the voltage regulating scene is judged through the priority index when the situation is judged to be a reaction.
As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the specific step of determining the priority of the frequency modulation scenario and the pressure regulation scenario through the priority index in S8 may be:
s10, establishing a hierarchical priority index which comprises a first-level priority index and a second-level priority index;
s11, comparing the first-level priority index of frequency modulation with the first-level priority index of voltage regulation, if the difference value between the first-level priority index of frequency modulation and the first-level priority index of voltage regulation is out of a tolerance range, indicating that the first-level priority index is enough to distinguish scene priority, and performing priority ordering on frequency modulation and voltage regulation according to the size of the first-level priority index;
s12, if the difference value of the first-level priority index of frequency modulation and the first-level priority index of voltage regulation is within the tolerance range, the first-level priority index is not enough for distinguishing the priority, the calculation and judgment of the size of the second-level priority index of frequency modulation and voltage regulation are carried out, and if the difference value of the second-level priority index is within the tolerance range, the priority of frequency modulation and voltage regulation is the same;
s13, if the difference value of the secondary priority indexes of frequency modulation and voltage regulation is out of the tolerance range, performing priority ordering on the frequency modulation and the voltage regulation according to the size of the secondary priority indexes;
and when the priorities are the same in S12, the action frequencies of the unit and the pressure regulating equipment are reduced because the application positioning of the energy storage frequency modulation and pressure regulating scene is the frequency and voltage disturbance which can be reached by the self-adaptive absorption force. For the energy storage access area, the voltage environment improved by the energy storage participating in voltage regulation has greater advantages than the frequency environment improved by the energy storage participating in frequency modulation, and therefore, the voltage regulation can be preferentially carried out after the judgment of the same priority.
The first-level priority index can be a comprehensive index of an urgency index and an importance index, and the second-level priority index can be an effectiveness index. The urgency index is an index established for measuring the target quantity deviation degree of the frequency modulation and pressure regulation scene and reflects the severity degree of the current frequency modulation and pressure regulation scene. The index is obtained by multiplying two factors of the deviation value and the change rate, and is shown as the following formula:
Figure BDA0003168540700000121
Figure BDA0003168540700000122
wherein, a1And a2The indexes of urgency of frequency modulation and pressure regulation are per unit values respectively; | Δ fdia|-(fc1-fc0) And |. DELTA.udia|-(uc1-uc0) Deviation value factors of frequency modulation and voltage regulation are respectively used for expressing the distance between the real-time deviation and the dead zone; df/dt. t0And du/dt. t0The variable rate factors of frequency modulation and voltage regulation are used for expressing the variable quantity at the next moment; delta fdiaThe real-time frequency deviation is the difference value of the real-time frequency and the frequency reference value; f. ofc0Is a frequency reference value; f. ofc1And fc2Respectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the frequency dead zone; df/dt is the rate of change of frequency; t is t0For a set time interval, here set to 3 s; delta udiaThe real-time voltage deviation is the difference value between the real-time voltage and the voltage reference value; u. ofc0Is a voltage reference value; u. ofc1And uc0Respectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the voltage dead zone; du/dt is the rate of change of voltage.
The importance index is an experience index set for the priority problem of the frequency modulation scene and the pressure regulation scene under the condition that the urgency index is the same and the urgency index is the sameAnd (4) marking. It is known that when both the active and reactive power of the system are insufficient, the problem of active power balancing should be solved first, since an increase in frequency can reduce the reactive power deficit, which is advantageous for voltage regulation scenarios. If the voltage is first increased, the power shortage is increased, resulting in a further decrease in frequency, and thus not contributing to an improvement in the operating conditions of the system. Therefore, the importance index is used as the importance index b of the frequency modulation of the expert given parameters1Greater than the importance index b of pressure regulation2And the specific numerical value is selected according to the magnitude of the urgency index.
The comprehensive index is a first-level priority index, and the definition formula of the comprehensive index is as follows, and is the product of the urgency index and the importance index.
αi＝ai·bi
The effectiveness index is to judge whether the full power set for energy storage can meet the expected value of active power output or reactive power output in a frequency modulation or voltage regulation scene, and if the full power is far away from the expected value, the effect of the energy storage on the application scene is known to be small. Therefore, the effectiveness index can fully measure the action depth of the stored energy on frequency modulation and pressure regulation application scenes, and the calculation formula of the effectiveness index of the frequency modulation and the pressure regulation is as follows. The application scene with the smaller effectiveness index has higher priority.
Figure BDA0003168540700000131
Figure BDA0003168540700000132
Wherein, PcThe active output expected value is obtained; qcThe expected value of reactive power output is; s0Is PCS capacity, i.e. apparent power.
The energy storage preparation participation scenario that is sequentially met according to the priority ranking of S9 may specifically be:
1. if the priority is sorted into peak regulation, frequency regulation and voltage regulation(ii) a Under the condition, the peak regulation, the frequency modulation and the voltage regulation are sequentially met according to the priority sequence, the output requirement of the scene is met by the residual capacity after the scene with lower priority meets the scene with the stored energy of the previous level, and after the peak regulation is met, if the residual capacity is available, the method is as follows: energy storage rated active output margin Pe-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000133
After frequency modulation is satisfied, if the residual capacity is: PCS Capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000134
2. If the priority is sorted into peak regulation, voltage regulation and frequency regulation; under the condition, the peak regulation, the voltage regulation and the frequency modulation are sequentially met according to the priority sequence, the output requirement of the scene is met by the residual capacity after the scene with lower priority meets the scene with the stored energy of the previous level, and after the peak regulation is met, if the residual capacity is available, the method is as follows: energy storage rated active output margin Pe-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000135
After the pressure regulation is satisfied, if the residual capacity is as follows: PCS Capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure BDA0003168540700000136
Reverse capacity of frequency modulation of
Figure BDA0003168540700000137
The forward capacity of the frequency modulation is
Figure BDA0003168540700000138
As can be seen from fig. 7, the determining of the participation mode of the energy storage in the frequency modulation scenario in S9 may specifically be:
s14, acquiring real-time frequency data, and calculating to obtain the required active power output according to a conventional frequency modulation method;
s15, calculating the active margin of a frequency modulation scene according to the residual capacity of the stored energy, judging the size of the required active output and the active margin of the frequency modulation scene, and if the required active output is not greater than the active margin of the frequency modulation scene, the stored energy solely undertakes the frequency modulation task; and if the required active output is larger than the active margin of the frequency modulation scene, the energy storage auxiliary conventional unit undertakes the frequency modulation task.
At present, the existing energy storage participation power grid primary and secondary frequency modulation adopts a control strategy that an energy storage auxiliary conventional unit participates in the primary and secondary frequency modulation, because the energy storage capacity is smaller than the magnitude of the power grid. However, due to the advantage of the energy storage second-level output, the small disturbance with short duration and small amplitude is not subjected to the independent stabilization of the adaptive primary frequency modulation energy storage of the equal unit, the stabilization effect is that the output speed of the energy storage relative to the unit is higher than that of the conventional unit primary frequency modulation effect, the amplitude reduction is larger, the steady-state frequency is reached earlier, and the unit output under the small disturbance is reduced, so that the service life of the unit can be prolonged to a greater extent. For large disturbance with long duration and large amplitude, the advantage of the energy storage auxiliary frequency modulation can be proved by the fact that the existing energy storage auxiliary unit participates in the control strategy of primary and secondary frequency modulation.
As can be seen from fig. 8, the determining of the participation mode of the stored energy in the voltage regulation scenario in S9 may specifically be:
s16, acquiring real-time voltage data, and calculating to obtain required reactive power output according to a conventional voltage regulation method;
s17, calculating the reactive margin of a voltage regulation scene according to the residual capacity of the stored energy, judging the magnitude of the required reactive power output and the reactive margin of the voltage regulation scene, and if the required reactive power output is not greater than the reactive margin of the voltage regulation scene, the stored energy is used for independently undertaking the voltage regulation task;
s18, if the required reactive power output is larger than the reactive margin of a voltage regulation scene, the ratio of the residual value of the reactive power output required by voltage regulation to the capacity of the unit capacitor is calculated, a threshold value is set, whether the ratio exceeds the set threshold value or not is judged, if the ratio exceeds the set threshold value, the voltage regulation of the capacitor is over-regulated or over-regulated due to the limitation of the capacity of the unit capacitor, and therefore the energy storage auxiliary capacitor is used for finely regulating the voltage; if the voltage does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, the voltage regulation of the capacitor is enough to realize the voltage regulation accuracy, so that the capacitor is used for carrying out the voltage regulation task independently.
At present, the existing voltage regulation modes comprise ratio-variable voltage regulation, reactive compensation, line parameter change and generator exciting current change. The most common voltage regulation mode is reactive compensation, but the mode needs to install equipment to be connected into a power grid, if the stored energy can bear peak regulation work and pressure regulation work, the influence of the equipment connection on a power grid system is reduced, and the voltage regulation effect of SVG or SVC can be achieved by combining the stored energy with the traditional capacitor, so that the cost generated by equipment replacement can be greatly reduced.
Because the unpredictability and uncertainty of a frequency modulation scene in real-time scheduling can cause the energy storage electric quantity originally meeting the planned peak modulation scene to be changed after participating in the frequency modulation scene, the invention provides the following two methods for solving the problem of electric quantity conservation, and the specific implementation scheme is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing the energy storage capacity into a virtual plan capacity and a virtual scheduling capacity, wherein the virtual plan capacity is used for determining the peak shaving plan output, and determining a peak shaving line and a valley filling line of a peak shaving scene according to the divided virtual plan capacity; the virtual scheduling capacity is used for additionally increasing or decreasing active power output of the frequency modulation scene, and if the virtual scheduling capacity is 0, the frequency modulation scene needs energy storage and discharge, the energy storage does not participate in the frequency modulation scene; and if the frequency modulation scene needs energy storage and charging when the virtual scheduling capacity is the maximum value, the energy storage does not participate in the frequency modulation scene.
The second method comprises the following steps: and setting a time interval to perform energy storage SOC (state of charge) return recovery. As shown in fig. 9, specifically, if the primary frequency modulation consumes the electric energy in the primary frequency modulation scene in the case of temporary frequency drop, the stored energy is charged at the constant power in the electric energy feedback region, as shown in the first region in the figure, the charging power is calculated as follows, and the charging time is measured from t1At the beginning, at t1End of + [ delta ] t; if the primary frequency modulation is aimed at the situation of sudden frequency increase, the primary frequency modulation scene stores electric quantity, the stored energy is discharged at constant power in the electric quantity feedback area, as shown in the region II in the figure, the discharge power is as follows, and the discharge time is t2At the start of Δ t, at t2And (6) ending.
1. Region (power calculation)
(1) Objective function
max △t
min Ppeak-P(t1+△t)
(2) Constraint conditions
[Ppeak-P(t1+△t)]△t＝Qre
0<△t≤t2-t1
2. Region 2 power calculation
(1) Objective function
max △t
min P(t2-△t)-Pvalley
(2) Constraint conditions
[P(t2-△t)-Pvalley]△t＝Qre
0<△t≤t2-t1
Wherein, the delta t is the duration time of the constant-power electric quantity calibration; t is t1Starting time of an energy storage non-action area between a main voltage regulating area and a peak clipping area; t is t2The end time of the energy storage non-action area between the main voltage regulating area and the peak clipping area; ppeakCutting a peak line for energy storage; pvalleyAnd filling valley lines for energy storage.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. An energy storage multi-scene application cooperative control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining peak regulation requirements according to a load prediction curve before the day, and determining the time interval of a peak regulation requirement scene of the day and the active output delta P required by peak regulationpre；
S2, identifying a demand scene in a current frequency modulation and voltage regulation scene of the stored energy according to the real-time frequency and voltage data;
s3, determining scene modes corresponding to energy storage under frequency modulation demand scenes and pressure regulation demand scenes according to the frequency modulation identification indexes and the pressure regulation identification indexes; wherein the frequency modulation identification index is the following comprehensive frequency modulation identification index delta Ft：
Figure FDA0003168540690000011
Where Δ f is the frequency deviation, Δ fiThe frequency offset corresponding to the real-time power offset,
Figure FDA0003168540690000012
the frequency change rate is a per unit value; mu.s1，μ2，μ3Respectively, the weight, mu, between the three1+μ2+μ3Determining the weight according to the simulation result of the system as 1;
the pressure regulation identification index is a comprehensive pressure regulation identification index delta Ut：
Figure FDA0003168540690000013
Wherein, Δ u is a voltage deviation amount; delta uiAccumulating the variation for the voltage;
Figure FDA0003168540690000014
is the rate of change of voltage; Δ u,. DELTA.ui，
Figure FDA0003168540690000015
Are per unit values;
s4, according to the determined demand scenes and the scene mode under each demand scene, calculating the energy storage active output delta P required by frequency modulation through the control method of the energy storage participation single frequency modulation scene and the energy storage participation single voltage modulation scenerealEnergy storage reactive output delta Q required by voltage regulationrealWherein the active power output Δ P required for peak shavingpreEnergy storage active output delta P required by frequency modulationrealThe algebraic sum of the energy storage reactive output delta Q required by the voltage regulation is the expected active value of the energy storagerealAn expected reactive value for energy storage;
s5, according to the energy storage rated active power output margin PeThe constraint of the PCS capacity S connected with the energy storage judges whether the expected active value and the expected reactive value of the energy storage exceed the constraint limit value or not; if the energy storage expected active value and the energy storage expected reactive value do not exceed the constraint limit value, the energy storage expected active value and the energy storage expected reactive value are the active set value and the reactive set value of the energy storage PCS;
s6, if the peak load exceeds the constraint limit value, firstly meeting the active power output delta P required by peak regulationpreThe energy storage rated active power output margin P after peak regulation is satisfiede-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure FDA0003168540690000021
As constraints of frequency modulation scenes and voltage regulation scenes; if the energy storage rated active output margin P after peak shavinge-|△Ppre|>0 indicates that the stored energy can participate in the frequency modulation scene, and if the PCS capacity connected with the stored energy is
Figure FDA0003168540690000022
Indicating that the stored energy can participate in the voltage regulation scene;
s7, judging whether the determined energy storage demand scene has a frequency modulation scene and a pressure regulating scene, and if the frequency modulation scene and the pressure regulating scene determine that the scene exists and the energy storage can participate in the scene according to the judgment, determining that the scene is an energy storage preparation participation scene;
s8, if only one determined energy storage preparation participation scene exists, energy storage participates in the control of the scene, if two determined energy storage preparation participation scenes exist, namely a frequency modulation scene and a voltage regulation scene, whether energy storage frequency modulation is positive or negative for energy storage and voltage regulation is judged, if the energy storage preparation participation scenes are positive, the energy storage preferentially meets the frequency modulation, then the voltage regulation is met, if the energy storage preparation participation scenes are negative, the priority of the frequency modulation scene and the voltage regulation scene is determined through the priority index, and the energy storage with larger priority index preferentially meets the requirement;
s9, the energy storage preparation participation scenes are sequentially met according to the priority sequence, and the peak shaving energy storage rated active power output margin P is obtainede-|△PpreL and PCS capacity to which energy storage is connected
Figure FDA0003168540690000023
And determining participation modes of the stored energy in the frequency modulation scene and the pressure regulating scene according to the determined priority of the frequency modulation and the pressure regulating.
2. The energy storage multi-scenario application cooperative control method according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the participation mode of the energy storage in the voltage regulation scenario in S9 is specifically:
acquiring real-time voltage data, and calculating to obtain required reactive output according to a conventional voltage regulation method;
calculating the reactive margin of a voltage regulating scene according to the residual capacity of the stored energy, judging the required reactive power output and the reactive margin of the voltage regulating scene, and if the required reactive power output is not greater than the reactive margin of the voltage regulating scene, the stored energy is used for independently undertaking the voltage regulating task;
if the required reactive output is larger than the reactive margin of the voltage regulation scene, the ratio of the residual value of the reactive output required by the voltage regulation to the unit capacitor capacity is calculated, a threshold value is set, whether the ratio exceeds the set threshold value or not is judged, if the ratio exceeds the set threshold value, the capacitor voltage regulation is over-regulated or over-regulated due to the limitation of the unit capacitor capacity, and therefore the energy storage auxiliary capacitor is used for finely regulating the voltage; if the voltage does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, the voltage regulation of the capacitor is enough to realize the voltage regulation accuracy, so that the capacitor is used for carrying out the voltage regulation task independently.
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