CN113468692B - Three-dimensional wind field efficient simulation method based on delay effect - Google Patents

Three-dimensional wind field efficient simulation method based on delay effect Download PDF

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CN113468692B
CN113468692B CN202110811836.XA CN202110811836A CN113468692B CN 113468692 B CN113468692 B CN 113468692B CN 202110811836 A CN202110811836 A CN 202110811836A CN 113468692 B CN113468692 B CN 113468692B
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付兴
张兴恒
李宏男
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Dalian University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional wind field efficient simulation method based on a delay effect, and belongs to the technical field of structural wind engineering. The main steps of the wind speed time course generation method of the invention are as follows: determining the coordinates and an initial coordinate system of simulation points according to a structural drawing, transforming the coordinate system to enable a Y axis to be parallel to a wind speed direction to obtain a three-dimensional model of N structural simulation points, projecting all simulation points of the three-dimensional model onto a target two-dimensional plane, converting the simulation points into projection points in the two-dimensional plane, calculating wind speed delay time, namely the required time of each point to the projection points on the target plane, considering the horizontal and vertical spatial correlation of different simulation points by adopting a two-dimensional coherent function, generating pulsating wind speed by using a harmonic superposition method, and obtaining the wind speed time courses of all the points by using the delay time. The statistical property of the data obtained by the time delay method is similar to the result of the traditional three-dimensional method, but the simulation efficiency is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the method is simple to operate and has a reasonable theoretical background.

Description

Three-dimensional wind field efficient simulation method based on delay effect
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of structural wind engineering, and particularly relates to a numerical simulation method for generating a wind speed time course.
Background
Wind damage is one of the biggest people and property losses caused by natural disasters, and for large-scale structures, wind load is an important design load and even plays a decisive role. The existing wind-resistant design mainly adopts wind tunnel test, numerical simulation and field actual measurement. The numerical simulation is an important supplement of the test, the method is convenient and fast, the repeatability is high, and the method can be used for verification and design calculation of wind loads.
The application of wind load to a structure requires artificial synthesis of a wind speed time course with specific spectral density and spatial correlation as excitation, and natural wind is generally approximately regarded as a steady Gaussian process of each history in engineering. The current main wind field simulation methods include a linear filtering method, a harmonic superposition method, an inverse Fourier transform method, a wavelet analysis method and other optimization methods based on the method. Harmonic superposition is widely used in its rigorous theoretical derivation and simple mathematical modeling. The principle of the harmonic superposition method is that multivariate random samples (wind speed time courses of a plurality of simulation points) are written into a form of multinomial summation according to self-spectral density and cross-spectral density, and Cholesky decomposition is required to be carried out on a cross-spectral density matrix of the simulation points at each frequency point in the wind speed simulation process. However, as the number of large-scale structures increases, the number of variables in the simulation process increases correspondingly, the dimensionality of the cross-spectral density matrix increases, Cholesky decomposition on the cross-spectral density matrix becomes more difficult, and the calculation efficiency is greatly reduced. Some researchers consider that the taylor freezing assumption is introduced into the wind field simulation to replace the longitudinal spatial correlation of the wind field, and the pulsating quantity of each frequency point is subjected to phase shift, so that the method can increase the workload of final superposition summation.
Aiming at the defects of simulating a wind field by a traditional harmonic superposition method, the invention provides a three-dimensional wind field efficient simulation method based on a delay effect, namely a wind speed delay method, which is characterized in that the longitudinal spatial correlation of a simulation point is replaced by time correlation according to a Taylor assumption, the method is different from the scholars in that the pulsating wind speed is generated by directly using two-dimensional spatial correlation, and then a required wind speed sequence is directly taken out as a time course result for the time course result, so that the summation workload cannot be increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a three-dimensional wind field high-efficiency simulation method based on a delay effect, namely a wind speed delay method, for large-scale structure wind load simulation, and provides a high-efficiency calculation method for design and safety evaluation of a large-scale structure under the wind load action.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a three-dimensional wind field efficient simulation method based on a delay effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) determining the coordinates and the initial coordinate system of the simulation points according to the structural drawing, transforming the coordinate system to enable the Y axis to be parallel to the wind speed direction, obtaining a three-dimensional model of N structural simulation points, wherein the coordinates of the simulation points are represented by (x)1,y1,z1) To (x, y, z):
Figure BDA0003168501470000011
(2) choose y ═ max (y)1,y2,...,yN) Is a target plane, wherein y1,y2,...,yNProjecting all simulation points of the three-dimensional model to the target plane for the coordinates of the simulation points along the wind speed direction, and converting the simulation points into projection points in the target plane;
(3) according to the Taylor freezing assumption, considering the delay effect of the wind speed and the dispersion of the wind speed in the actual simulation process, calculating the delay time of the simulation point with the number i, namely the time required by moving from the simulation point to the projection point at the average wind speed:
Figure BDA0003168501470000021
in the formula
Figure BDA0003168501470000022
Denotes rounding up, Δ t is the simulated time step, VmRepresenting the average wind speed.
(4) Generating the pulsating wind speed for the projection point in the step (2) by using a harmonic superposition method, considering the horizontal and vertical spatial correlation of different simulation points by using a two-dimensional coherent function, calculating the wind speed time course of all the points by using the time correlation of the same simulation point at different moments for the vertical spatial correlation of different simulation points, wherein the simulation time is realized by using the time asynchronism of the pulsating wind speed, and the wind speed of the point at any time t (j) is taken as:
V(xi,yi,zi,t(j))＝Vm(zi)+Vf(xi,yi,zi,t(j)+ts1(i)) (3)
in the formula, xi,yi,ziFor the abscissa, ordinate and ordinate of the simulation point, VfIndicating the pulsating wind speed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the dimensionality of a cross-spectral density matrix in the simulation process is reduced, so that the Cholesky decomposition efficiency of the cross-spectral density matrix is improved;
(2) the method for simulating the longitudinal spatial correlation of the pulsating wind at different simulation points by adopting the wind speed delay method is simple and has strong operability.
(3) The Taylor hypothesis is well-established in theory, the rationality and the application range of which have been widely discussed by scholars, and the hypothesis is reasonably applied in the simulation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a structural simulation point projection method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a power transmission tower-line structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein A, B, C is a target point for extracting axial force after loading;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the stress time course of the target simulation point in the embodiment of the present invention and the traditional method;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, an embodiment of the invention provides an efficient three-dimensional wind field simulation method using a transmission tower-line system as an example.
Source of implementation case data: see "FuXand L H N, Dynamic analysis of transmission power-line system subject to Wind and rain loads, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2016,157, 95-103" for details.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the building of the numerical model of the power transmission tower may adopt a self-programming program or related business software, and in the embodiment, the application of the wind speed delay method to the structure of the power transmission tower to apply the wind load is implemented by taking a widely used finite element analysis software ANSYS as an example, and the flow shown in fig. 1 and the technical scheme of the present invention are specifically described as follows:
(1) examples of such towers are three 99.9m tall towers, made of Q235 and Q345 equal angle steel, spaced 500m apart, connected by wires, and the tower structure and wire information are described in "Fu X and lh N, Dynamic analysis of transmission tower system subject to Wind and rain loads, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2016,157,95-103," medium "Section 5" and "Section 6". An iron three-tower four-wire finite element model is established by using ANSYS software, the ends of wires at two sides are connected by fixed ends, a BEAM188 unit is selected to simulate a power transmission tower rod piece, the connection between components is simplified by adopting rigid connection nodes, and an ideal elastic-plastic model is adopted by a steel structure.
(2) In the embodiment, a Davenport wind spectrum and a Davenport coherent function model are adopted to simulate the spatial correlation of pulsating wind, the attenuation coefficients of the coherent function in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction are respectively 16, 8 and 10, an exponential law is adopted to simulate an average wind profile, the ground roughness is a Chinese specification ' DL/T5551-2018, the load specification of an overhead transmission line, the national energy agency ' 2018 ' B type (namely alpha is 0.15), and the 10m height basic wind speed is 16 m/s.
(3) In this embodiment, a traditional harmonic superposition method considering three-dimensional correlation and a wind speed delay method are respectively adopted to generate wind load, the wind speed delay method adopts a two-dimensional coherence function to consider the horizontal and vertical spatial correlations of different simulation points, for the vertical spatial correlations of different simulation points, according to the taylor freezing assumption, the time correlations of different moments of the same simulation point are used to calculate the wind speed time course of all points, the simulation time is realized by the time asynchronization of the pulsating wind speed, and the wind speed of the point at any time t can be calculated according to the formula (4):
V(xi,yi,zi,t)＝Vm(zi)+Vf(xi,yi,zi,t+ts1) (4)
(4) the statistical properties of the forces at the "three tower four line" configuration target point A, B, C for these two cases were extracted separately and compared to demonstrate the rationality of the wind speed delay method.
When the invention is used, attention needs to be paid to the following steps: in the actual simulation, the wind speed is discretized, and the formula (4) is converted into the following formula (3) for calculation:
V(xi,yi,zi,t(j))＝Vm(zi)+Vf(xi,yi,zi,t(j)+ts1(i)) (3)
in the formula
Figure BDA0003168501470000031
Indicating rounding up and at is the time step of the simulation.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A three-dimensional wind field efficient simulation method based on a delay effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining the coordinates and the initial coordinate system of the simulation points according to the drawing of the structure, transforming the coordinate system to enable the Y axis to be parallel to the wind speed direction to obtain a three-dimensional model of N structure simulation points, and selecting the position perpendicular to Y as max (Y)1,y2,...,yN) Is a target plane, wherein y1,y2,...,yNProjecting all simulation points of the three-dimensional model to a target plane for the coordinates of the simulation points along the wind speed direction, and converting the simulation points into projection points in a two-dimensional plane;
(2) according to the Taylor freezing assumption, considering that the delay effect of the wind speed and the wind speed in the actual simulation process are discrete, calculating the delay time of the simulation point with the number i, namely the time required by moving from the simulation point to the projection point at the average wind speed:
Figure FDA0003168501460000011
in the formula
Figure FDA0003168501460000012
Denotes rounding up, Δ t is the simulated time step, VmRepresents the average wind speed;
(3) generating the pulsating wind speed for the projection point in the step (1) by using a harmonic superposition method, considering the horizontal and vertical spatial correlation of different simulation points by using a two-dimensional coherence function, calculating the wind speed time course of all the points by using the time correlation of the same simulation point at different moments for the vertical spatial correlation of different simulation points, wherein the simulation time is realized by using the time asynchronism of the pulsating wind speed, and the wind speed of the simulation point at any moment t (j) is taken as:
V(xi,yi,zi,t(j))＝Vm(zi)+Vf(xi,yi,zi,t(j)+ts1(i)) (1)
in the formula, xi,yi,ziFor the abscissa, ordinate and ordinate of the simulation point, VfIndicating the pulsating wind speed.
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