CN113446851A

CN113446851A - Dredging device and melting system

Info

Publication number: CN113446851A
Application number: CN202110684282.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李玉松; 朱冬冬; 鲜亮
Original assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Current assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Priority date: 2021-06-21
Filing date: 2021-06-21
Publication date: 2021-09-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a dredging device and a melting system, wherein the dredging device is used for dredging a discharge opening of the melting device, and comprises: the dredging part comprises a heating part, a first electric connection part and a second electric connection part which are connected with the heating part and are separated from each other, the first electric connection part and the second electric connection part are used for being electrically connected with a power supply so that the heating part is electrified to generate heat, when solid matters exist at the discharging opening, the dredging part is contacted with the solid matters, the heat of the heating part is transferred to the solid matters so as to be melted, and then the emergency dredging of the discharging opening is realized; the dredging part can move in the direction towards the inner side of the discharge opening in the process; the stress measuring device is used for measuring the stress state of the dredging piece in real time, and judging the melting degree of the solid object dredged by the dredging piece according to the stress state, so that the dredging process of the dredging piece is more visual, and the dredging device is convenient to control.

Description

Dredging device and melting system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of melting devices, in particular to a dredging device and a melting system.

Background

At present, in the nuclear industry field, the cold crucible glass solidification technology has the advantages of high treatment temperature, wide types of treatable wastes, long service life of a smelting furnace, easy retirement and the like, and becomes a more advanced technological means for radioactive waste treatment domestically and internationally. Due to the limited volume of the body of the cold crucible, when radioactive waste (i.e. radioactive waste liquid) mainly existing in a liquid state is treated, the radioactive waste liquid can be pretreated in advance by being provided with a calcining furnace (such as a rotary calcining furnace), the radioactive waste liquid is calcined and converted into a solid powder, and then the solid powder is introduced into the cold crucible for subsequent melting and solidification, and the method is called a two-step cold crucible glass solidification technology.

The main equipment of the two-step cold crucible glass solidification technology comprises a calcining furnace and a cold crucible. The cold crucible is used for generating high-frequency (105-106 Hz) current by using a power supply, and then the high-frequency current is converted into electromagnetic current by an induction coil to penetrate into a material to be treated, so that eddy current is formed to generate heat, and the material to be treated is directly heated and melted. The cold crucible mainly comprises a cold crucible body and a melting heating structure, wherein the cold crucible body is a container (the shape of the container is mainly circular or oval) formed by a metal arc-shaped block or a pipe which is communicated with cooling water, and the melting heating structure comprises an induction coil which is wound on the outer side of the cold crucible body and a high-frequency induction power supply which is electrically connected with the induction coil. After the material to be treated is placed in the cold crucible body, open the high frequency induction power and energize to induction coil, convert the electric current into electromagnetic current through induction coil and see through the wall body of the cold crucible body and get into inside the material to be treated to at the inside vortex production heat that forms of material to be treated, and then realize the heating of material to be treated. When the cold crucible works, cooling water is continuously introduced into the metal arc-shaped block or the pipe, the temperature of a melt in the body of the cold crucible is very high and can generally reach more than 2000 ℃, but the wall body of the cold crucible still keeps a lower temperature which is generally less than 200 ℃, so that a layer of solid (cold wall) with the thickness of 2-3 cm is formed in a low-temperature region of the melt close to the wall body of the cold crucible, and the cold crucible is called as a cold crucible.

The cold crucible is heated to melt the materials, and then the materials need to be discharged through a discharge opening and/or a discharge channel. However, the discharge opening and/or the discharge channel of the known cold crucible may be blocked by solid matter formed by local solidification of the molten material, which would seriously impair the discharge operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention has been developed to provide a pull through and a melting system that overcome, or at least partially address, the above-mentioned problems.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a pull through for pulling through a discharge opening of a fusion apparatus, the pull through comprising: the dredging part comprises a heating part, a first electric connection part and a second electric connection part which are connected with the heating part and are separated from each other, the first electric connection part and the second electric connection part are used for being electrically connected with a power supply so that the heating part generates heat when being electrified, when solid exists at the discharging opening, the dredging part is contacted with the solid, the heat of the heating part is transferred to the solid so that the solid is melted, and the dredging part can move in the direction towards the inner side of the discharging opening in the process; and the stress measuring device is used for measuring the stress state of the dredging part in real time so as to judge the melting degree of the solid object dredged by the dredging part according to the stress state.

Furthermore, the dredging component also comprises a shell, the heating part is positioned in the shell, and the shell comprises a heat transfer part which is respectively contacted with the heating part and the solid object so as to transfer the heat of the heating part to the solid object.

Furthermore, the dredging part also comprises a heat insulation structure which is used for reducing the heat dissipation of other parts of the heating part except the part which is contacted with the heat transfer part.

Furthermore, the heat preservation structure wraps the outer side of at least part of the shell, and the heat transfer part is exposed out of the heat preservation structure.

Furthermore, the heat preservation structure is positioned in the shell and wrapped outside at least part of the heating part, and the part of the heating part, which is in contact with the heat transfer part, is exposed out of the heat preservation structure.

Further, the casing still includes heat preservation shell portion, and heat preservation shell portion parcel is in the outside of at least partial heating portion, and insulation construction includes heat preservation shell portion.

Further, the dredging member is rotatable along its axis while being moved in a direction toward the inside of the discharge opening.

Further, the pull through further comprises a spike for piercing the solid matter as the pull through moves in a direction towards the inside of the discharge opening.

Furthermore, the dredging component also comprises a shell, the heating part is positioned in the shell, the shell comprises a heat transfer part which is in contact with the heating part, and a part of the heat transfer part forms a spine part.

Further, the outer wall of spine portion is equipped with a plurality of blades, and a plurality of blades set up along the circumference interval of spine portion, and every blade extends to the top of spine portion along the axial direction of spine portion, and/or, every blade is the heliciform and arranges and extend to the top of spine portion.

Further, the stress measuring device is used for measuring one or more of axial force, bending moment and torque of the dredging part in real time.

Further, the pull throughs also include: the first driving device is used for driving the dredging piece to move in the direction towards the inner side of the discharge opening and/or rotate along the axis of the dredging piece.

Further, the pull throughs also include: and the second driving device is used for driving the dredging piece to switch between a dredging station which can be in contact with the solid at the discharge opening and an idle station which avoids the discharge opening.

Further, the second driving device drives the dredging piece to swing and/or move.

According to another aspect of the invention there is also provided a fusion system comprising a fusion apparatus and a pull through for pulling through a discharge opening of the fusion apparatus, the pull through being as described above.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, when solid matters exist at the discharge port, the dredging part is contacted with the solid matters, and heat emitted by the electrified heating part is transferred to the solid matters to melt the solid matters, so that the emergency dredging of the discharge port is realized. The dredging member can be moved in the direction towards the inner side of the discharge opening during this process, so that a certain force can exist between the dredging member and the solid, and the force applied on the solid can accelerate the process of melting the solid on the one hand, and can break a part of the solid on the other hand by means of the force, thereby facilitating the dredging of the discharge opening. The stress measuring device is used for measuring the stress state of the dredging piece in real time, so that the melting degree of the solid object dredged by the dredging piece is judged according to the stress state, the dredging process of the dredging piece is more visual, and the dredging device is convenient to control.

Drawings

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawings, and may assist in a comprehensive understanding of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dredging device according to the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the pull through of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spike of the pull through of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a spike of a pull through according to a second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a pull through according to a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the pull through of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a pull through according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a melting device in a melting system according to an embodiment of the invention in a blocked state with solid material;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pull through of FIG. 1 in cooperation with the melting apparatus of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the pull through of FIG. 1 in cooperation with another melting apparatus.

It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale and are merely illustrative in nature and not intended to obscure the reader.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a melting device; 11. a discharge opening; 12. a discharging structure; 13. melting the body; 14. a melting and heating structure; 121. a discharge passage; 122. a discharge heating structure; 123. a discharge pipe; 151. a discharge bottom plate; 152. a discharge gate plate; 20. a dredging device; 21. a dredging member; 211. a heat generating portion; 212. a first electrical connection portion; 213. a second electrical connection portion; 214. a housing; 2141. a heat transfer portion; 2142. a heat preservation shell part; 215. a heat preservation structure; 216. a spike portion; 2161. cutting edges; 217. a base; 22. a force measuring device; 23. a first driving device; 231. a first motor; 232. a second motor; 24. a second driving device; 251. a first drive lever; 252. a transmission gear; 253. a drive rack; 26. a support member; 27. a second transmission rod; 30. and (4) solid matter.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiment is one embodiment of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

It is to be noted that technical terms or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. If the description "first", "second", etc. is referred to throughout, the description of "first", "second", etc. is used only for distinguishing similar objects, and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance, order or number of technical features indicated, it being understood that the data described in "first", "second", etc. may be interchanged where appropriate. If "and/or" is presented throughout, it is meant to include three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" and including either scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes in which both A and B are satisfied. Furthermore, spatially relative terms, such as "above," "below," "top," "bottom," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's spatial relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures, and should be understood to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

The present application provides a pull through 20 for pulling through the discharge opening 11 of a fusion device 10. The melting apparatus 10 to which the dredging apparatus of the present invention is applied may be a melting apparatus applied to various fields, for example, the melting apparatus 10 may be a melting apparatus (i.e., a cold crucible) used in a radioactive waste treatment process in a nuclear industry field, and the melting apparatus 10 is used to melt materials to be melted, such as a base material formed by radioactive waste (or pretreated) and a glass base material.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a melting system with melting device 10 plugged with solid 30. As shown in fig. 8, in some embodiments of the present application, a melting apparatus 10 (e.g., a cold crucible) includes a melting main body 13 (e.g., a cold crucible body) having an accommodating chamber inside the melting main body 13, a wall body of the melting main body 13 made of a metal material and having a cooling passage (not shown in the drawings) inside the wall body, and a melting heating structure 14 including an induction coil wound on an outer side of the melting main body 13. After the material to be treated is placed in the accommodating cavity, the high-frequency induction power supply is used for electrifying the induction coil, current is converted into electromagnetic current through the induction coil, the electromagnetic current penetrates through the wall body of the melting main body 13 and enters the material to be treated, and therefore eddy current is formed inside the material to be treated to generate heat, and the material to be treated is heated.

Since the melting process of the materials to be treated requires more heat, the temperature of the melt itself is also very high (for example, when the melt is a molten glass formed by melting a radioactive waste base material and a glass base material, the temperature can be as high as 2000 ℃ or higher), and in order to prevent the molten main body 13 from being corroded and damaged by high temperature and to prolong the service life of the molten main body, the melting apparatus 10 needs to introduce a cooling medium into the cooling channel during operation, so that the inner wall of the molten main body 13 is kept at a lower temperature (for example, less than 200 ℃). Since the temperature of the inner wall of the melting body 13 (i.e., the inner wall of the receiving cavity) is much lower than the temperature of the melt, the melt clinging to the inner wall of the melting body 13 solidifies to form the solid 30. Generally, the bottom wall and the side walls of the receiving cavity of the melting body 13 are cooled by a cooling medium, and solids 30 are formed at these locations (the solids formed by the side walls are not shown in fig. 8).

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the melting apparatus 10 includes a discharge structure 12, the discharge structure 12 having a discharge passage 121 communicating with the discharge opening 11 and a discharge heating structure 122 for heating the discharge passage 121. The discharging structure 12 further includes a discharging pipe 123 provided at the bottom of the melting body 13, a discharging passage 121 communicating with the discharging port 11 is formed inside the discharging pipe 123, a cooling passage is also provided inside a wall body of the discharging pipe 123, and the discharging heating structure 122 also includes an induction coil wound around the outside of the discharging pipe 123. When the melting device 10 is in the melting process and the discharging is not needed, the induction coil outside the discharging pipe 123 is not electrified, and the cooling medium is introduced into the cooling channel of the discharging pipe 123. At this point, the melt also flows into the discharge channel 121 of the discharge pipe 123 to form a solid 30. When the discharging is needed, the induction coil outside the discharging pipe 123 is energized, and the solid 30 in the discharging channel 121 is heated and melted to flow out as a fluid according to the same principle. In the process, the introduction of the cooling medium into the cooling channel of the discharge pipe 123 is stopped, so that the melting effect of the solid material 30 in the discharge channel 121 is ensured.

Generally, after the solid 30 in the discharge channel 121 is melted and discharged, the solid 30 at the position of the discharge opening 11 is gradually melted by the high-temperature melt above the solid 30 at the position of the discharge opening 11 on the bottom wall of the melting body 13 and the air in the discharge channel 121 below, so that the temperature difference is formed between the two sides, and the discharge opening 11 is opened to enter the discharging process. However, in some special cases (for example, when the temperature of the bottom of the melting body 13 is low due to uneven stirring of the materials, excessive materials, and the like), the solid 30 at the position of the discharge opening 11 cannot be melted, thereby causing the blockage of the discharge opening 11. At this time, then, need carry out emergent mediation through dredging device 20 of this application.

The melting and heating structure 14 and/or the discharge heating structure 122 of the melting apparatus 10 may be a heating system such as direct resistance wire heating, and the wall of the melting body 13 and/or the wall of the discharge pipe 123 may not have a cooling passage. Regardless of the structure of the melting apparatus 10, it is necessary to ensure that the discharge opening 11 and the discharge passage 121 of the melting apparatus 10 are clogged with the solid matter, and that the discharge passage 121 can be heated by the discharge heating structure 122 to melt the solid matter inside.

The configuration of the melting apparatus 10 is not limited to this, and other melting apparatuses capable of realizing a melting function may be used in other embodiments not shown in the drawings. For example, the melting apparatus 10 may not be provided with the above-mentioned discharge structure 12, as shown in fig. 10, a discharge bottom plate 151 is provided at the bottom of the melting body 13, the discharge bottom plate 151 has a notch communicating with the discharge opening 11 or the discharge bottom plate 151 directly forms the bottom wall of the melting body 13, the notch thereon forms the discharge opening 11, a drawable discharge gate plate 152 is provided below the discharge bottom plate 151, and the discharge gate plate 152 may be used for blocking the discharge opening 11 and the notch or avoiding the discharge opening 11 and the notch. In this case, the solid material 30 at the discharge opening 11 and the notch position may not be melted off due to the above-mentioned special condition (for example, when the temperature of the bottom of the melting body 13 is low due to uneven stirring of the material, excessive material, and the like), and the discharge opening 11 may be clogged. With such a melting device 10, emergency opening can likewise be carried out by the opening device 20 according to the present application.

Example one

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a dredging device 20 in the first embodiment. Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the pull-through 21 of the pull-through 20 of fig. 1. Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the spike 216 of the deoccluding device 20 of figure 1. Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of the deoccluding device 20 of fig. 1 in cooperation with the melting device 10 of fig. 8. FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of the deoccluding device 20 of FIG. 1 in cooperation with another melting device 10 different from the melting device 10 of FIG. 8.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 9 and 10, the pull through 20 of the first embodiment comprises a pull through 21. The dredging member 21 comprises a heat generating portion 211 and a first electrical connection portion 212 and a second electrical connection portion 213 which are connected with and separated from the heat generating portion 211, and the first electrical connection portion 212 and the second electrical connection portion 213 are used for being electrically connected with a power supply so as to electrify and generate heat of the heat generating portion 211. The power supply is electrically connected with the first electrical connection part 212 and the second electrical connection part 213 through wires, and the power supply can be the power supply of the dredging device 20 itself or an external power supply.

When the solid 30 is present at the discharge opening 11, the dredging member 21 is contacted with the solid 30, and the heat of the heat generating portion 211 is transferred to the solid 30 to melt the solid, thereby realizing the emergency dredging of the discharge opening 11. The dredging member 21 is movable in the direction towards the inner side of the discharge opening 11 during this process, so that a force is present between the dredging member 21 and the solid 30, which force acts on the solid 30 to accelerate the melting process of the solid 30 and to break up a part of the solid 30, thereby facilitating the dredging of the discharge opening 11. In addition, the dredging member 21 can rotate along its axis while moving in the direction toward the inner side of the discharge opening 11, so that the dredging member 21 has the effect of drilling into the solid 30, and the dredging function of the discharge opening 11 is further enhanced. Of course, the operation mode of the dredging member 21 in the process of melting the solid material 30 is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the dredging member 21 and the discharge opening 11 may be always fixed in position, and the solid material 30 is melted only by the heat of the heat generating portion 211, but the dredging efficiency may be reduced; alternatively, the pull through 21 is moved in a direction toward the inside of the discharge opening 11, but is not rotated along its axis.

As shown in fig. 1, 9 and 10, the dredging device 20 further comprises a stress measuring device 22, and the stress measuring device 22 is used for measuring the stress state of the dredging member 21 in real time so as to judge the melting degree of the solid object 30 dredged by the dredging member 21 according to the stress state, thereby enabling the dredging process of the dredging member 21 to be more intuitive and facilitating the control of the dredging device 20. Wherein, the stress measuring device 22 is used for measuring one or more of axial force, bending moment and torque of the dredging part 21 in real time. Taking the example that the stress measuring device 22 measures the torque of the dredging part 21 in real time, the stress measuring device 22 is a torque sensor which is matched with the dredging part 21 and is used for measuring the torque of the dredging part 21 in real time. When the dredging member 21 is pressed against the solid 30 at the discharge opening 11, the torque is larger, the solid 30 is gradually melted along with the movement of the dredging member 21, the torque is gradually reduced, if the torque suddenly becomes zero, the solid 30 is indicated to be completely pierced, and the dredging member 21 can be controlled to be retracted. Of course, the type of the force measuring device 22 and the type of the force used for measuring are not limited to these, and may be any force type capable of reflecting the dredging process of the solid object 30, such as axial force, bending moment, etc., and the type of the force measuring device 22 needs to be adjusted according to the measured force type.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the dredge 20 of the first embodiment, the dredge 21 further includes a housing 214. The heat generating portion 211 is located within the housing 214. The housing 214 includes a heat transfer portion 2141, and the heat transfer portion 2141 is in contact with the heat generating portion 211 and the solid object 30, respectively, to transfer heat of the heat generating portion 211 to the solid object 30. The housing 214 can enclose the heat generating portion 211 therein, thereby protecting the heat generating portion 211 to a certain extent. The housing 214 is made of a material having strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., wherein the heat transfer portion 2141 is made of a material capable of conducting heat, such as high temperature resistant stainless steel, as a part of the housing 214. In the present embodiment, the heat generating portion 211 is a heat generating rod, one end of which is in contact with the heat transfer portion 2141, and the other end of which is supported by the base 217 in the housing 214. The heat generating portion 211 is made of a material capable of generating heat by electric current, such as silicon carbon material, silicon molybdenum material, etc.

Of course, in another embodiment not shown in the drawings, the heat generating portion 211 may be directly in contact with the solid object 30 without providing the housing 214, but in this case, the heat generating portion 211 needs to be made of a material that has satisfactory strength, is resistant to high temperature and corrosion, and can generate heat by conduction.

Preferably, the dredging member 21 further includes a heat insulation structure for reducing heat dissipation of the heat generating portion 211 at other portions than the portion contacting with the heat transfer portion 2141, so that the heat generated by the heat generating portion 211 can be intensively transferred to the solid 30 through the heat transfer portion 2141, thereby facilitating melting of the solid 30.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the housing 214 further includes an insulating housing portion 2142, the insulating housing portion 2142 wraps at least a portion of the heat generating portion 211, and the insulating structure includes the insulating housing portion 2142. The insulating shell portion 2142 should be made of a material having heat insulating properties, strength meeting requirements, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and the insulating shell portion 2142 and the heat transfer portion 2141 can be connected or fabricated as an integral structure. Of course, the specific form of the heat insulating structure is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the heat insulating structure may be another form capable of reducing heat dissipation from the heat generating portion 211 in a portion other than the portion in contact with the heat transfer portion 2141.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, 9 and 10, in the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment, the dredging member 21 further includes a spike 216, and the spike 216 is used to pierce the solid 30 as the dredging member 21 moves in a direction toward the inside of the discharge opening 11, thereby further enhancing the dredging effect. Specifically, in the particular embodiment shown in the figures, the pull-through 21 is generally rod-shaped with the spike 216 at the end of the pull-through 21. Preferably, the heat transfer portion 2141 is located at the end of the whole housing 214, and a part of the heat transfer portion 2141 forms the spike portion 216, that is, the spike portion 216 itself may also perform a heat transfer function, and when the spike portion 216 contacts the solid 30, not only a force may be applied to the solid 30 along with the movement of the dredging member 21, but also the solid 30 may be melted by transferring heat. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that in other embodiments not shown in the figures, the spike portion 216 and the heat transfer portion 2141 may be independent from each other, the spike portion 216 is used for piercing the solid object 30, and the heat transfer portion 2141 is used for melting the solid object 30.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the outer wall of the spike portion 216 is provided with a plurality of cutting edges 2161, the plurality of cutting edges 2161 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the spike portion 216, and each cutting edge 2161 extends to the tip of the spike portion 216 along the axial direction of the spike portion 216. Wherein, the cutting edge can be regarded as the linear intersection position of two planes with smaller angles, and through the reasonable design of size, the cutting edge can become comparatively sharp. The plurality of cutting edges 2161 can assist in chopping the solids 30 when the dredging member 21 moves toward the discharge opening 11 or moves toward the discharge opening 11 and rotates along its axis, facilitating the dredging of the discharge opening 11. Of course, the arrangement of the plurality of cutting edges 2161 is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the plurality of cutting edges 2161 may be arranged in other manners.

As shown in fig. 1, 9 and 10, in the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment, the dredging device 20 further comprises a first driving device 23, and the first driving device 23 is used for driving the dredging member 21 to move in the direction towards the inner side of the discharging opening 11 and/or rotate along the axis. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first driving device 23 includes a first motor 231 and a second motor 232. The second motor 232 is arranged at the end of the dredging member 21 far away from the sharp thorn part 216, and the rotating shaft of the second motor 232 extends along the axial direction of the dredging member 21 and is in driving connection with the dredging member 21. The pull-through 21 can be driven to rotate along its axis by the second motor 232. In this case, if the second motor 232 is a servo motor, the torque of the dredging member 21 can be directly sensed by the servo motor. The first motor 231 drives the dredging member 21 through the transmission structure to move (i.e., ascend and descend) in a direction toward the inner side of the discharge opening 11.

The transmission structure may include a first transmission rod 251, a transmission gear 252 and a transmission rack 253, a rotation shaft of the first motor 231 extends along a direction perpendicular to an axis of the dredging member 21, one end of the first transmission rod 251 is connected with the rotation shaft of the first motor 231 in a driving manner, the other end of the first transmission rod 251 is connected with the transmission gear 252 in a driving manner, the transmission gear 252 is engaged with the transmission rack 253, and the transmission rack 253 is connected with the dredging member 21 in a driving manner. The transmission gear 252 is driven to rotate by the first motor 231, and the rotation of the transmission gear 252 is converted into the up-and-down movement of the transmission rack 253, so that the dredging part 21 is driven to move up and down.

It should be noted that the specific form of the transmission structure is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the transmission structure may be another transmission structure capable of converting rotation into movement, such as a nut screw. Further, the specific structure of the first driving device 23 is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, it may be designed appropriately according to the mode of the movement required of the dredge 21.

As shown in fig. 1, 9 and 10, in the dredging device 20 of the first embodiment, the dredging device 20 further comprises a second driving device 24, and the second driving device 24 is used for driving the dredging member 21 to switch between a dredging station capable of contacting with the solid object 30 at the discharge opening 11 and an idle station avoiding the discharge opening 11. In particular, in the embodiment shown in the figures, the first motor 231, the pull through 21, the transmission structure, etc. are fixed to the support 26, and the second driving means 24 comprise a third motor, the rotation shaft of which extends in the direction of the axis of the pull through 21, the rotation shaft of which is drivingly connected to one end of a second transmission rod 27, and the other end of the second transmission rod 27 is drivingly connected to the support 26. The support 26 is driven by a third motor to oscillate through a range of angles to drive the unblocking member 21 to switch between an idle station located to the side of the melting apparatus 10 and an unblocking station located below the discharge opening 11. When the dredging part 21 moves to the dredging station, the first driving device 23 drives the dredging part to move up and down, and finally dredging operation is realized.

Of course, the movement of the second driving device 24 to drive the dredging member 21 is not limited to swing, and in other embodiments, the dredging member 21 may be driven to move along a preset track, and the specific shape of the preset track needs to be designed reasonably according to the idle station, the position of the dredging station and the distribution of other devices or structures around the melting device 10, so that the dredging member 21 does not touch or interfere with other devices or structures during the movement. Further, the specific structure of the second driving device 24 is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, it may be designed appropriately according to the mode of the movement of the dredge 21.

Example two

Fig. 4 shows a structural schematic view of the spike 216 of the pull through 20 of the second embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the dredging device 20 of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that each cutting edge 2161 of the spike 216 of the dredging device 20 is spirally arranged and extends to the top end of the spike 216. When dredging member 21 moved towards discharge opening 11 or moved towards discharge opening 11 and rotated along self axis, a plurality of blade edges 2161 can assist in chopping solid objects 30, are favorable to the mediation of discharge opening 11, especially under the circumstances that dredging member 21 can rotate along self axis, make the direction of rotation unanimous with the direction that blade edge 2161 spiral was arranged, are favorable to blade edge 2161 to chop solid objects 30 more. Other structures and working principles of the dredging device 20 of the second embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the dredging member 21 of the dredging device 20 of the third embodiment. Figure 6 shows a schematic view of the pull through 20 of figure 5.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the third embodiment of the pull through 20 mainly differs from the first embodiment in that the heat insulation structure 215 is wrapped on at least a portion of the outer side of the housing 214, and the heat transfer portion 2141 is exposed to the heat insulation structure 215. The heat-insulating structure 215 is made of a material having heat-insulating properties, strength meeting requirements, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. In this case, the housing 214 may be integrally formed of a heat conductive material, that is, the housing 214 integrally forms the heat transfer portion 2141, and the heat conductive material has strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, such as high temperature resistant stainless steel. Meanwhile, the heat generating portion 211 can be attached to the inner wall of the housing 214 as much as possible, thereby increasing the heat transfer area and improving the melting effect on the solid 30. Other structures and working principles of the dredging device 20 of the third embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

Example four

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the dredging member 21 of the dredging device 20 of the fourth embodiment.

As shown in fig. 7, the dredging device 20 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the heat-insulating structure 215 is located in the housing 214 and wraps at least a portion of the heat generating portion 211, and a portion of the heat generating portion 211 contacting with the heat transfer portion 2141 is exposed from the heat-insulating structure 215. The heat-insulating structure 215 is made of a material having heat-insulating properties, strength meeting requirements, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. In this case, the housing 214 may be integrally formed of a heat conductive material, that is, the housing 214 integrally forms the heat transfer portion 2141, and the heat conductive material has strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, such as high temperature resistant stainless steel. The other structures and working principles of the dredging device 20 of the fourth embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

The present application also provides a melting system, an embodiment of which according to the present application comprises a melting device 10 and a pull through 20 for pulling through a discharge opening 11 of the melting device 10, the pull through 20 being the pull through 20 of the above-described embodiment.

The application also provides a radioactive waste treatment system, and the embodiment of the radioactive waste treatment system comprises a calcining device and a melting system, wherein the melting system is the melting system. Wherein, the radioactive wastes enter a calcining device for calcining and transforming, the obtained materials and the glass base materials enter a melting device of a melting system together for melting to form molten glass, and the molten glass is discharged from a discharge valve of the melting system. In a specific application scenario for radioactive waste treatment, the calciner is a rotary calciner and the melting device is a cold crucible. The rotary calcining furnace comprises a support, a furnace tube, a heating component, a feeding tube and a discharging tube, wherein the furnace tube is rotatably arranged on the support, the heating component is used for heating the furnace tube, the feeding tube is communicated with the first end of the furnace tube, the discharging tube is communicated with the second end of the furnace tube, and the furnace tube can rotate along the axis of the furnace tube. Radioactive waste liquid and other additives enter into the boiler tube through the inlet pipe, heat the boiler tube through the heating part, and the boiler tube rotates along self axis simultaneously, and radioactive waste liquid is calcined gradually and is changeed to solid powdery material to carry out the ejection of compact via the discharging pipe. The discharge pipe is communicated with the crucible body of the cold crucible, and the material mixed glass base material discharged from the discharge pipe enters the crucible body of the cold crucible together for subsequent melting and solidification processes. After the material was placed at the internal back of cold crucible pot, opened the high frequency induction power to induction coil circular telegram, it is inside that the wall body that becomes electromagnetic current and sees through the cold crucible pot body gets into the pending material with current conversion through induction coil to at the inside vortex production heat that forms of pending material, and then realize the heating of pending material.

It should also be noted that, in the case of the embodiments of the present invention, features of the embodiments and examples may be combined with each other to obtain a new embodiment without conflict.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present invention is subject to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Dredging arrangement, characterized by a discharge opening (11) for a melting device (10), comprising:

the dredging part (21) comprises a heating part (211) and a first electric connection part (212) and a second electric connection part (213) which are connected with and separated from the heating part (211), the first electric connection part (212) and the second electric connection part (213) are used for being electrically connected with a power supply so that the heating part (211) is electrified to generate heat, when solid exists at the discharge opening (11), the dredging part (21) is contacted with the solid, the heat of the heating part (211) is transferred to the solid to melt the solid, and the dredging part (21) can move in the direction towards the inner side of the discharge opening (11) in the process;

and the stress measuring device (22) is used for measuring the stress state of the dredging piece (21) in real time so as to judge the melting degree of the solid object dredged by the dredging piece (21) according to the stress state.

2. Dredging device according to claim 1,

the dredging part (21) further comprises a casing (214), the heating part (211) is positioned in the casing (214), the casing (214) comprises a heat transfer part (2141), and the heat transfer part (2141) is respectively contacted with the heating part (211) and the solid object so as to transfer the heat of the heating part (211) to the solid object.

3. Dredging device according to claim 2,

the dredging member (21) further comprises a heat insulating structure (215), and the heat insulating structure (215) is used for reducing heat dissipation of other parts of the heating part (211) except for the part in contact with the heat transfer part (2141).

4. Dredging device according to claim 3,

the heat preservation structure (215) is wrapped on the outer side of at least part of the shell (214), and the heat transfer portion (2141) is exposed out of the heat preservation structure (215).

5. Dredging device according to claim 3,

the heat preservation structure (215) is located in the shell (214) and wraps at least part of the heating portion (211), and the part of the heating portion (211) in contact with the heat transfer portion (2141) is exposed out of the heat preservation structure (215).

6. Dredging device according to claim 3,

the shell (214) further comprises an insulation shell part (2142), the insulation shell part (2142) is wrapped on the outer side of at least part of the heating part (211), and the insulation structure (215) comprises the insulation shell part (2142).

7. Dredging device according to claim 1,

the pull-through member (21) is rotatable along its axis while being moved in a direction toward the inside of the discharge opening (11).

8. Dredging device according to claim 1 or 7,

the pull through (21) further comprises a spike (216), the spike (216) being adapted to pierce the solid as the pull through (21) is moved in a direction towards the inside of the discharge opening (11).

9. Dredging device according to claim 8,

the dredging member (21) further comprises a housing (214), the heat generating portion (211) is located in the housing (214), the housing (214) comprises a heat transfer portion (2141) in contact with the heat generating portion (211), and a part of the heat transfer portion (2141) forms the spike portion (216).

10. Dredging device according to claim 8,

the outer wall of the spine portion (216) is provided with a plurality of cutting edges (2161), the plurality of cutting edges (2161) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the spine portion (216), each cutting edge (2161) extends to the top end of the spine portion (216) along the axial direction of the spine portion (216), and/or each cutting edge (2161) is spirally arranged and extends to the top end of the spine portion (216).

11. Dredging device according to claim 1,

the stress measuring device (22) is used for measuring one or more of axial force, bending moment and torque of the dredging piece (21) in real time.

12. The pull through of claim 1 or 11 further comprising:

first driving means (23) for driving said pull through (21) in a direction towards the inside of said discharge opening (11) and/or in rotation along its own axis.

13. The pull through of claim 1 further comprising:

second driving means (24) for driving said dredging member (21) to switch between a dredging station contactable with said solid matter at said discharge opening (11) and an idle station avoiding said discharge opening (11).

14. Dredging device according to claim 13,

the second driving device (24) drives the dredging piece (21) to swing and/or move.

15. A melting system, comprising a melting apparatus (10) and a pull through (20) for pulling through a discharge opening (11) of the melting apparatus (10), the pull through (20) being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.