CN112910016A - Frequency modulation control method for power distribution network - Google Patents
Frequency modulation control method for power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a frequency modulation control method for a power distribution network. The method comprises the following steps: calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group according to the frequency modulation requirement of the system, and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group; determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group; and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group. Therefore, respective frequency modulation output of the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit can be determined, and advantage complementation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of automatic power generation control of a power system, in particular to a frequency modulation control method for a power distribution network.
Background
The frequency of an alternating current power system is one of the very important indexes for measuring the quality of electric energy, and is an important control parameter for the operation of the power system. However, as distributed power sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power are connected to a power grid in a large scale, the randomness and uncertainty of the output of the distributed power sources bring impact to the power grid, conventional frequency modulation resources cannot meet the requirement of the power grid on frequency modulation, and the power grid puts higher requirements on the available capacity, response speed, response accuracy and the like of the frequency modulation resources.
At present, the traditional frequency modulation unit mainly comprises a thermal power generating unit and a hydroelectric generating unit. The traditional thermal power generating unit participating in frequency modulation has the inherent defects of long response time, low response speed, low climbing rate and the like, and the capacity of frequency modulation control in a shorter period is limited under the condition of limited frequency modulation capacity. The frequency modulation capacity and performance of the hydroelectric generating set are easily influenced and restricted by seasons and regions. In addition, the frequency modulation units are generally rotating mechanical equipment, are influenced by mechanical inertia, physical abrasion and the like, are restricted in further improvement of electric energy quality and power grid safety, and increase the later-stage maintenance and management costs of the units.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a distribution network frequency modulation control method, which is used for determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of regional control deviation among frequency modulation power supplies to determine the frequency modulation output of each frequency modulation power supply according to the frequency modulation requirement of a distribution network by considering the regional control deviation and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each frequency modulation power supply, and finally realizing advantage complementation among the frequency modulation power supplies.
The embodiment of the invention provides a frequency modulation control method for a power distribution network, which comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit, the modified upper frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station and the modified lower frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station;
calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of each energy storage power station according to the corrected upper frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station and the corrected lower frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station;
calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group according to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station;
determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group;
determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group;
and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group.
Optionally, the calculating the area control deviation of the power distribution network includes:
acquiring power fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of a tie line;
and calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network according to the power fluctuation and the frequency fluctuation of the tie line.
The calculation formula of the area control deviation of the power distribution network is as follows:
Ace＝ΔPt+BΔf
wherein A isceIndicating regional control deviation, Δ PtA deviation representing the sum of the actual measured values of the exchange power of all the links of the control area and the sum of the planned values of the trade; Δ f represents the difference between the system frequency value and the nominal value; representing the frequency response coefficients of the control zone.
Optionally, the calculation formula of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
wherein D isaa.g(t) representing the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the thermal power generating unit at the moment t; pg.j(t) represents the active power actually generated by the thermal power generating unit j at the moment tPower;
representing the maximum generating power of the up regulation of the thermal power generating unit j;
representing a down-regulated minimum generated power of the thermal power generating unit j; t iscomA scheduling period representing an automatic power generation control command;
representing the up-regulation rate of j power of the thermal power generating unit;
and expressing the downward regulation rate of j power of the thermal power generating unit.
Optionally, the calculation formula of the frequency modulation power upper limit corrected by each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein,
representing the upper limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction; pbess,NRepresenting the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage battery; k1、K2A human being is a set adjustment parameter;
the calculation formula of the corrected lower limit of the frequency modulation power of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein,
and (4) representing the corrected lower limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station.
Optionally, the calculation formula of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein D isaa.i(t) represents the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the ith energy storage power station at the moment t; pbess.i(t) the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station at the time t is represented;
representing the upper limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction;
representing the lower limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction;
the discharge rate of the ith energy storage power station power is represented; t iscomA scheduling period representing an automatic power generation control command;
representing the charging rate of the ith energy storage plant power.
Optionally, the calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group according to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station includes:
the sum of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacities of the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group is equal to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the energy storage power station group.
Optionally, the calculation formulas of the dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group and the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group are respectively as follows:
Ace.g＝αAce,α∈[0,1]
Ace.bess＝(1-α)Ace
wherein A isce.gRepresenting a value, A, dynamically allocated to all thermal power unitsce.bessThe method comprises the steps of representing a value dynamically allocated to an energy storage power station group, representing alpha to an ACE dynamic allocation coefficient of a thermal power unit, and representing 1-alpha to the ACE dynamic allocation coefficient of the energy storage power station group;
indicating the relative severity of the regional control deviation at time t;
representing the occupation ratio of the thermal power generating unit in all frequency modulation equipment at the moment t on the dynamic adjustable capacity; beta is alTo represent
Influence degree on dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit; daa.g(t) representing the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the thermal power generating unit at the moment t; daa.bessAnd (t) represents the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group at the time t.
Optionally, the determining a dynamic distribution coefficient between energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group includes:
and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group.
Optionally, a calculation formula of the dynamic distribution coefficient between the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group is as follows:
Ace.i＝piAce.bess
wherein A isce.iRepresenting the value, p, dynamically allocated to the i-th energy storage station in the group of energy storage stationsiThe dynamic distribution coefficient of the ith energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group is shown,
and the occupation ratio of the dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the ith energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group is shown.
The invention provides a power distribution network frequency modulation control method, which comprises the steps of calculating the regional control deviation of a power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of a thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of an energy storage power station group according to the frequency modulation requirement of a system, and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group; determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group; and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group. Therefore, the dynamic distribution coefficient of the regional control deviation between the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit can be determined, the respective frequency modulation output of the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit is determined, and the effects of reasonable distribution and complementary advantages of the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit are finally achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a frequency modulation control method for a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a power grid AGC control system involving participation of an energy storage power station group in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of ACE interval division and SOC interval division in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of frequency fluctuation in comparison between a dynamic power allocation strategy and a fixed-ratio allocation strategy in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic frequency fluctuation diagram of a conventional frequency modulation unit in the embodiment of the present invention, in comparison between a dynamic power allocation strategy and a fixed-ratio allocation strategy;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of frequency fluctuation of energy storage power station No. 1 in the embodiment of the present invention, when compared with a dynamic power allocation strategy and a fixed-proportion allocation strategy;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of frequency fluctuation of energy storage power station No. 2 in the embodiment of the present invention, when comparing the dynamic power allocation strategy with the fixed-proportion allocation strategy;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of SOC change of energy storage power station No. 1 in the embodiment of the present invention under comparison of two situations of a dynamic power distribution strategy and a fixed proportion distribution strategy;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of SOC change of the energy storage power station No. 2 in the embodiment of the present invention under comparison between a dynamic power distribution strategy and a fixed proportion distribution strategy.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The embodiment of the invention provides a distribution network frequency modulation control method, which is used for determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of a regional control deviation among frequency modulation power supplies to determine the frequency modulation output of each frequency modulation power supply according to the frequency modulation requirement of a system by considering the regional control deviation and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of each frequency modulation power supply, and finally realizing advantage complementation among the frequency modulation power supplies.
The frequency of the power system reflects the balance between the active power generated and the load. The grid frequency modulation mode mainly comprises primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation, wherein the secondary frequency modulation is also called Automatic Generation Control (AGC), and constant Control of the grid frequency and the power of a connecting line can be realized by adjusting the active output of a frequency modulation power supply in a grid in real time.
The frequency modulation power supply can comprise a thermal power generating unit and an energy storage power station group, and the energy storage power station group comprises a plurality of energy storage power stations. The energy storage power station can be an electrochemical energy storage power station, a lithium ion battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a vanadium redox flow battery, a flywheel energy storage, a super capacitor and the like, has obtained breakthrough in the aspects of service life, capacity scale, operation reliability, system manufacturing cost and the like, and has basic conditions of engineering application. The output external characteristics of the electrochemical energy storage power station have the following characteristics: the response time is short, the speed is high, and the full power output can be realized within the millisecond time range at the fastest speed; in the aspect of accurate control, stable output can be kept at any power point; in the aspect of bidirectional adjustment capability, the adjustment direction is flexible and variable, and the bidirectional adjustment device is represented as a load during charging and is represented as a power supply during discharging. The energy storage power station with the characteristics is used for assisting the conventional frequency modulation unit to participate in power grid frequency modulation, so that the system frequency recovery speed can be obviously improved, the maximum frequency difference is reduced, the action frequency of the conventional frequency modulation unit is effectively reduced, and the mechanical abrasion and the rotation reserve capacity are reduced.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a power distribution network frequency modulation control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment is applicable to the implementation process of the distribution network frequency modulation control method, and specifically includes the following steps with reference to fig. 1:
the Area Control Error (ACE) of the power distribution network is used for representing the frequency modulation requirement of the power distribution network system. Generally, the larger the deviation of the zone control, to some extent, means the larger the output requirement of the fm power supply.
The Dynamic frequency Adjustment capability (DAA) of the fm power supplies shows the frequency supporting capability of each current fm power supply, and therefore the Dynamic frequency Adjustment capability of each fm power supply needs to be considered when distributing the output power of each fm power supply. The dynamic frequency modulation capability of the frequency modulation power supply reflects the power input and output capabilities of various frequency modulation devices in a scheduling period, and in this embodiment, the DAA is defined as: the frequency modulation power supply has the maximum power adjustment amount in one AGC instruction scheduling period. For example, when the frequency modulation power supply is a thermal power generating unit, the dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit reflects the maximum power adjustment amount of the thermal power generating unit in an AGC instruction scheduling period; when the frequency modulation power supply is an energy storage power station group, the dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group reflects the maximum power adjustment amount of the energy storage power station group in an AGC instruction scheduling period.
And 120, calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of each energy storage power station according to the frequency modulation power upper limit corrected by each energy storage power station and the frequency modulation power lower limit corrected by each energy storage power station.
The expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station reflects the power input and output capability of each energy storage power station in the respective scheduling period.
And step 130, calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group according to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station.
The expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group reflects the maximum power adjustment amount of the energy storage power station group in one AGC instruction scheduling period.
And 140, determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group.
The method comprises the steps of determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and an energy storage power station group, namely determining a value dynamically distributed to the thermal power generating unit by regional control deviation, and determining frequency modulation output of the thermal power generating unit.
And 150, determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group.
The dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group is determined, namely the value dynamically distributed to the energy storage power station group by the regional control deviation can be determined, and therefore the frequency modulation output of the energy storage power station group can be determined.
And step 160, determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group.
Specifically, the value dynamically allocated to the energy storage power station group by the area control deviation, that is, the value allocated to all the energy storage power stations, can be determined according to the dynamic allocation coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group. And then, according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, the dynamic distribution coefficient between the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group can be determined, and further, according to the value dynamically distributed to all the energy storage power stations by the regional control deviation, the frequency modulation output of each energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group can be further determined.
In the technical scheme of this embodiment, the working principle of the frequency modulation control method for the power distribution network is as follows: firstly, the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit, the corrected upper frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station and the corrected lower frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station are calculated respectively. And then, calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of each energy storage power station according to the upper frequency modulation power limit corrected by each energy storage power station and the lower frequency modulation power limit corrected by each energy storage power station, and calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the energy storage power station group according to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of each energy storage power station. And finally, according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the energy storage power station group, respectively calculating a dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group and a dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, so that the frequency modulation output of the thermal power generating unit can be determined according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the fire generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, and the frequency modulation output of the energy storage power station group can be determined according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, thereby realizing the advantage complementation between the energy. In addition, the dynamic distribution coefficient between each energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group can be determined according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, so that the frequency modulation output of each energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group can be further determined. Therefore, according to the frequency modulation requirement of the power distribution network, the actual regional control deviation and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each frequency modulation power supply are considered, and the dynamic distribution coefficient of the regional control deviation between the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit is determined, so that the respective frequency modulation output of the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit is determined, the reasonable distribution of the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit is finally realized, and the effect of advantage complementation is realized.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group are calculated according to the frequency modulation requirement of the system, and the dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group is determined according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group; determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group; and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group. Therefore, the dynamic distribution coefficient of the regional control deviation between the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit can be determined, the respective frequency modulation output of the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit is determined, and the effects of reasonable distribution and complementary advantages of the energy storage power station group and the thermal power generating unit are finally achieved.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a power grid AGC control system involving participation of an energy storage-containing power station group provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network comprises:
acquiring power fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of a tie line;
and calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network according to the power fluctuation and the frequency fluctuation of the tie line.
Specifically, before calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, a frequency modulation control area containing the participation of the energy storage power station group is established in an automatic generation control system AGC. A block diagram of a power grid AGC control system involving participation of an energy storage power station group is shown in fig. 2.
After a frequency modulation control area containing energy storage power station groups is established in an automatic generation control system AGC, the tie line power fluctuation and the frequency fluctuation of the frequency modulation control area are measured, and the regional control deviation of the power distribution network is calculated according to the tie line power fluctuation and the frequency fluctuation obtained through measurement.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of ACE interval division and SOC interval division provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the calculation formula of the area control deviation of the power distribution network is as follows:
Ace＝ΔPt+BΔf
wherein A isceIndicating regional control deviation, Δ PtA deviation representing the sum of the actual measured values of the exchange power of all the links of the control area and the sum of the planned values of the trade; Δ f represents the difference between the system frequency value and the nominal value; the frequency response coefficient of the control region is expressed in units of MW/Hz.
The magnitude of the absolute value of the area control deviation ACE of the power distribution network represents the frequency modulation requirement of the power distribution network, and interval division is carried out on the absolute value of the ACE in order to further know the frequency modulation requirement condition of the power distribution network. Specifically, referring to FIG. 3, the absolute value of ACE is shownThe following status intervals are divided: frequency modulation dead zone [0, Ace,min) Normal frequency modulation region [ Ace,min,Ace,mid) Sub-emergency frequency modulation region [ A ]ce,mid,Ace,max) And an emergency frequency modulation area [ Ace,maxAnd ∞). Wherein A isce,minIs the dividing point between the frequency modulation dead zone and the normal frequency modulation zone, Ace,midIs the dividing point between the normal frequency modulation area and the sub-emergency frequency modulation area, Ace,maxIs the dividing point between the sub-emergency frequency modulation area and the emergency frequency modulation area.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of frequency fluctuation in comparison between the dynamic power allocation policy and the fixed-ratio allocation policy provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, a curve L1 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve under a dynamic power distribution strategy, and a curve L2 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve under a fixed-proportion distribution strategy, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the maximum transient frequency difference of the distribution network under the dynamic power distribution strategy is relatively small. The dynamic allocation strategy is the dynamic frequency modulation in the embodiment of the invention.
Optionally, determining a dynamic distribution coefficient between the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, where the determining includes:
and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group.
The dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group is determined mainly based on the consideration of the respective dynamic frequency modulation capability DAA.
In one embodiment, a specific implementation process of the power distribution network frequency modulation control method includes the following steps:
firstly, a frequency modulation control area containing energy storage power station groups is established in an automatic power generation control system. Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a power grid AGC control system involving an energy storage station group, where the control manner of the energy storage station group participating in secondary frequency modulation is generally based on two distribution modes, namely, Area control deviation ACE (Area adjustment Requirements) or Area adjustment requirement (ARR) signals. The main difference between the two control modes of ACE and ARR is that the latter is switched by a PI controller. The ACE or ARR signal is then distributed to a frequency modulated power supply according to the different participation factors. In order to exert the advantage of rapid frequency modulation of the energy storage power station to the maximum extent, the invention adopts a frequency modulation control mode based on ACE signals.
And secondly, measuring power fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of the tie line to calculate the area control deviation ACE, and carrying out interval division on the ACE, wherein specific interval division can refer to fig. 3. And thirdly, integrating the charge and discharge power of each energy storage power station to calculate the SOC of each energy storage power station. Because the service life of the energy storage battery is affected by overcharge and overdischarge, the limit of the SOC is considered in the output of the energy storage power station in the operation process, and the SOC is divided into intervals, as shown in fig. 3.
Wherein S isOC,iThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein S isOC,i(t) represents the state of charge of the ith energy storage power station at the moment t; eini,iRepresenting the initial capacity of the ith energy storage power station; pbess,i(t) the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station at the moment t is represented, and the power is set to be positive during discharging and negative during charging; eN,iIndicating the rated capacity of the ith energy storage power station.
And fourthly, calculating the upper and lower limits of the frequency modulation power of each energy storage power station after correction according to the SOC interval division.
And correcting the upper limit of the frequency modulation power of each energy storage power station by considering the influence of the SOC. The calculation formula of the frequency modulation power upper limit after correction of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein,
representing the upper limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction; pbesS,NRepresenting the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage battery; k1、K2Is an adjusting parameter set by people.
And correcting the lower limit of the frequency modulation power of each energy storage power station by considering the influence of the SOC. The calculation formula of the corrected lower limit of the frequency modulation power of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein,
the lower limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction is represented as a negative value; sOC,iAnd the state of charge of the ith energy storage power station at the moment t is shown.
And fifthly, calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capabilities DAA of the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group respectively.
The dynamic frequency modulation capability DAA of the frequency modulation power supply can reflect the power input and output capabilities of various frequency modulation devices in a scheduling period. DAA is defined in this example as: the frequency modulation power supply has the maximum power adjustment amount in one AGC instruction scheduling period.
The calculation formula of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
wherein D isaa.g(t) representing the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the thermal power generating unit at the moment t; pg.j(t) representing the active power actually generated by the thermal power generating unit j at the moment t;
representing the maximum generating power of the up regulation of the thermal power generating unit j;
representing a down-regulated minimum generated power of the thermal power generating unit j; t iscomA scheduling period (unit: s) indicating an automatic power generation control command;
representing the up-regulation rate (unit: MW/min) of j power of the thermal power generating unit;
and expressing the downward regulation rate (unit: MW/min) of j power of the thermal power generating unit.
The climbing rate of the thermal power generating unit is low, so that the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit is mainly influenced by the climbing rate.
The calculation formula of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein D isaa.i(t) represents the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the ith energy storage power station at the moment t; pbess.i(t) the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station at the time t is represented;
representing the upper limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction;
representing the lower limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction;
the discharge rate of the ith energy storage power station power is represented; t iscomA scheduling period representing an automatic power generation control command;
representing the charging rate of the ith energy storage plant power.
The calculation formula of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group is as follows:
wherein D isaa,bessAnd (t) represents the expected dynamic frequency modulation power of the energy storage power station group at the time t.
Generally, the output response speed of the energy storage power station is very fast, so the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station is mainly limited by the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage power station.
And sixthly, calculating and determining the dynamic distribution coefficients of the area control deviation ACE in the energy storage power station group and the traditional frequency modulation unit.
Specifically, the calculation formulas of the dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power unit between the thermal power unit and the energy storage power station group and the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power unit and the energy storage power station group are respectively as follows:
Ace.g＝αAce,α∈[0,1]
Ace.bess＝(1-α)Ace
wherein A isce.gRepresenting a value, A, dynamically allocated to all thermal power unitsce.bessThe method comprises the steps of representing a value dynamically allocated to an energy storage power station group, representing alpha to an ACE dynamic allocation coefficient of a thermal power unit, and representing 1-alpha to the ACE dynamic allocation coefficient of the energy storage power station group;
indicating the relative severity of the regional control deviation at time t;
representing the occupation ratio of the thermal power generating unit in all frequency modulation equipment at the moment t on the dynamic adjustable capacity; beta is alTo represent
Influence degree on dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit; daa.g(t) representing the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the thermal power generating unit at the moment t; daa.bessAnd (t) represents the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group at the time t.
Wherein the relative severity of the regional control deviation
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
specifically, the absolute value | A of the deviation is controlled when the intervalce(t) | belongs to the frequency modulation dead zone [0, A ]ce,min) In time, the output adjustment quantity of the frequency modulation power supply is 0 without considering the distribution coefficient; absolute value | A of current interval control deviationce(t) | belongs to the normal frequency modulation region [ A |)ce,min,Ace,min) When l is 1, and when the absolute value | a of the interval control deviationce(t) | belongs to the sub-emergency frequency modulation region [ A |)ce,mid,Ace,max) When l is 2, parameter betalThe value of (A) is determined according to the real-time working conditions of the power distribution network and the frequency modulation power supply; absolute value | A of current interval control deviationce(t) | belongs to the emergency frequency modulation region [ A |)ce,maxAnd infinity), the distribution coefficient is not considered, and the energy storage power station and the thermal power generating unit directly output power according to the maximum frequency modulation power.
The determination of the dynamic distribution coefficient of the area control deviation ACE in the energy storage power station group and the conventional frequency modulation unit (e.g. thermal power unit) is mainly based on the relative severity of the area control deviation and the consideration of the dynamic frequency modulation capability of the frequency modulation power supply.
The larger the deviation of the zone control, the larger the output requirement of the frequency modulation power supply is. On the basis of considering the limited capacity of the energy storage power station, when the frequency modulation requirement of the power distribution network is large, the rapid response advantage of the energy storage power station is expected to be exerted in an effort. The dynamic frequency modulation capability of the frequency modulation power supply shows the supporting capability of the current frequency modulation power supplies to the frequency, and the index naturally needs to be considered when the output force of each power supply is distributed. Moreover, the influence degrees of the two indexes, namely the relative severity of the regional control deviation and the dynamic frequency modulation capability of the frequency modulation power supply, on the distribution coefficient are different under different ACE states, and appropriate adjustment needs to be made according to actual conditions.
And seventhly, calculating and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient of the ACE among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group. The determination of the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations is mainly based on the consideration of the DAA of the respective dynamic frequency modulation capability, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Ace.i＝piAce.bess
wherein A isce.iRepresenting the value, p, dynamically allocated to the i-th energy storage station in the group of energy storage stationsiAnd representing the dynamic distribution coefficient of the ith energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group.
The dynamic frequency modulation capability of the ith energy storage power station is represented as the proportion of the energy storage power station group, and the proportion can be directly equivalent to the dynamic distribution coefficient of each energy storage power station ACE.
And eighthly, reasonably determining the output of each frequency modulation power supply according to the dynamic distribution coefficients between the energy storage power station group and the thermal power unit group obtained by calculation in the first step to the seventh step and the dynamic distribution coefficients between the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group.
In addition, fig. 5 is a schematic frequency fluctuation diagram of the conventional frequency modulation unit in comparison between a dynamic power distribution strategy and a fixed-proportion distribution strategy, and referring to fig. 5, a curve P1 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve of the conventional frequency modulation unit in the dynamic power distribution strategy, and a curve P2 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve of the conventional frequency modulation unit in the fixed-proportion distribution strategy. Fig. 6 is a schematic frequency fluctuation diagram of the energy storage power station No. 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention in comparison between a dynamic power distribution strategy and a fixed-proportion distribution strategy, and referring to fig. 6, a curve P3 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve of the energy storage power station No. 1 in the dynamic power distribution strategy, and a curve P4 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve of the energy storage power station No. 1 in the fixed-proportion distribution strategy. Fig. 7 is a schematic frequency fluctuation diagram of a No. 2 energy storage power station in comparison of a dynamic power distribution strategy and a fixed-proportion distribution strategy, referring to fig. 7, a curve P5 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve of the No. 2 energy storage power station in the dynamic power distribution strategy, and a curve P6 is a distribution network frequency fluctuation curve of the No. 2 energy storage power station in the fixed-proportion distribution strategy. As can be seen from fig. 5-7, referring to fig. 5, the frequency modulation output of the conventional frequency modulation unit (e.g., thermal power unit) under the dynamic power distribution strategy is relatively smaller than that under the fixed-proportion distribution strategy; referring to fig. 6 or fig. 7, the frequency modulation output of the energy storage power station under the dynamic power distribution strategy is relatively larger than that under the fixed proportion distribution strategy; as can be seen from the longitudinal comparison between fig. 6 and fig. 7, the frequency-modulated output of the energy storage power station No. 1 is greater than the frequency-modulated output of the energy storage power station No. 2 under the dynamic power distribution strategy, and the frequency-modulated output changes of the two energy storage power stations are the same under the fixed-proportion distribution strategy.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of SOC change of the energy storage power station No. 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention in comparison between a dynamic power distribution strategy and a fixed-proportion distribution strategy, where a curve S1 is an SOC change curve of the energy storage power station No. 1 under the dynamic power distribution strategy, and a curve S2 is an SOC change curve of the energy storage power station No. 1 under the fixed-proportion distribution strategy. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of SOC change of the energy storage power station No. 2 according to comparison between a dynamic power distribution strategy and a fixed-proportion distribution strategy, where a curve S3 is an SOC change curve of the energy storage power station No. 2 under the dynamic power distribution strategy, and a curve S4 is an SOC change curve of the energy storage power station No. 2 under the fixed-proportion distribution strategy. As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, the SOC of the energy storage power station is decreased faster and the decrease value is larger under the dynamic power distribution strategy; as can be seen from the longitudinal comparison of fig. 8 and 9, the SOC drop of the energy storage power station No. 1 under the dynamic power distribution strategy is higher than that of the energy storage power station No. 2, and the SOC changes of the two energy storage power stations under the fixed-proportion distribution strategy are the same.
And analyzing the results, wherein the energy storage output based on SOC dynamic sensing is different under the dynamic power distribution strategy due to different setting of the initial values of the two energy storage power stations. The fixed-proportion distribution strategy does not consider the influence of the SOC at all, the output rule is single, the interaction with the power grid and the energy storage state is lacked, and the real advantage that the energy storage power station group participates in AGC is difficult to be brought into play. The dynamic power distribution strategy overcomes the defects, improves the frequency modulation effect of the power grid, and flexibly maintains the SOC of the energy storage power station.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A frequency modulation control method for a power distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit, the modified upper frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station and the modified lower frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station;
calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of each energy storage power station according to the corrected upper frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station and the corrected lower frequency modulation power limit of each energy storage power station;
calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group according to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station;
determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group;
determining a dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group according to the regional control deviation of the power distribution network, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group;
and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group.
2. The method for frequency modulation control of a power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein said calculating a regional control deviation of said power distribution network comprises:
acquiring power fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of a tie line;
and calculating the regional control deviation of the power distribution network according to the power fluctuation and the frequency fluctuation of the tie line.
3. A frequency modulation control method for a power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the calculation formula of the regional control deviation of the power distribution network is as follows:
Ace＝ΔPt+BΔf
wherein A isceIndicating regional control deviation, Δ PtA deviation representing the sum of the actual measured values of the exchange power of all the links of the control area and the sum of the planned values of the trade; Δ f represents the difference between the system frequency value and the nominal value; representing the frequency response coefficients of the control zone.
4. The power distribution network frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability calculation formula of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
wherein D isaa.g(t) representing the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the thermal power generating unit at the moment t; pg.j(t) representing the active power actually generated by the thermal power generating unit j at the moment t;
representing the maximum generating power of the up regulation of the thermal power generating unit j;
representing a down-regulated minimum generated power of the thermal power generating unit j; t iscomA scheduling period representing an automatic power generation control command;
representing the up-regulation rate of j power of the thermal power generating unit;
and expressing the downward regulation rate of j power of the thermal power generating unit.
5. The power distribution network frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the modified frequency modulation power upper limit of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein,
representing the upper limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction; sOC,iIndicates the ith binThe charge state of the energy power station at the moment t; pbess,NRepresenting the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage battery; k1、K2A human being is a set adjustment parameter;
the calculation formula of the corrected lower limit of the frequency modulation power of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein,
and (4) representing the corrected lower limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station.
6. The power distribution network frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station is as follows:
wherein D isaa.i(t) represents the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the ith energy storage power station at the moment t; pbess.i(t) the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station at the time t is represented;
representing the upper limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction;
representing the lower limit of the frequency modulation power of the ith energy storage power station after correction;
the discharge rate of the ith energy storage power station power is represented; t iscomA scheduling period representing an automatic power generation control command;
representing the charging rate of the ith energy storage plant power.
7. The power distribution network frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group according to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station comprises:
the sum of the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacities of the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group is equal to the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the energy storage power station group.
8. The power distribution network frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formulas of the dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group and the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group are respectively:
Ace.g＝αAce,α∈[0,1]
Ace.bess＝(1-α)Ace
wherein A isce.gRepresenting a value, A, dynamically allocated to all thermal power unitsce.bessExpressing the value dynamically allocated to the energy storage power station group, alpha expressing the ACE dynamic allocation coefficient of the thermal power generating unit, 1-alpha expressing the ACE dynamic allocation coefficient of the energy storage power station group；
Indicating the relative severity of the regional control deviation at time t;
representing the occupation ratio of the thermal power generating unit in all frequency modulation equipment at the moment t on the dynamic adjustable capacity; beta is alTo represent
Influence degree on dynamic distribution coefficient of the thermal power generating unit; daa.g(t) representing the expected dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the thermal power generating unit at the moment t; daa.bessAnd (t) represents the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group at the time t.
9. The method for controlling frequency modulation of a power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the determining the dynamic distribution coefficients among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficients of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group comprises:
and determining the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group according to the dynamic distribution coefficient of the energy storage power station group between the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage power station group, the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of the energy storage power station group and the expected dynamic frequency modulation capability of each energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group.
10. The power distribution network frequency modulation control method according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula of the dynamic distribution coefficient among the energy storage power stations in the energy storage power station group is as follows:
Ace.i＝piAce.bess
wherein A isce.iRepresenting the value, p, dynamically allocated to the i-th energy storage station in the group of energy storage stationsiThe dynamic distribution coefficient of the ith energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group is shown,
and the occupation ratio of the dynamic frequency modulation capacity of the ith energy storage power station in the energy storage power station group is shown.
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| CN117498380A (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-02-02 | 北京清电科技有限公司 | Frequency modulation control method for energy storage thermal power generating unit |
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| CN117498380A (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-02-02 | 北京清电科技有限公司 | Frequency modulation control method for energy storage thermal power generating unit |
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