CN113470842A

CN113470842A - Dredging device and melting system

Info

Publication number: CN113470842A
Application number: CN202110685156.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李玉松; 朱冬冬; 鲜亮; 刘丽君
Original assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Current assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Priority date: 2021-06-21
Filing date: 2021-06-21
Publication date: 2021-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-21
Also published as: CN113470842B

Abstract

The invention discloses a dredging device and a melting system, wherein the dredging device is used for dredging a discharge opening of the melting device, the melting device comprises a discharge structure, the discharge structure is provided with a discharge channel communicated with the discharge opening and a discharge heating structure for heating the discharge channel, and the dredging device comprises: dredge, including heat transfer portion, before the melting device is unloaded, discharge opening department and discharge passage are formed with the solid-state thing, when the melting device need be unloaded, solid-state thing heating in to the discharge passage through the heating structure of unloading makes its melting, if discharge opening department still exists the solid-state thing afterwards, insert the dredge to the discharge passage in, and make heat transfer portion contact with the inner wall and the solid-state thing of discharge passage respectively, make its melting to this solid-state thing with heat transfer on the inner wall of discharge passage, and then realize the emergent mediation to the discharge opening, and the inner wall with the discharge passage is got up at remaining heat make full use of behind its inside solid-state thing melting, convenient operation and do benefit to energy-conservation.

Description

Dredging device and melting system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of melting devices, in particular to a dredging device and a melting system.

Background

At present, in the nuclear industry field, the cold crucible glass solidification technology has the advantages of high treatment temperature, wide types of treatable wastes, long service life of a smelting furnace, easy retirement and the like, and becomes a more advanced technological means for radioactive waste treatment domestically and internationally. Due to the limited volume of the body of the cold crucible, when radioactive waste (i.e. radioactive waste liquid) mainly existing in a liquid state is treated, the radioactive waste liquid can be pretreated in advance by being provided with a calcining furnace (such as a rotary calcining furnace), the radioactive waste liquid is calcined and converted into a solid powder, and then the solid powder is introduced into the cold crucible for subsequent melting and solidification, and the method is called a two-step cold crucible glass solidification technology.

The main equipment of the two-step cold crucible glass solidification technology comprises a calcining furnace and a cold crucible. The cold crucible is used for generating high-frequency (105-106 Hz) current by using a power supply, and then the high-frequency current is converted into electromagnetic current by an induction coil to penetrate into a material to be treated, so that eddy current is formed to generate heat, and the material to be treated is directly heated and melted. The cold crucible mainly comprises a cold crucible body and a melting heating structure, wherein the cold crucible body is a container (the shape of the container is mainly circular or oval) formed by a metal arc-shaped block or a pipe which is communicated with cooling water, and the melting heating structure comprises an induction coil which is wound on the outer side of the cold crucible body and a high-frequency induction power supply which is electrically connected with the induction coil. After the material to be treated is placed in the cold crucible body, open the high frequency induction power and energize to induction coil, convert the electric current into electromagnetic current through induction coil and see through the wall body of the cold crucible body and get into inside the material to be treated to at the inside vortex production heat that forms of material to be treated, and then realize the heating of material to be treated. When the cold crucible works, cooling water is continuously introduced into the metal arc-shaped block or the pipe, the temperature of a melt in the body of the cold crucible is very high and can generally reach more than 2000 ℃, but the wall body of the cold crucible still keeps a lower temperature which is generally less than 200 ℃, so that a layer of solid (cold wall) with the thickness of 2-3 cm is formed in a low-temperature region of the melt close to the wall body of the cold crucible, and the cold crucible is called as a cold crucible.

The cold crucible is heated to melt the materials, and then the materials need to be discharged through a discharge opening and/or a discharge channel. However, the discharge opening and/or the discharge channel of the known cold crucible may be blocked by solid matter formed by local solidification of the molten material, which would seriously impair the discharge operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention has been developed to provide a pull through and a melting system that overcome, or at least partially address, the above-mentioned problems.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a pull through for pulling through a discharge opening of a melting apparatus, the melting apparatus including a discharge structure having a discharge passage communicating with the discharge opening and a discharge heating structure for heating the discharge passage, the pull through comprising: the dredging piece comprises a heat transfer part, solid matters are formed in the discharging opening and the discharging channel before the melting device discharges materials, when the melting device needs to discharge materials, the solid matters in the discharging channel are heated through the discharging heating structure to be melted, and then if the solid matters still exist in the discharging opening, the dredging piece is inserted into the discharging channel, and the heat transfer part is respectively contacted with the inner wall of the discharging channel and the solid matters, so that heat on the inner wall of the discharging channel is transferred to the solid matters to be melted.

Further, the pull through is movable along the discharge channel towards the discharge opening during melting of the solid.

Further, the pull through member is rotatable along its axis while moving along the discharge passage toward the discharge opening.

Further, the pull through also includes a spike for piercing solids as the pull through moves along the discharge passageway toward the discharge opening.

Further, a part of the heat transfer portion forms a spike portion.

Furthermore, the outer wall of one side of the spine part is close to or attached to the inner wall of the discharging channel.

Further, the outer wall of spine portion is equipped with a plurality of blades, and a plurality of blades set up along the circumference interval of spine portion, and every blade extends to the top of spine portion along the axial direction of discharge passage, and/or, every blade is the heliciform and arranges and extend to the top of spine portion.

Further, the dimension of at least part of the heat transfer portion in the radial direction of the discharge channel is adapted to the radial dimension of the discharge channel.

Further, the pull through is made of a heat conductive material so that the pull through is integrally formed as a heat transfer portion.

Further, the stress measuring device is used for measuring the stress state of the dredging part in real time so as to judge the melting degree of the solid object dredged by the dredging part according to the stress state.

Further, the stress measuring device is used for measuring one or more of axial force, bending moment and torque of the dredging part in real time.

Further, the pull throughs also include: the first driving device is used for driving the dredging piece to move along the axial direction of the discharging channel and/or rotate along the axis of the dredging piece.

Further, the pull throughs also include: and the second driving device is used for driving the dredging piece to switch between a dredging station which can be inserted into the discharging channel and an idle station which avoids the discharging channel.

Further, the second driving device drives the dredging piece to swing and/or move.

According to another aspect of the invention there is also provided a fusion system comprising a fusion apparatus and a pull through for pulling through a discharge opening of the fusion apparatus, the pull through being as described above.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, before the melting device discharges materials, solid matters are formed by solidification at the discharging opening of the melting main body and in the discharging channel. When the melting device needs to discharge, the solid in the discharge channel is heated by the discharge heating structure to be melted and flow out. For some special reasons (for example, the bottom of the melting body is lower in temperature due to uneven stirring of materials, excessive materials and the like), the solid materials still exist at the discharge opening after the solid materials in the discharge channel flow out in a melting mode, at the moment, the dredging piece is inserted into the discharge channel, and the heat transfer part is respectively contacted with the inner wall of the discharge channel and the solid materials. Because the inner wall of the discharge passage is higher in temperature under the heating effect of the discharge heating structure, the heat transfer part of the dredging piece is in contact with the inner wall of the discharge passage, and the heat transfer part is also in contact with the solid object at the discharge opening, so that the heat on the inner wall of the discharge passage is transferred to the solid object at the discharge opening, the solid object at the discharge opening is melted, and the emergency dredging of the discharge opening is realized. Through the heat transfer portion of above-mentioned pull throughs, get up the remaining heat make full use of the inner wall of discharge passage after its inside solid state thing melts to this part heat is used for melting the solid state thing of discharge opening department, when realizing the mediation discharge opening, convenient operation just does benefit to energy-conservation.

Drawings

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawings, and may assist in a comprehensive understanding of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a melting device in a melting system according to an embodiment of the invention in a blocked state with solid material;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dredging device according to the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pull through of FIG. 2 in cooperation with the melting apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge passage of the melting apparatus of FIG. 3 with the heat transfer portion of the deoccluding device;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the spike of the pull through of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a spike of a pull through according to a second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a dredging device according to a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another angular configuration of the pull through of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pull through of FIG. 7 in cooperation with the melting apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the spike of the pull through of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a spike of a pull through according to the fourth embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a pull through of the present invention in cooperation with the melting apparatus of FIG. 1.

It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale and are merely illustrative in nature and not intended to obscure the reader.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a melting device; 11. a discharge opening; 12. a discharging structure; 13. melting the body; 14. a melting and heating structure; 121. a discharge passage; 122. a discharge heating structure; 123. a discharge pipe; 20. a dredging device; 21. a dredging member; 211. a heat transfer portion; 212. a spike portion; 2121. cutting edges; 22. a force measuring device; 23. a first driving device; 231. a first motor; 232. a second motor; 24. a second driving device; 251. a first drive lever; 252. a transmission gear; 253. a drive rack; 26. a support member; 27. a second transmission rod; 30. and (4) solid matter.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiment is one embodiment of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

It is to be noted that technical terms or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. If the description "first", "second", etc. is referred to throughout, the description of "first", "second", etc. is used only for distinguishing similar objects, and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance, order or number of technical features indicated, it being understood that the data described in "first", "second", etc. may be interchanged where appropriate. If "and/or" is presented throughout, it is meant to include three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" and including either scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes in which both A and B are satisfied. Furthermore, spatially relative terms, such as "above," "below," "top," "bottom," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's spatial relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures, and should be understood to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

The present application provides a pull through 20 for pulling through the discharge opening 11 of a fusion device 10. Wherein the melting apparatus 10 comprises a discharge structure 12, the discharge structure 12 having a discharge channel 121 communicating with the discharge opening 11 and a discharge heating structure 122 for heating the discharge channel 121. The melting apparatus 10 to which the dredging apparatus of the present invention is applied may be a melting apparatus applied to various fields, but it is necessary to have a structure satisfying the above-described characteristics. For example, the melting apparatus 10 may be a melting apparatus (i.e., a cold crucible) used in a radioactive waste treatment process in the nuclear industry, and the melting apparatus 10 is used for melting materials to be melted, such as a base material formed by radioactive waste (or pretreated) and a glass base material.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a melting system with melting device 10 plugged with solid 30. As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present application, a melting apparatus 10 (e.g., a cold crucible) includes a melting main body 13 (e.g., a cold crucible body) having an accommodating chamber inside the melting main body 13, a wall body of the melting main body 13 made of a metal material and having a cooling passage (not shown in the drawings) inside the wall body, and a melting heating structure 14 including an induction coil wound on an outer side of the melting main body 13. After the material to be treated is placed in the accommodating cavity, the high-frequency induction power supply is used for electrifying the induction coil, current is converted into electromagnetic current through the induction coil, the electromagnetic current penetrates through the wall body of the melting main body 13 and enters the material to be treated, and therefore eddy current is formed inside the material to be treated to generate heat, and the material to be treated is heated.

Since the melting process of the materials to be treated requires more heat, the temperature of the melt itself is also very high (for example, when the melt is a molten glass formed by melting a radioactive waste base material and a glass base material, the temperature can be as high as 2000 ℃ or higher), and in order to prevent the molten main body 13 from being corroded and damaged by high temperature and to prolong the service life of the molten main body, the melting apparatus 10 needs to introduce a cooling medium into the cooling channel during operation, so that the inner wall of the molten main body 13 is kept at a lower temperature (for example, less than 200 ℃). Since the temperature of the inner wall of the melting body 13 (i.e., the inner wall of the receiving cavity) is much lower than the temperature of the melt, the melt clinging to the inner wall of the melting body 13 solidifies to form the solid 30. Generally, the bottom wall and the side walls of the receiving cavity of the melting body 13 are cooled by a cooling medium, and solids 30 are formed at these locations (the solids formed by the side walls are not shown in fig. 1).

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the discharge structure 12 includes a discharge pipe 123 provided at the bottom of the melting body 13, the discharge pipe 123 has an interior forming a discharge passage 121 communicating with the discharge opening 11, the discharge pipe 123 has a cooling passage inside a wall body, and the discharge heating structure 122 also includes an induction coil wound around the outside of the discharge pipe 123. When the melting device 10 is in the melting process and the discharging is not needed, the induction coil outside the discharging pipe 123 is not electrified, and the cooling medium is introduced into the cooling channel of the discharging pipe 123. At this point, the melt also flows into the discharge channel 121 of the discharge pipe 123 to form a solid 30. When the discharging is needed, the induction coil outside the discharging pipe 123 is energized, and the solid 30 in the discharging channel 121 is heated and melted to flow out as a fluid according to the same principle. In the process, the introduction of the cooling medium into the cooling channel of the discharge pipe 123 is stopped, so that the melting effect of the solid material 30 in the discharge channel 121 is ensured.

Generally, after the solid 30 in the discharge channel 121 is melted and discharged, the solid 30 at the position of the discharge opening 11 is gradually melted by the high-temperature melt above the solid 30 at the position of the discharge opening 11 on the bottom wall of the melting body 13 and the air in the discharge channel 121 below, so that the temperature difference is formed between the two sides, and the discharge opening 11 is opened to enter the discharging process. However, in some special cases (for example, when the temperature of the bottom of the melting body 13 is low due to uneven stirring of the materials, excessive materials, and the like), the solid 30 at the position of the discharge opening 11 cannot be melted, thereby causing the blockage of the discharge opening 11. At this time, then, need carry out emergent mediation through dredging device 20 of this application.

The configuration of the melting apparatus 10 is not limited to this, and other melting apparatuses capable of realizing a melting function may be used in other embodiments not shown in the drawings. For example, the melting and heating structure 14 and/or the discharge heating structure 122 of the melting apparatus 10 may be a heating form such as direct heating using resistance wires, and the wall body of the melting body 13 and/or the wall body of the discharge pipe 123 may not have a cooling passage therein. Regardless of the structure of the melting apparatus 10, it is necessary to ensure that the discharge opening 11 and the discharge passage 121 of the melting apparatus 10 are clogged with the solid matter, and that the discharge passage 121 can be heated by the discharge heating structure 122 to melt the solid matter inside.

Example one

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment. Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the deoccluding device 20 of fig. 2 in cooperation with the melting device 10 of fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge passage 121 of the melting apparatus 10 and the heat transfer portion 211 of the block 20 of fig. 3. Figure 5 shows a schematic view of the spike 212 of the deoccluding device 20 of figure 2.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the mediation device 20 of the first embodiment includes a mediation member 21, and the mediation member 21 includes a heat transfer portion 211. Before the melting device 10 discharges, the melt in the receiving chamber of the melting body 13 solidifies to form a solid 30 at the discharge opening 11 and in the discharge channel 121 (see fig. 1 for details). When the melting device 10 needs to discharge, the solid in the discharge channel 121 is heated by the discharge heating structure 122 to be melted and discharged. For some special reasons (for example, the bottom of the melting body 13 is lower in temperature due to uneven stirring of materials, excessive materials, and the like), the solid 30 still exists at the discharge opening 11 after the solid 30 in the discharge channel 121 flows out in a melting manner, and at this time, the dredging member 21 is inserted into the discharge channel 121, and the heat transfer portion 211 is in contact with the inner wall of the discharge channel 121 and the solid 30, respectively. Since the inner wall of the discharge channel 121 is at a higher temperature under the heating action of the discharge heating structure 122, the heat transfer portion 211 of the dredging member 21 is in contact with the inner wall of the discharge channel 121, and the heat transfer portion 211 is also in contact with the solid 30 at the discharge opening 11, so that the heat on the inner wall of the discharge channel 121 is transferred to the solid 30 at the discharge opening 11 to melt the solid 30 at the discharge opening 11, thereby realizing emergency dredging of the discharge opening 11. Through the heat transfer part 211 of the dredging device 20, the residual heat of the inner wall of the discharge channel 121 after the solid object 30 is melted in the inner wall is fully utilized, the partial heat is used for melting the solid object 30 at the discharge opening 11, and the operation is convenient and the energy conservation is facilitated while the discharge opening 11 is dredged.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned "solid object 30 at the discharge opening 11" includes, but is not limited to, the solid object 30 located in the inner space enclosed by the inner wall of the discharge opening 11, and may also include the solid object 30 located above the discharge opening 11 and capable of blocking the discharge opening 11, and/or the solid object 30 located in the discharge passage 121 near the discharge opening 11.

In particular, the pull through 21 is movable along the discharge channel 121 towards the discharge opening 11 during melting of the solid matter 30. That is, the dredging member 21 is moved toward the discharge opening 11 while melting the solid material 30 by the heat transfer portion 211, so that a certain force is applied between the dredging member 21 and the solid material 30, and the force is applied to the solid material 30 to accelerate the melting process of the solid material 30 and to break a part of the solid material 30, thereby facilitating the dredging of the discharge opening 11. In addition, the dredging member 21 can rotate along the axis of the dredging member while moving along the discharge passage 121 toward the discharge opening 11, so that the dredging member 21 has the effect of drilling into the solid 30, and the dredging function of the discharge opening 11 is further enhanced. Of course, the movement of the dredging member 21 in the process of melting the solid substance 30 is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the dredging member 21 and the discharge passage 121 may be always fixed in position, and the solid substance 30 is melted only by the heat transfer function of the heat transfer portion 211 of the dredging member 21, but the dredging efficiency may be reduced; alternatively, the pull through 21 is moved along the discharge channel 121 towards the discharge opening 11, but is not rotated along its axis.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment, the dredging member 21 further includes a spike 212, and the spike 212 is used for puncturing the solid 30 as the dredging member 21 moves along the discharge passage 121 toward the discharge opening 11, thereby further enhancing the dredging effect. Specifically, in the particular embodiment shown in the figures, the pull-through 21 is generally rod-shaped, with the spike 212 at the end of the pull-through 21. Preferably, a part of the heat transfer portion 211 forms the spike portion 212, that is, the spike portion 212 itself may also perform a heat transfer function, and when the spike portion 212 contacts the solid 30, not only a force may be applied to the solid 30 along with the movement of the dredging member 21, but also the solid 30 may be melted by transferring heat. Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in other embodiments not shown in the figures, the spike portion 212 and the heat transfer portion 211 may be independent of each other, the spike portion 212 being used to pierce the solid object 30 and the heat transfer portion 211 being used to melt the solid object 30.

In this embodiment, the pull through 21 is made of a heat conductive material having the properties of strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., such as high temperature resistant stainless steel. The whole of the mediation member 21 is formed as a heat transfer portion 211. Of course, the form of the heat transfer portion 211 is not limited to this, and in another embodiment not shown in the drawings, the heat transfer portion 211 may be formed only by a part of the opening member 21. For example, the mediation member 21 is a rod-like structure divided into two sections, one section is made of a heat conductive material to form the heat transfer portion 211, and the other section is made of a heat insulating material, and this section may form a grip portion, and the mediation member 21 is operated by a manipulator operating the grip portion when the mediation member 21 is conducted, or, even the mediation member 21 may be operated by an operator holding the grip portion in a hand in a state where safety is secured.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, an outer wall of one side of the spike 212 is disposed to be attached to an inner wall of the discharge passage 121. Since the spike part 212 is a part of the heat transfer part 211, the outer wall of one side of the spike part 212 contacts with the inner wall of the discharge channel 121, so that the contact area between the heat transfer part 211 and the inner wall of the discharge channel 121 is increased as much as possible, and the heat transfer effect is improved. In the case where the bar-shaped dredging member 21 integrally forms the heat transfer portion 211, as shown in fig. 3, the outer wall of the dredging member 21 on one side of the portion inside the discharge passage 121 is attached to the inner wall of the discharge passage 121, and the heat transfer effect is good at this time.

In addition, if the dredging member 21 moves toward the discharge opening 11 and rotates along its axis while melting the solid material 30 by the heat transfer portion 211, since the tip (i.e., the pointed end) of the spike portion 212 is offset from the axis of the dredging member 21, the tip of the spike portion 212 contacts different positions of the solid material 30, which are connected in an arc or a circle, along with the movement of the dredging member 21, so that heat is transferred to a plurality of positions of the solid material 30, which is advantageous for melting the solid material 30. Therefore, it can be understood that, in order to achieve the above purpose, the outer wall of one side of the spike 212 may be close to the inner wall of the discharge channel 121 only, so that the top end of the spike 212 can be offset to the axis of the dredging member 21 without fitting the outer wall of the spike 212 to the inner wall of the discharge channel 121.

As shown in fig. 4, in the dredging device 20 according to the first embodiment, the rod portion of the dredging member 21 (i.e., the portion excluding the spike 212) has a circular cross-section, and one side wall of the rod portion of the dredging member 21 is fitted to the inner wall of the discharge passage 121. Of course, the structure of the dredging member 21 is not limited to this, and in other embodiments not shown in the drawings, the rod-shaped portion of the dredging member 21 may have other shapes, for example, the side of the cross section of the rod-shaped portion of the dredging member 21 close to the inner wall of the discharging passage 121 may have an arc shape completely corresponding to the arc shape of the inner wall, so as to increase the heat transfer area as much as possible, and the rest of the cross section of the rod-shaped portion of the dredging member 21 may have any shape such as a rectangular shape, an arc shape, etc., but it is necessary to ensure that a certain gap is formed between the side and the inner wall of the discharging passage 121, so as not to hinder the movement or rotation of the dredging member 21.

As shown in fig. 5, in the dredging device 20 according to the first embodiment, the outer wall of the spike 212 is provided with a plurality of cutting edges 2121, the plurality of cutting edges 2121 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the spike 212, and each cutting edge 2121 extends to the tip end of the spike 212 in the axial direction of the discharge passage 121. Wherein, the cutting edge can be regarded as the linear intersection position of two planes with smaller angles, and through the reasonable design of size, the cutting edge can become comparatively sharp. The plurality of cutting edges 2121 can assist in chopping the solid 30 when the dredging member 21 moves toward the discharge opening 11 or moves toward the discharge opening 11 and rotates along its axis, facilitating the dredging of the discharge opening 11. Of course, the arrangement of the plurality of cutting edges 2121 is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the plurality of cutting edges 2121 may be arranged in other manners.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment, the dredging device 20 further comprises a force measuring device 22, and the force measuring device 22 is used for measuring the force state of the dredging member 21 in real time so as to judge the melting degree of the solid object 30 dredged by the dredging member 21 according to the force state, thereby making the dredging process of the dredging member 21 more intuitive and facilitating the control of the dredging device 20. Wherein, the stress measuring device 22 is used for measuring one or more of axial force, bending moment and torque of the dredging part 21 in real time. Taking the example that the stress measuring device 22 measures the torque of the dredging part 21 in real time, the stress measuring device 22 is a torque sensor which is matched with the dredging part 21 and is used for measuring the torque of the dredging part 21 in real time. When the sharp part 212 of the dredging member 21 is pressed against the solid 30 at the discharge opening 11, the torque is larger, the solid 30 is gradually melted along with the movement of the dredging member 21, the torque is gradually reduced, if the torque suddenly becomes zero, the solid 30 is indicated to be completely pierced, and the dredging member 21 can be controlled to be retracted. Of course, the type of the force measuring device 22 and the type of the force used for measuring are not limited to these, and may be any force type capable of reflecting the dredging process of the solid object 30, such as axial force, bending moment, etc., and the type of the force measuring device 22 needs to be adjusted according to the measured force type.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment, the dredging device 20 further comprises a first driving device 23, and the first driving device 23 is used for driving the dredging member 21 to move along the axial direction of the discharging channel 121 and/or rotate along the axis thereof. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first driving device 23 includes a first motor 231 and a second motor 232. The second motor 232 is arranged at the end of the dredging member 21 far away from the sharp thorn part 212, and the rotating shaft of the second motor 232 extends along the axial direction of the dredging member 21 and is connected with the dredging member 21 in a driving way. The pull-through 21 can be driven to rotate along its axis by the second motor 232. In this case, if the second motor 232 is a servo motor, the torque of the dredging member 21 can be directly sensed by the servo motor. The first motor 231 drives the dredging member 21 to move (i.e. lift up and down) along the axial direction of the discharging channel 121 through a transmission structure.

The transmission structure may include a first transmission rod 251, a transmission gear 252 and a transmission rack 253, a rotation shaft of the first motor 231 extends along a direction perpendicular to an axis of the dredging member 21, one end of the first transmission rod 251 is connected with the rotation shaft of the first motor 231 in a driving manner, the other end of the first transmission rod 251 is connected with the transmission gear 252 in a driving manner, the transmission gear 252 is engaged with the transmission rack 253, and the transmission rack 253 is connected with the dredging member 21 in a driving manner. The transmission gear 252 is driven to rotate by the first motor 231, and the rotation of the transmission gear 252 is converted into the up-and-down movement of the transmission rack 253, so that the dredging part 21 is driven to move up and down.

It should be noted that the specific form of the transmission structure is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the transmission structure may be another transmission structure capable of converting rotation into movement, such as a nut screw. Further, the specific structure of the first driving device 23 is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, it may be designed appropriately according to the mode of the movement required of the dredge 21.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment, the dredging device 20 further comprises a second driving device 24, and the second driving device 24 is used for driving the dredging member 21 to switch between the dredging station which can be inserted into the discharging channel 121 and the idle station which avoids the discharging channel 121. In particular, in the embodiment shown in the figures, the first motor 231, the pull through 21, the transmission structure, etc. are fixed to the support 26, and the second driving means 24 comprise a third motor, the rotation shaft of which extends in the direction of the axis of the pull through 21, the rotation shaft of which is drivingly connected to one end of a second transmission rod 27, and the other end of the second transmission rod 27 is drivingly connected to the support 26. The support 26 is driven by a third motor to oscillate through a range of angles to drive the unblocking member 21 to switch between an idle station located to the side of the melting apparatus 10 and an unblocking station located below the discharge channel 121. When the dredging part 21 moves to the dredging station, the first driving device 23 drives the dredging part to move up and down, and finally the dredging part enters the discharging channel 121 to dredge.

Of course, the movement of the second driving device 24 to drive the dredging member 21 is not limited to swing, and in other embodiments, the dredging member 21 may be driven to move along a preset track, and the specific shape of the preset track needs to be designed reasonably according to the idle station, the position of the dredging station and the distribution of other devices or structures around the melting device 10, so that the dredging member 21 does not touch or interfere with other devices or structures during the movement. Further, the specific structure of the second driving device 24 is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, it may be designed appropriately according to the mode of the movement of the dredge 21.

Example two

Fig. 6 shows a structural schematic view of the spike 212 of the pull through 20 of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the dredging device 20 of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that each cutting edge 2121 of the spike 212 of the dredging device 20 is spirally arranged and extends to the top end of the spike 212. When the dredging member 21 moves toward the discharge opening 11 or moves toward the discharge opening 11 and rotates along its axis, the plurality of cutting edges 2121 can assist in chopping the solid objects 30, which is favorable for dredging the discharge opening 11, and particularly under the condition that the dredging member 21 can rotate along its axis, the rotating direction is consistent with the spiral arrangement direction of the cutting edges 2121, and the cutting edges 2121 can more favorably chop the solid objects 30. Other structures and working principles of the dredging device 20 of the second embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the dredging device 20 of the third embodiment. Figure 8 shows a further angular construction of the pull through 20 of figure 7. Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of the deoccluding device 20 of fig. 7 in cooperation with the melting device 10 of fig. 1. Figure 10 shows a schematic view of the spike 212 of the deoccluding device 20 of figure 7.

As shown in fig. 7 to 10, the dredging device 20 of the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the top end (i.e., the tip end) of the spike 212 is located on the axis of the dredging member 21, so that the force of the spike 212 contacting the solid 30 at the discharge opening 11 can be more uniform. If the dredging member 21 can rotate along the axis thereof, the spike 212 is equivalent to a drill bit, and can more efficiently drill into the solid 30, which is beneficial to dredging the solid 30. Other structures and working principles of the dredging device 20 of the third embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

Example four

Fig. 11 shows a structural schematic view of the spike 212 of the pull through 20 according to the fourth embodiment. The dredging device 20 of the fourth embodiment is different from the dredging device of the third embodiment mainly in that each cutting edge 2121 on the spike 212 of the dredging device 20 is spirally arranged and extends to the top end of the spike 212. When the dredging member 21 moves toward the discharge opening 11 or moves toward the discharge opening 11 and rotates along its axis, the plurality of cutting edges 2121 can assist in chopping the solid objects 30, which is favorable for dredging the discharge opening 11, and particularly under the condition that the dredging member 21 can rotate along its axis, the rotating direction is consistent with the spiral arrangement direction of the cutting edges 2121, and the cutting edges 2121 can more favorably chop the solid objects 30. The other structures and working principles of the dredging device 20 of the fourth embodiment are basically the same as those of the third embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

EXAMPLE five

Fig. 12 shows a schematic view of the fifth embodiment of a pull through 20 cooperating with the melting apparatus 10 of fig. 1. The pull through 20 of the fifth embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in that the dimension of at least part of the heat transfer portion 211 of the pull through 21 in the radial direction of the discharge channel 121 is adapted to the radial dimension of the discharge channel 121. That is, the circumferential side wall of at least part of the heat transfer portion 211 can be completely attached to the inner wall of the discharge passage 121, thereby maximizing the heat transfer area. It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the movement or rotation of the pull through 21 relative to the inner wall of the discharge channel 121, the portion of the circumferential side wall of the heat transfer portion 211 that completely abuts the inner wall of the discharge channel 121 cannot be made excessively large, or the friction between the pull through 21 and the discharge channel 121 may be increased. The other structures and working principles of the dredging device 20 of the fifth embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

The present application also provides a melting system, an embodiment of which according to the present application comprises a melting device 10 and a pull through 20 for pulling through a discharge opening 11 of the melting device 10, the pull through 20 being the pull through 20 of the above-described embodiment.

The application also provides a radioactive waste treatment system, and the embodiment of the radioactive waste treatment system comprises a calcining device and a melting system, wherein the melting system is the melting system. Wherein, the radioactive wastes enter a calcining device for calcining and transforming, the obtained materials and the glass base materials enter a melting device of a melting system together for melting to form molten glass, and the molten glass is discharged from a discharge valve of the melting system. In a specific application scenario for radioactive waste treatment, the calciner is a rotary calciner and the melting device is a cold crucible. The rotary calcining furnace comprises a support, a furnace tube, a heating component, a feeding tube and a discharging tube, wherein the furnace tube is rotatably arranged on the support, the heating component is used for heating the furnace tube, the feeding tube is communicated with the first end of the furnace tube, the discharging tube is communicated with the second end of the furnace tube, and the furnace tube can rotate along the axis of the furnace tube. Radioactive waste liquid and other additives enter into the boiler tube through the inlet pipe, heat the boiler tube through the heating part, and the boiler tube rotates along self axis simultaneously, and radioactive waste liquid is calcined gradually and is changeed to solid powdery material to carry out the ejection of compact via the discharging pipe. The discharge pipe is communicated with the crucible body of the cold crucible, and the material mixed glass base material discharged from the discharge pipe enters the crucible body of the cold crucible together for subsequent melting and solidification processes. After the material was placed at the internal back of cold crucible pot, opened the high frequency induction power to induction coil circular telegram, it is inside that the wall body that becomes electromagnetic current and sees through the cold crucible pot body gets into the pending material with current conversion through induction coil to at the inside vortex production heat that forms of pending material, and then realize the heating of pending material.

It should also be noted that, in the case of the embodiments of the present invention, features of the embodiments and examples may be combined with each other to obtain a new embodiment without conflict.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present invention is subject to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Dredging arrangement, characterized by a discharge opening (11) for a melting device (10), which melting device (10) comprises a discharge structure (12), which discharge structure (12) has a discharge channel (121) communicating with the discharge opening (11) and a discharge heating structure (122) for heating the discharge channel (121), which dredging arrangement comprises:

the dredging piece (21) comprises a heat transfer part (211), solid matters are formed at the discharge opening (11) and in the discharge channel (121) before the melting device (10) discharges materials, when the melting device (10) needs to discharge materials, the solid matters in the discharge channel (121) are heated by the discharge heating structure (122) to be melted, and then if the solid matters still exist at the discharge opening (11), the dredging piece (21) is inserted into the discharge channel (121), and the heat transfer part (211) is respectively contacted with the inner wall of the discharge channel (121) and the solid matters, so that heat on the inner wall of the discharge channel (121) is transferred to the solid matters to be melted.

2. Dredging device according to claim 1,

the pull-through (21) is movable along the discharge channel (121) towards the discharge opening (11) during melting of the solid.

3. Dredging device according to claim 2,

the pull-through member (21) is rotatable along its axis while moving along the discharge channel (121) towards the discharge opening (11).

4. Dredging device according to claim 2 or 3,

the pull through (21) further comprises a spike (212), the spike (212) being adapted to pierce the solid matter as the pull through (21) is moved along the discharge channel (121) towards the discharge opening (11).

5. Dredging device according to claim 4,

a part of the heat transfer portion (211) forms the spine portion (212).

6. Dredging device according to claim 5,

the outer wall of one side of the spike part (212) is close to or attached to the inner wall of the discharge channel (121).

7. Dredging device according to claim 4,

the outer wall of the spine part (212) is provided with a plurality of cutting edges (2121), the cutting edges (2121) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the spine part (212), each cutting edge (2121) extends to the top end of the spine part (212) along the axial direction of the discharge channel (121), and/or each cutting edge (2121) is spirally arranged and extends to the top end of the spine part (212).

8. Dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the dimension of at least part of the heat transfer portion (211) in the radial direction of the discharge channel (121) is adapted to the radial dimension of the discharge channel (121).

9. Dredging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the pull-through (21) is made of a heat conductive material so that the pull-through (21) integrally forms the heat transfer part (211).

10. The pull through of claim 2 further comprising:

and the stress measuring device (22) is used for measuring the stress state of the dredging piece (21) in real time so as to judge the melting degree of the solid object dredged by the dredging piece (21) according to the stress state.

11. Dredging device according to claim 10,

the stress measuring device (22) is used for measuring one or more of axial force, bending moment and torque of the dredging piece (21) in real time.

12. A pull through of any one of claims 1, 10 and 11 further comprising:

a first driving device (23) for driving the dredging piece (21) to move along the axial direction of the discharging channel (121) and/or rotate along the axis thereof.

13. The pull through of claim 1 further comprising:

and the second driving device (24) is used for driving the dredging piece (21) to switch between a dredging station which can be inserted into the discharging channel (121) and an idle station which avoids the discharging channel (121).

14. Dredging device according to claim 13,

the second driving device (24) drives the dredging piece (21) to swing and/or move.

15. A melting system, comprising a melting apparatus (10) and a pull through (20) for pulling through a discharge opening (11) of the melting apparatus (10), the pull through (20) being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.