CN110715975A - Online measuring device and method for evaluating efficiency of iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide - Google Patents
Online measuring device and method for evaluating efficiency of iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide Download PDFInfo
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- CN110715975A CN110715975A CN201910826518.3A CN201910826518A CN110715975A CN 110715975 A CN110715975 A CN 110715975A CN 201910826518 A CN201910826518 A CN 201910826518A CN 110715975 A CN110715975 A CN 110715975A
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triiodomethane Natural products IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/64—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using wave or particle radiation to ionise a gas, e.g. in an ionisation chamber
- G01N27/66—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using wave or particle radiation to ionise a gas, e.g. in an ionisation chamber and measuring current or voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an online measurement device for evaluating efficiency of an iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide, which comprises a test reagent lead-in component connected with an air inlet end of the iodine adsorber and a test reagent lead-out component connected with an air outlet end of the iodine adsorber, wherein the test reagent lead-in component comprises a test reagent lead-in pipe which is connected with an upstream collection pipe and a test reagent injection pipe; the test reagent leading-out component comprises a test reagent leading-out pipe connected with the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber, and the test reagent leading-out pipe is connected with a downstream collecting pipe; the test reagent injection pipe is connected with the pulse type methyl iodide gas generator, and the upstream collecting pipe and the downstream collecting pipe are both connected with the PID gas detector. The method adopts the nonradioactive methyl iodide as the test reagent to carry out the efficiency test on the iodine adsorber, avoids radioactive operation in the efficiency test of the iodine adsorber, reduces the operation risk, and eliminates the radioactive gas discharge condition caused by unqualified adsorption efficiency or misoperation of the iodine adsorber in the test process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear facilities, in particular to an online measuring device and method for evaluating efficiency of an iodine absorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide.
Background
Under normal operation and accident conditions, the reactor inevitably produces radioactive iodine, which is mainly presented by molecular iodine (129I2, 131I2) and organic iodine (CH3131I), wherein the organic iodine accounts for only 5-10% of the gaseous radioactive iodine. Although the concentration of radioactive iodine is low, the thyroid gland of a human body has high absorption capacity of the radioactive iodine, and the thyroid gland still has great harm to the human body after being inhaled. Therefore, it is necessary to protect workers and the environment from damage by performing an adsorption treatment of iodine using an iodine filter (or referred to as an iodine adsorber) in a ventilation system of a nuclear power plant.
To ensure the effectiveness of the iodine adsorbers, periodic performance testing tests are required after replacement and after a period of installation and use. At present, the radioactive methyl iodine method is adopted in the domestic iodine adsorber efficiency test. The method has extremely high sensitivity, an accurate measurement result can be obtained by adding a very small amount of test reagent, and the consumption of the test on the adsorption capacity of the iodine adsorber can be completely ignored; secondly, methyl iodide marked by I-131 has obvious characteristic peaks, and the anti-interference capability of test measurement is strong; in addition, methyl iodide is considered as the most difficult organic iodide to remove, and the efficiency test results measured by using methyl iodide as a test medium are most conservative and representative, so that the radioactive methyl iodide method is widely used in field efficiency detection tests of iodine adsorbers by countries all over the world. However, in the test, a non-sealed radioactive source reagent is required to be adopted to prepare a test medium, so that the control on purchasing, transportation, storage and management of the radioactive iodine source is strict, the program is multiple, and the cost is higher; moreover, the preparation of gaseous radioactive methyl iodide in the field test process relates to radioactive operation, has higher technical requirements on operators, and has the risk of uncontrollable overflow of radioactive gas due to improper operation; in addition, if the installation of the iodine adsorber to be tested has defects or the efficiency of the iodine adsorber per se does not meet the requirements, the problem of accidental emission of radioactive gas exists when the method is adopted, and then the risks of staff and environmental pollution are caused.
To avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages of the method in the efficiency test of the iodine adsorber, an on-line detection device and method for measuring the efficiency of the iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide have been developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide on-line measuring equipment and a method for evaluating the efficiency of an iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the on-line measuring equipment for evaluating the efficiency of the iodine adsorber by using the non-radioactive methyl iodide comprises a test reagent introduction component connected with the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber and a test reagent introduction component connected with the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber, wherein the test reagent introduction component comprises a test reagent introduction pipe connected with the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber, the end part of the test reagent introduction pipe is connected with an air intake fan, and the test reagent introduction pipe is connected with an upstream collection pipe and a test reagent injection pipe; the test reagent leading-out assembly comprises a test reagent leading-out pipe connected with the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber, the end part of the test reagent leading-out pipe is connected with an air outlet fan, and the test reagent leading-out pipe is connected with a downstream collection pipe;
the test reagent injection pipe is connected with the pulse type methyl iodide gas generator, and the upstream collecting pipe and the downstream collecting pipe are both connected with the PID gas detector.
Further, the test reagent is nonradioactive methyl iodide gas or liquid.
Further, a filter, a heater and a turbulator are arranged on the test reagent introducing pipe; and the test reagent delivery pipe is provided with a regulating valve.
Further, the distance between the upstream collecting pipe and the test reagent injection pipe is more than 5 times larger than the caliber of the test reagent introducing pipe.
Further, the concentration of the test reagent in the test reagent introducing tube is more than 1ppm, and the concentration of the test reagent in the test reagent leading-out tube is less than 100 ppb.
Furthermore, the temperature of the sampling gas flow in the downstream collecting pipe is 10-80 ℃, and the humidity is lower than 80%.
An on-line measuring method for evaluating efficiency of an iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber to be tested with a test reagent lead-in pipe, and connecting the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber to be tested with a test reagent lead-out pipe; the test reagent injection pipe is connected with the pulse type methyl iodide gas generator, and the upstream collecting pipe and the downstream collecting pipe are both connected with the PID gas detector;
s2, opening an air inlet fan and an air outlet fan, adjusting the air quantity of the system to be within +/-10% of the rated air quantity of the iodine adsorber, enabling the relative humidity of the air flow to be not higher than 80%, and starting a heater to reduce the relative humidity if the relative temperature does not meet the requirement;
s3, injecting mixed gas of methyl iodide gas and air into the test reagent introducing pipe in a pulse mode by a pulse methyl iodide gas generator, wherein the pulse injection time is 0.5-30 min;
s4, injecting methyl iodide into the test system, and meanwhile, carrying out upstream and downstream gas sampling and concentration measurement by PID gas detectors arranged on upstream and downstream collecting pipes of the iodine adsorber system, and automatically recording upstream and downstream concentration values, wherein the single online sampling time is 10-300S;
s5, obtaining a curve of the concentration of the iodomethane tracer gas in the upstream and downstream air flows of the iodine adsorber against time according to the measured result, obtaining an integral area, and calculating the efficiency of the iodine adsorber according to a formula 1; wherein,
efficiency of
CdownDownstream sample concentration
Cup-downstream sample concentration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method adopts the nonradioactive methyl iodide as the test reagent to carry out the efficiency test on the iodine adsorber, so that the radioactive operation in the efficiency test of the iodine adsorber can be avoided, the operation risk is reduced, the collective irradiated dose of operators is reduced, and the condition of radioactive gas discharge caused by unqualified adsorption efficiency or misoperation of the iodine adsorber in the test process is eliminated; and the links of purchasing, transporting, storing and the like of the radioactive source in the efficiency test of the iodine adsorber can be avoided, and the production management cost of the power station is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the on-line measuring equipment for evaluating the efficiency of the iodine adsorber by using the non-radioactive methyl iodide comprises a test reagent introducing component connected with the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber 1 and a test reagent leading-out component connected with the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber 1, wherein the test reagent introducing component comprises a test reagent introducing pipe 2 connected with the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber 1, the end part of the test reagent introducing pipe 2 is connected with an air inlet fan, and the test reagent introducing pipe 2 is connected with an upstream collecting pipe 3 and a test reagent injection pipe 4; the test reagent leading-out component comprises a test reagent leading-out pipe 5 connected with the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber 1, the end part of the test reagent leading-out pipe 5 is connected with an air outlet fan 6, and the test reagent leading-out pipe 5 is connected with a downstream collection pipe 7; the test reagent injection pipe 4 is connected with a pulse type methyl iodide gas generator 13, and the upstream collection pipe 3 and the downstream collection pipe 7 are both connected with a PID gas detector 14.
In the present invention, a nonradioactive methyl iodide gas or liquid is used as the test reagent, and the test reagent is supplied from a pulse type methyl iodide gas generator 13.
Further, a filter 8, a heater 9 and a turbulator 10 are mounted on the test reagent introduction tube 2; the test reagent delivery pipe 5 is provided with an adjusting valve 11, the filter 8 has the function of gas filtration, the heater 9 has the function of gas dehumidification, and the turbulator 10 ensures the stability of gas flow. In addition, a differential pressure gauge 12 may be connected between the test reagent introduction tube 2 and the test reagent discharge tube 5 at both ends of the iodine adsorber 1, and the differential pressure gauge 12 may monitor the pressure difference at both ends of the iodine adsorber 1.
In the present invention, the distance between the upstream collection tube 3 and the test reagent injection tube 4 is 5 times or more greater than the diameter of the test reagent introduction tube 2. The concentration of the test reagent in the test reagent inlet pipe 2 is more than 1ppm, and the concentration of the test reagent in the test reagent outlet pipe 5 is less than 100 ppb. The temperature of the sampling gas flow in the downstream collecting pipe is 10-80 ℃ and the humidity is lower than 80%.
An on-line measuring method for evaluating efficiency of an iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber 1 to be tested with a test reagent inlet pipe 2, and connecting the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber to be tested with a test reagent outlet pipe 5; the test reagent injection pipe 4 is connected with a pulse type methyl iodide gas generator 13, and the upstream collection pipe 3 and the downstream collection pipe 7 are both connected with a PID gas detector 14;
s2, opening an air inlet fan and an air outlet fan, adjusting the air quantity of the system to be within +/-10% of the rated air quantity of the iodine adsorber, enabling the relative humidity of the air flow to be not higher than 80%, and starting a heater to reduce the relative humidity if the relative temperature does not meet the requirement;
s3, injecting the mixed gas of the methyl iodide gas and the air into the test reagent introducing pipe 2 in a pulse mode by the pulse methyl iodide gas generator 13, wherein the pulse injection time is 0.5-30 min;
s4, when injecting methyl iodide into the test system, the PID gas detectors 14 arranged on the upstream and downstream collecting pipes of the iodine adsorber system sample the upstream and downstream gas and measure the concentration, and automatically record the upstream and downstream concentration values, wherein the single online sampling time is 10-300S;
s5, obtaining a curve of the concentration of the iodomethane tracer gas in the upstream and downstream air flows of the iodine adsorber against time according to the measured result, obtaining an integral area, and calculating the efficiency of the iodine adsorber according to a formula 1; wherein,
efficiency of
CdownDownstream sample concentration
Cup-downstream sample concentration.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
the upstream air source is air and is supplied by an air inlet fan, the iodine adsorber adopts a folding type iodine adsorber, the filling amount of an active carbon bed is 42Kg, the stable methyl iodide is 2ml, and the air flow condition parameters are as follows: the temperature is 31 ℃, the relative humidity is 37%, and the flow rate is 1.2cm/s, before the test is started, a PID gas detector 14 is respectively connected with the upstream and downstream of the iodine adsorber and is adjusted to zero, then, sampling records are started, and the concentration of the methyl iodide in the upstream and downstream air flow of the iodine adsorber is measured and recorded in real time. After the methyl iodide liquid in the pulse methyl iodide gas generator 13 is gasified, the methyl iodide gas is injected in a pulse mode through the test reagent injection pipe 4, at the moment, the PID gas detector 14 automatically records the concentration values of the upstream and the downstream, the sampling and recording time is 30min, the concentration recorded at each moment is plotted against the time, the integral area is obtained, the upstream and the downstream integral areas are respectively 364290 and 5829, and the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon to the methyl iodide is calculated to be 98.4%.
The method adopts the nonradioactive methyl iodide as the test reagent to carry out the efficiency test on the iodine adsorber, so that the radioactive operation in the efficiency test of the iodine adsorber can be avoided, the operation risk is reduced, the collective irradiated dose of operators is reduced, and the condition of radioactive gas discharge caused by unqualified adsorption efficiency or misoperation of the iodine adsorber in the test process is eliminated; and the links of purchasing, transporting, storing and the like of the radioactive source in the efficiency test of the iodine adsorber can be avoided, and the production management cost of the power station is reduced.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The on-line measuring equipment for evaluating the efficiency of the iodine adsorber by using the non-radioactive methyl iodide comprises a test reagent introduction component connected with the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber and a test reagent introduction component connected with the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber, and is characterized in that the test reagent introduction component comprises a test reagent introduction pipe connected with the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber, the end part of the test reagent introduction pipe is connected with an air inlet fan, and the test reagent introduction pipe is connected with an upstream collection pipe and a test reagent injection pipe; the test reagent leading-out assembly comprises a test reagent leading-out pipe connected with the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber, the end part of the test reagent leading-out pipe is connected with an air outlet fan, and the test reagent leading-out pipe is connected with a downstream collection pipe;
the test reagent injection pipe is connected with the pulse type methyl iodide gas generator, and the upstream collecting pipe and the downstream collecting pipe are both connected with the PID gas detector.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the test reagent is non-radioactive methyl iodide gas or liquid.
3. The apparatus for on-line measurement of efficiency of an iodine adsorber using nonradioactive methyl iodide as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein said test agent introduction tube is provided with a filter, a heater and a turbulator; and the test reagent delivery pipe is provided with a regulating valve.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the upstream collection tube is spaced from the test reagent injection tube by a distance greater than 5 times the diameter of the test reagent introduction tube.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the concentration of the test reagent in the test reagent inlet tube is greater than 1ppm and the concentration of the test reagent in the test reagent outlet tube is less than 100 ppb.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sample gas stream in the downstream collection tube has a temperature of 10-80 ℃ and a humidity of less than 80%.
7. An on-line measuring method for evaluating the efficiency of an iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, connecting the air inlet end of the iodine adsorber to be tested with a test reagent lead-in pipe, and connecting the air outlet end of the iodine adsorber to be tested with a test reagent lead-out pipe; the test reagent injection pipe is connected with the pulse type methyl iodide gas generator, and the upstream collecting pipe and the downstream collecting pipe are both connected with the PID gas detector;
s2, opening an air inlet fan and an air outlet fan, adjusting the air quantity of the system to be within +/-10% of the rated air quantity of the iodine adsorber, enabling the relative humidity of the air flow to be not higher than 80%, and starting a heater to reduce the relative humidity if the relative temperature does not meet the requirement;
s3, injecting mixed gas of methyl iodide gas and air into the test reagent introducing pipe in a pulse mode by a pulse methyl iodide gas generator, wherein the pulse injection time is 0.5-30 min;
s4, injecting methyl iodide into the test system, and meanwhile, carrying out upstream and downstream gas sampling and concentration measurement by PID gas detectors arranged on upstream and downstream collecting pipes of the iodine adsorber system, and automatically recording upstream and downstream concentration values, wherein the single online sampling time is 10-300S;
s5, obtaining a curve of the concentration of the iodomethane tracer gas in the upstream and downstream air flows of the iodine adsorber against time according to the measured result, obtaining an integral area, and calculating the efficiency of the iodine adsorber according to a formula 1; wherein,
efficiency of
CdownDownstream sample concentration
Cup-downstream sample concentration.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910826518.3A CN110715975A (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Online measuring device and method for evaluating efficiency of iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide |
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| CN201910826518.3A CN110715975A (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Online measuring device and method for evaluating efficiency of iodine adsorber by using non-radioactive methyl iodide |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111398129A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-10 | 中国医学科学院放射医学研究所 | Novel qualitative online detection method for methyl iodide penetration filtering device and application thereof |
| CN112763572A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 辽宁红沿河核电有限公司 | Method and device for non-radioactive measurement of purification efficiency of iodine adsorber |
| CN114544108A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-05-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Multifunctional mobile iodine adsorber performance detection experiment system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111398129A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-10 | 中国医学科学院放射医学研究所 | Novel qualitative online detection method for methyl iodide penetration filtering device and application thereof |
| CN112763572A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 辽宁红沿河核电有限公司 | Method and device for non-radioactive measurement of purification efficiency of iodine adsorber |
| CN114544108A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-05-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Multifunctional mobile iodine adsorber performance detection experiment system |
| CN114544108B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-08-15 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Multifunctional mobile iodine adsorber performance detection experimental system |
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