CN113471687A - Millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna - Google Patents
Millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113471687A CN113471687A CN202110649484.2A CN202110649484A CN113471687A CN 113471687 A CN113471687 A CN 113471687A CN 202110649484 A CN202110649484 A CN 202110649484A CN 113471687 A CN113471687 A CN 113471687A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The application provides a millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna, which comprises a bottom substrate, a middle substrate and a top substrate; the bottom substrate is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure and two first power dividers, the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure is provided with a first input feed structure and a second input feed structure, and the first input feed structure and the second input feed structure are respectively used for generating a wave beam of a sum signal and a wave beam of a difference signal through a single-pulse feed network; the first power divider is provided with a first interlayer coupling gap; the middle substrate is provided with two second power dividers, second interlayer coupling gaps are formed in the second power dividers, and the two first power dividers and the two second power dividers are electrically coupled through the first interlayer coupling gaps and the second interlayer coupling gaps; a first feed coupling gap is arranged in the second power divider; the top substrate is provided with a second feed coupling gap and an antenna radiation array; the first feed coupling gap and the second feed coupling gap are electrically coupled.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna.
Background
As is well known, millimeter waves have characteristics of short wavelength, high frequency, wide frequency band and the like, and have wide application prospects in various military and civil application fields such as new-generation mobile communication, security imaging, internet of things, biomedicine, high-data-rate communication, radar detection and the like. The design of millimeter wave devices and antennas is being widely researched, the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna can fully utilize the excellent characteristics of millimeter waves in the design process, an array is easy to form, the structure is compact, the absolute bandwidth is very wide, and accordingly, the design of the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna has very high requirements on the size of a processing structure and the reduction of loss.
When a compact antenna structure and a high-gain broadband are considered, a design scheme of a millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna with innovation and more reasonable is urgently needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna, which has technical advantages of compact structure and low loss.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna comprises a bottom substrate, a middle substrate and a top substrate; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the bottom substrate is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide; the substrate integrated waveguide comprises a substrate integrated waveguide plane magic T structure and two first power dividers, the two first power dividers are symmetrically arranged relative to the substrate integrated waveguide plane magic T structure, and the substrate integrated waveguide plane magic T structure and the two first power dividers form a single-pulse feed network; the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure is provided with a first input feed structure and a second input feed structure, and the first input feed structure and the second input feed structure are respectively used for generating a wave beam of a sum signal and a wave beam of a difference signal through the monopulse feed network; a first interlayer coupling gap is formed in one side, facing the middle substrate, of the first power divider;
the middle substrate is provided with two second power dividers, and second interlayer coupling gaps are arranged in the second power dividers; the two first power dividers and the two second power dividers are arranged oppositely one by one, and are electrically coupled through the first interlayer coupling gap and the second interlayer coupling gap; a first feed coupling gap is formed in one side, facing the top substrate, of the second power divider;
a second feed coupling gap is formed in one side, facing the middle substrate, of the top substrate, and an antenna radiation array is arranged on one side, facing away from the middle substrate, of the top substrate; the first feed coupling gap is electrically coupled with the second feed coupling gap, and the second feed coupling gap is used for feeding electromagnetic waves to the antenna radiation array to radiate out of the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna.
In one embodiment, the substrate integrated waveguide comprises two rows of metalized through holes, namely an inner row of metalized through holes and an outer row of metalized through holes, wherein the inner row of metalized through holes and the outer row of metalized through holes are arranged at intervals; the inner row of metalized through holes comprises a plurality of metalized through holes which are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the outer row of metalized through holes comprises a plurality of metalized through holes which are sequentially arranged at intervals;
the substrate integrated waveguide is arranged to allow the cutoff frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal to be adjusted by adjusting the spacing distance between the inner row of metallized through holes and the outer row of metallized through holes and/or the aperture of the metallized through holes.
In one embodiment, the antenna radiation array comprises a plurality of antenna units, the antenna units are arranged according to a set array to form the antenna radiation array, and each antenna unit is in an i shape; the second feed coupling gap comprises a plurality of single gaps, the single gaps are arranged according to the set array to form the second feed coupling gap, and each single gap is I-shaped;
the center of the antenna radiation array is coincident with the center of the second feed coupling slot, and the antenna unit and the single slot are mutually orthogonal.
In one embodiment, the setting array is N rows and M columns, wherein N is greater than M; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the single-row arrangement direction of the N rows is the width direction of the top substrate;
the single-row arrangement direction of the M rows is the length direction of the top substrate.
In one embodiment, each of the antenna elements is a dual element patch antenna element.
In one embodiment, the second interlayer coupling slit comprises two pairs of slits, each of the two pairs of slits comprising two linear slits parallel to each other;
the first feed coupling gap comprises a plurality of single gaps, the single gaps are arranged according to a set array to form the second feed coupling gap, and the two pairs of gaps are symmetrically arranged relative to the second feed coupling gap.
In one embodiment, the setting array is N rows and M columns, wherein N is greater than M; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the single-row arrangement direction of the N rows is the width direction of the middle substrate, the single-row arrangement direction of the M rows is the length direction of the middle substrate, and the two pairs of gaps are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second feed coupling gap along the single-row arrangement direction.
In one embodiment, a working bandwidth expanding structure is arranged in a region between the second interlayer coupling gap and the first feed coupling gap;
the working bandwidth expanding structure comprises 3 metalized through holes, and the 3 metalized through holes are respectively positioned on three vertexes of the same triangle.
In one embodiment, the first input feed structure and the second input feed structure are both standard rectangular waveguide port structures.
In one embodiment, the first interlayer coupling gap is a blind via structure;
the second interlayer coupling gap is a through hole structure.
The millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, according to the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the application, the monopulse feed network is arranged on the bottom substrate based on the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure and the two first power dividers, the first input feed structure and the second input feed structure can respectively generate a sum signal beam and a difference signal beam through the monopulse feed network, the sum signal beam and the difference signal beam pass through the first interlayer coupling gap and the second interlayer coupling gap, electromagnetic waves of the bottom substrate are transmitted into the middle substrate through the first interlayer coupling gap, and the middle substrate feeds the electromagnetic waves to the antenna radiation array through the electrical coupling of the first feed coupling gap and the first feed coupling gap so as to radiate the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna.
The millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna can provide a plurality of wave beams simultaneously, and forms an antenna of a sum signal and a difference signal required by direction finding by using a single pulse echo, namely, a monopulse feed network is designed by using the substrate integrated waveguide and the printed circuit board technology to provide better bandwidth and transmission performance based on a magic T structure to generate electromagnetic wave signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase on a bottom substrate. In addition, the optimized design of feeding is achieved through slot coupling, the bandwidth and the gain of the antenna radiation array are obviously improved, a good foundation is provided for the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna, and the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna has the advantages of compact structure, wide frequency band and high gain, and can have wide application prospects in a millimeter wave frequency band. The millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the application is particularly suitable for millimeter wave sensing and communication application, and the antenna design of the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the application and the combination of the single pulse feed network can radiate sum beams and difference beams, so that the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna can be suitable for high-gain sum-difference beam switching single pulse application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a side of a top substrate facing away from an intermediate substrate according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a side of a top substrate facing an intermediate substrate according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a side of an intermediate substrate facing a top substrate according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a side of an intermediate substrate facing an underlying substrate according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a side of a base substrate facing an intermediate substrate according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a side of a base substrate facing away from an intermediate substrate according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a diagram of a simulation result of S-parameters of the millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna according to the embodiment of the present application during operation;
fig. 9 is a normalized directivity diagram of radiation of sum beams and difference beams of a millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna at a frequency point of 60GHz, according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
100. a base substrate; 200. an intermediate substrate; 300. a top substrate;
101. the substrate is integrated with a waveguide plane magic T structure; 102. a first power divider; 103. a first interlayer coupling gap; 101a, a first input feed structure; 101b, a second input feed structure; 101c, inner row of metallized through holes; 101d, arranging metallized through holes outside;
201. a second power divider; 202. a second interlayer coupling gap; 203. a first feed coupling gap; 204. a working bandwidth extension structure;
301. a second feed coupling gap; 302. an antenna radiating array.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application will now be described.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the present application includes a bottom substrate 100, a middle substrate 200, and a top substrate 300.
Wherein the base substrate 100 is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide; the substrate integrated waveguide comprises a substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure 101 and two first power dividers 102, the two first power dividers 102 are symmetrically arranged relative to the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure 101, and the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure 101 and the two first power dividers 102 form a single-pulse feed network; the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure 101 has a first input feed structure 101a and a second input feed structure 101b, the first input feed structure 101a and the second input feed structure 101b are respectively used for generating a beam of a sum signal and a beam of a difference signal through the monopulse feed network; a first interlayer coupling gap 103 is disposed in the first power divider 102 on a side facing the intermediate substrate 200.
The middle substrate 200 is provided with two second power dividers 201, and second interlayer coupling gaps 202 are arranged in the second power dividers 201; the two first power dividers 102 and the two second power dividers 201 are arranged in a one-to-one opposite manner, and the two first power dividers 102 and the two second power dividers 201 are electrically coupled through the first interlayer coupling gap 103 and the second interlayer coupling gap 202; a first feed coupling gap 203 is arranged in the second power divider 201 on the side facing the top substrate 300.
A second feed coupling slot 301 is arranged on one side of the top substrate facing the middle substrate 200, and an antenna radiation array 302 is arranged on one side of the top substrate facing away from the middle substrate 200; the first feed coupling slot 203 is electrically coupled with a second feed coupling slot 301, and the second feed coupling slot 301 is used for feeding electromagnetic waves to the antenna radiation array 302 to radiate out of the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna.
The first power divider 102 and the second power divider 201 are both a one-to-two power divider, and the two first power dividers 102 and the two second power dividers 201 are electrically coupled by the first interlayer coupling gap 103 and the second interlayer coupling gap 202 to form a one-to-four power divider.
According to the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the application, the monopulse feed network is arranged on the bottom substrate 100 based on the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure 101 and the two first power dividers 102, the first input feed structure 101a and the second input feed structure 101b can respectively generate a sum signal beam and a difference signal beam through the monopulse feed network, the sum signal beam and the difference signal beam pass through the first interlayer coupling gap 103 and the second interlayer coupling gap 202, electromagnetic waves of the bottom substrate 100 are transmitted into the middle substrate 200 through the first interlayer coupling gap, the middle substrate 200 is electrically coupled with the first feed coupling gap 203 through the first feed coupling gap 203, and the electromagnetic waves are fed to the antenna radiation array 302 to be radiated out of the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna.
In one embodiment, the substrate integrated waveguide includes two rows of metalized through holes, namely, an inner row of metalized through holes 101c and an outer row of metalized through holes 101d, wherein the inner row of metalized through holes 101c and the outer row of metalized through holes 101d are arranged at intervals; the inner row of metalized through holes 101c comprises a plurality of metalized through holes which are sequentially arranged at intervals, the outer row of metalized through holes 101d comprises a plurality of metalized through holes which are sequentially arranged at intervals, and electromagnetic waves can propagate among the metalized through holes.
The substrate integrated waveguide is arranged to allow the cutoff frequency of electromagnetic wave signals to be adjusted by adjusting the spacing distance between the inner row of metallized through holes 101c and the outer row of metallized through holes 101d and/or the aperture of the metallized through holes, so that the substrate integrated waveguide works in a fundamental mode, and the electromagnetic wave is prevented from leaking by adjusting the spacing of the metallized through holes, so that the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna has good transmission performance in a millimeter wave frequency band.
In one embodiment, the antenna radiation array 302 includes a plurality of antenna units, the antenna units are arranged according to a set array to form the antenna radiation array 302, and each antenna unit is i-shaped; the second feed coupling gap 301 comprises a plurality of single gaps, the plurality of single gaps are arranged according to the set array to form the second feed coupling gap 301, and each single gap is in an i shape; the center of the antenna radiating array 302 and the center of the second feed coupling slot 301 coincide, and the antenna element and the single slot are orthogonal to each other.
In one embodiment, each of the antenna units is a dual patch antenna unit, the dual patch antenna unit is formed by combining two patches connected by a microstrip transmission line, and the dual patch antenna unit can also be regarded as an i-shaped structure.
The center of the antenna radiation array 302 coincides with the center of the second feed coupling slot 301, and the two i-shaped structures are orthogonal to each other, so that the slot is coupled to the top substrate 300, and then is transmitted to the microstrip line at the center of the antenna radiation unit, and further transmitted to the patches at the two sides, so that the antenna radiation array 302 works. This application adopts the binary paster, makes the antenna effective area of feed promote all the way, and then has improved the gain of unit, also makes the gain of whole array promote.
In one embodiment, the setting array is N rows and M columns, wherein N is greater than M; and, the single-row arrangement direction of the N rows is the width direction of the top substrate 300; the single-row arrangement direction of the M rows is the length direction of the top substrate 300. For example, the setting array is 4 rows and 2 columns.
The first feed coupling gap 203 and the second feed coupling gap 301 are the same in shape and are both in an I shape, the I-shaped feed coupling gap is a feed source of the upper antenna radiation array 302, the performance of the antenna is directly influenced by the feed structure, the I-shaped structure is considered to be used in design, and the requirement of a wide frequency band can be met.
In one embodiment, the second interlayer coupling slit 202 includes two pairs of slits, each of the two pairs of slits including two linear slits parallel to each other; the first feed coupling gap 203 includes a plurality of single gaps, the plurality of single gaps are arranged according to a set array to form the second feed coupling gap 301, and the two pairs of gaps are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second feed coupling gap 301.
In one embodiment, the setting array is N rows and M columns, wherein N is greater than M; and the single-row arrangement direction of the N rows is the width direction of the middle substrate 200, the single-row arrangement direction of the M rows is the length direction of the middle substrate 200, and the two pairs of slits are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the second feed coupling slit 301 along the single-row arrangement direction. For example, the setting array is 4 rows and 2 columns.
In one embodiment, an operating bandwidth expanding structure 204 is arranged in a region between the second interlayer coupling gap 202 and the first feed coupling gap 203; the working bandwidth extension structure 204 includes 3 metalized through holes, and the 3 metalized through holes are respectively located on three vertices of the same triangle. The 3 metallized through holes are designed to match with the I-shaped feed coupling gap and the antenna radiation array 302 to realize a broadband, and the number of resonance points of electromagnetic waves at the position can be increased by flexibly setting the number of the metallized through holes and the relative positions of the metallized through holes and the feed coupling gap in the substrate integrated waveguide, so that the broadening of the frequency band is realized. In this embodiment, the preferred operating bandwidth extension structure 204 includes 3 metallized vias.
In one embodiment, the first input feed structure 101a and the second input feed structure 101b are both standard rectangular waveguide port structures, the impedance matching performance of the first input feed structure 101a and the second input feed structure 101b can be adjusted by radiating metal sheets and metallized through holes, and electromagnetic waves are transmitted from the standard rectangular waveguide port structures into the substrate integrated waveguide through the first input feed structure 101a and the second input feed structure 101b, so that the radiation shielding effect is good, the reflection of smaller electromagnetic wave signals over a wide frequency band is realized, and the loss is reduced. Preferably, the standard rectangular waveguide port structure is securely mounted by a flange during assembly.
In one embodiment, the first interlayer coupling gap 103 is a blind via structure, and the second interlayer coupling gap 202 is a through via structure.
The millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna can provide a plurality of wave beams simultaneously, an antenna of 'sum' signals and 'difference' signals required by direction finding is formed by using single pulse echoes, a single pulse feed network designed by using the substrate integrated waveguide and printed circuit board technology can provide better bandwidth and transmission performance, and phase errors can be reduced remarkably when the 'sum' signals and the 'difference' signals are formed. In addition, the optimized design of feeding is achieved through slot coupling, the bandwidth and the gain of the antenna radiation array 302 are obviously improved, a good foundation is provided for the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna, and the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna has a wide application prospect in a millimeter wave frequency band. The millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the application is particularly suitable for millimeter wave sensing and communication application, and the antenna design of the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the application and the combination of the single pulse feed network can radiate sum beams and difference beams, so that the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna can be suitable for high-gain sum-difference beam switching single pulse application.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a diagram of a simulation result of S-parameters of the millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna provided by the present application during operation. In the figure, S11 is the reflection coefficient when the first input feed structure 101a inputs signals and the second input feed structure 101b is connected with a fixed matching load, and the operating bandwidth when the first input feed structure 101a inputs signals is 56.4-67GHz by taking S11< -10dB as reference; in the figure, S22 is the reflection coefficient when the second input feed structure 101b inputs signals, the first input feed structure 101a is connected with a fixed matching load, and the operating bandwidth when the second input feed structure 101b inputs signals is 56-66.4GHz by taking S22< -10dB as reference, the whole antenna can operate at 56.4-66.4GHz, the absolute bandwidth reaches 10GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 16.3%.
As shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a normalized directivity diagram of radiation of a sum beam and a difference beam of a millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna at a frequency point of 60GHz, which is output by professional electromagnetic simulation software, where the sum beam in the diagram is an input signal of a first input feed structure 101a, and a beam pattern when a second input feed structure 101b is connected to a fixed matching load, and a gain reaches 19.6 dBi; in the figure, the difference beam is the beam pattern when the second input feed structure 101b inputs signals and the first input feed structure 101a is connected with a fixed matching load, the gain reaches 17dBi, and the difference between the beam and the difference beam is 28dB at the position of 0 degrees, namely, the single pulse zero depth is 28 dB.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna is characterized in that:
comprises a bottom substrate (100), a middle substrate (200) and a top substrate (300); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the bottom substrate (100) is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide; the substrate integrated waveguide comprises a substrate integrated waveguide plane magic T structure (101) and two first power dividers (102), the two first power dividers (102) are symmetrically arranged relative to the substrate integrated waveguide plane magic T structure (101), and the substrate integrated waveguide plane magic T structure (101) and the two first power dividers (102) form a single-pulse feed network; the substrate integrated waveguide planar magic T structure (101) is provided with a first input feed structure (101a) and a second input feed structure (101b), and the first input feed structure (101a) and the second input feed structure (101b) are respectively used for generating a beam of a sum signal and a beam of a difference signal through the single-pulse feed network; a first interlayer coupling gap (103) is arranged on one side, facing the middle substrate (200), in the first power divider (102);
the middle substrate (200) is provided with two second power dividers (201), and second interlayer coupling gaps (202) are arranged in the second power dividers (201); the two first power dividers (102) and the two second power dividers (201) are arranged in a one-to-one opposite mode, and the two first power dividers (102) and the two second power dividers (201) are electrically coupled through the first interlayer coupling gap (103) and the second interlayer coupling gap (202); a first feed coupling gap (203) is arranged on one side, facing the top substrate (300), in the second power divider (201);
a second feed coupling gap (301) is arranged on one side, facing the middle substrate (200), of the top substrate, and an antenna radiation array (302) is arranged on one side, facing away from the middle substrate (200), of the top substrate; the first feed coupling slot (203) and a second feed coupling slot (301) are electrically coupled, and the second feed coupling slot (301) is used for feeding electromagnetic waves to the antenna radiation array (302) to radiate out of the millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna.
2. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the substrate integrated waveguide comprises two rows of metalized through holes, namely an inner row of metalized through holes (101c) and an outer row of metalized through holes (101d), wherein the inner row of metalized through holes (101c) and the outer row of metalized through holes (101d) are arranged at intervals; the inner row of metalized through holes (101c) comprises a plurality of metalized through holes which are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the outer row of metalized through holes (101d) comprises a plurality of metalized through holes which are sequentially arranged at intervals;
the substrate integrated waveguide is arranged to allow the cut-off frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal to be adjusted by adjusting the spacing distance between the inner row of metallized through holes (101c) and the outer row of metallized through holes (101d) and/or the aperture of the metallized through holes.
3. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 2, wherein:
the antenna radiation array (302) comprises a plurality of antenna units, the antenna radiation array (302) is formed by arranging the antenna units according to a set array, and each antenna unit is I-shaped; the second feed coupling gap (301) comprises a plurality of single gaps, the single gaps are arranged according to the set array to form the second feed coupling gap (301), and each single gap is I-shaped;
the center of the antenna radiation array (302) and the center of the second feed coupling slot (301) are coincident, and the antenna element and the single slot are mutually orthogonal.
4. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 3, wherein:
the setting array is N rows and M rows, wherein N is larger than M; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the single-row arrangement direction of the N rows is the width direction of the top substrate (300);
the single-row arrangement direction of the M rows is the length direction of the top substrate (300).
5. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 3 or 4, wherein:
each antenna unit is a binary patch antenna unit.
6. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the second interlayer coupling gap (202) comprises two pairs of gaps, and each pair of the two pairs of gaps comprises two linear gaps which are parallel to each other;
the first feed coupling gap (203) comprises a plurality of single gaps, the single gaps are arranged according to a set array to form the second feed coupling gap (301), and the two pairs of gaps are symmetrically arranged relative to the second feed coupling gap (301).
7. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 6, wherein:
the setting array is N rows and M rows, wherein N is larger than M; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the single-row arrangement direction of the N rows is the width direction of the middle substrate (200), the single-row arrangement direction of the M rows is the length direction of the middle substrate (200), and the two pairs of gaps are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second feed coupling gap (301) along the single-row arrangement direction.
8. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 6, wherein:
a working bandwidth expanding structure (204) is arranged in a region between the second interlayer coupling gap (202) and the first feed coupling gap (203); the working bandwidth expanding structure (204) comprises 3 metalized through holes, and the 3 metalized through holes are respectively positioned on three vertexes of the same triangle.
9. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the first input feed structure (101a) and the second input feed structure (101b) are each a standard rectangular waveguide port structure.
10. The millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the first interlayer coupling gap (103) is of a blind hole structure;
the second interlayer coupling gap (202) is a through hole structure.
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| CN202110649484.2A CN113471687B (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna |
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| CN202110649484.2A CN113471687B (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide antenna |
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