CN113465837A - Detection method applied to leakage rate of iodine adsorber of nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Detection method applied to leakage rate of iodine adsorber of nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN113465837A CN113465837A CN202110583282.2A CN202110583282A CN113465837A CN 113465837 A CN113465837 A CN 113465837A CN 202110583282 A CN202110583282 A CN 202110583282A CN 113465837 A CN113465837 A CN 113465837A
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting the leakage rate of an iodine adsorber applied to a nuclear power plant, which comprises the following steps: determining the positions of a tracer injection port and upstream and downstream sampling ports of an iodine adsorber leakage rate detection test; carrying out an air volume test of a test loop fan, an air flow distribution test of an air channel and an aerosol mixing uniformity test, and detecting whether the test tracers at the upstream sampling port are uniformly mixed so as to judge whether the sampling sample is representative; the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber was measured. The invention ensures the accuracy of the test result of the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber by reasonably designing the positions of the tracer injection port and the upstream and downstream sampling ports and testing the air quantity test, the air flow distribution test and the aerosol mixing uniformity test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field test technology of a nuclear facility ventilation system, and particularly relates to a method for detecting the leakage rate of an iodine adsorber in a nuclear power plant.
Background
The radioactive fission product of the nuclear power plant reactor contains gaseous radioactive iodine, and although the concentration of the radioactive iodine is low, the thyroid of a human body has strong absorption capacity on the radioactive iodine, so that the thyroid of the human body can generate great harm after being inhaled. Therefore, radioactive iodine is purified by adsorption using an iodine adsorber in a nuclear power plant ventilation system.
The iodine adsorber is used as important purification equipment in a ventilation system of a nuclear power plant, and the performance of the iodine adsorber needs to be checked before the system is put into operation formally. The detection of the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber is an important aspect of performance evaluation of the iodine adsorber, and has general application in field tests of nuclear power plants.
The basic principle of the iodine adsorber leakage rate detection is to inject a tracer into an upstream air pipe of the system, sample the upstream and downstream of the iodine adsorber at the same time, and obtain the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber through analysis and calculation of sampling results. From the test principle, it can be seen that the stability and uniformity of the test tracer injection, and the representativeness of the upstream and downstream sampling are the key to whether the test measurement result is accurate. The stability and uniformity of tracer injection are mainly influenced by injection equipment and injection mode, the representativeness of sampling is mainly influenced by the mixing uniformity of tracers at sampling positions, and the mixing uniformity of the tracers at the sampling positions is related to the selection of positions of injection ports and sampling ports. However, in some nuclear facility ventilation systems, because an injection port and a sampling port are not arranged, or the positions of the injection port and the sampling port are not reasonably arranged, or the nuclear facility ventilation systems are limited by the size of a factory space, the system layout is compact, the distance between the injection point and the sampling point is short, injected aerosol cannot be uniformly mixed when reaching the sampling point, a representative sample is difficult to obtain, and the accuracy of a test result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the leakage rate of an iodine adsorber, aiming at the problem of uneven mixing of a sampling sample in the detection of the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber of a nuclear facility ventilation system, and ensuring the accuracy of a leakage rate test result.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for detecting the leakage rate of an iodine adsorber applied to a nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:
determining the positions of a tracer injection port and upstream and downstream sampling ports of an iodine adsorber leakage rate detection test;
carrying out an air volume test of a test loop fan, an air flow distribution test of an air channel and an aerosol mixing uniformity test, and detecting whether the test tracers at the upstream sampling port are uniformly mixed so as to judge whether the sampling sample is representative;
the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber was measured.
Further, the method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant is applied to the method, wherein the tracer injection ports are arranged according to the following principle:
the tracer injection port is arranged at the upstream of the iodine adsorber of the system and is far away from the iodine adsorber as far as possible on the premise of facilitating test operation, so that the injected tracer can be uniformly mixed when reaching an upstream sampling port in front of the iodine adsorber; when a plurality of air inlet pipelines are arranged at the upstream of the iodine adsorber, the tracer injection port is arranged on the main air inlet pipeline, or the injection ports are respectively arranged on the plurality of air inlet pipelines; the distance between the tracer injection port and the upstream sampling port is not less than 5.5 times of the diameter of the pipeline.
Furthermore, when the system cannot meet the requirement of the mixing uniformity of the test tracer due to arrangement reasons, a multi-point injection technology is adopted, and comprises the steps of arranging a plurality of injection ports or changing the tracer outlets of the injection pipes at the injection ports from one to a plurality of positions.
Further, the method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant is applied, wherein the upstream sampling port is arranged according to the following principle:
the upstream sampling port is arranged in front of the iodine adsorber and is as close to the iodine adsorber as possible; if a HEPA filter is placed before the iodine adsorber, the upstream sampling port that performs the aerosol mixing uniformity test should be placed before the HEPA filter.
Further, the method is applied to the detection method of the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant, wherein the principle of the arrangement of the downstream sampling ports is as follows:
the downstream sampling port is arranged behind the iodine adsorber and far away from the iodine adsorber as far as possible, and the sampling port is preferably arranged on an exhaust pipe behind an exhaust fan under possible conditions.
Further, the method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant is applied, wherein the air volume test measures and adjusts the system air volume to the design air volume, and the deviation between the system air volume and the design air volume is less than or equal to +/-10%.
Further, the method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorbers in the nuclear power plant is applied to the nuclear power plant, wherein the air speed of each iodine adsorber or each air channel of each row of the iodine adsorbers is measured by an air flow distribution test, a plurality of measuring points are arranged in each air channel, the average value of the air speeds of the measuring points is calculated, and the deviation between the air speed value of any measuring point and the average value is less than or equal to +/-20%.
Furthermore, for the I-type iodine adsorber or the non-enterable III-type iodine adsorber installed in the box body, a wireless anemometer can be used for measuring the wind speed.
Further, the method is applied to the detection of the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant, wherein an aerosol mixing uniformity test injects an aerosol tracer from an injection port, the aerosol concentrations of different positions of an air pipe are measured at an upstream sampling port, the average value of the aerosol concentrations of all points is calculated, and the deviation between the aerosol concentration value of any measuring point and the average value is less than or equal to +/-20%.
Further, the method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant is applied, wherein if the air volume test, the air flow distribution test and the aerosol mixing uniformity test all meet the requirements, the aerosol introduced from the injection port can be uniformly mixed with the air before reaching the sampling point, the sample collected by the sampling point is representative, the tracer concentrations at the upstream and the downstream of the iodine adsorber are measured, the leakage rate is calculated according to the following formula,
wherein L is the percentage of leakage;
Cdis the downstream concentration;
Cuis the upstream concentration.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant provided by the invention has the advantages that the arrangement principle of the injection port and the sampling port of the test tracer agent is reasonably designed, the air volume test, the air flow distribution test and the aerosol mixing uniformity test are carried out before the leakage rate detection is carried out, and the representativeness of the sample is tested, so that the accuracy of the leakage rate test result is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The flow of the detection method applied to the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
1. determining and installing a test interface
The test injection and sampling ports were arranged as follows:
test injection port: the test injection port is arranged at the upstream of the iodine adsorber of the system and is far away from the iodine adsorber as far as possible on the premise of facilitating test operation, so that injected tracer can be uniformly mixed when reaching the upstream sampling port in front of the iodine adsorber. When a plurality of air inlet pipelines are arranged at the upstream of the iodine adsorber, the position of the injection port is arranged on the main air inlet pipeline, or the injection ports are arranged on the plurality of air inlet pipelines. The distance between the test injection port and the upstream sampling port is not less than 5.5 times of the diameter of the pipeline.
When the system cannot meet the requirement of the mixing uniformity of the test tracer due to arrangement reasons, a multipoint injection technology is considered to be adopted, and the multipoint injection technology comprises the step of arranging a plurality of injection ports or the step of changing one injection pipe tracer outlet at the injection port into a plurality of positions.
An upstream sampling port: the upstream sampling port should be positioned before and as close as possible to the iodine adsorber. If the iodine adsorber is preceded by the HEPA filter, the upstream sampling port for performing the aerosol mixing uniformity test should be preceded by the HEPA filter because the HEPA filter has a filtering effect on the aerosol.
A downstream sampling port: the downstream sampling port is arranged behind the iodine adsorber and far away from the iodine adsorber as far as possible, and the sampling port is preferably arranged on an exhaust pipe behind an exhaust fan under possible conditions.
In this embodiment, a test injection port is provided upstream of the test system. An HEPA filter is arranged in front of the iodine adsorber of the system, and 3 upstream sampling ports are uniformly arranged on the same cross section of a front air pipe of the HEPA filter. The distance between the injection port and the upstream sampling port is more than 10 times of the diameter of the air pipe. And a downstream sampling port is arranged behind the exhaust fan of the system.
2. Air volume test
And starting a test loop fan, and measuring and adjusting the air quantity of the system to be within +/-10% of the designed air quantity.
3. Air flow distribution test
And measuring the wind speed of each iodine adsorber or each air channel of the iodine adsorber row. For the I-type iodine adsorber or the non-enterable III-type iodine adsorber arranged in the box body, a wireless anemometer can be selected to measure the wind speed. And calculating the average value of the wind speeds of all the measuring points, wherein the deviation between the wind speed value of any measuring point and the average value is less than or equal to +/-20%.
In this embodiment, the iodine adsorber of the test system is a non-accessible monomer III-type iodine adsorber, and there are 3 outlets of the air discharge channel of the iodine adsorber. The method comprises the steps of measuring airflow distribution wind speed by adopting a wireless anemometer, respectively setting wind speed measuring points at the outlet of an air exhaust channel of each iodine adsorber, arranging 3 measuring points on each channel, and measuring 9 groups of test wind speed values at intervals of less than 300 mm. And (4) calculating the average wind speed of the test, wherein the maximum deviation of the test wind speed and the average wind speed is-6.6% -6.0%, the maximum deviation is less than or equal to +/-20%, and the test result is qualified.
If the airflow distribution does not meet the acceptance criteria, the following measures can be considered for adjustment, and the re-test is required after the adjustment until the test result meets the requirements.
1) Replacing the test instrument;
2) adjusting the air volume of the system;
3) the pipeline is rearranged.
4. Aerosol mixing uniformity test
Injecting aerosol tracer from the injection port, measuring the aerosol concentration at different positions of the air pipe at the upstream sampling port, and calculating the average value of the aerosol concentration at each point, wherein the deviation between the aerosol concentration value at any measuring point and the average value is less than or equal to +/-20%.
In the embodiment, the test tracer uses DOP aerosol, DOP is injected into the injection port, 3 groups of aerosol concentrations are uniformly measured at different depths of each upstream sampling point, and 9 groups of aerosol concentration values are measured in total. And (3) calculating the average aerosol concentration of the test, wherein the maximum deviation of the aerosol concentration of the test and the average concentration is-9.9% -7.5%, the maximum deviation is less than or equal to +/-20%, and the test result is qualified.
Because the tracer is uniformly mixed when reaching the upstream sampling point, the sample can be sampled at any upstream sampling point when the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber is measured, and the collected sample is representative.
If the aerosol mixing uniformity does not meet the acceptance criteria, the following measures can be considered for adjustment, and the adjustment needs to be tested again until the test result meets the requirements.
1) Replacing the position of the injection port;
2) multi-point injection is used.
5. Iodine adsorber leak rate measurement
Test tracers R-123 was used, and the tracer was injected at the injection port while the concentration of R-123 was measured at the upstream and downstream sampling ports, and the concentration and corresponding time of measurement was recorded. The upstream and downstream sampling lines should be the same length and as short as possible. The injections were continued, with the upstream and corresponding downstream R-123 concentrations being recorded every 10 seconds for 5 minutes. 4 continuous and stable upstream concentration values are selected, the upstream average concentration and the corresponding downstream average concentration are calculated, the test leakage rate is less than 0.005 percent and less than or equal to 0.05 percent of the acceptance standard value according to the following formula, and the test result is qualified.
Wherein L is the percentage of leakage;
Cdis the downstream average concentration;
Cuis the upstream average concentration.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting the leakage rate of an iodine adsorber applied to a nuclear power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the positions of a tracer injection port and upstream and downstream sampling ports of an iodine adsorber leakage rate detection test;
carrying out an air volume test of a test loop fan, an air flow distribution test of an air channel and an aerosol mixing uniformity test, and detecting whether the test tracers at the upstream sampling port are uniformly mixed so as to judge whether the sampling sample is representative;
the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber was measured.
2. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tracer injection ports are arranged according to the following principle:
the tracer injection port is arranged at the upstream of the iodine adsorber of the system and is far away from the iodine adsorber as far as possible on the premise of facilitating test operation, so that the injected tracer can be uniformly mixed when reaching an upstream sampling port in front of the iodine adsorber; when a plurality of air inlet pipelines are arranged at the upstream of the iodine adsorber, the tracer injection port is arranged on the main air inlet pipeline, or the injection ports are respectively arranged on the plurality of air inlet pipelines; the distance between the tracer injection port and the upstream sampling port is not less than 5.5 times of the diameter of the pipeline.
3. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant according to claim 2, wherein when the system fails to meet the requirement of the mixing uniformity of the tracer in the test due to the arrangement, a multi-point injection technique is adopted, which comprises arranging a plurality of injection ports or changing the tracer outlet of the injection pipe at the injection port from one to a plurality of positions.
4. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upstream sampling ports are arranged according to the following principle:
the upstream sampling port is arranged in front of the iodine adsorber and is as close to the iodine adsorber as possible; if a HEPA filter is placed before the iodine adsorber, the upstream sampling port that performs the aerosol mixing uniformity test should be placed before the HEPA filter.
5. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the downstream sampling ports are arranged according to the following principle:
the downstream sampling port is arranged behind the iodine adsorber and far away from the iodine adsorber as far as possible, and the sampling port is preferably arranged on an exhaust pipe behind an exhaust fan under possible conditions.
6. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air volume test measures and adjusts the system air volume to the design air volume, and the deviation between the system air volume and the design air volume is less than or equal to ± 10%.
7. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorbers in the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air flow distribution test measures the wind speed of each iodine adsorber or each air channel of the row of the iodine adsorbers, each air channel is provided with a plurality of measuring points, the average value of the wind speed of each measuring point is calculated, and the deviation of the wind speed value of any measuring point from the average value is less than or equal to ± 20%.
8. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorbers in the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 7, wherein the wind speed is measured by a wireless anemometer for the type I iodine adsorber installed in the box or the type III iodine adsorber which is not accessible.
9. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the aerosol mixing uniformity test injects the aerosol tracer from the injection port, measures the aerosol concentration at different positions of the air duct at the upstream sampling port, calculates the average value of the aerosol concentration at each point, and the deviation between the aerosol concentration value at any measuring point and the average value is less than or equal to ± 20%.
10. The method for detecting the leakage rate of the iodine adsorber in the nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein if the air volume test, the air flow distribution test and the aerosol mixing uniformity test all meet the requirements, the aerosol introduced from the injection port is proved to be uniformly mixed with the air before reaching the sampling point, the sample collected at the sampling point is representative, the tracer concentration at the upstream and the downstream of the iodine adsorber is measured, the leakage rate is calculated according to the following formula,
wherein L is the percentage of leakage;
Cdis the downstream concentration;
Cuis the upstream concentration.
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- 2021-05-27 CN CN202110583282.2A patent/CN113465837A/en active Pending
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