CN113463644B - Suspension mounting method for suction pile jacket - Google Patents

Suspension mounting method for suction pile jacket Download PDF

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CN113463644B
CN113463644B CN202110769178.2A CN202110769178A CN113463644B CN 113463644 B CN113463644 B CN 113463644B CN 202110769178 A CN202110769178 A CN 202110769178A CN 113463644 B CN113463644 B CN 113463644B
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suction pile
jacket
inclination
buoyancy
water level
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CN113463644A (en
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李增军
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CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co Ltd
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CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/24—Foundations constructed by making use of diving-bells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for installing a jacket of a suction pile in a hoisting and floating manner, which comprises the following steps: determining the hoisting height Hl of the crane ship and the allowable maximum hoisting capacity L t And calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process according to the construction safety coefficient s c Or calculating the vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L to be applied c And the required minimum allowable suction pile water level hi min And further calculates the buoyancy L of the control crane in the lowering process f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o (ii) a Placing the suction pile jacket in water, and keeping a lifting hook of a crane ship connected with a lifting point of the suction pile jacket; lowering suction pile jacket by L f And Hi o Respectively controlling the buoyancy L of the real-time vertical crane s And real-time suction pile internal water level hi s And (4) until the jacket of the suction pile is lowered to a preset position. The method reduces the hoisting height by adopting a hoisting and floating mode, reduces the hoisting weight by means of the buoyancy of water, does not need to use a large-scale crane ship and a large-tonnage barge, and is favorable for reducing the construction cost.

Description

Suspension mounting method for jacket of suction pile
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale component water transportation and installation engineering, and particularly relates to a method for installing a jacket of a suction pile in a suspension manner.
Background
The suction pile jacket has the four outstanding advantages of quickness, economy, safety and environmental protection, and is widely used as an offshore wind power foundation. A conventional suction pile jacket 1 is constructed as shown in fig. 1, and includes a plurality of suction piles 102, and a jacket 101 supported over all of the suction piles. The suction pile 102 is generally a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, and the top of the structure is provided with a valve 1021, and the structure except the lower end is open and airtight.
A conventional suction pile jacket installation is shown in fig. 2, and typically involves unloading a suction pile jacket 1 from a large tonnage barge 3 carrying it, using a large tonnage crane vessel 2, and then positioning and installing it. However, since the unloading process starts from the deck of the barge 3, the required crane ship 2 has a large hoisting height and tonnage, and the construction cost is high.
In short, the traditional method for installing the jacket of the suction pile has the technical problems of needing to use a large crane ship and a large-tonnage barge and having high construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing method for installing the jacket of the suction pile, the invention provides a method for installing the jacket of the suction pile in a hoisting and floating mode, which reduces the hoisting height by adopting the hoisting and floating mode and reduces the hoisting weight by means of the buoyancy of water, so as to solve the technical problem that a large-scale crane ship and a large-tonnage barge are required to be used in the existing method for installing the jacket of the suction pile and facilitate the reduction of the construction cost.
The invention provides a method for installing a jacket of a suction pile in a suspension manner, which comprises the following steps:
determining technological parameters: according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile and the construction safety requirement, the required hoisting height Hl and the allowable maximum hoisting capacity L of the crane ship are determined t And a construction safety factor s; calculating a vertical suspension buoyancy critical value required to be applied to maintain stable floating of the suction pile conduit frame in the lowering process and a required minimum allowable water level in the suction pile, and respectively recording the values as L c And hi min (ii) a With L c The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the lifting force L of the lowering process control crane f To hi with min The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the water level minimum control height Hi in the suction pile in the lowering process o ；
Preparing before putting: placing a suction pile jacket in water, keeping a lifting hook of a crane ship connected to a lifting point of the suction pile jacket, opening a valve at the top of the suction pile to enable the water level in the suction pile to rise, and increasing the vertical lifting buoyancy provided by the crane ship to the suction pile jacket;
lowering a jacket of the suction pile: if Hi o <Hi, then when Hi s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t When the suction pile jacket is lowered, hi is controlled all the time in the lowering process s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t Until the suction pile jacket is lowered to a preset position; if Hi o More than or equal to Hi, filling water into the suction pile, lowering the jacket of the suction pile, and controlling L all the time in the lowering process s ≤L t Until the suction pile jacket is lowered to a preset position; wherein Hi is the total height of the inner cavity of the suction pile, hi s For sucking the water level in the pile in real time, L s The buoyancy is real-time vertical suspension.
In some of these embodiments, the suction pile jacket includes a suction pile jacket body and a fitting connected to the suction pile jacket body, the fitting being a connection stiffener and/or a counterweight;
in the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating manner:
the step of determining the process parameters further comprises the following steps: calculating a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value required to be applied when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process and required to reach an allowable minimum water level in the suction pile guide pipe frame, and respectively recording the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value and the allowable minimum water level as L' jc And hi' jmin (ii) a Calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value required to be applied to maintain stable floating of the suction pile jacket after fittings are removed and a required minimum allowable water level in the suction pile, and respectively recording the critical values as L " jc And hi' jmin (ii) a Taking L' jc And L " jc The maximum value of the process control crane is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the buoyancy L of the process control crane for removing the accessories jf (ii) a Get hi' jmin And hi " jmin The maximum value in the process is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the process of removing the fittings jo ；
In the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the preset position is a fitting removing position;
the method comprises the following steps of releasing the fittings after the step of placing the jacket of the suction pile, wherein the step of releasing the fittings comprises the following steps: removing the fittings at the fitting removing position by using removing equipment installed on the suction pile guide pipe frame body, and placing the suction pile guide pipe frame to the installing position after the fittings are removed; if Hi jo <Hi, then in the course of removing fittings and placing the suction pile guide pipe frame to the mounting position, it is always controlled s ≥Hi jo And L is jf ≤L s ≤L t (ii) a If Hi jo Not less than Hi, the suction pile is always kept in a full water state and L is controlled in the process of removing the fittings and putting the suction pile guide pipe frame to the installation position s ≤L t 。
In some embodiments, in the step of determining process parameters, 0 to hw is added max Dividing the depth of water into a plurality of depth sections, and respectively calculating a vertical lift buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating when the suction pile jacket is lowered to the lowest part of each depth section c And the required water level hi in the pile that allows the minimum suction force min The vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the depth section c Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the buoyancy L of the lowering process control crane corresponding to the depth section f The water level hi in the pile corresponding to the minimum allowable suction force by the depth section min Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o (ii) a Wherein, hw max The maximum water depth at the position where the suction pile jacket is installed; in the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the jacket of the suction pile is controlled to lift buoyancy L in each depth section according to the lowering process corresponding to the depth section f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o Real-time vertical hoisting buoyancy L for respectively controlling suction pile jacket s And real-time suction pile internal water level hi s 。
In some of the embodiments described herein, the first and second,
the acting point of the resultant force of the vertical upward acting force on the suction pile jacket with balanced vertical stress is taken as a floating center;
the action point of the resultant force of the vertical downward action force on the suction pile jacket with balanced vertical stress is taken as the gravity center;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the floating center and fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static floating center;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the gravity center and fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static gravity center;
Taking the connecting line of the balance static floating center and the balance static gravity center as a mandrel;
taking a plane which is determined by a section formed by sectioning the suction pile jacket stressed in the vertical direction along the hydrostatic surface and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket as a vertical balanced water section;
when the suction pile jacket inclines, the included angle between the mandrel and the vertical direction is used as an inclination angle;
when the guide pipe frame of the suction pile inclines, a vertical plane passing through the mandrel is used as an inclined plane;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance, the vertical projection of the floating center on the inclined surface is used as an inclined floating center;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance, the vertical projection of the gravity center on an inclined plane is used as an inclined gravity center;
when the suction pile jacket inclines, the intersection point of a plumb line and a mandrel, which passes through the inclined gravity center, is used as an inclined center of swing;
taking the distance from the inclination pivot center to the balance static floating center as the height of the inclination gravity center, wherein when the balance static floating center is below the inclination pivot center, the height of the inclination gravity center is a positive value, and otherwise, the height of the inclination gravity center is a negative value;
when the suction pile jacket inclines, the intersection point of a plumb line inclined to the floating center and the mandrel is used as a fixed inclination center;
taking the distance from the fixed inclination center to the balance static floating center as a fixed inclination radius, wherein when the fixed inclination center is above the balance static floating center, the fixed inclination radius is a positive value, and otherwise, the fixed inclination radius is a negative value;
The difference value obtained by subtracting the inclination gravity center height from the fixed inclination radius is used as the fixed inclination height;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, the vertical distance from the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket to a still water surface is used as the freeboard height, when the still water surface is located below the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket, the freeboard height is a positive value, and otherwise, the freeboard height is a negative value;
taking the part of the freeboard submerged in water when the guide pipe frame of the suction pile inclines as the freeboard infiltration height;
in the step of determining process parameters, calculating the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The steps are as follows:
(101) Establishing a coordinate system: establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system which is fixed relative to the position of the suction pile jacket by taking a mandrel when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state as a Y axis, taking a leaning surface when the suction pile jacket inclines as an X-Y plane, taking any point on the mandrel as an original point and taking the direction pointing from the original point to the inclination direction of the suction pile jacket as the positive direction of the X axis;
(102) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket which is inclined and is in vertical stress balance in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-2 surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in the balance static state and the inclined state in the lowering process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000051
Figure BDA0003152020220000052
In the formulae (1) and (2), V 1 The volume of water discharged from the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1 surface, V 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 surface, of the jacket of the suction pile is Go, the gravity of the jacket of the suction pile in the lowering process is L, the vertical lifting buoyancy in the lowering process is L, and the volume weight of water is gamma;
(103) Respectively determining the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest part of each depth section, selecting the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest part of any depth section as a set water entry depth hw, setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the lowering process in the horizontal plane, and setting the inclination azimuth angles to be within the range of 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the lowering process within the range; wherein, theta max In order to allow the maximum inclination angle, the method is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety;
(104) Calculating the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L =0 in formula (1) to obtain V corresponding to the condition that the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 And setting the water depth hw to determine the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket, and recording the water level as hi min1 ；
According to the shape and the size of the inner cavity of the suction pile jacket, the allowable maximum inclination angle theta of the suction pile jacket is obtained max Minimum water level hi in suction pile for preventing air sealed and stored in suction pile from overflowing from bottom of suction pile during inclination min2 ；
Get hi min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level is used as the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the water depth hw is set in the lowering process min0 ；
(105) At hi min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile jacket in the lowering process within the range of-Hi;
(106) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (105) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(107) Calculating the vertical lifting buoyancy L and the freeboard infiltration height d corresponding to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set inclination azimuth angle beta and the set water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and specifically comprising the following steps:
Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile conduit frame are all determined, according to the set water penetration depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile, the V corresponding to the set water penetration depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile of the suction pile conduit frame is obtained 1 Simultaneous equations (1) and (2) to obtain V 2 ＝V 1 A V is measured 2 Substituting Go and gamma into a formula (2) to obtain the required vertical crane buoyancy L;
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined according to V 2 Setting the water entry depth hw, setting the inclination azimuth angle beta, setting the inclination angle theta and setting the water level hi in the suction pile, and determining the corresponding topsides infiltration height d of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile;
(108) Determining the position of the W-X-Z-2 surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the freeboard immersion height d obtained by calculation in the step (107);
(109) Calculating the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process, and specifically comprising the following steps:
dividing the suction pile guide pipe frame by the W-X-Z-2 surface determined in the step (108), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the position of the suction pile guide pipe frame in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated when the water body is drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the centroid coordinates (Xo, yo, zo) of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame;
The coordinates of a lifting point of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile are (Xn, yn and Zn), the coordinates of a floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are marked as (Xb, yb and Zb), and the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000061
substituting the buoyancy Fo, the centroid coordinates (Xo, yo, zo), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L obtained by calculation in the step (107) into the formula (3), and obtaining the floating center coordinates (Xb, yb, zb) after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein if the corresponding inclined floating center coordinates are (Xb, yb, 0), and if the corresponding fixed inclination center coordinates are (0, yp, 0), yp = Yb + Xb/tan θ;
according to the structure, shape, size and material of the suction pile jacket, the vertical downward acting force applied to the suction pile jacket and the position of the suction pile jacket in a coordinate system, determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket is (Xg, yg and Zg), the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg, yg and 0), and the corresponding inclined pendulum center coordinate is (0, ypg, 0), so that Ypg = Yg + Xg/tan theta;
calculating and obtaining the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process according to a formula (4), wherein the expression of the formula (4) is as follows:
hp＝Yp-Ypg (4)；
(110) Sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta from the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta set in the step (103), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta in the same state and keep the positive direction of the X axis always pointing to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept relative to the suction pile guide frame when the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed every time, and repeating the steps (107) to (109) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed every time;
(111) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta set in the step (103), and repeating the steps (107) to (110) after each change;
(112) Sequentially changing the water level hi in the suction pile from the water levels hi in the suction piles set in the step (105), and repeating the steps (107) to (111) after each change;
(113) Determining a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set water entry depth hw, a set inclination azimuth angle beta, a set inclination angle theta, a set suction pile internal water level hi and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L, freeboard infiltration height d and fixed inclination height hp are recorded as a lowering process data set, all the lowering process data sets with the same set water entry depth hw and the same set suction pile internal water level hi are recorded as a lowering process data set, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta and different inclination azimuth angles beta in the lowering process data set is used as the lower process data setThe minimum value hp of the fixed inclination height corresponding to the process data set f ；
Screening out hp from all acquired data sets of the lowering process f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical hoisting buoyancy L with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process in the screened lowering process data set c (ii) a Wherein, hp a The height is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of a suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety degree;
if vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L c Corresponding to only one lowering process data set, and taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L c The corresponding water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process data set is used as the water level hi in the suction pile which is allowed to be minimum and corresponds to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process min (ii) a If vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L c Corresponding to a plurality of lowering process data sets, taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c The maximum value of the water level hi in the suction pile in all the corresponding lowering process data sets is used as the allowable minimum suction pile water level hi corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process min ；
(114) Sequentially changing the selected depth sections in all the depth sections, taking the entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of the newly selected depth section as a new set entry depth hw after each change, repeating the steps (104) to (113), and calculating to obtain the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min 。
In some embodiments, in the process parameter determining step, a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to the condition that the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process is calculated' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The steps are as follows:
(201) By calculating L c And hi min A time three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(202) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket at the highest point and in a balanced static state as a W-X-Z-1' surface in the fitting removing process; recording a vertical balanced water profile as a W-X-Z-2' surface when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process, the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000091
Figure BDA0003152020220000092
in formulas (5) and (6), V' 1 Volume of water V ' drained for the portion of suction pile jacket below W-X-Z-1' face ' 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2', of the suction pile jacket is shown, gj is the gravity of the suction pile jacket body, gw is the gravity of an accessory, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the accessory removing process, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(203) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the accessory removing process, wherein the inclination azimuth angles are 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the accessory removing process within the range;
(204) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L ' =0 in equation (5) be used to determine V ' corresponding to the case where no vertical hoisting buoyancy is applied ' 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, according to the corresponding V 'when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied' 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Determining the water level in the suction pile of the corresponding suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording the water level as hi' min1 ；
Get hi' min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level difference is used as the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 ；
(205) Hi' min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the accessory removing process within a range of-Hi;
(206) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta ', selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination angle theta ', and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (205) as a set water level hi ' in the suction pile;
(207) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination angle theta ', setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', and setting a vertical lifting buoyancy L ' and a topsides infiltration height d ' corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket of the suction pile are all determined, the maximum underwater penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V ' corresponding to the set water level hi ' in the suction pile ' 1 Combining formulas (5) and (6) to obtain V' 2 ＝V′ 1 V is' 2 Substituting Gj, gw and gamma into a formula (6) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L';
according to V 'under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined' 2 Maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta' and a water level hi 'in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides infiltration height d' of the suction pile jacket;
(208)according to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (207), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(209) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', and setting a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
dividing the suction pile guide pipe frame by the W-X-Z-2 'surface determined in the step (208), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained from the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the position of the suction pile guide pipe frame in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and determining the buoyancy Fo 'generated when the water body is drained from the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo', zo ') of the water body drained from the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame;
the coordinate of the lifting point of the suction pile jacket is (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied is (Xb ', yb ', zb '), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000101
substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo ', zo '), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L ' obtained by calculation in the step (207) into a formula (7), and obtaining the buoyancy coordinates (Xb ', yb ', zb ') after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein the corresponding inclination buoyancy coordinates are (Xb ', yb ', 0), and the corresponding inclination center coordinates are (0, yp ', 0), so that Yp ' = Yb ' + Xb '/tan theta ';
Determining the barycentric coordinate of the suction pile jacket body as (Xj, yj, zj), determining the fitting gravity action point coordinate with the highest position possibly appearing in the fitting removing process as (Xw ', yw', zw '), determining the barycentric coordinate when the barycentric of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process as (Xg', yg ', zg'), and then establishing the following equation according to the force system equivalent relationship:
Figure BDA0003152020220000111
substituting the gravity Gj of the suction pile jacket body, the gravity center coordinate (Xj, yj, zj) of the suction pile jacket body, the accessory gravity Gw and the coordinate (Xw ', yw ', zw ') of an accessory gravity action point with the highest position possibly appearing in the accessory removing process into a formula (8), obtaining the gravity center coordinate (Xg ', yg ', zg ') when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process, wherein the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg ', yg ', pg 0), and the corresponding inclined pendulum center coordinate is (0, ypg ', 0), so that Yy ' = Yg ' + Xg '/tan theta ';
calculating and obtaining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process according to the formula (9) max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ', and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (9) is as follows:
hp′＝Yp′-Ypg′ (9)；
(210) Sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' from the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (203), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' coincident and the positive direction of the X axis always points to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide frame under the condition that the positions of the origin and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system relative to the suction pile guide frame are not changed when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed, and repeating the steps (207) to (209) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed each time;
(211) Changing the set inclination angle theta 'in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (203), and repeating the steps (207) to (210) after each change;
(212) In the water level hi 'in the suction pile set in the step (205), sequentially changing the set water level hi' in the suction pile, and repeating the steps (207) to (211) after each change;
(213) Determining a corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'when the gravity center of a suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set inclination azimuth angle β ', a set inclination angle θ', a set suction pile water level hi 'and corresponding vertical lifting buoyancy L', a freeboard infiltration height d 'and a set inclination height hp' are recorded as a set removal process data set, all the set removal process data sets having the same set suction pile water level hi 'are recorded as a set removal process data set, and the minimum value of the set inclination heights hp' corresponding to different set inclination angles θ 'and different inclination azimuth angles β' in the set removal process data set is taken as the set inclination height minimum value hp 'corresponding to the set removal process data set' f ；
From all the obtained release process data sets, hp 'was screened' f ≥hp a Selecting the minimum non-negative vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' as the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L ' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process in the screened removing process data set ' jc ；
If vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to only one removal process data set' jc Corresponding suction pile internal water level hi ' in the release process data set is taken as corresponding allowable minimum suction pile internal water level hi ' when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the fitting release process ' jmin (ii) a If vertical crane buoyancy critical value L' jc Corresponding to a plurality of removal process data sets, taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L' jc The maximum value of the water level hi ' in the suction pile in all corresponding relieving process data sets is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in the suction pile when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the relieving process ' jmin 。
In some embodiments, in the step of determining the process parameters, the corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after the fittings are removed is calculated " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The steps are as follows:
(301) By calculating L c And hi min A time three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(302) Recording a vertical balanced water section of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state after the fittings are removed as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket body which is inclined after the fittings are removed and is in vertical stress balance as a W-X-Z-2' surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state and an inclined state after the accessories are removed are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000121
Figure BDA0003152020220000122
in formulas (10) and (11), V " 1 The volume of water discharged from the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 'surface, V' 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the vertical lifting buoyancy force after fittings are removed is L', and the volume weight of water is gamma;
(303) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the jacket body of the suction pile inclines after the accessories are removed and setting the inclination azimuth angles to be between 0 and theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles when the suction pile jacket body inclines after the accessories are removed in the range;
(304) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the corresponding suction pile " min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L "=0 in formula (10), obtain corresponding V when not exerting vertical hang buoyancy" 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied " 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Determining the water level in the suction pile of the corresponding suction pile jacket body, and recording as hi " min1 ；
Get hi " min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water is taken as the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the set inclination angle theta' min0 ；
(305) In hi " min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket body within a range of-Hi;
(306) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (305) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(307) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination angle theta, setting an inclination azimuth angle beta and setting a vertical lifting buoyancy L and a topsides infiltration height d corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are all determined, the maximum water penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V corresponding to the water level hi' in the suction pile " 1 Simultaneous equations (10) and (11) to obtain V ″) 2 ＝″ 1 A V' 2 Substituting Gj and gamma into a formula (11) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L';
according to V, under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined " 2 Maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta ' and a water level hi in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides infiltration height d ' of the jacket body of the suction pile;
(308) According to the maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting the inclination azimuth angle beta', setting the inclinationDetermining the position of the W-X-Z-2 ' surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the angle theta ' and the freeboard infiltration height d ' obtained by calculation in the step (307);
(309) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ' and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
dividing the suction pile jacket body by the W-X-Z-2 ' surface determined in the step (308), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface and the position of the water body in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated by the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface and the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo ', zo ') of the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface;
The coordinates of the lifting point of the jacket body of the suction pile are (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinates of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are (Xb ", yb", zb "), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000141
substituting the buoyancy Fo ", the centroid coordinates (Xo", yo ", zo"), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L "obtained by calculation in the step (307) into a formula (12), and obtaining the floating center coordinates (Xb", yb ", zb") after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein the corresponding inclined floating center coordinates are (Xb ", yb", 0), and the corresponding inclination center coordinates are (0, yp ", 0), and Yp" = Yb "+ Xb"/tan theta ";
determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket body is (Xj, yj, zj), the corresponding inclination gravity center coordinate is (Xj, yj, 0), and recording the corresponding inclination swing center coordinate as (0, ypg ", 0), so that Ypg" = Yj + Xj/tan theta ";
calculating and obtaining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed according to a formula (13) max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ', and setting a fixed inclination corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pileHeight hp ", the expression of equation (13) is:
hp″＝Yp″-Ypg″ (13)；
(310) Sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' in the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (303), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide pipe frame body at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' coincident and the positive direction of the X axis always points to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide pipe frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept relative to the suction pile guide pipe frame body when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed every time, and repeating the steps (307) to (309) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed every time;
(311) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (303), and repeating the steps (307) to (310) after each change;
(312) Changing the water level hi in the suction pile in sequence among the plurality of water levels hi' in the suction pile set in the step (305), and repeating the steps (307) to (311) after each change;
(313) Determining corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after removing fittings " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set inclination angle beta ', a set inclination angle theta ', a set suction pile internal water level hi ' and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L ', a freeboard infiltration height d ' and a fixed inclination height hp ' are recorded as a data set after removal, all data sets after removal with the same set suction pile internal water level hi ' are recorded as a data set after removal, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp ' corresponding to different set inclination angles theta ' and different inclination azimuth angles beta ' in the data set after removal is taken as the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp ' corresponding to the data set after removal " f ；
From all the obtained relieved data sets, hp' was selected " f ≥hp a In the screened data set after the removal, the vertical hoisting buoyancy L 'with the minimum non-negative value is selected as the vertical hoisting buoyancy L' corresponding to the removed accessory Critical value L of suspension buoyancy " jc ；
If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to only one released data group " jc The corresponding water level hi' in the suction pile in the data group after the removal is taken as the corresponding water level hi in the suction pile with the minimum allowable suction after the removal of the fittings " jmin (ii) a If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Corresponding to a plurality of removed data sets, taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The maximum value of the water level hi 'in the suction pile in all the corresponding data groups after the removal is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi' in the suction pile after the removal of the fittings " jmin 。
The invention also provides another method for installing the jacket of the suction pile in a suspension manner, which comprises the following steps:
determining technological parameters: according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the suction pile jacket and the construction safety requirement, the required hoisting height Hl and the allowable maximum hoisting capacity L of the crane ship are determined t And construction safety factor s; calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c With L c The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the lifting force L of the lowering process control crane f (ii) a According to the vertical stress balance, calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket to achieve the lowering process and controlling the hoisting buoyancy L f The water level in the suction pile required by the time is used as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o ；
Preparing before lowering: placing a suction pile jacket in water, keeping a lifting hook of a crane ship connected to a lifting point of the suction pile jacket, opening a valve at the top of the suction pile to raise the water level in the suction pile, and increasing the vertical lifting buoyancy provided by the crane ship to the suction pile jacket;
lowering a jacket of the suction pile: if Hi o <Hi, then when Hi s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t When the suction pile jacket is lowered, hi is controlled all the time in the lowering process s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t Until the suction pile jacket is lowered to a preset position; if Hi o Not less than Hi, filling water into the suction pile, lowering the jacket of the suction pile, and controlling L all the time in the lowering process s ≤L t Until the suction pile jacket is lowered to a preset position; wherein Hi is the total height of the inner cavity of the suction pile, hi s For sucking the water level in the pile in real time, L s The buoyancy is real-time vertical suspension.
In some of these embodiments, the suction pile jacket includes a suction pile jacket body and a fitting connected to the suction pile jacket body, the fitting being a connection stiffener and/or a counterweight;
the method for installing the jacket of the suction pile in a suspension manner comprises the following steps:
the step of determining the process parameters further comprises the following steps: calculating a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value required to be applied when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process and the required allowable minimum water level in the suction pile jacket for maintaining stable floating, and respectively recording the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value and the required allowable minimum water level as L' jc And hi' jmin (ii) a Calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value required to be applied to maintain stable floating of the suction pile jacket after fittings are removed and a required minimum allowable water level in the suction pile, and respectively recording the critical values as L " jc And hi' jmin (ii) a Taking L' jc And L " jc The maximum value of the process control crane is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the buoyancy L of the process control crane for removing the accessories jf (ii) a Get hi' jmin And hi' jmin The maximum value of the height is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the accessory removing process jo ；
In the step of lowering the suction pile jacket, the preset position is a fitting removing position;
still include after the step of transferring the suction pile jacket and remove the accessory step, remove the accessory step and specifically do: removing the fittings at the fitting removing position by using removing equipment installed on the suction pile jacket body, and placing the suction pile jacket to the installing position after the fittings are removed; if Hi jo <Hi, then in the course of removing fittings and placing the suction pile guide pipe frame to the mounting position, it is always controlled s ≥Hi jo And L is jf ≤L s ≤L t (ii) a If Hi jo Not less than Hi, the suction pile is always kept in a full water state and L is controlled in the process of removing the fittings and putting the suction pile guide pipe frame to the installation position s ≤L t 。
In some of these embodiments, in the step of determining process parameters, 0 to hw will be used max Dividing the depth of water into a plurality of depth sections, and respectively calculating a vertical lift buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating when the suction pile jacket is lowered to the lowest part of each depth section c The vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the depth section c Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the buoyancy L of the lowering process control crane corresponding to the depth section f (ii) a According to the stress balance in the vertical direction, calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy L of the suction pile jacket to be lowered to the lowest part of the depth section and controlling the hoisting buoyancy L in the lowering process when the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket reaches the corresponding depth section f The water level in the suction pile required by the time is used as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o (ii) a Wherein, hw max The maximum water depth at the position where the suction pile jacket is installed; in the step of lowering the suction pile jacket, the suction pile jacket is controlled to lift buoyancy L in each depth section according to the lowering process corresponding to the depth section f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o Real-time vertical hoisting buoyancy L for respectively controlling suction pile jacket s And real-time suction pile internal water level hi s 。
In some of the embodiments described herein, the first and second,
the acting point of the resultant force of the vertical upward acting force on the suction pile jacket with balanced vertical stress is taken as a floating center;
The action point of the resultant force of the vertical downward acting force on the suction pile jacket with the balanced vertical stress is taken as the gravity center;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the floating core and fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static floating core;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the gravity center and fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static gravity center;
taking the connecting line of the balance static floating center and the balance static gravity center as a mandrel;
a plane which is determined by a section formed by sectioning the suction pile jacket which is stressed and balanced in the vertical direction along the hydrostatic surface and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is taken as a vertical balanced water section;
when the suction pile jacket inclines, the included angle between the mandrel and the vertical direction is used as an inclination angle;
when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined, a vertical plane passing through the mandrel is used as an inclined plane;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance, the vertical projection of the floating center on the inclined surface is used as an inclined floating center;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance, the vertical projection of the gravity center on an inclined plane is used as an inclined gravity center;
When the suction pile jacket inclines, the intersection point of a plumb line and a mandrel, which passes through the inclined gravity center, is used as an inclined center of swing;
taking the distance from the inclination pivot center to the balance static floating center as the height of the inclination gravity center, wherein when the balance static floating center is below the inclination pivot center, the height of the inclination gravity center is a positive value, and otherwise, the height of the inclination gravity center is a negative value;
when the suction pile jacket inclines, the intersection point of a plumb line inclined to the floating center and the mandrel is used as a fixed inclination center;
taking the distance from the fixed inclination center to the balance static floating center as a fixed inclination radius, wherein when the fixed inclination center is above the balance static floating center, the fixed inclination radius is a positive value, and otherwise, the fixed inclination radius is a negative value;
the difference value obtained by subtracting the inclination gravity center height from the fixed inclination radius is used as the fixed inclination height;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, the vertical distance from the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket to a still water surface is taken as the freeboard height, and when the still water surface is positioned below the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket, the freeboard height is a positive value, otherwise, the freeboard height is a negative value;
taking the part of the freeboard submerged in water when the jacket of the suction pile inclines as the freeboard infiltration height;
in the step of determining process parameters, calculating the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections c Comprises the following steps:
(101) Establishing a coordinate system: taking a mandrel of a suction pile jacket in a balanced static state as a Y axis, taking an inclined surface of the suction pile jacket when the suction pile jacket inclines as an X-Y plane, taking any point on the mandrel as an original point, and taking a direction pointing from the original point to the inclined direction of the suction pile jacket as a positive direction of the X axis, and establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with fixed position relative to the suction pile jacket;
(102) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket which is inclined and is in vertical stress balance in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-2 surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in the balance static state and the inclined state in the lowering process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000191
Figure BDA0003152020220000192
in the formulae (1) and (2), V 1 The volume of water discharged from the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1 surface, V 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 surface, of the jacket of the suction pile is Go, the gravity of the jacket of the suction pile in the lowering process is L, the vertical lifting buoyancy in the lowering process is L, and the volume weight of water is gamma;
(103) Respectively determining the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest part of each depth section, selecting the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest part of any depth section as a set water entry depth hw, setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the lowering process in the horizontal plane, and setting the inclination azimuth angles to be within the range of 0-theta max Within-range suction pile guide pipe frame is set in lowering processA plurality of different inclination angles when the slope is generated; wherein, theta max In order to allow the maximum inclination angle, the method is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety;
(104) Calculating the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L =0 in formula (1) to obtain the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 And setting the water entry depth hw to determine the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording the water level as hi min1 ；
According to the shape and the size of the inner cavity of the suction pile jacket, the allowable maximum inclination angle theta of the suction pile jacket is obtained max Minimum water level hi in suction pile for preventing air sealed and stored in suction pile from overflowing from bottom of suction pile during inclination min2 ；
Get hi min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level is used as the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the water depth hw is set in the lowering process min0 ；
(105) At hi min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile jacket in the lowering process within a range of Hi, wherein Hi is the total height of an inner cavity of the suction pile;
(106) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (105) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(107) Calculating the vertical lifting buoyancy L and the freeboard infiltration height d corresponding to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set inclination azimuth angle beta and the set water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and specifically comprising the following steps:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile conduit frame are all determined, according to the set water penetration depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile, the V corresponding to the set water penetration depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile of the suction pile conduit frame is obtained 1 Simultaneous equations (1) and (2) to obtain V 2 ＝V 1 Will V 2 Substituting Go and gamma into a formula (2) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L;
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined according to V 2 Setting the water inlet depth hw, setting the inclination azimuth angle beta, setting the inclination angle theta and setting the water level hi in the suction pile, and determining the corresponding topsides infiltration height d of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile;
(108) Determining the position of the W-X-Z-2 surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the freeboard immersion height d obtained by calculation in the step (107);
(109) Calculating the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process, and specifically comprising the following steps:
dividing the suction pile guide pipe frame by the W-X-Z-2 surface determined in the step (108), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the position of the suction pile guide pipe frame in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated when the water body is drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the centroid coordinates (Xo, yo, zo) of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame;
the coordinate of the lifting point of the suction pile jacket is (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied is (Xb, yb, zb), and the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000201
substituting the buoyancy Fo, the centroid coordinates (Xo, yo, zo), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L obtained by calculation in the step (107) into the formula (3), and obtaining the floating center coordinates (Xb, yb, zb) after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein if the corresponding inclined floating center coordinates are (Xb, yb, 0), and if the corresponding fixed inclination center coordinates are (0, yp, 0), yp = Yb + Xb/tan θ;
According to the structure, shape, size and material of the suction pile jacket, the vertical downward acting force applied to the suction pile jacket and the position of the suction pile jacket in a coordinate system, determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket is (Xg, yg and Zg), the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg, yg and 0), and the corresponding inclined pendulum center coordinate is (0, ypg, 0), so that Ypg = Yg + Xg/tan theta;
calculating and obtaining the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process according to a formula (4), wherein the expression of the formula (4) is as follows:
hp＝Yp-Ypg (4)；
(110) Sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta from the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta set in the step (103), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept unchanged relative to the position of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed, keeping the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system to be coincident with the inclined plane of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set inclination azimuth angle beta is set and the positive direction of the X axis to be always directed to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and repeating the steps (107) to (109) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed;
(111) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta set in the step (103), and repeating the steps (107) to (110) after each change;
(112) Sequentially changing the water level hi in the suction pile among the water levels hi in the suction pile set in the step (105), and repeating the steps (107) to (111) after changing each time;
(113) Determining a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set water depth hw, a set inclination azimuth angle beta, a set inclination angle theta, a set water level hi in the suction pile and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy are setL, the freeboard infiltration height d and the fixed inclination height hp are recorded as a lowering process data set, all the lowering process data sets with the same set water entry depth hw and the same set water level hi in the suction pile are recorded as a lowering process data set, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta and different inclination azimuth angles beta in the lowering process data set is taken as the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to the lowering process data set f ；
Screening out hp from all the obtained data sets of the lowering process f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical lifting buoyancy L with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical lifting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process in the screened lowering process data set c (ii) a Wherein, hp a The height is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of a suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety degree;
(114) Sequentially changing the selected depth sections in all the depth sections, taking the entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of the newly selected depth section as a new set entry depth hw after each change, repeating the steps (104) to (113), and calculating to obtain the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c 。
In some embodiments, the determining process parameters step controls the crane buoyancy L according to a lowering process of a depth section f Calculating the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o The method comprises the following specific steps:
the lowering process is controlled by the crane buoyancy L f Substituting into formula (1), calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket to reach the lowering process control hoisting buoyancy L f V corresponding to time 1 And under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket reaches the lowering process control hoisting buoyancy L f V corresponding to time 1 And the water inlet depth of the lowest part of the depth section, determining the water level in the suction pile of the corresponding suction pile jacket, namely the water level is correspondingly lowered by the depth section Minimum control height Hi of water level in distance-suction pile o 。
In some embodiments, in the process parameter determining step, a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to the condition that the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process is calculated' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The steps are as follows:
(201) By calculating L c A time three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(202) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket at the highest point and in a balanced static state as a W-X-Z-1' surface in the fitting removing process; recording a vertical balanced water profile as a W-X-Z-2' surface when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process, the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000231
Figure BDA0003152020220000232
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in formulas (5) and (6), V' 1 Volume of water V ' drained for the portion of suction pile jacket below W-X-Z-1' face ' 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2', of the suction pile jacket is shown, gj is the gravity of the suction pile jacket body, gw is the gravity of an accessory, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the accessory removing process, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(203) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the horizontal plane when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the accessory removing process at 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the accessory removing process within the range;
(204) Calculating the maximum underwater penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L ' =0 in equation (5) be used to determine V ' corresponding to the case where no vertical hoisting buoyancy is applied ' 1 According to V 'corresponding to the condition that the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined' 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Determining the water level in the suction pile of the corresponding suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording the water level as hi' min1 ；
Get hi' min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level difference is used as the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 ；
(205) In hi' min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the accessory removing process within a range of-Hi;
(206) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta ', selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination angle theta ', and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (205) as a set water level hi ' in the suction pile;
(207) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination angle theta ', setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', and setting a vertical lifting buoyancy L ' and a topsides infiltration height d ' corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are all determined, the maximum water penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V ' corresponding to set water level hi ' in suction pile ' 1 Simultaneous formula(5) And (6) to obtain V' 2 ＝V′ 1 V is' 2 Substituting Gj, gw and gamma into a formula (6) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L';
according to V 'under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined' 2 Maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta' and a water level hi 'in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides infiltration height d' of the suction pile jacket;
(208) According to the maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (207), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(209) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', and setting a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
dividing the suction pile guide pipe frame by the surface W-X-Z-2 'determined in the step (208), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained from the part below the surface W-X-Z-2' of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the position of the suction pile guide pipe frame in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and determining the buoyancy Fo 'generated by the part below the surface W-X-Z-2' of the suction pile guide pipe frame in draining the water body and the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo' and Zo ') of the water body drained from the part below the surface W-X-Z-2' of the suction pile guide pipe frame;
the coordinate of the lifting point of the suction pile jacket is (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied is (Xb ', yb ', zb '), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000241
substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo ', zo '), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L ' obtained by calculation in the step (207) into a formula (7), and obtaining the buoyancy center coordinates (Xb ', yb ', zb ') after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein the corresponding inclined buoyancy center coordinates are (Xb ', yb ', 0), and the corresponding inclination center coordinates are (0, yp ', 0), so Yp ' = Yb ' + Yb '/tan theta ';
Determining the barycentric coordinate of the suction pile jacket body as (Xj, yj, zj), determining the coordinate of the fitting gravity action point with the highest position possibly appearing in the fitting removing process as (Xw ', yw', zw '), and determining the barycentric coordinate of the suction pile jacket at the highest point in the fitting removing process as (Xg', yg ', zg'), and then establishing the following equation according to the force system equivalent relation:
Figure BDA0003152020220000251
substituting the gravity Gj of the suction pile jacket body, the gravity center coordinate (Xj, yj, zj) of the suction pile jacket body, the accessory gravity Gw and the coordinate (Xw ', yw ', zw ') of an accessory gravity action point with the highest position possibly appearing in the accessory removing process into a formula (8), obtaining the gravity center coordinate (Xg ', yg ', zg ') when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process, wherein the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg ', yg ', pg 0), and the corresponding inclined pendulum center coordinate is (0, ypg ', 0), so that Yy ' = Yg ' + Xg '/tan theta ';
calculating and obtaining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process according to the formula (9) max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', setting a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (9) is as follows:
hp′＝Yp′-Ypg′ (9)；
(210) Sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' from the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (203), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' coincident and the positive direction of the X axis always points to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide frame under the condition that the positions of the origin and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system relative to the suction pile guide frame are not changed when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed, and repeating the steps (207) to (209) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed each time;
(211) Changing the set inclination angle theta 'in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (203), and repeating the steps (207) to (210) after each change;
(212) In the water level hi 'in the suction pile set in the step (205), sequentially changing the set water level hi' in the suction pile, and repeating the steps (207) to (211) after each change;
(213) Determining a corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'when the gravity center of a suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set inclination azimuth β ', a set inclination θ', a set suction pile water level hi 'and corresponding vertical lifting buoyancy L', freeboard saturation height d 'and set inclination height hp' are defined as a release process data set, all release process data sets having the same set suction pile water level hi 'are defined as a release process data set, and the minimum value of the set inclination angles θ' and the set inclination heights hp 'corresponding to the different inclination azimuth angles β' in the release process data set is defined as the minimum value hp 'of the set inclination heights corresponding to the release process data set' f ；
From all the obtained release process data sets, hp 'was screened' f ≥hp a Selecting the minimum non-negative vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' as the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L ' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process in the screened removing process data set ' jc ；
If vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to only one removal process data set' jc Corresponding suction pile internal water level hi ' in the release process data set is taken as corresponding allowable minimum suction pile internal water level hi ' when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the fitting release process ' jmin (ii) a If vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Corresponding to a plurality of relieveTaking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'from a stroke data set' jc The maximum value of the water level hi ' in the suction pile in all corresponding relieving process data sets is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in the suction pile when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the relieving process ' jmin 。
In some embodiments, in the step of determining the process parameters, the corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after the fittings are removed is calculated " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin Comprises the following steps:
(301) By calculating L c A time three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(302) Marking a vertical balanced water section when the suction pile jacket body is in a balanced static state after the fittings are removed as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket body which is inclined after the fittings are removed and is in vertical stress balance as a W-X-Z-2' surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state and an inclined state after the accessories are removed are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000261
Figure BDA0003152020220000262
in formulas (10) and (11), V " 1 The volume of water drained from the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 'surface, V' 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the vertical lifting buoyancy force after fittings are removed is L', and the volume weight of water is gamma;
(303) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the jacket body of the suction pile inclines after the accessories are removed and setting the inclination azimuth angles to be between 0 and theta max A plurality of different inclination angles are set within the range when the jacket body of the suction pile tilts after the accessories are removed;
(304) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the corresponding suction pile " min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L "=0 in formula (10) and obtain corresponding V when vertical crane buoyancy is not applied" 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied " 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Determining the water level in the suction pile of the corresponding suction pile jacket body, and recording as hi " min1 ；
Get hi " min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water inlet depth is used as the maximum water inlet depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the set inclination angle theta' min0 ；
(305) In hi " min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket body within a range of-Hi;
(306) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (305) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(307) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination angle theta, setting an inclination azimuth angle beta and setting a vertical lifting buoyancy L and a topsides infiltration height d corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are all determined, the maximum water penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V corresponding to the water level hi' in the suction pile " 1 Simultaneous equations (10) and (11) to obtain V ″) 2 ＝″ 1 Will V " 2 Substituting Gj and gamma into formula (11) to obtain the required verticalUpward buoyancy L ";
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, the structure is V-shaped " 2 Maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta ' and a water level hi in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides infiltration height d ' of the jacket body of the suction pile;
(308) According to the maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (307), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(309) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ' and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
dividing the suction pile jacket body by the W-X-Z-2 ' surface determined in the step (308), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface and the position of the water body in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated by the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface and the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo ', zo ') of the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface;
The coordinates of the lifting point of the jacket body of the suction pile are (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinates of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are (Xb ", yb", zb "), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000281
substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the centroid coordinate (Xo ', yo ', zo '), the suspension point coordinate (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L ' obtained by the calculation in the step (307) into a formula (12) to obtain a buoyancy center coordinate (Xb) after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, yb ", zb"), the corresponding inclination floating center coordinate is (Xb ", yb", 0), and the corresponding inclination fixed center coordinate is (0, yp ", 0), yp" = Yb "+ Xb"/tan θ ";
determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket body is (Xj, yj, zj), the corresponding inclination gravity center coordinate is (Xj, yj, 0), and recording the corresponding inclination swing center coordinate as (0, ypg ", 0), so that Ypg" = Yj + Xj/tan theta ";
calculating and obtaining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed according to a formula (13) max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ', and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (13) is as follows:
hp″＝Yp″-Ypg″ (13)；
(310) Sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' in the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (303), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide pipe frame body at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' coincident and the positive direction of the X axis always points to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide pipe frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept relative to the suction pile guide pipe frame body when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed every time, and repeating the steps (307) to (309) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed every time;
(311) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (303), and repeating the steps (307) to (310) after each change;
(312) Changing the water level hi in the suction pile in sequence among the plurality of water levels hi' in the suction pile set in the step (305), and repeating the steps (307) to (311) after each change;
(313) Determining corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after removing fittings " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set inclination azimuth angle β ", a set inclination angle θ", a set suction pile internal water level hi ", and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L", freeboard saturation height d ", and fixed inclination height hp" are recorded as a data set after removal, and all data sets after removal having the same set suction pile internal water level hi "are recorded as a data set after removalTaking the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta and different inclination azimuth angles beta in the removed data set as the fixed inclination height minimum value hp corresponding to the removed data set " f ；
From all the obtained relieved data sets, hp was selected " f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical crane buoyancy L' with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the removed accessory in the screened removed data set " jc ；
If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Corresponding to only one released data group, and taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The corresponding water level hi' in the suction pile in the data group after the removal is taken as the corresponding water level hi in the suction pile with the minimum allowable suction after the removal of the fittings " jmin (ii) a If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Corresponding to a plurality of removed data sets, taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The maximum value of the water level hi 'in the suction pile in all the corresponding data groups after the removal is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi' in the suction pile after the removal of the fittings " jmin 。
In some of these embodiments, the lifting point of the suction pile jacket is located no lower than the center of gravity of the suction pile jacket.
In some of these embodiments, the mounting point of the fitting of the suction pile jacket is located no higher than the center of gravity of the suction pile jacket body.
Based on the technical scheme, the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating mode reduces the hoisting height, reduces the hoisting weight by means of the buoyancy of water, solves the technical problem that a large-scale crane ship and a large-tonnage barge are required in the traditional method for installing the suction pile jacket, and is beneficial to reducing the construction cost and the construction period.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art suction pile jacket, in which (a) is a schematic structural view of a suction pile jacket without a fitting, and (b) is a schematic structural view of a suction pile jacket with a fitting;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art suction pile jacket installation process;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a construction process of a jacket floating installation method of a suction pile according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of the hoisting heights of the method for installing the jacket of the suction pile according to the present invention and the existing method for installing the jacket of the suction pile;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a state of a suction pile jacket with a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system in a balanced and static state during lowering in the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a floating manner according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a state of a suction pile jacket with a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system tilting during lowering in the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a floating manner according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the equilibrium stationary center of buoyancy, equilibrium stationary center of gravity, inclination center of buoyancy, inclination center of gravity, inclination pivot center, and inclination center of the suction pile jacket of FIGS. 5 and 6 in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system X-Y plane;
Fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which a suction pile jacket is in a lowering process in a method for installing a suction pile jacket in a floating manner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating a state where a center of gravity of a suction pile jacket is at a highest point during fitting removal in a method for installing a suction pile jacket in a floating manner according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view illustrating a state of a suction pile jacket after a fitting is removed in a method for installing the suction pile jacket in a floating manner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure:
1. a suction pile jacket; 11. a suction pile jacket body; 101. a jacket; 102. a suction pile; 1021. a valve; 12. an accessory; 2. a crane vessel; 3. and (4) barges.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, terms are defined as follows:
The floating center is the acting point of the resultant of the vertical upward acting force on the floating body with the lead vertical stress balance;
the gravity center is the acting point of the resultant of the vertical downward acting force on the floating body with lead vertical stress balance;
the balance static floating center is a point which is superposed with the floating center and is fixed relative to the floating body when the floating body is in a balance static state;
the balance static gravity center is a point which is superposed with the gravity center and fixed relative to the floating body when the floating body is in a balance static state;
the mandrel is a connecting line of the balance static floating center and the balance static gravity center;
the vertical balanced water section of lead is a plane which is determined by a section formed by sectioning the vertically stressed balanced floating body along the still water surface and is fixed relative to the floating body;
the inclination angle refers to an included angle between the mandrel and the vertical direction when the floating body inclines;
the inclined plane is a vertical plane passing through the mandrel when the floating body inclines;
the inclined floating center is the vertical projection of the floating center on an inclined surface when the floating body is inclined and is in stress balance in the vertical direction;
the inclined center of gravity is the vertical projection of the center of gravity on an inclined plane when the floating body is inclined and is in vertical stress balance;
the inclined center of gravity is the intersection point of a plumb line passing through the inclined center of gravity and the mandrel when the floating body inclines;
The inclination gravity center height refers to the distance from the inclination pivot center to the balance static floating center, when the balance static floating center is below the inclination pivot center, the inclination gravity center height is a positive value, and otherwise, the inclination gravity center height is a negative value;
the fixed inclination center is the intersection point of a plumb line which inclines to the floating center and the mandrel when the floating body inclines;
the fixed inclination radius rho is the distance from the fixed inclination center to the balance static floating center, and when the fixed inclination center is above the balance static floating center, the fixed inclination radius is a positive value, otherwise, the fixed inclination radius is a negative value;
the fixed inclination height is the difference obtained by subtracting the inclination gravity center height from the fixed inclination radius;
the freeboard height refers to the vertical distance from the highest point of the top of the floating body to the still water surface when the floating body is in a balanced static state, and when the still water surface is positioned below the highest point of the top of the floating body, the freeboard height is a positive value, otherwise, the freeboard height is a negative value;
the freeboard infiltration height refers to the part of the freeboard submerged when the floating body inclines.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for installing a suction pile jacket in a floating manner, including the following steps:
s1, determining process parameters: according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the suction pile jacket 1 and the construction safety requirement, the required hoisting height Hl and the allowed maximum hoisting capacity L of the crane ship 2 are determined t And a construction safety factor s; calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating of the suction pile jacket 1 in the lowering process c Or calculating the vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L required to be applied c And the required allowable minimum suction pile water level hi min And further calculates the buoyancy L of the control crane in the lowering process f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o ；
Wherein, the buoyancy L of the crane is controlled by calculating the lowering process f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o The process of (a) has two different paths:
path one: with L c The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the lifting force L of the lowering process control crane f To hi min And construction safetyThe product of the total coefficient s is used as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o ；
And a second route: with L c The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the lifting force L of the lowering process control crane f According to the stress balance in the vertical direction, the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket 1 is calculated to reach the lowering process, and the hoisting buoyancy L is controlled f The water level in the suction pile required by the time is used as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o 。
S2, preparation before lowering: the suction pile jacket 1 is placed in the water, the lifting hook of the crane ship 2 is kept connected to the lifting point of the suction pile jacket 1, the valve 1021 at the top of the suction pile 102 is opened to enable the water level in the suction pile to rise, and the vertical lifting buoyancy provided by the crane ship 2 to the suction pile jacket 1 is increased accordingly. It should be noted that, in order to obtain the value of the vertical crane buoyancy in real time, the crane ship 2 needs to be equipped with a crane force measuring device. Furthermore, the lifting hook of the crane ship 2 can be connected to the lifting point of the suction pile jacket 1, and then the suction pile jacket 1 is placed in water; or the suction pile jacket 1 can be placed in water, and then the lifting hook of the crane ship 2 is connected to the lifting point of the suction pile jacket 1. Furthermore, it should be noted that the lifting point of the suction pile jacket 1 should be located at a position not lower than the center of gravity of the suction pile jacket 1.
S3, lowering a jacket of the suction pile: if Hi o <Hi, then when Hi s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t When the suction pile jacket 1 is started to be lowered, hi is controlled all the time in the lowering process s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t So that the suction pile jacket 1 is always in a stable floating state until the suction pile jacket 1 is lowered to a preset position; if Hi o Not less than Hi, filling water into the suction pile 102, lowering the suction pile jacket 1, and controlling L all the time in the lowering process s ≤L t Enabling the suction pile jacket 1 to be in a stable floating state all the time until the suction pile jacket 1 is lowered to a preset position; wherein Hi is the total height of the inner cavity of the suction pile, hi s For sucking the water level in the pile in real time, L s The buoyancy is real-time vertical suspension.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a comparison of the hoisting heights of a suction pile jacket installation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention and an existing suction pile jacket installation method, where Hd is a difference in the hoisting heights. Therefore, the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating mode provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the hoisting height is reduced by adopting the hoisting and floating mode, the hoisting weight is reduced by means of the buoyancy of water, the technical problem that a large-scale crane ship and a large-tonnage barge are required in the traditional method for installing the suction pile jacket is solved, and the construction cost and the construction period are favorably reduced.
In order to realize the precise control of the buoyancy of the vertical crane in the lowering process, in some embodiments of the invention, in the step of determining the process parameters in the step S1, 0-hw is used max Dividing the water depth into a plurality of depth sections, and respectively calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating when the suction pile jacket 1 is lowered to the lowest part of each depth section c Or calculating the vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L to be applied c And the required allowable minimum suction pile water level hi min And further respectively calculating the corresponding lowering process control crane buoyancy L of each depth section f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o (ii) a S3, in the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the jacket 1 of the suction pile is in each depth section, and the buoyancy L of the crane is controlled according to the lowering process corresponding to the depth section f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o Real-time vertical hoisting buoyancy L for respectively controlling suction pile jacket 1 s And real-time suction pile internal water level hi s (ii) a Wherein, hw max The maximum water depth at the location where the suction pile jacket is installed. Aiming at the two different paths, calculating the corresponding lowering process control crane buoyancy L of each depth section f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o The specific processes of (1) are respectively as follows:
a first path: a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to a depth section c Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the buoyancy L of the lowering process control crane corresponding to the depth section f At the depth section corresponding to the allowable minimum suction pile waterBit hi min The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the water level minimum control height Hi in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o 。
And a second route: a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to a depth section c The product of the construction safety factor s and the construction safety factor s is used as the buoyancy L of the lowering process control crane corresponding to the depth section f According to the vertical stress balance, calculating the descending process control lifting buoyancy L that the suction pile jacket 1 is descended to the lowest part of the depth section and the vertical lifting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket 1 reaches the corresponding descending process control lifting buoyancy L of the depth section f The water level in the suction pile required by the time is used as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o 。
Further, referring to fig. 5 to 8, in the step of determining the process parameter in S1, vertical crane buoyancy critical values L corresponding to different depth sections are calculated c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The method comprises the following specific steps:
(101) Establishing a coordinate system: a mandrel when a suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state is taken as a Y axis, a leaning surface when the suction pile jacket inclines is taken as an X-Y plane, any point on the mandrel is taken as an original point, and a direction pointing from the original point to the inclined direction of the suction pile jacket is taken as the positive direction of the X axis, so that a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with a fixed position relative to the suction pile jacket is established.
(102) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket which is inclined and is in vertical stress balance in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-2 surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in the balance static state and the inclined state in the lowering process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000351
Figure BDA0003152020220000352
in the formulae (1) and (2), V 1 The volume of water discharged from the part of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 surface, V 2 The volume of water drained from the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface is shown as Go, the gravity of the suction pile jacket in the lowering process is shown as L, the vertical lifting buoyancy in the lowering process is shown as gamma, and the volume weight of the water is shown as gamma.
(103) Respectively determining the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of each depth section, selecting the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of any depth section as a set water entry depth hw, setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the descending process in the horizontal plane, and setting the inclination azimuth angles to be within the range of 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the lowering process within the range; wherein, theta max The maximum inclination angle is allowed to be determined according to the natural conditions of construction water areas, the shape, the size and the weight of a suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety.
In the present invention, the inclination azimuth may be 0 ° in the due north direction, or may be 0 ° in any inclination azimuth in the horizontal plane, and the inclination azimuth of the other inclination azimuth is defined by rotating in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
(104) Calculating the lowest value hi of water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. let L =0 in formula (1) to obtain the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 And setting the water depth hw to determine the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket, and recording the water level as hi min1 . It should be noted that V may be established if the suction pile jacket is regularly shaped in the portion below W-X-Z-1 and the geometric relationship may be used to determine the volume 1 Relation V between set water depth hw and water level hi in suction pile 1 ＝F v1 (hw, hi), V corresponding to the case where vertical lifting buoyancy is not applied 1 And the set water entry depth hw is substituted into the relational expressionThe corresponding water level in the suction pile can be obtained, namely hi min1 (ii) a If the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1 surface is irregular in shape and cannot use the geometric relationship to obtain the volume, drawing a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket in computer aided design software (CAD software), determining the W-X-Z-1 surface according to the set water entry depth hw, intercepting the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket by using the W-X-Z-1 surface to obtain the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1 surface, assuming the water level in the suction pile, intercepting an air cylinder in an inner cavity of the suction pile according to the assumed water level in the suction pile, combining the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1 surface with the air cylinder in the suction pile to obtain the water model arranged on the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1 surface, inquiring the volume of the water model by using the inquiring function of the CAD software, and if the volume of the water model corresponds to the volume of the vertical buoyancy of the water model when the suspended load is applied to the V, and the volume of the water model is not applied to the V suspended load, determining the volume by using the geometric relationship 1 If the water level in the suction pile is equal to the preset value, the water level in the suction pile is hi min1 And otherwise, adjusting the water level in the assumed suction pile until the volume of the water model is equal to the corresponding V when the vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied 1 And are equal.
b. According to the shape and the size of the inner cavity of the suction pile jacket, the allowable maximum inclination angle theta of the suction pile jacket is obtained max Minimum water level hi in suction pile for preventing air sealed and stored in suction pile from overflowing from bottom of suction pile during inclination min2 。
c. Get hi min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level is used as the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the water penetration depth hw and the inclination angle theta are set in the lowering process min0 。
(105) At hi min0 And setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process within the range of-Hi.
(106) Selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (105) as a set water level hi in the suction pile.
(107) Calculating the vertical lifting buoyancy L and the freeboard infiltration height d corresponding to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set inclination azimuth angle beta and the set water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and specifically comprising the following steps:
a. Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile conduit frame are all determined, according to the set water penetration depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile, the V corresponding to the set water penetration depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile of the suction pile conduit frame is obtained 1 Simultaneous equations (1) and (2) to obtain V 2 ＝V 1 Will V 2 And the Go and the gamma are substituted into the formula (2) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L. It should be noted that if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket below the surface W-X-Z-1 is regular and the volume can be determined by using geometric relationships, the set water depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile can be substituted into V established in step (104) 1 ＝F v1 (hw, hi), and further obtaining V corresponding to the set water depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the set water level hi in the suction pile 1 (ii) a If the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 surface is irregular in shape and cannot be used for obtaining the volume by using the geometric relationship, a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile guide pipe frame established by computer aided design software (CAD software) can be used, the W-X-Z-1 surface is determined according to the set water entry depth hw, the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile guide pipe frame is intercepted by using the W-X-Z-1 surface to obtain a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 surface, an air cylinder of an inner cavity of the suction pile is intercepted according to the set water level hi in the suction pile, the intercepted three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 surface and the air cylinder of the inner cavity of the suction pile can be obtained, the water model arranged on the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 surface can be obtained by combining the intercepted three-dimensional solid geometric model and the air cylinder of the inner cavity of the suction pile, the water model is obtained by utilizing the query function of the CAD software, and the water model of the water model, the suction pile guide pipe frame is obtained by querying the query function of the water model by the set water model of the water entry depth hw, namely the suction pile guide pipe frame at the set water depth hw-X-Z-1 surface 1 。
b. Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined according to V 2 Setting the water entry depth hw, setting the inclination azimuth angle beta, setting the inclination angle theta and setting the water level hi in the suction pile, and determining the corresponding topsides wetting height d of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile. It should be noted that V may be established if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface is regular and geometric relationships may be used to determine the volume 2 And the relation formula V between the set water penetration depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set water level hi in the suction pile and the dry board infiltration height d 2 ＝F v2 (d, hw, θ, hi), adding V 2 Setting the water inlet depth hw, setting the inclination angle theta, and setting the water level hi in the suction pile to be substituted into the relational expression to obtain the corresponding freeboard infiltration height d; if the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface is irregular in shape and cannot be used for obtaining the volume by using a geometric relation, drawing a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket in computer aided design software (CAD software), assuming a freeboard infiltration height, determining the W-X-Z-2 surface according to a set water entry depth hw, a set inclination angle theta and the assumed freeboard infiltration height, intercepting the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket by using the W-X-Z-2 surface to obtain the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface, intercepting a gas cylinder in an inner cavity of the suction pile according to a set water level hi in the suction pile, combining the intercepted three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface with the gas cylinder in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model opened by the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface, and inquiring the volume of the water model by using an inquiry function of the CAD software to obtain the water model, and the volume of the V volume of the water model 2 If the two are equal, the currently assumed freeboard infiltration height is the corresponding freeboard infiltration height d, otherwise, the assumed freeboard infiltration height is adjusted until the volume of the water body model is equal to the volume V 2 Are equal.
(108) And (4) determining the position of the W-X-Z-2 plane in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the freeboard immersion height d obtained by calculation in the step (107).
(109) Calculating the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process, and specifically comprising the following steps:
a. and (4) dividing the suction pile guide pipe frame by the W-X-Z-2 surface determined in the step (108), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame and the position of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated when the water body is drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and the coordinates (Xo, yo, zo) of the centroid Bo of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide pipe frame. Note that the buoyancy Fo is γ and V obtained in step (107) 2 The product of (a).
b. The coordinates of a lifting point N of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile are (Xn, yn and Zn), the coordinates of a floating center B after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are marked as (Xb, yb and Zb), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000381
Substituting the buoyancy Fo, the coordinates (Xo, yo, zo) of the centroid Bo, the coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) of the suspension point N and the vertical suspension buoyancy L obtained by the calculation in the step (107) into a formula (3) to obtain the coordinates (Xb, yb, zb) of the buoyancy center B after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied; since the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the vertical line of the inclined plane is made by passing through the floating center B, and the vertical projection point of the inclined plane is an inclined floating center Bp, wherein the coordinates of the inclined floating center Bp are (Xb, yb, 0); and (3) making the over-inclined floating center Bp as a perpendicular line of the W-X-Z-2 surface, taking a point of intersection of the perpendicular line and the mandrel (namely the Y axis) as a fixed inclination center P, marking the coordinate of the fixed inclination center P as (0, yp, 0), and because the included angle between a straight line passing through the inclined floating center Bp and the fixed inclination center P and the Y axis is the inclination angle theta, yp = Yb + Xb/tan theta.
c. According to the structure, shape, size and material of the suction pile jacket, the vertical downward acting force applied to the suction pile jacket and the position of the suction pile jacket in a coordinate system, determining the coordinate of the gravity center G of the suction pile jacket as (Xg, yg and Zg), wherein the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, so that the vertical line passing through the gravity center G is the perpendicular line of the inclined plane, the vertical projection of the vertical projection on the inclined plane is an inclined gravity center Gp, and the coordinate of the inclined gravity center Gp is (Xg, yg and 0); the over-inclination gravity center Gp is a perpendicular line of a W-X-Z-2 plane, a point where the perpendicular line intersects with the spindle (namely a Y axis) is an inclination swing center Pg, the coordinate of the inclination swing center Pg is (0, ypg, 0), and the included angle between a straight line passing through the inclination gravity center Gp and the inclination swing center Pg and the Y axis is an inclination angle theta, so that Ypg = Yg + Xg/tan theta.
d. Calculating and obtaining the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process according to a formula (4), wherein the expression of the formula (4) is as follows:
hp＝Yp-Ypg (4)。
(110) And (3) sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta among the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta set in the step (103), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta in the same state and keep the positive direction of the X axis always pointing to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept unchanged relative to the suction pile guide frame when the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed, and repeating the steps (107) to (109) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed.
(111) And (4) sequentially changing the set inclination angle theta among the plurality of inclination angles theta set in the step (103), and repeating the steps (107) to (110) after each change.
(112) And (4) sequentially changing the water level hi in the suction pile among the plurality of water levels hi in the suction pile set in the step (105), and repeating the steps (107) to (111) after each change.
(113) Determining a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. in the calculated data, a set water depth hw, a set inclination azimuth angle beta, a set inclination angle theta, a set suction pile water level hi and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L, freeboard infiltration height d and fixed inclination height hp are recorded as a lowering process data set, and the data sets with the same set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta, the set suction pile water level hi and the corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L, freeboard infiltration height d and fixed inclination height hp are recorded as a lowering process data setRecording all the lowering process data sets of the water entry depth hw and the water level hi in the same set suction pile as a lowering process data set, taking the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta and different inclination azimuth angles beta in the lowering process data set as the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to the lowering process data set f 。
b. Screening out hp from all acquired data sets of the lowering process f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical hoisting buoyancy L with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process in the screened lowering process data set c (ii) a Wherein, hp a The height is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile and the requirement of the construction safety degree.
c. If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c Corresponding to only one lowering process data set, and taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L c The corresponding water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process data set is used as the water level hi in the suction pile which is allowed to be minimum and corresponds to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process min (ii) a If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c Corresponding to a plurality of lowering process data sets, taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c The maximum value of the water level hi in the suction pile in all the corresponding lowering process data sets is used as the allowable minimum suction pile water level hi corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process min 。
(114) Sequentially changing the selected depth sections in all the depth sections, taking the entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of the newly selected depth section as a new set entry depth hw after each change, repeating the steps (104) to (113), and calculating to obtain the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min 。
For the second path, it should be noted that only the critical value L of the buoyancy of the vertical crane needs to be calculated c Without calculating the allowable minimum suction pile water level hi min . It is also to be noted thatS1, in the step of determining the technological parameters, the buoyancy L of the crane is controlled according to the lowering process of a depth section f Calculating the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o The method comprises the following specific steps:
the lowering process is controlled by the crane buoyancy L f Substituting into formula (1), calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket 1 to reach the lowering process control hoisting buoyancy L f V corresponding to time 1 And under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket 1 are determined, the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket 1 is used for controlling the hoisting buoyancy L in the lowering process f V corresponding to time 1 And the water inlet depth at the lowest position of the depth section, determining the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket 1, namely the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o 。
Since the suction pile jacket 1 sometimes includes fittings 12 such as a connection reinforcement or a counterweight attached to the suction pile jacket body 11 in addition to the suction pile jacket body 11, these fittings 12 need to be removed and recovered after the suction pile jacket 1 is lowered to the bottom. Thus, some embodiments of the invention also provide a method of floating installation for a suction pile jacket 1 with fittings 12, which differs from the above-described method of floating installation in that:
(I) And the step of S1 determining the process parameters further comprises the following steps: calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'required to be applied when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket 1 is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process and the suction pile jacket 1 maintains stable floating' jc And minimum allowable suction pile internal water level hi 'required to be achieved' jmin (ii) a Calculating the vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L required to be applied to maintain stable floating of the suction pile jacket 1 after fittings are removed " jc And the minimum allowable suction pile water level hi that needs to be achieved " jmin (ii) a Taking L' jc And L " jc The maximum value in the process of removing the accessories is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the buoyancy L of the control crane in the process of removing the accessories jf (ii) a Get hi' jmin And hi' jmin The maximum value in the process is multiplied by the construction safety factor s to obtain the minimum control height of the water level in the suction pile in the process of removing the fittingsHi jo 。
And (II) in the step of lowering the suction pile jacket in the step S3, the preset position is a fitting release position.
(III) after the step of putting down the suction pile jacket S3, the method also comprises a step of removing fittings S4, wherein the step of removing fittings S4 specifically comprises the following steps: removing the fitting 12 at the fitting removing position by using a removing device installed on the suction pile jacket body 11, and after the fitting 12 is removed, placing the suction pile jacket 1 to the installation position; if Hi jo <Hi, then all the while removing the fitting and putting the suction pile jacket 1 to the installation position s ≥Hi jo And L is jf ≤L s ≤L t (ii) a If Hi jo Not less than Hi, the suction pile 103 is always kept in a full water state and L is controlled during the process of removing the fittings and putting the suction pile jacket 1 to the installation position s ≤L t 。
In the above embodiment, since the gravity center of the suction pile jacket 1 changes and the critical value of the vertical suspension buoyancy thereof changes during and after the fitting removal process, the gravity center of the suction pile jacket 1 at the highest point and the buoyancy value after the fitting removal process are calculated respectively during and after the fitting removal process, so as to obtain the suspension buoyancy L for the fitting removal process control jf And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the fitting removing process jo By means of L jf And Hi jo The removing process is controlled, and the suction pile jacket can be ensured to be in a stable floating state in the fitting removing process.
In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the mounting point of fitting 12 of suction pile jacket 1 is located at a position not higher than the center of gravity of suction pile jacket body 11. Further, the fitting release operation may be performed with the suction pile jacket 1 in a floating state, with the fitting release position being located near the water bottom. Under the condition that the water bottom flatness and the bottom quality are allowed, a water bottom position with the water bottom flatness and the bottom quality meeting requirements can be selected as a part removing position, the suction pile jacket 1 with the parts 12 is sunk to the part removing position for operation, the water level in the suction pile 102 can be adjusted to reduce the buoyancy when the parts are removed so as to offset the reduction of the total gravity after the parts are removed, and the suction pile jacket 1 is lifted to the mounting position after the parts are removed. In addition, it should be noted that the demolition apparatus is embodied as a winch, and the method further includes a step of recovering the component 12 by using the winch after the component is released. In the process of removing the fittings and recovering the fittings, a pulley or a cable guide can be arranged at a position lower than the gravity center of the jacket 1 of the suction pile, so that a cable of the recovery fittings 12 is wound on the fixed pulley or the cable guide and then connected with a winch, and the lifting height of the gravity center in the process of removing the fittings is favorably reduced.
Specifically, referring to fig. 9, in the step of determining the process parameters in S1, a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to the condition that the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process is calculated' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The steps are as follows:
(201) By calculating L c And hi min A time three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
(202) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket at the highest point and in a balanced static state as a W-X-Z-1' surface in the fitting removing process; recording a vertical balanced water profile as a W-X-Z-2' surface when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process, the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000421
Figure BDA0003152020220000422
in formulas (5) and (6), V' 1 Volume of water V ' drained for the portion of suction pile jacket below W-X-Z-1' face ' 2 Arranged for the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-2' surfaceThe volume of boiled water, gj is the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile, gw is the gravity of an accessory, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the accessory removing process, and gamma is the volume weight of water.
(203) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the horizontal plane when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the accessory removing process at 0-theta max Within the range, a plurality of different inclination angles are set when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the accessory removing process.
(204) Calculating the maximum underwater penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. let L ' =0 in equation (5) be used to determine V ' corresponding to the case where no vertical hoisting buoyancy is applied ' 1 According to V 'corresponding to the condition that the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined' 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Determining the water level in the suction pile of the corresponding suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording as hi' min1 . It should be noted that, similar to step (104), if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface is regular and the geometric relationship can be used to calculate the volume, V ' can be established ' 1 And maximum water entry depth hw max And water level hi 'in suction pile' 1 ＝F′ v1 (hw max Hi ') corresponding V ' when vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied ' 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Substituting the relation to obtain corresponding water level in the suction pile, namely hi' min1 (ii) a If the shape of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface is irregular and the volume cannot be obtained by using the geometric relationship, a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket can be drawn in computer aided design software (CAD software), and the maximum underwater penetration depth hw is used max Determining a W-X-Z-1' surface, intercepting the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket by using the W-X-Z-1' surface to obtain the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface, assuming the water level in a suction pile, and intercepting according to the assumed water level in the suction pileCombining the three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 'surface with the air column body of the suction pile inner cavity to obtain a water model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1', inquiring by using an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, and if the volume of the water model is equal to the corresponding V 'when vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied' 1 Equal, the water level in the currently assumed suction pile is hi' min1 And conversely, adjusting the assumed water level in the suction pile until the volume of the water model is V 'corresponding to the situation that the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied' 1 Are equal.
b. Get hi' min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level difference is used as the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 。
(205) Hi' min0 Within the range of-Hi, a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the fitting removing process are set.
(206) Selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination angle beta ', selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination angle theta ', and selecting any water level in the suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (205) as a set water level hi ' in the suction pile.
(207) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination angle theta ', setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', and setting a vertical lifting buoyancy L ' and a topsides infiltration height d ' corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket of the suction pile are all determined, the maximum underwater penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max And setting water level h in the suction pilei 'corresponding V' 1 Simultaneous equations (5) and (6) to obtain V' 2 ＝V′ 1 V' 2 And Gj, gw and gamma are substituted into a formula (6) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L'. It should be noted that, similar to step (107), if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface is regular and the volume can be obtained by using geometric relationships, the maximum penetration depth hw can be obtained max And setting the water level hi ' in the suction pile to substitute V ' established in the step (204) ' 1 ＝F′ v1 (hw max Hi') to find the maximum penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V ' corresponding to set water level hi ' in suction pile ' 1 (ii) a If the shape of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface is irregular and the volume cannot be obtained by using the geometric relationship, a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket built by computer aided design software (CAD software) can be used according to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Determining a W-X-Z-1 'surface, intercepting the three-dimensional geometric model of the suction pile guide pipe frame by utilizing the W-X-Z-1' surface to obtain the three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 'surface, intercepting an air cylinder body in an inner cavity of the suction pile according to a set water level hi' in the suction pile, merging the intercepted three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 'surface with the air cylinder body in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model which is arranged at the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1' surface, and inquiring by utilizing an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, namely the volume of the water model of the suction pile guide pipe frame at the maximum water entry depth hw max V ' corresponding to set water level hi ' in suction pile ' 1 。
b. V 'under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined' 2 Maximum penetration depth hw max And setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta' and a water level hi 'in the suction pile, and determining the corresponding topsides wetting height d' of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile. It should be noted that, similar to step (107), if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2' surface is regular and the geometric relationship can be used to determine the volume, V ' can be established ' 2 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting a relation formula V 'between a set inclination angle theta', a set water level hi 'in the suction pile and a freeboard infiltration height d' 2 ＝F′ v2 (d′,hw max θ ', hi '), V ' 2 Maximum penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination angle theta ', setting a water level hi' in the suction pile, and substituting the inclination angle theta 'into the relational expression to obtain a corresponding freeboard infiltration height d'; if the shape of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2' surface is irregular and the volume cannot be obtained by using the geometric relation, a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket can be drawn in computer aided design software (CAD software), a freeboard infiltration height is assumed, and the suction pile jacket is positioned according to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Determining a W-X-Z-2 'surface by setting an inclination angle theta' and a supposed freeboard infiltration height, intercepting a three-dimensional solid geometric model of a suction pile guide pipe frame by using the W-X-Z-2 'surface to obtain a three-dimensional solid geometric model of a part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-2' surface, intercepting a suction pile inner cavity air cylinder according to a set water level hi 'in a suction pile, merging the intercepted three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-2' surface with the suction pile inner cavity air cylinder to obtain a water model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, and inquiring by using an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, wherein if the volume of the water model is equal to V' 2 If the two are equal, the currently assumed freeboard infiltration height is the corresponding freeboard infiltration height d ', otherwise, the assumed freeboard infiltration height is adjusted until the volume of the water model is equal to V' 2 Are equal.
(208) According to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (207), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
(209) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta', and a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, and specifically comprises the following steps:
a. and (4) dividing the suction pile guide frame by the surface W-X-Z-2' determined in the step (208), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained from the part below the surface W-X-Z-2' of the suction pile guide frame and the position of the suction pile guide frame in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo ' generated by the water body drained from the part below the surface W-X-Z-2' of the suction pile guide frame and the coordinates (Xo ', yo ' and Zo ') of the centroid Bo ' of the water body drained from the part below the surface W-X-Z-2' of the suction pile guide frame. Note that the buoyancy Fo ' is γ and V ' obtained in step (207) ' 2 The product of (a).
b. The coordinates of a lifting point N of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile are (Xn, yn and Zn), the coordinates of a floating center B 'after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are marked as (Xb', yb 'and Zb'), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000461
substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the coordinates (Xo', yo ', zo') of the centroid Bo ', the coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) of the lifting point N and the vertical lifting buoyancy L' obtained by calculation in the step (207) into a formula (7) to obtain the coordinates (Xb ', yb', zb ') of the floating center B' after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied; since the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the vertical line of the inclined plane is made by the over floating center B ', and the vertical projection point of the over floating center B' on the inclined plane is an inclined floating center Bp ', and the coordinates of the inclined floating center Bp' are (Xb ', yb', 0); the crossing inclined floating center Bp 'is taken as a perpendicular line of the W-X-Z-2' surface, the point of the perpendicular line intersecting the mandrel (namely the Y axis) is a fixed inclination center P ', the coordinate of the fixed inclination center P' is (0, yp ', 0), and the included angle between the straight line passing through the inclined floating center Bp' and the fixed inclination center P 'and the Y axis is the inclination angle theta', so that Yp '= Yb' + Xb '/tan theta'.
c. Determining the coordinate of the gravity center J of the suction pile jacket body as (Xj, yj, zj), determining the coordinate of the fitting gravity action point W 'with the highest position possibly appearing in the fitting removing process as (Xw', yw ', zw'), determining the coordinate of the gravity center G 'when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process as (Xg', yg ', zg'), and then establishing the following equation according to the force system equivalent relationship:
Figure BDA0003152020220000462
substituting the gravity Gj of the suction pile jacket body, the coordinates (Xj, yj, zj) of the gravity center J of the suction pile jacket body, the accessory gravity Gw and the coordinates (Xw ', yw', zw ') of an accessory gravity action point W' with the highest position possibly appearing in the accessory removing process into a formula (8), and obtaining the coordinates (Xg ', yg', zg ') of the gravity center G' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process; since the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the perpendicular line of the inclined plane is drawn through the gravity center G ', and the vertical projection of the inclined plane is an inclined gravity center Gp ', and the coordinates of the inclined gravity center Gp ' are (Xg ', yg ', 0); the over-inclination gravity center Gp 'is taken as a perpendicular line of a W-X-Z-2' plane, a point of intersection of the perpendicular line and the mandrel (namely, a Y axis) is an inclination swing center Pg ', the coordinate of the inclination swing center Pg' is recorded as (0, ypg ', 0), and since the included angle between a straight line passing through the inclination gravity center Gp' and the inclination swing center Pg 'and the Y axis is the inclination angle theta', ypg '= Yg' + Xg '/tan theta'.
d. Calculating and obtaining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process according to the formula (9) max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', setting a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (9) is as follows:
hp′＝Yp′-Ypg′ (9)。
(210) And (3) sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' among the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (203), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' coincident with each other and the positive direction of the X axis always points to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide frame under the condition that the positions of the origin and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system relative to the suction pile guide frame are kept unchanged when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed, and repeating the steps (207) to (209) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed each time.
(211) And (3) sequentially changing the set inclination angle theta 'among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (203), and repeating the steps (207) to (210) after each change.
(212) And (4) sequentially changing the set water level hi 'in the suction pile among the plurality of water levels hi' in the suction pile set in the step (205), and repeating the steps (207) to (211) after each change.
(213) Determining a corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'when the gravity center of a suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. in the calculated data, a set inclination azimuth angle β ', a set inclination angle θ', a set suction pile water level hi 'and corresponding vertical lifting buoyancy L', a freeboard infiltration height d 'and a set inclination height hp' are recorded as a set removal process data set, all the set removal process data sets having the same set suction pile water level hi 'are recorded as a set removal process data set, and the minimum value of the set inclination heights hp' corresponding to different set inclination angles θ 'and different inclination azimuth angles β' in the set removal process data set is taken as the set inclination height minimum value hp 'corresponding to the set removal process data set' f 。
b. From all the obtained release process data sets, hp 'was screened' f ≥hp a Selecting the minimum non-negative vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' as the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L ' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process in the screened removing process data set ' jc 。
c. If vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to only one removal process data set' jc Corresponding water level hi ' in suction pile in release process data set is taken as corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in suction pile when gravity center of suction pile guide pipe frame is at highest point in release fitting process ' jmin (ii) a If vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Corresponding to a plurality of removal process data sets, taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L' jc All corresponding release proceduresThe maximum value of water level hi ' in the suction pile in the data group is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in the suction pile when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the fitting removing process ' jmin 。
Specifically, referring to fig. 10, in the step of determining the process parameters in S1, the corresponding critical value L of the buoyancy of the vertical crane after the fittings are removed is calculated " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The steps are as follows:
(301) By calculating L c And hi min A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of time.
(302) Recording a vertical balanced water section of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state after the fittings are removed as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket body which is inclined after the fittings are removed and is in vertical stress balance as a W-X-Z-2' surface; respectively establishing the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the balance static state and the inclined state of the jacket body of the suction pile after the accessories are removed as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000481
Figure BDA0003152020220000482
In formulas (10) and (11), V " 1 The volume of water discharged from the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 'surface, V' 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the vertical lifting buoyancy force after fittings are removed is L', and the volume weight of water is gamma.
(303) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the jacket body of the suction pile inclines after the accessories are removed and setting the inclination azimuth angles to be between 0 and theta max A plurality of different inclination angles are set in the range when the suction pile jacket body inclines after the fittings are removed.
(304) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the corresponding suction pile " min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. let L "=0 in formula (10), obtain corresponding V when not exerting vertical hang buoyancy" 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied " 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Determining water level in suction pile of corresponding suction pile jacket body, and recording as hi " min1 . It should be noted that, similarly to step (104), if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 "plane is regular and the volume can be obtained by using the geometric relationship, V' can be established" 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max And the water level hi' in the suction pile 1 ＝F″ v1 (hw max Hi "), V 'corresponding to when no vertical hoisting buoyancy is to be applied' 1 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Substituting the relation to obtain the corresponding water level in the suction pile, namely hi " min1 (ii) a If the shape of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1' surface is irregular and the volume cannot be obtained by utilizing the geometric relationship, a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket body can be drawn in computer aided design software (CAD software), and the maximum water penetration depth hw is used max Determining a W-X-Z-1 ' surface, intercepting a three-dimensional solid geometric model of a suction pile jacket body by utilizing the W-X-Z-1 ' surface to obtain the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface, then assuming the water level in a suction pile, intercepting an air cylinder in an inner cavity of the suction pile according to the assumed water level in the suction pile, merging the intercepted three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface with the air cylinder in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model displaced from the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface, and inquiring by utilizing an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, wherein if the volume of the water model is equal to the corresponding V when the vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied " 1 Equal, the water level in the suction pile assumed at present is hi " min1 Otherwise, adjust falseDetermining the water level in the suction pile until the volume of the water model is equal to the corresponding V when the vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied " 1 And are equal.
b. Get hi " min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water is taken as the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the set inclination angle theta' min0 。
(305) In hi " min0 And setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction piles of the suction pile jacket body within the range of-Hi.
(306) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting any water level in the suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (305) as a set water level hi in the suction pile.
(307) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination angle theta, setting an inclination azimuth angle beta and setting a vertical suspension buoyancy L and a topsides infiltration height d corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
a. under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are all determined, the maximum water penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V corresponding to water level hi' in suction pile " 1 Simultaneous equations (10) and (11) to obtain V ″) 2 ＝″ 1 Will V " 2 And substituting the Gj and the gamma into a formula (11) to obtain the needed vertical hoisting buoyancy L'. It should be noted that, similar to step (107), if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 "surface is regular and the volume can be obtained by using geometric relationships, the maximum penetration depth hw can be obtained max And setting the water level hi 'in the suction pile to be substituted into the V' established in the step (204) 1 ＝F″ v1 (hw max Hi') to find the maximum depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max And setting the water in the suction pileBit hi 'corresponding V' 1 (ii) a If the shape of the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1' surface is irregular and the volume cannot be obtained by using the geometric relationship, a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the jacket body of the suction pile established by computer aided design software (CAD software) can be used according to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Determining a W-X-Z-1 'surface, intercepting a three-dimensional geometric model of a suction pile jacket body by utilizing the W-X-Z-1' surface to obtain the three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 'surface, intercepting an air cylinder body in an inner cavity of the suction pile according to a set water level hi' in the suction pile, combining the intercepted three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 'surface with the air cylinder body in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model which is opened by the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1' surface, and inquiring by utilizing an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, namely the volume of the maximum water entry depth hw of the suction pile jacket body max V corresponding to water level hi' in suction pile " 1 。
b. Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, the structure is V-shaped " 2 Maximum penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ' and setting a water level hi in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides wetting height d ' of the jacket body of the suction pile. It should be noted that, similarly to step (107), if the shape of the portion of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 "plane is regular and the volume can be obtained by using the geometric relationship, V can be established" 2 And maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination angle theta ', setting a relation V between a water level hi' in the suction pile and a freeboard infiltration height d 2 ＝F″ v2 (d″,hw max θ ", hi"), V " 2 Maximum penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination angle theta ', setting a water level hi' in the suction pile, and substituting the set water level hi 'into the relational expression to obtain a corresponding topsides soakage height d'; if the shape of the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-2' surface is irregular and the volume can not be obtained by utilizing the geometric relation, the soft design can be realized in a computer aided mannerDrawing a three-dimensional geometric model of a jacket body of a suction pile in a piece (CAD software), assuming a freeboard infiltration height, and according to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Determining a W-X-Z-2 ' surface, setting an inclination angle theta ' and a supposed board infiltration height, intercepting a three-dimensional geometric model of a suction pile jacket body by utilizing the W-X-Z-2 ' surface to obtain a three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface, intercepting a gas cylinder body in an inner cavity of the suction pile according to a set water level hi ' in the suction pile, combining the intercepted three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface with the gas cylinder body in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model which is drained from the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface, and inquiring by utilizing an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, wherein if the volume of the water model and the volume of the V model are the same " 2 If the water model is equal to the preset water model, the currently assumed freeboard infiltration height is the corresponding freeboard infiltration height d ', otherwise, the assumed freeboard infiltration height is adjusted until the volume of the water model is equal to V' 2 Are equal.
(308) According to the maximum depth of penetration hw max And (4) setting an inclination azimuth angle beta, setting an inclination angle theta and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by the calculation in the step (307), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
(309) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ' and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
a. and (4) dividing the suction pile jacket body by the W-X-Z-2 'surface determined in the step (308), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2' surface and the position of the water body in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated when the water body is drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, and taking the centroid coordinate of the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2' surface as the coordinate (Xo ', yo', zo ') of the buoyancy Bo' when the vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied. Note that the buoyancy Fo' is γ and step (307)) V obtained in (1) " 2 The product of (a).
b. The coordinate of the lifting point N of the jacket body of the suction pile is (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center B 'after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied is marked as (Xb', yb ', zb'), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000521
substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the coordinates (Xo', yo ', zo') of the centroid Bo ', the coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) of the suspension point N and the vertical suspension buoyancy L' obtained by the calculation in the step (307) into a formula (12) to obtain the coordinates (Xb ', yb', zb ') of the buoyancy center B' after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied; since the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the vertical line of the inclined plane is made through the floating center B ', the vertical projection point of the inclined plane is an inclined floating center Bp ', and the coordinates of the inclined floating center Bp ' are (Xb ', yb ', 0); the over-inclined floating center Bp "is taken as a perpendicular line of the W-X-Z-2" plane, the point where the perpendicular line intersects with the mandrel (i.e. the Y axis) is a fixed inclination center P ", the coordinate of the fixed inclination center P" is recorded as (0, yp ", 0), since the included angle between the Y axis and the straight line passing through the inclination floating center Bp ' and the fixed inclination center P ' is the inclination angle theta ', yp ' = Yb ' + Xb '/tan theta '.
c. Determining the coordinate of the gravity center J of the suction pile jacket body as (Xj, yj, zj), wherein the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, so that the vertical line passing through the gravity center J is made to be the vertical line of the inclined plane, the vertical projection of the gravity center J on the inclined plane is an inclined gravity center Gp ", and the coordinate of the inclined gravity center Gp" is (Xj, yj, 0); the over-center of gravity Gp "is taken as a perpendicular to the plane W-X-Z-2", the point where this perpendicular intersects the spindle (i.e., the Y axis) is the tilt pivot Pg ", the coordinates of the tilt pivot Pg" are expressed as (0, ypg ", 0), since the included angle between the straight line passing through the tendency gravity center Gp" and the tendency swing center Pg "and the Y axis is the tilt angle θ", ypg "= Yj + Xj/tan θ".
d. Calculating and obtaining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed according to a formula (13) max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ', and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (13) is as follows:
hp″＝Yp″-Ypg″ (13)。
(310) And (3) sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' among the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (303), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide pipe frame body at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' to be coincident with each other and the positive direction of the X axis to be always directed to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide pipe frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept relative to the suction pile guide pipe frame body when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed, and repeating the steps (307) to (309) after changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta '.
(311) The set inclination angle theta 'is changed in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in step (303), and steps (307) to (310) are repeated after each change.
(312) And (3) sequentially changing the set water level hi in the suction pile among the plurality of water levels hi' in the suction pile set in the step (305), and repeating the steps (307) to (311) after each change.
(313) Determining corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after removing fittings " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. in the calculated data, a set inclination azimuth angle beta ', a set inclination angle theta ', a set suction pile internal water level hi ' and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L ', freeboard saturation height d ' and fixed inclination height hp ' are recorded as a data set after removal, all data sets after removal with the same set suction pile internal water level hi ' are recorded as a data set after removal, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp ' corresponding to different set inclination angles theta ' and different inclination azimuth angles beta ' in the data set after removal is taken as the minimum value hp ' of the fixed inclination heights corresponding to the data set after removal " f 。
b. From all the obtained relieved data sets, hp was selected " f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical crane buoyancy L' with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the removed accessory in the screened removed data set " jc 。
c. If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Corresponding to only one released data group, and taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The corresponding water level hi' in the suction pile in the data group after the removal is taken as the corresponding water level hi in the suction pile with the minimum allowable suction after the removal of the fittings " jmin (ii) a If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Corresponding to a plurality of removed data sets, taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The maximum value of the water level hi 'in the suction pile in all the corresponding data groups after the removal is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi' in the suction pile after the removal of the fittings " jmin 。
The following describes the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a floating manner in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
A suction pile jacket with a connection reinforcement, the suction pile jacket being an axisymmetric cylindrical suction pile three-pile jacket, the suction pile jacket body weight being 1740t, the fitting being the connection reinforcement, the fitting weight being 120t, the fitting being connected to the suction pile jacket body in a down-setting state, the suction pile jacket weight being 1860t in a down-setting state.
A suspension mounting method of a jacket of a suction pile comprises the following steps:
s1, determining process parameters
S101: according to the natural conditions of construction water area, the shape size and weight of the suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety, the required hoisting height Hl of the crane ship is determined to be 70m, and the allowable maximum hoisting capacity L is determined t 1500t (i.e. 15000 kN) and a construction safety factor s of 1.2.
S102: maximum water depth hw at suction pile jacket installation position max Is 50m, 0 to hw max Dividing the depth of water between the sections into two depth sections of 0-15 m and 15-50 m, and respectively calculating a vertical lift buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating when the suction pile jacket is lowered to the lowest part of each depth section c And the required water level hi in the pile that allows the minimum suction force min The vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the depth section c Safety system for constructionThe product of the number s is used as the lowering process control crane buoyancy L corresponding to the depth section f The water level hi in the pile corresponding to the minimum allowable suction force by the depth section min Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o The calculation results are shown in Table 1.
Wherein, vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections is calculated c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The steps are as follows:
(101) Establishing a coordinate system: a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with fixed position relative to a suction pile jacket is established by taking a mandrel when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state as a Y axis, taking a leaning surface when the suction pile jacket inclines as an X-Y plane, taking a point on the mandrel which is parallel and level with the top of a suction pile as an original point and taking a direction pointing to the inclining direction of the suction pile jacket from the original point as the positive direction of the X axis.
(102) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket which is inclined and is in vertical stress balance in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-2 surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in the balance static state and the inclined state in the lowering process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000541
Figure BDA0003152020220000551
in the formulae (1) and (2), V 1 The volume of water discharged from the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1 surface, V 2 The volume of water drained from the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface is shown as Go, the gravity of the suction pile jacket in the lowering process is shown as L, the vertical lifting buoyancy in the lowering process is shown as gamma, and the volume weight of the water is shown as gamma.
(103) Determining the number of 0-15 m and 15-50 mThe water inlet depth corresponding to the lowest position of each depth section is 15m and 50m respectively, the water inlet depth corresponding to the lowest position of the depth section of 0-15 m is selected as the set water inlet depth hw, and the water inlet depth hw is set to be 15m; setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles (such as 0 degree and 90 degrees) when the suction pile guide frame is inclined in the lowering process in a horizontal plane by setting the azimuth angle of the axis of one cylindrical suction pile to be 0 degree; determining the allowed maximum inclination angle theta according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile and the construction safety requirement max Is 12 DEG and is between 0 and theta max The suction pile guide frame is set within a range of several different inclination angles (e.g. 5 deg. and 12 deg.) when it is inclined during lowering.
(104) Calculating the lowest value hi of water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. gravity Go of the suction pile jacket in the lowering state is = 18600kN, and gamma =10.21kN/m is taken 3 Let L =0 in formula (1) to obtain V corresponding to the condition that the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Is 1821.743m 3 (ii) a Determining the position of a W-X-Z-1 surface when the suction pile jacket is lowered to the set water penetration depth hw according to the set water penetration depth hw, and establishing a V under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are all determined 1 The relation between the set water depth hw and the water level hi in the suction pile is as follows:
V 1 ＝F v1 (hw,hi)＝3·π·[R 2 ·hw-r 2 ·hi]+V w (17)
wherein R is the outer radius of the suction pile, R is the inner radius of the suction pile, and V w Is the volume of the fitting;
will V 1 ＝1821.743m 3 、hw＝15m、R＝5m、r＝4.95m、V w ＝15.287m 3 Substituting into the above V 1 ＝F v1 (hw, hi) and the water level hi in the suction pile obtained is denoted as hi min1 Obtainable hi min1 ＝7.482m。
b. Since the inner cavity of the suction pile jacket adopted in the embodiment is cylindrical, the suction pileJacket according to allowable maximum inclination angle theta max Minimum water level hi in suction pile for preventing air sealed and stored in suction pile from overflowing from bottom of suction pile during inclination min2 Can be obtained by the following formula:
hi min2 ＝r·tan(θ max ) (18)
r =4.95m, θ max By substituting =12 ° into equation (18), hi can be obtained min2 ＝1.052m。
c. The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the water penetration depth hw is set in the lowering process min0 ＝max(hi min1 ，hi min2 )＝7.482m。
(105) The total height Hi of the inner cavity of the suction pile is 20m at Hi min0 The Hi range sets the water level in several different suction piles (e.g. 7.75m, 8.5m and 9 m) of the suction pile jacket during lowering.
(106) And setting an inclination azimuth angle beta to be 0 degrees, setting an inclination angle theta to be 5 degrees and setting a water level hi in the suction pile to be 8.5m in the lowering process.
(107) Calculating the vertical lifting buoyancy L and the freeboard infiltration height d corresponding to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set inclination azimuth angle beta and the set water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and specifically comprising the following steps:
a. mixing hw =15m, hi =8.5m, R =5m, R =4.95m, V w ＝15.287m 3 Substituted into the above
V 1 ＝F v1 (hw, hi) to obtain V corresponding to the set water depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile 1 ＝1586.668m 3 (ii) a Simultaneous equations (1) and (2) to obtain V 2 ＝V 1 ＝1586.668m 3 (ii) a Will V 2 And (3) substituting the Go and the gamma into the formula (2) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L =2400.124kN.
b. At a set inclination azimuth angle beta, establishing V 2 The relation among the set water depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set water level hi in the suction pile and the freeboard soakage height d is as follows:
V 2 ＝F v2 (d，hw，θ，hi)＝π·R 2 ·{(hw+d)+R·tanθ+2[hw+d-B·tanθ])-3π·r 2 ·hi+V w ＝π·R 2 ·[3(hw+d)+(R-2B)·tanθ]-3π·r 2 ·hi+V w (19)
Wherein, B is the distance between the foremost end and the rearmost end of the suction pile jacket in the X-axis direction;
will V 2 ＝1586.668m 3 、hw＝15m、θ＝5°、hi＝8.5m、R＝5m、r＝4.95m、V w ＝15.287m 3 And B =40.2175m into the above V 2 ＝F v2 In the relational expression (d, hw, θ, hi), the freeboard infiltration height d =2.2m of the corresponding suction pile jacket can be obtained.
(108) And (4) determining the position of the W-X-Z-2 surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the freeboard immersion height d obtained by calculation in the step (107).
(109) Calculating the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process, and specifically comprising the following steps:
a. dividing the suction pile guide pipe frame by the W-X-Z-2 surface determined in the step (108), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained from the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-2 surface and the position of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and obtaining the V obtained in the step (107) and the Y according to the buoyancy Fo generated when the suction pile guide pipe frame drains the water body below the W-X-Z-2 surface 2 The product of (a) and (b) is given as Fo =16199.876kN, the coordinates of the centroid Bo of the water body of the suction pile guide frame arranged below the W-X-Z-2 surface are marked as (Xo, yo, zo), and the coordinates of the centroid Bo are determined as (2.512, -9.912, 0).
b. The coordinate of the lifting point N of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile is marked as (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center B after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied is marked as (Xb, yb, zb), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000571
substituting the buoyancy Fo, the coordinates (2.512, -9.912, 0) of the centroid Bo, the coordinates (0, 57.5, 0) of the suspension point N and the vertical suspension buoyancy L obtained by the calculation in the step (107) into a formula (3), and obtaining the coordinates (2.187, -1.214, 0) of the buoyancy center B after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied; because the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the inclined floating center Bp is superposed with the floating center B, and the coordinate of the inclined floating center Bp is (2.187, -1.214, 0); the over-inclined floating center Bp is taken as a perpendicular line of a W-X-Z-2 surface, a point of intersection of the perpendicular line and a mandrel (namely a Y axis) is taken as a fixed inclination center P, the coordinate of the fixed inclination center P is taken as (0, yp, 0), and an included angle between a straight line passing through the over-inclined floating center Bp and the fixed inclination center P and the Y axis is taken as an inclination angle theta, so that Yp =23.802.
c. The coordinates of the gravity center J of the suction pile jacket body are (Xj, yj, zj), the coordinates of the gravity center W of the fitting are (Xw, yw, zw), and the coordinates of the gravity center G of the suction pile jacket are (Xg, yg, zg), then the following equations are established according to the force system equivalent relationship:
Figure BDA0003152020220000572
in the formula (20), gj is the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile, and Gw is the gravity of the fitting.
Substituting the gravity Gj = -17400kN of the suction pile jacket body, the coordinate (0, 14.14, 0) of the gravity center J of the suction pile jacket body, the gravity Gw = -1200kN of the accessory and the coordinate (0, -19, 0) of the gravity center W of the accessory into a formula (20), and obtaining the coordinate (0, 12.002, 0) of the gravity center G of the suction pile jacket; because the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the inclined gravity center Gp is superposed with the gravity center G, and the coordinates of the inclined gravity center Gp are (0, 12.002, 0); the over-tilt gravity center Gp is a perpendicular line of a W-X-Z-2 plane, a point where the perpendicular line intersects with a spindle (namely a Y axis) is a tilt swing center Pg, the coordinate of the tilt swing center Pg is recorded as (0, ypg, 0), and an included angle between a straight line passing through the tilt gravity center Gp and the tilt swing center Pg and the Y axis is an inclination angle theta, so that Ypg =12.002.
d. And calculating according to the formula hp = Yp-Ypg, and obtaining the fixed inclination height hp =11.8m corresponding to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set water level hi in the suction pile during the lowering process.
(110) And (4) sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta from the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta set in the step (103), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide pipe frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta in the same state and keep the positive direction of the X axis always pointing to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide pipe frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are not changed relative to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed, and repeating the steps (107) to (109) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed, wherein the results are detailed in a table 1.
(111) Among the plurality of inclination angles θ set in step (103), the set inclination angle θ is changed in sequence, and steps (107) to (110) are repeated after each change, with the results detailed in table 1.
(112) And (4) sequentially changing the set water level hi in the suction pile among the plurality of water levels hi in the suction pile set in the step (105), and repeating the steps (107) to (111) after each change, wherein the results are detailed in table 1.
(113) Determining a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. in the calculated data, a set water entry depth hw, a set inclination azimuth angle beta, a set inclination angle theta, a set suction pile internal water level hi and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L, freeboard infiltration height d and fixed inclination height hp are recorded as a lowering process data set, all the lowering process data sets with the same set water entry depth hw and the same set suction pile internal water level hi are recorded as a lowering process data set, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta and different inclination azimuth angles beta in the lowering process data set is used as the fixed inclination height minimum value hp corresponding to the lowering process data set f The results are detailed in table 1.
b. Determining the safe fixed inclination height hp according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the gravity of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile and the construction safety requirement a Is 2.3m; screening out hp from all acquired data sets of the lowering process f ≥hp a Selecting the minimum non-negative value in the selected data set of the transfer processThe vertical hoisting buoyancy L is used as the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c The results are detailed in table 1.
c. If vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L c Corresponding to only one lowering process data set, and taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L c The corresponding water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process data set is used as the water level hi in the suction pile which is allowed to be minimum and corresponds to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process min (ii) a If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c Corresponding to a plurality of lowering process data sets, taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c The maximum value of the water level hi in the suction pile in all the corresponding data sets of the lowering process is used as the allowable minimum water level hi in the suction pile corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process min (ii) a The specific results are detailed in table 1.
(114) Sequentially changing the selected depth sections in all the depth sections, taking the entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of the newly selected depth section as a new set entry depth hw after each change, repeating the steps (104) to (113), and calculating to obtain the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The specific results are detailed in table 1. It should be noted that when the water depth hw is set to 50m, the volume V of the water drained from the part of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile below the surface W-X-Z-1 is V 1 And the volume V of the water drained from the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2 surface 2 The method is obtained by drawing a three-dimensional geometric model in CAD software, and the specific method is as before, and is not described herein again.
TABLE 1L for example 1 c 、hi min 、L f And Hi o Result of calculation of (2)
Figure BDA0003152020220000601
S103: calculating the requirement for maintaining stable floating of the suction pile jacket when the center of gravity of the suction pile jacket is at the highest point in the fitting removing processThe applied vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value and the required allowable minimum suction pile water level are respectively marked as L' jc And hi' jmin Calculating L' jc And hi' jmin Comprises the following steps:
(201) By calculating L c And hi min A time three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
(202) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket at the highest point and in a balanced static state as a W-X-Z-1' surface in the fitting removing process; recording a vertical balanced water profile as a W-X-Z-2' surface when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process, the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000602
Figure BDA0003152020220000603
In formulas (5) and (6), V' 1 Volume of water V ' drained for the portion of suction pile jacket below W-X-Z-1' face ' 2 The volume of water drained from the part of the jacket of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-2', gj is the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile, gw is the gravity of an accessory, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the process of removing the accessory, and gamma is the volume weight of water.
(203) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles (for example, 0 degrees and 90 degrees) of the suction pile guide pipe frame in a horizontal plane when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the process of removing the fittings, wherein the inclination azimuth angles are between 0 and theta max Several different inclinations (e.g. 5 ° and 12 °) are set within the range when the suction pile guide frame is tilted during disarming.
(204) Suction pile jacket with center of gravity at highest point in fitting calculation and removal processForce pile conduit frame with maximum water penetration depth hw max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. the gravity Gj of the jacket body of the suction pile is = -17400kN, the gravity Gw of the accessory is = -1200kN, and the weight is gamma =10.21kN/m 3 Let L ' =0 in equation (5) to determine V ' corresponding to the case where vertical lifting buoyancy is not applied ' 1 Is 1821.743m 3 (ii) a Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, drawing a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket in computer aided design software (CAD software), and drawing the three-dimensional solid geometric model according to the maximum underwater penetration depth hw max Determining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max The method comprises the following steps of firstly, cutting a three-dimensional geometric model of a suction pile guide pipe frame by using a W-X-Z-1 'surface to obtain a three-dimensional geometric model of a part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1' surface, then, assuming a water level in a suction pile, cutting a suction pile inner cavity air cylinder according to the assumed water level in the suction pile, combining the cut three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1 'surface with the suction pile inner cavity air cylinder to obtain a water model of the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-1' surface, inquiring by using an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, and if the volume of the water model is equal to the corresponding V 'when vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied' 1 Equal, the current assumed water level in the suction pile is hi' min1 And conversely, adjusting the assumed water level in the suction pile until the volume of the water model is V 'corresponding to the situation that the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied' 1 Are equal and are adjusted for a plurality of times to obtain hi' min1 ＝15.536m。
b. When the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point, the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the maximum water penetration depth hw max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 ＝max(hi′ min1 ,hi min2 )＝15.536m。
(205) In hi' min0 Several different water levels (e.g. 17.60m, 17.76m and 18.04 m) in the suction pile jacket during the process of setting the disassembly within the Hi range.
(206) The set inclination azimuth angle beta ' in the process of removing the fittings is taken as 0 degree, the set inclination angle theta ' is taken as 5 degrees, and the set water level hi ' in the suction pile is taken as 17.60m.
(207) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination angle theta ', setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', and setting a vertical lifting buoyancy L ' and a topsides infiltration height d ' corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. the method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional solid geometric model of a suction pile jacket by using computer aided design software (CAD software), intercepting the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket by using a W-X-Z-1' surface to obtain the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface, intercepting an air cylinder in an inner cavity of a suction pile according to a set water level hi ' in the suction pile, combining the intercepted three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface with the air cylinder in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' surface, and inquiring by using the inquiry function of the computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model (namely the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket) max V ' corresponding to set water level hi ' in suction pile ' 1 ) Is 1345.180m 3 (ii) a Simultaneous formulas (5) and (6) to obtain V' 2 ＝V’ 1 ＝1345.180m 3 (ii) a V' 2 And substituting the Gj, the Gw and the gamma into the formula (6) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L' =4865.716kN.
b. A three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket drawn by computer aided design software (CAD software) assumes a freeboard infiltration height and is according to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Determining a W-X-Z-2 'surface by setting an inclination angle theta' and an assumed freeboard infiltration height, intercepting the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket by using the W-X-Z-2 'surface to obtain the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2' surface, intercepting an air cylinder body in the inner cavity of the suction pile according to a set water level hi 'in the suction pile, and positioning the intercepted suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2' surfaceMerging the divided three-dimensional geometric model with the suction pile inner cavity gas column body to obtain a water body model arranged at the part of the suction pile guide pipe frame below the W-X-Z-2', inquiring by using an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water body model, and if the volume of the water body model is equal to V' 2 If the two types of the water models are equal, the currently assumed freeboard infiltration height is the corresponding freeboard infiltration height d ', otherwise, the assumed freeboard infiltration height is adjusted until the volume of the water model is equal to V' 2 And (5) adjusting the height d' =2.2m after the freeboard soakage is equal for multiple times.
(208) According to the maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (207), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
(209) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the accessory removing process max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', and setting a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. dividing the suction pile guide frame by the W-X-Z-2 'surface determined in the step (208), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained from the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame and the position of the suction pile guide frame in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and according to the buoyancy Fo 'gamma generated by the water body drained from the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame and the V 'obtained in the step (207)' 2 The product of (c) and (d) can obtain Fo ' =13734.284kN, and the coordinates of the centroid Bo ' of the water body which is discharged from the part below the W-X-Z-2' of the suction pile guide frame are marked as (Xo ', yo ', zo '), and the coordinates of the centroid Bo ' are determined as (-0.194, 1.471, 0).
b. The coordinate of the lifting point N of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile is marked as (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center B 'after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied is marked as (Xb', yb ', zb'), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000631
Substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the coordinate (-0.194, 1.471, 0) of the centroid Bo', the coordinate (0, 57.5, 0) of the lifting point N and the vertical lifting buoyancy L 'obtained by the calculation in the step (207) into a formula (7) to obtain the coordinate (-0.143, 16.128, 0) of the floating center B' after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied; because the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the inclined floating center Bp ' is superposed with the floating center B ', and the coordinate of the inclined floating center Bp ' is (-0.143, 16.128, 0); the over-inclination floating center Bp ' is taken as a perpendicular line of the W-X-Z-2' surface, the point of intersection of the perpendicular line and the mandrel (namely the Y axis) is a fixed inclination center P ', the coordinate of the fixed inclination center P ' is taken as (0, yp ', 0), and since the included angle between a straight line passing through the over-inclination floating center Bp ' and the fixed inclination center P ' and the Y axis is the inclination angle theta ', yp ' =14.492.
c. The coordinates of the gravity center J of the suction pile jacket body are recorded as (Xj, yj, zj), the coordinates of the fitting gravity action point W 'with the highest position possibly occurring in the fitting removing process are recorded as (Xw', yw ', zw'), and the coordinates of the gravity center G 'when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process are recorded as (Xg', yg ', zg'), so that the following equation is established according to the equivalent relationship of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000632
substituting the gravity Gj of the suction pile jacket body which is not less than-17400 kN, the coordinate (0, 14.14,0) of the gravity center J of the suction pile jacket body, the accessory gravity Gw which is not less than-1200 kN, and the coordinate (0, 2.5,0) of the accessory gravity action point W 'which is possibly positioned at the highest position in the accessory removing process into a formula (8), and obtaining the coordinate (0, 13.389,0) of the gravity center G' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the accessory removing process; since the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the inclined gravity center Gp ' is superposed with the gravity center G ', and the coordinates of the inclined gravity center Gp ' are (0, 13.389, 0); the over-tilt center of gravity Gp ' is taken as a perpendicular line of the W-X-Z-2' plane, a point where the perpendicular line intersects with the spindle (i.e., the Y axis) is a tilt center of gravity Pg ', coordinates of the tilt center of gravity Pg ' are taken as (0, ypg ', 0), and since an included angle between a straight line passing through the tilt center of gravity Gp ' and the tilt center of gravity Pg ' and the Y axis is a tilt angle θ ', ypg ' =13.389.
d、Calculating according to the formula hp ' = Yp ' -Ypg ' to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', and setting a fixed inclination height hp '=1.103m corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile.
(210) And (4) sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle β ' from among the plurality of inclination azimuth angles β ' set in the step (203), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system coincident with the inclination plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle β ' and the positive direction of the X axis always pointing to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide frame while keeping the original point of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the position of the Y axis relative to the suction pile guide frame unchanged each time the set inclination azimuth angle β ' is changed, and repeating the steps (207) to (209) each time the set inclination azimuth angle β ' is changed, with the result being detailed in table 2.
(211) Among the plurality of inclination angles θ 'set in step (203), the set inclination angle θ' is changed in sequence, and steps (207) to (210) are repeated after each change, with the results detailed in table 2.
(212) In the water level hi 'in the suction pile set in the step (205), the set water level hi' in the suction pile is changed in sequence, and the steps (207) to (211) are repeated after each change, and the results are detailed in table 2.
(213) Determining a corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'when the gravity center of a suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. recording a set inclination azimuth angle beta ', a set inclination angle theta', a set suction pile internal water level hi 'and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L', a freeboard saturation height d 'and a fixed inclination height hp' as a removal process data set, recording all removal process data sets with the same set suction pile internal water level hi 'as a removal process data set, and taking the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp' corresponding to different set inclination angles theta 'and different inclination azimuth angles beta' in the removal process data set as the fixed inclination height minimum value hp 'corresponding to the removal process data set' f The results are detailed in Table 2.
b. From all the obtained release process data sets, hp 'was screened' f ≥hp a Selecting the minimum non-negative vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' as the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L ' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process in the screened removing process data set ' jc The results are detailed in Table 2.
c. If vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to only one removal process data set' jc Corresponding water level hi ' in suction pile in release process data set is taken as corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in suction pile when gravity center of suction pile guide pipe frame is at highest point in release fitting process ' jmin (ii) a If vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Corresponding to a plurality of removal process data sets, taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L' jc The maximum value of the water level hi ' in the suction pile in all corresponding relieving process data sets is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in the suction pile when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the relieving process ' jmin (ii) a The specific results are detailed in table 2.
TABLE 2L 'corresponding to example 1' jc And hi' jmin Result of calculation of (2)
Figure BDA0003152020220000651
S104: calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value required to be applied to maintain stable floating of the suction pile jacket after fittings are removed and a required minimum allowable water level in the suction pile, and respectively recording the critical values as L " jc And hi' jmin Calculating L' jc And hi' jmin The steps are as follows:
(301) By calculating L c And hi min A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of time.
(302) Recording a vertical balanced water section of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state after the fittings are removed as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket body which is inclined after the fittings are removed and is in vertical stress balance as a W-X-Z-2' surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state and an inclined state after the accessories are removed are respectively established as follows:
Figure BDA0003152020220000661
Figure BDA0003152020220000662
In formulas (10) and (11), V " 1 The volume of water discharged from the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 'surface, V' 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile is Gj, the vertical lifting buoyancy force after fittings are removed is L', and the volume weight of water is gamma.
(303) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles (for example, 0 DEG and 90 DEG) between 0 DEG and theta when the jacket body of the suction pile inclines after the fittings are removed in the horizontal plane max Several different inclination angles (e.g. 5 ° and 12 °) are set within the range when the suction pile jacket body is inclined after the fittings are removed.
(304) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the corresponding suction pile " min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. the gravity Gj = -17400kN of a jacket body of the suction pile, and gamma =10.21kN/m is taken 3 Let L "=0 in formula (10) calculate V corresponding to no vertical suspension buoyancy" 1 Is 1704.21m 3 (ii) a Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, drawing a three-dimensional geometric model of the jacket body of the suction pile in computer aided design software (CAD software), and drawing the three-dimensional geometric model according to the maximum underwater penetration depth hw max Determining the maximum depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile in water max The position of the W-X-Z-1' surface is utilized to intercept the guide pipe frame book of the suction pileObtaining a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of a jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface by a three-dimensional solid geometric model, then assuming the water level in the suction pile, cutting an air column body in the inner cavity of the suction pile according to the assumed water level in the suction pile, combining the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface with the air column body in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model which is arranged on the part of the jacket body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface, and inquiring by using the inquiring function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, wherein if the volume of the water model and the corresponding V when vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied " 1 Equal, the water level in the suction pile assumed at present is hi " min1 Otherwise, the water level in the supposed suction pile is adjusted until the volume of the water model is equal to the corresponding V when the vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied " 1 Equal, adjusted several times to hi " min1 ＝15.980m。
b. Suction pile jacket body with removed fittings at maximum depth of penetration hw max The lowest value hi of water level in the suction pile corresponding to time min0 ＝max(hi″ min1 ,hi min2 )＝15.980m。
(305) In hi " min0 Several different suction pile internal water levels (e.g. 17.60m, 18.04m and 18.14 m) of the suction pile jacket body are set in the Hi range.
(306) After the fittings are removed, the inclination azimuth angle beta ' is set to be 0 degrees, the inclination angle theta ' is set to be 5 degrees, and the water level hi ' in the suction pile is set to be 17.60m.
(307) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination angle theta, setting an inclination azimuth angle beta and setting a vertical lifting buoyancy L and a topsides infiltration height d corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
a. the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket body is built by computer aided design software (CAD software), the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the suction pile jacket body is intercepted by the W-X-Z-1 surface to obtain the three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-1 surface,then, an air cylinder body in the inner cavity of the suction pile is cut out according to the set water level hi ' in the suction pile, a three-dimensional solid geometric model of the part of the cut-out guide pipe frame body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface is combined with the air cylinder body in the inner cavity of the suction pile to obtain a water model of the part of the guide pipe frame body of the suction pile below the W-X-Z-1 ' surface, and the volume of the water model (namely the volume of the suction pile guide pipe frame at the maximum water entry depth hw) is obtained by inquiring with the inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) max V corresponding to the water level hi' in the suction pile " 1 ) Is 1329.893m 3 (ii) a Simultaneous equations (10) and (11), to obtain V " 2 ＝V” 1 ＝1329.893m 3 (ii) a Will V " 2 And substituting the Gj and the gamma into the formula (11) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L "=3821.792kN.
b. A three-dimensional geometric model of a suction pile jacket body drawn by computer aided design software (CAD software) assumes a freeboard infiltration height and is according to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Determining a W-X-Z-2 'surface by setting an inclination angle theta' and an assumed freeboard infiltration height, intercepting a three-dimensional geometric model of a suction pile jacket body by using the W-X-Z-2 'surface to obtain a three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2' surface, intercepting a suction pile inner cavity gas cylinder according to a set water level hi 'in a suction pile, combining the intercepted three-dimensional geometric model of the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2' surface with the suction pile inner cavity gas cylinder to obtain a water model displaced from the part of the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, and inquiring by using an inquiry function of computer aided design software (CAD software) to obtain the volume of the water model, wherein if the volume of the water model and the V' of the water model are the same " 2 If the water model is equal to the preset water model, the currently assumed freeboard infiltration height is the corresponding freeboard infiltration height d ', otherwise, the assumed freeboard infiltration height is adjusted until the volume of the water model is equal to V' 2 And (5) adjusting the height d' =2.2m of the freeboard infiltration for multiple times.
(308) According to the maximum depth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by the calculation in the step (307), and determining that the W-X-Z-2' surface is onPosition in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
(309) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ' and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
a. dividing the suction pile jacket body by the W-X-Z-2 ' surface determined in the step (308), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface and the position of the suction pile jacket body in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and taking the buoyancy Fo ' generated by the water body drained by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2 ' surface as gamma and the V ' obtained in the step (307) " 2 The product of (a) and (b), which can be obtained as Fo "=13578.208kN, the coordinates of the centroid Bo" of the water body which is arranged below the W-X-Z-2 "of the suction pile jacket body are marked as (Xo", yo ", zo"), and the coordinates of the centroid Bo "are determined as (-0.196, 1.459, 0).
b. The coordinate of the lifting point N of the jacket body of the suction pile is marked as (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center B 'after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied is marked as (Xb, yb, zb'), and the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure BDA0003152020220000681
Substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the coordinate (-0.196, 1.459, 0) of the centroid Bo', the coordinate (0, 57.5, 0) of the suspension point N and the vertical suspension buoyancy L 'obtained by calculation in the step (307) into a formula (12) to obtain the coordinate (-0.153, 13.768, 0) of the buoyancy center B' after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied; because the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the inclined floating center Bp ' is superposed with the floating center B ', and the coordinate of the inclined floating center Bp ' is (-0.153, 13.768, 0); the over-inclined floating center Bp "is taken as a perpendicular line of the W-X-Z-2" plane, the point where the perpendicular line intersects with the mandrel (i.e. the Y axis) is a fixed inclination center P ", the coordinate of the fixed inclination center P" is recorded as (0, yp ", 0), because the included angle between the Y axis and the straight line passing through the inclination floating center Bp 'and the fixed inclination center P' is the inclination angle theta ', yp' =12.019.
c. The coordinates of the gravity center J of the jacket body of the suction pile are (0, 14.14, 0), the X-Y plane is an inclined plane, the inclined gravity center Gp 'coincides with the gravity center J at the moment, and the coordinates of the inclined gravity center Gp' are (0, 14.14, 0); the over-inclination gravity center Gp "is taken as a perpendicular line of a W-X-Z-2 surface, a point where the perpendicular line intersects with the mandrel (namely a Y axis) is an inclination swing center Pg", the coordinate of the inclination swing center Pg "is recorded as (0, ypg", 0), and since the included angle between a straight line passing through the inclination gravity center Gp "and the inclination swing center Pg" and the Y axis is the inclination angle theta ", ypg" =14.14.
d. Calculating according to the formula hp = Yp ″ -Ypg ″, and obtaining the maximum penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fitting is removed max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', and setting a fixed inclination height hp "= -2.121 corresponding to a water level hi" in the suction pile.
(310) And (3) sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' in the plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (303), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and the inclined plane of the suction pile guide pipe frame body at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' coincident with each other and the positive direction of the X axis always points to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile guide pipe frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept to be unchanged relative to the suction pile guide pipe frame body when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed each time, and repeating the steps (307) to (309) after changing the set inclination azimuth angle beta ', wherein the result is detailed in a table 3.
(311) The set inclination angle theta "is changed in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta" set in step (303), and steps (307) to (310) are repeated after each change, with the results detailed in table 3.
(312) In the plurality of water levels hi' in the suction pile set in the step (305), the set water level hi in the suction pile is changed in sequence, and the steps (307) to (311) are repeated after each change, and the result is detailed in table 3.
(313) Determining corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after removing fittings " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. recording a set inclination azimuth angle beta ', a set inclination angle theta', a set suction pile internal water level hi ', corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L', a freeboard wetting height d 'and a fixed inclination height hp' as a solutionExcept for the post-removal data set, recording all the post-removal data sets with the same set water level hi ' in the suction pile as a post-removal data set, and taking the minimum value of the constant inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta ' and different inclination azimuth angles beta ' in the post-removal data set as the minimum value of the constant inclination heights hp corresponding to the post-removal data set " f The results are detailed in Table 3.
b. From all the obtained relieved data sets, hp' was selected " f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical crane buoyancy L' with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the removed accessory in the screened removed data set " jc The results are detailed in Table 3.
c. If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Taking a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to only one released data group " jc Corresponding water level hi' in the suction pile in the data group after being relieved is used as the corresponding water level hi in the suction pile with the minimum allowable suction after the accessory is relieved " jmin (ii) a If the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Corresponding to a plurality of removed data sets, taking a buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The maximum value of the water level hi' in the suction pile in all the corresponding data groups after the removal is used as the corresponding water level hi in the suction pile with the minimum allowable suction after the removal of the fittings " jmin The results are detailed in Table 3.
TABLE 3L corresponding to example 1 " jc And hi' jmin Result of calculation of (2)
Figure BDA0003152020220000701
S105: taking L' jc And L " jc The maximum value in the process of removing the accessories is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the buoyancy L of the control crane in the process of removing the accessories jf =5235.430kN 1.2=6282.516kN; taking hi' jmin And hi " jmin The maximum value of the height is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the accessory removing process jo ＝18.14m*1.2＝21.768m。
S2, preparation before lowering
The suction pile jacket is placed in water, a lifting hook of the crane ship is kept connected to a lifting point of the suction pile jacket, a valve at the top of the suction pile is opened to enable the water level in the suction pile to rise, and the vertical lifting buoyancy provided by the crane ship to the suction pile jacket is increased accordingly.
S3, lowering suction pile jacket
Hi corresponding to the depth section of 0-15 m o 9.3m, less than Hi, when the water level Hi in the suction pile is in real time of the jacket of the suction pile s After reaching 9.3m, the buoyancy L of the vertical crane is real-time s When the height is between 758.126kN and 15000kN, the jacket of the suction pile is started to be lowered, and the water level hi in the real-time suction pile is controlled all the time in the lowering process s Maintain more than 9.3m and is 758.126 kN-L s Less than or equal to 15000kN until the suction pile jacket is lowered to 15m under water;
due to Hi corresponding to the depth section of 15-50 m o 21.12m, which is larger than Hi, at the moment, the suction pile is filled with water, the suction pile jacket is lowered, the suction pile is always kept in a full water state in the lowering process, and L is controlled s 15000kN until the suction pile jacket is lowered to the position close to the release part of 50m under water.
S4, removing the fittings
Removing the fittings at the fitting removing position by using removing equipment installed on the suction pile guide pipe frame body, and placing the suction pile guide pipe frame to the installing position after the fittings are removed; due to Hi jo 21.768m, greater than Hi, thus keeping the suction pile full of water and controlling L during disarming the fitting and placing the suction pile guide frame in the installed position s ≤15000kN。
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that:
(1) In the step S102, the water level hi in the pile with the minimum allowable suction force is not calculated min Calculating the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o Comprises the following steps: according to the stress balance in the vertical direction, the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket is calculated to reach the lowering process, and the hoisting buoyancy L is controlled f The water level in the suction pile required by the time is used asMinimum control height Hi of water level in suction pile in lowering process o 。
Taking a depth section of 0-15 m as an example, the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process is explained o The specific calculation steps are as follows:
vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to 0-15 m depth section c 631.772kN, multiplied by a safety factor s (s = 1.2) gives L f 758.126kN, and the buoyancy L of the lowering process control crane f Substituting into formula (1), calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket to reach the lowering process control hoisting buoyancy L f V corresponding to time 1 Is 1747.490m 3 Will V 1 ＝1747.490m 3 、hw＝15m、R＝5m、r＝4.95m、V w ＝15.287m 3 Substituting into formula (17) to obtain the corresponding water level in the suction pile of 7.804m, i.e. Hi o ＝7.804m。
Aiming at the depth section of 15-50 m, calculating to obtain a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L c 4858.181kN, corresponding to the lowering process, the buoyancy L of the crane f 5829.817kN, and the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process obtained by calculation according to the vertical stress balance of the lead o And 18.012m.
(2) S3, in the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process is obtained according to the calculation o Controlling water level hi in real-time suction pile s 。
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications of the embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features are possible; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover all modifications within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (9)

1. A method for installing a jacket of a suction pile in a suspension manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining technological parameters: according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the suction pile jacket and the construction safety requirement, the required hoisting height Hl and the allowable maximum hoisting capacity L of the crane ship are determined t And a construction safety factor s; calculating a vertical suspension buoyancy critical value required to be applied to maintain stable floating of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process and a required minimum allowable water level in the suction pile, and respectively recording the values as L c And hi min (ii) a With L c The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the lifting force L of the lowering process control crane f To hi min The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o ；
Preparing before lowering: placing the suction pile jacket in water, keeping a lifting hook of the crane ship connected to a lifting point of the suction pile jacket, opening a valve at the top of the suction pile to lift the water level in the suction pile, and increasing the vertical lifting buoyancy provided by the crane ship to the suction pile jacket;
lowering a jacket of the suction pile: if Hi o <Hi, then when Hi s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t When the suction pile jacket is lowered, the hi is controlled all the time s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t Until the jacket of the suction pile is lowered to a preset position; if Hi o Not less than Hi, filling water into the suction pile, lowering the suction pile jacket, and controlling L all the time in the lowering process s ≤L t Until the suction pile jacket is lowered to a preset position; wherein Hi is the total height of the inner cavity of the suction pile, hi s For sucking the water level in the pile in real time, L s The buoyancy is real-time vertical suspension;
in the step of determining the process parameters, 0-hw is added max Dividing the water depth into a plurality of depth sections, and respectively calculating the suction pile guideMaintaining a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for stable floating when the pipe frame is lowered to the lowest part of each depth section c And the required water level hi in the pile that allows the minimum suction force min According to the vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the depth section c Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the buoyancy L of the lowering process control crane corresponding to the depth section f The water level hi in the pile corresponding to the allowable minimum suction force in the depth section min Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o (ii) a Wherein, hw max The maximum water depth at the position where the suction pile jacket is installed is obtained;
in the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the jacket of the suction pile is controlled to lift buoyancy L in each depth section according to the lowering process corresponding to the depth section f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o Respectively controlling the real-time vertical hoisting buoyancy L of the suction pile jacket s And real-time suction pile internal water level hi s ；
The acting point of the resultant of the vertical upward acting force on the suction pile jacket with the balanced vertical stress is taken as a floating center;
the action point of the resultant force of the vertical downward action force on the suction pile jacket with balanced vertical stress is taken as the gravity center;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the floating center and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static floating center;
When the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the gravity center and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static gravity center;
taking the connecting line of the balance static floating center and the balance static gravity center as a mandrel;
a plane which is determined by a section formed by sectioning the suction pile jacket which is stressed and balanced in the vertical direction along the hydrostatic surface and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is taken as a vertical balanced water section;
when the suction pile jacket inclines, an included angle between the mandrel and the vertical direction is used as an inclination angle;
when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined, a vertical plane passing through the mandrel is used as an inclined plane;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in stress balance in the vertical direction, the vertical projection of the floating center on the inclined surface is used as an inclined floating center;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in stress balance in the vertical direction, the vertical projection of the gravity center on the inclined plane is used as the inclined gravity center;
when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines, the intersection point of a plumb line passing through the inclined gravity center and the mandrel is used as an inclined swinging center;
taking the distance from the inclined center of gravity to the balanced static center of gravity as the inclined center of gravity height, and when the balanced static center of gravity is below the inclined center of gravity, the inclined center of gravity height is a positive value, otherwise, the inclined center of gravity height is a negative value;
When the guide pipe frame of the suction pile inclines, the intersection point of the plumb line passing through the inclined floating center and the mandrel is used as a fixed inclination center;
taking the distance from the fixed-inclination center to the balance static floating center as a fixed-inclination radius, wherein when the fixed-inclination center is above the balance static floating center, the fixed-inclination radius is a positive value, and otherwise, the fixed-inclination radius is a negative value;
taking the difference obtained by subtracting the height of the inclined gravity center from the constant inclination radius as the constant inclination height;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, the vertical distance from the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket to a still water surface is used as the height of a freeboard, and when the still water surface is located below the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket, the height of the freeboard is a positive value, otherwise, the height of the freeboard is a negative value;
taking the part of the freeboard submerged in water when the suction pile jacket inclines as a freeboard infiltration height;
in the step of determining the process parameters, calculating the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min Comprises the following steps:
(101) Establishing a coordinate system: establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system which is fixed relative to the position of the suction pile jacket by taking a mandrel when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state as a Y axis, taking a leaning surface when the suction pile jacket inclines as an X-Y plane, taking any point on the mandrel as an original point and taking the direction pointing to the inclination direction of the suction pile jacket from the original point as the positive direction of the X axis;
(102) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket which is inclined and is in vertical stress balance in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-2 surface; respectively establishing the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state in the lowering process as follows:
Figure FDA0004119840920000031
Figure FDA0004119840920000032
in the formulae (1) and (2), V 1 Volume of water to be drained from the portion of said suction pile jacket below said W-X-Z-1 plane, V 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 surface, of the suction pile jacket is determined, go is the gravity of the suction pile jacket in the lowering process, L is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the lowering process, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(103) Respectively determining the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of each depth section, selecting the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of any depth section as a set water entry depth hw, setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the descending process in a horizontal plane, and setting the inclination azimuth angles to be within the range of 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles within the range when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the lowering process; wherein, theta max For allowing maximum inclination, according to the natural conditions of the water area under construction, suction pile jacketDetermining the shape, size, weight and construction safety requirement;
(104) Calculating the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L =0 in formula (1) to obtain the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket of the suction pile are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Determining the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile guide pipe frame according to the set water penetration depth hw, and recording the water level as hi min1 ；
According to the shape and the size of the inner cavity of the suction pile jacket, obtaining the allowable maximum inclination angle theta of the suction pile jacket max The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile, which is required for ensuring that the air sealed and stored in the suction pile does not overflow from the bottom of the suction pile when the suction pile inclines min2 ；
Get hi min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level is used as the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 ；
(105) At hi min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the descending process within the range of-Hi;
(106) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (105) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(107) Calculating the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the vertical lifting buoyancy L and the topsides infiltration height d corresponding to the water level hi in the set suction pile in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process, and specifically comprising the following steps:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, according to the structureSetting the water entry depth hw and the water level hi in the suction pile, and obtaining the V corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile and the water entry depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame 1 Simultaneous equations (1) and (2) to obtain V 2 ＝V 1 Will V 2 Substituting Go and gamma into a formula (2) to obtain the required vertical crane buoyancy L;
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined according to V 2 Determining the corresponding topsides infiltration height d of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile, wherein the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set water level hi in the suction pile are used for determining the corresponding topsides infiltration height d of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile;
(108) Determining the position of the W-X-Z-2 surface in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the freeboard immersion height d obtained by calculation in the step (107);
(109) Calculating the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process, and specifically comprising the following steps:
dividing the suction pile guide frame by the W-X-Z-2 surface determined in the step (108), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide frame and the position of the suction pile guide frame in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated by the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide frame and the centroid coordinate (Xo, yo, zo) of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide frame;
the coordinates of the lifting point of the suction pile jacket are (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinates of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are (Xb, yb, zb), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure FDA0004119840920000051
substituting the buoyancy Fo, the centroid coordinates (Xo, yo, zo), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L obtained by calculation in the step (107) into the formula (3), and obtaining the floating center coordinates (Xb, yb, zb) after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein if the corresponding inclined floating center coordinates are (Xb, yb, 0), and if the corresponding fixed inclination center coordinates are (0, yp, 0), yp = Yb + Xb/tan θ;
According to the structure, shape, size and material of the suction pile jacket, the vertical downward acting force applied to the suction pile jacket and the position of the suction pile jacket in a coordinate system, determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket is (Xg, yg and Zg), the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg, yg and 0), and the corresponding inclined pivot center coordinate is (0, ypg, 0), so that Ypg = Yg + Xg/tan theta;
calculating and obtaining the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set constant inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process according to a formula (4), wherein the expression of the formula (4) is as follows:
hp＝Yp-Ypg(4)；
(110) Sequentially changing a set inclination azimuth angle beta from a plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta set in the step (103), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around a Y axis to keep an X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and an inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta in a condition that the positions of an origin and the Y axis relative to the suction pile guide frame are not changed when the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed, enabling the positive direction of the X axis to always point to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide frame, and repeating the steps (107) to (109) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed;
(111) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta set in the step (103), and repeating the steps (107) to (110) after each change;
(112) Sequentially changing the water level hi in the suction pile from the water levels hi in the suction piles set in the step (105), and repeating the steps (107) to (111) after each change;
(113) Determining a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculation ofIn the obtained data, a set water entry depth hw, a set inclination azimuth angle beta, a set inclination angle theta, a set suction pile internal water level hi and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L, freeboard infiltration height d and fixed inclination height hp are recorded as a lowering process data set, all the lowering process data sets with the same set water entry depth hw and the same set suction pile internal water level hi are recorded as a lowering process data set, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta and different inclination azimuth angles beta in the lowering process data set is taken as the fixed inclination height minimum value hp corresponding to the lowering process data set f ；
Screening out hp from all acquired data sets of the lowering process f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical hoisting buoyancy L with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process in the screened lowering process data set c (ii) a Wherein, hp a The height is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of a suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety degree;
if the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L c Corresponding to only one lowering process data set, and then taking the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c The corresponding water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process data set is used as the water level hi in the suction pile corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process and allowing the minimum suction pile min (ii) a If the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L c Corresponding to a plurality of lowering process data sets, taking the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane c The maximum value of the water level hi in the suction pile in all the corresponding lowering process data sets is used as the allowable minimum water level hi in the suction pile corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process min ；
(114) Sequentially changing the selected depth sections in all the depth sections, taking the underwater depth corresponding to the lowest position of the newly selected depth section as a new set underwater depth hw after each change, repeating the steps (104) to (113), and calculating to obtain the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process Vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections c And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi min 。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the suction pile jacket comprises a suction pile jacket body and a fitting connected to the suction pile jacket body, the fitting being a connection stiffener and/or a counterweight;
the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating manner comprises the following steps:
the step of determining the process parameters further comprises the following steps: calculating a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value required to be applied when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process and required to reach an allowable minimum water level in the suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value and the allowable minimum water level as L' jc And hi' jmin (ii) a Calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value required to be applied for maintaining stable floating of the suction pile jacket after the fittings are removed and a required minimum allowable water level in the suction pile, and recording the vertical crane buoyancy critical value and the minimum allowable water level as L respectively " jc And hi' jmin (ii) a Taking L' jc And L " jc The maximum value in the process of removing the accessories is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the buoyancy L of the control crane in the process of removing the accessories jf (ii) a Get hi' jmin And hi' jmin The maximum value in the process is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the process of removing the fittings jo ；
In the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the preset position is a fitting removing position;
the method is characterized by further comprising a fitting removing step after the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, wherein the fitting removing step specifically comprises the following steps: removing the fitting at the fitting removal position by using a removing device installed on the suction pile jacket body, and placing the suction pile jacket to an installation position after the fitting is removed; if Hi jo <Hi, then controlling Hi all the time during releasing the fitting and putting the suction pile guide frame to the mounting position s ≥Hi jo And L is jf ≤L s ≤L t (ii) a If Hi jo Not less than Hi, in the process of removing the fittings and placing the suction pile guide pipe frame to the installation position, the suction pile is always kept in a full water state, and L is controlled s ≤L t 。
3. The method for installing suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating manner according to claim 2, wherein in the step of determining process parameters, a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to the condition that the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is at the highest point in the fitting removing process is calculated' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The steps are as follows:
(201) By calculating L c And hi min The three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of time;
(202) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket at the highest point and in a balanced static state as a W-X-Z-1' surface in the fitting removing process; recording a vertical balanced water profile as a W-X-Z-2' surface when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process, the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in vertical stress balance; respectively establishing a vertical stress balance relation formula of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process as follows:
Figure FDA0004119840920000081
Figure FDA0004119840920000082
In formulas (5) and (6), V' 1 Volume of water, V ', displaced by the portion of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' face ' 2 The volume of water drained by the part of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-2' surface, gj is the gravity of the suction pile jacket bodyGw is the gravity of the accessory, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the accessory removing process, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(203) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the accessory removing process, wherein the inclination azimuth angles are 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the accessory removing process within the range;
(204) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L ' =0 in equation (5) to obtain V ' corresponding to the case where vertical crane buoyancy is not applied ' 1 And when the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined, according to the corresponding V 'when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied' 1 And the maximum water entry depth hw max Determining the water level in the corresponding suction pile of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording as hi' min1 ；
Get hi' min1 And hi min2 Is taken as the maximum value of the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the highest point in the process of removing fittings max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 ；
(205) In hi' min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the accessory removing process within a range of-Hi;
(206) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta ', selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination angle theta ', and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (205) as a set water level hi ' in the suction pile;
(207) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process max Station, stationThe specific steps of the set inclination angle theta ', the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' and the vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' and the topsides wetting height d ' corresponding to the set water level hi ' in the suction pile are as follows:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, the maximum water penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V ' corresponding to set water level hi ' in suction pile ' 1 Simultaneous equations (5) and (6) to obtain V' 2 ＝V′ 1 V is' 2 Substituting Gj, gw and gamma into a formula (6) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L';
according to V 'under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined' 2 The maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta' and a water level hi 'in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides wetting height d' of the suction pile jacket;
(208) According to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (207), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(209) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the highest point in the fitting removing process max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta', and a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, and specifically comprises the following steps:
dividing the suction pile guide frame by the W-X-Z-2 'surface determined in the step (208), obtaining the shape, the size and the position of the water body drained from the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and determining the buoyancy Fo 'generated by the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame in the drained water body and the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo', zo ') of the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame in the drained water body;
The coordinates of the lifting point of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile are (Xn, yn and Zn), the coordinates of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are marked as (Xb ', yb ' and Zb '), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure FDA0004119840920000101
substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo ', zo '), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L ' obtained by calculation in the step (207) into a formula (7), and obtaining the buoyancy coordinates (Xb ', yb ', zb ') after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein the corresponding inclination buoyancy coordinates are (Xb ', yb ', 0), and the corresponding inclination center coordinates are (0, yp ', 0), so that Yp ' = Yb ' + Xb '/tan theta ';
determining the barycentric coordinate of the suction pile jacket body as (Xj, yj, zj), determining the fitting gravity action point coordinate with the highest position possibly appearing in the fitting removing process as (Xw ', yw', zw '), and determining the barycentric coordinate when the barycenter of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process as (Xg', yg ', zg'), then establishing the following equation according to the force system equivalent relationship:
Figure FDA0004119840920000102
substituting the gravity Gj of the suction pile jacket body, the gravity center coordinate (Xj, yj, zj) of the suction pile jacket body, the fitting gravity Gw and the fitting gravity action point coordinate (Xw ', yw ', zw ') with the highest position which may occur in the fitting removing process into a formula (8), obtaining the gravity center coordinate (Xg ', yg ', zg ') when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is at the highest point in the fitting removing process, wherein the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg ', yg ', 0), and the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (0, ypg ', 0), so that Ypg ' = Yg ' + Xg '/tan theta ';
Calculating according to formula (9) when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the process of removing the fittings, wherein the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the maximum pointDepth of penetration hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta', and a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (9) is as follows:
hp′＝Yp′-Ypg′ (9)；
(210) Sequentially changing a set inclination azimuth angle beta ' among a plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (203), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around a Y axis to keep an X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system to be coincident with an inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' and a positive direction of the X axis to be always directed to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide frame under the condition that the positions of an origin and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system relative to the suction pile guide frame are kept unchanged when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed, and repeating the steps (207) to (209) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed each time;
(211) Changing the set inclination angle theta 'in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (203), and repeating the steps (207) to (210) after each change;
(212) Sequentially changing the water level hi 'in the suction pile from the plurality of water levels hi' in the suction pile set in the step (205), and repeating the steps (207) to (211) after each change;
(213) Determining a corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set inclination angle β ', a set inclination angle θ', a set suction pile water level hi 'and corresponding vertical lifting buoyancy L', a freeboard infiltration height d 'and a set inclination height hp' are recorded as a set removal process data set, all the set removal process data sets having the same set suction pile water level hi 'are recorded as a set removal process data set, and the minimum value of the set inclination heights hp' corresponding to different set inclination angles θ 'and different inclination angles β' in the set removal process data set is taken as the set inclination height minimum value hp 'corresponding to the set removal process data set' f ；
From obtainingAll the obtained data of the relieving process are concentrated and screened to obtain hp' f ≥hp a Selecting the minimum non-negative vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' as the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L ' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process in the screened removing process data set ' jc ；
If the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Taking the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'only corresponding to one removal process data set' jc Corresponding water level hi ' in suction pile in the process data set of release is taken as corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in suction pile when gravity center of suction pile jacket is at highest point in process of removing fittings ' jmin (ii) a If the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Corresponding to a plurality of removal process data sets, taking the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L' jc The maximum value of the water levels hi ' in the suction piles in all corresponding relieving process data sets is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in the suction pile when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the relieving process ' jmin 。
4. The method for installing a suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating manner according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in the step of determining the process parameters, the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L after the fittings are removed is calculated " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The steps are as follows:
(301) By calculating L c And hi min The three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of time;
(302) Recording a vertical balanced water section of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state after the fittings are removed as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket body which is inclined after the fittings are removed and is in vertical stress balance as a W-X-Z-2' surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state and an inclined state after the accessories are removed are respectively established as follows:
Figure FDA0004119840920000121
Figure FDA0004119840920000122
In formulas (10) and (11), V " 1 Positioning said suction pile jacket body at said W-X-Z-1"
Volume of water drained from the under-flour portion, V " 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, of the jacket body of the suction pile is determined, gj is the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy after fittings are removed, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(303) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the jacket body of the suction pile inclines after the accessories are removed, wherein the inclination azimuth angles are 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles when the suction pile jacket body inclines after removing the fittings in the range;
(304) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the corresponding suction pile " min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L "=0 in formula (10) and obtain corresponding V when vertical crane buoyancy is not applied" 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, the corresponding V is determined according to the condition that the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied " 1 And said maximum penetration depth hw max Determining the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket body, and marking as hi " min1 ；
Get hi " min1 And hi min2 Is taken as the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the set inclination angle theta' min0 ；
(305) In hi " min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket body within a range of-Hi;
(306) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (305) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(307) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The set inclination angle theta ', the set inclination azimuth angle beta' and the vertical suspension buoyancy L 'and the freeboard infiltration height d corresponding to the set water level hi' in the suction pile comprise the following specific steps:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, the maximum water penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V corresponding to the water level hi' in the suction pile " 1 Simultaneous equations (10) and (11) to obtain V ″) 2 ＝V″ 1 Will V " 2 Substituting Gj and gamma into a formula (11) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L';
v-shaped structure under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined " 2 The maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta ' and a water level hi in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides wetting height d ' of the guide pipe frame body of the suction pile;
(308) According to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta, setting an inclination angle theta and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (307), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(309) Calculating the maximum underwater penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta ' and a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, and specifically comprises the following steps:
dividing the suction pile jacket body by the W-X-Z-2 'surface determined in the step (308), obtaining the shape, the size and the position of the suction pile jacket body in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2' surface, determining the buoyancy Fo "of the body of water displaced by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2" plane and the centroid coordinates (Xo ", yo", zo ") of the body of water displaced by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2" plane;
The coordinates of a lifting point of the jacket body of the suction pile are (Xn, yn and Zn), the coordinates of a floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are marked as (Xb', yb and Zb "), and the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of a force system:
Figure FDA0004119840920000141
substituting the buoyancy Fo ", the centroid coordinates (Xo", yo ", zo"), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L "obtained by calculation in the step (307) into a formula (12), and obtaining the floating center coordinates (Xb", yb ", zb") after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein the corresponding inclined floating center coordinates are (Xb ", yb", 0), and the corresponding inclination center coordinates are (0, yp ", 0), and Yp" = Yb "+ Xb"/tan theta ";
determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket body is (Xj, yj, zj), the corresponding inclination gravity center coordinate is (Xj, yj, 0), and recording the corresponding inclination swing center coordinate as (0, ypg ", 0), so that Ypg" = Yj + Xj/tan theta ";
calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed according to a formula (13) max Setting a dip azimuth angle beta ', setting a dip angle theta ', and setting a fixed dip height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (13) is as follows:
hp″＝Yp″-Ypg″(13)；
(310) Sequentially changing a set inclination azimuth angle beta ' among a plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (303), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around a Y axis to keep an X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system to be coincident with an inclined plane of the suction pile guide pipe frame body at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' and a positive direction of the X axis to be always directed to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide pipe frame under the condition that the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system are kept to be unchanged relative to the suction pile guide pipe frame body when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed, and repeating the steps (307) to (309) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed;
(311) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (303), and repeating the steps (307) to (310) after each change;
(312) In the water level hi' in the suction pile set in the step (305), the water level hi in the suction pile is changed and set in sequence, and the steps (307) to (311) are repeated after each change;
(313) Determining corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after removing fittings " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set inclination angle beta ', a set inclination angle theta ', a set suction pile water level hi ' and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L ', a freeboard infiltration height d ' and a fixed inclination height hp ' are recorded as a data set after removal, all the data sets after removal with the same set suction pile water level hi ' are recorded as a data set after removal, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp ' corresponding to different set inclination angles theta ' and different inclination angle beta ' in the data set after removal is taken as the minimum value hp ' of the fixed inclination heights corresponding to the data set after removal " f ；
From all the obtained relieved data sets, hp was selected " f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical crane buoyancy L' with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the removed accessory in the screened removed data set " jc ；
If the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L " jc Corresponding to only one released data group, and taking the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc Corresponding water level hi' in the suction pile in the relieved data set as a relief fittingRear corresponding allowable minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin (ii) a If the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L " jc Corresponding to a plurality of removed data sets, taking the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The maximum value of the water level hi 'in the suction pile in all the corresponding data groups after the removal is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi' in the suction pile after the removal of the fittings " jmin 。
5. A method for installing a jacket of a suction pile in a suspension manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining technological parameters: according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the suction pile jacket and the construction safety requirement, the required hoisting height Hl and the allowable maximum hoisting capacity L of the crane ship are determined t And construction safety factor s; calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L required to be applied to maintain stable floating of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c In L of c The product of the construction safety coefficient s and the lifting force L of the lowering process control crane f (ii) a According to the vertical stress balance, calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket to reach the lowering process control hoisting buoyancy L f The water level in the suction pile required by the time is used as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o ；
Preparing before putting: placing the suction pile jacket in water, keeping a lifting hook of the crane ship connected to a lifting point of the suction pile jacket, opening a valve at the top of the suction pile to lift the water level in the suction pile, and increasing the vertical lifting buoyancy provided by the crane ship to the suction pile jacket;
lowering a jacket of the suction pile: if Hi o <Hi, then when Hi s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t When the suction pile jacket is lowered, hi is controlled all the time in the lowering process s ≥Hi o And L is f ≤L s ≤L t Until the suction pile jacket is lowered to a preset position; if Hi o Not less than Hi, filling water into the suction pile, lowering the suction pile jacket, and beginning to lower in the lowering processFinal control L s ≤L t Until the jacket of the suction pile is lowered to a preset position; wherein Hi is the total height of the inner cavity of the suction pile, hi s For sucking the water level in the pile in real time, L s The buoyancy is real-time vertical lifting;
in the step of determining the process parameters, 0-hw is added max Dividing the depth of water into a plurality of depth sections, and respectively calculating a vertical lift buoyancy critical value L required to be applied for maintaining stable floating when the suction pile jacket is lowered to the lowest part of each depth section c According to the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the depth section c Taking the product of the construction safety coefficient s as the buoyancy L of the lowering process control crane corresponding to the depth section f (ii) a According to the stress balance in the vertical direction, calculating the vertical hoisting buoyancy L of the suction pile jacket to be transferred to the lowest part of the depth section and controlling the hoisting buoyancy L when the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket reaches the corresponding transferring process of the depth section f The water level in the suction pile required by the time is used as the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o (ii) a Wherein, hw max The maximum water depth at the position where the suction pile jacket is installed is obtained;
in the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the jacket of the suction pile is controlled to lift buoyancy L in each depth section according to the lowering process corresponding to the depth section f And the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process o Respectively controlling the real-time vertical hoisting buoyancy L of the suction pile jacket s And real-time suction pile internal water level hi s ；
The acting point of the resultant of the vertical upward acting force on the suction pile jacket with the balanced vertical stress is taken as a floating center;
the action point of the resultant force of the vertical downward acting force on the suction pile jacket with the balanced vertical stress is taken as the gravity center;
When the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the floating core and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static floating core;
when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, a point which is coincident with the gravity center and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket is used as a balanced static gravity center;
taking the connecting line of the balance static floating center and the balance static gravity center as a mandrel;
taking a plane which is determined by a section formed by sectioning the suction pile jacket stressed in the vertical direction along the hydrostatic surface and is fixed relative to the suction pile jacket as a vertical balanced water section;
when the suction pile jacket inclines, an included angle between the mandrel and the vertical direction is used as an inclination angle;
when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined, a vertical plane passing through the mandrel is used as an inclined plane;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in stress balance in the vertical direction, the vertical projection of the floating center on the inclined surface is used as an inclined floating center;
when the suction pile jacket is inclined and is in stress balance in the vertical direction, the vertical projection of the gravity center on the inclined plane is used as the inclined gravity center;
when the guide pipe frame of the suction pile inclines, the intersection point of the plumb line passing through the inclined gravity center and the mandrel is used as an inclined swing center;
Taking the distance from the inclination pivot center to the balance static floating center as the inclination gravity center height, wherein when the balance static floating center is below the inclination pivot center, the inclination gravity center height is a positive value, and otherwise, the inclination gravity center height is a negative value;
when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined, the intersection point of a plumb line passing through the inclined floating center and the mandrel is used as a fixed inclination center;
taking the distance from the fixed-inclination center to the balance static floating center as a fixed-inclination radius, wherein when the fixed-inclination center is above the balance static floating center, the fixed-inclination radius is a positive value, and otherwise, the fixed-inclination radius is a negative value;
the difference value obtained by subtracting the inclination gravity center height from the constant inclination radius is used as the constant inclination height;
when a suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state, taking the vertical distance from the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket to a still water surface as a freeboard height, and when the still water surface is positioned below the highest point of the top of the suction pile jacket, taking the freeboard height as a positive value, otherwise, taking the freeboard height as a negative value;
taking the part of the freeboard submerged in water when the suction pile jacket inclines as a freeboard infiltration height;
in the step of determining the process parameters, vertical crane buoyancy critical values L corresponding to different depth sections are calculated c The steps are as follows:
(101) Establishing a coordinate system: establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system which is fixed relative to the position of the suction pile jacket by taking a mandrel when the suction pile jacket is in a balanced static state as a Y axis, taking a leaning surface when the suction pile jacket inclines as an X-Y plane, taking any point on the mandrel as an original point and taking the direction pointing to the inclination direction of the suction pile jacket from the original point as the positive direction of the X axis;
(102) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket which is inclined and is in vertical stress balance in the lowering process as a W-X-Z-2 surface; respectively establishing the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state in the lowering process as follows:
Figure FDA0004119840920000181
Figure FDA0004119840920000182
in the formulae (1) and (2), V 1 Volume of water to be drained, V, of the portion of said suction pile jacket below said W-X-Z-1 plane 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 surface, of the suction pile jacket is determined, go is the gravity of the suction pile jacket in the lowering process, L is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the lowering process, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(103) Respectively determining the water entry depth corresponding to the lowest part of each depth section, and selecting any placeSetting the corresponding water entry depth of the lowest part of the depth section as a set water entry depth hw, setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the horizontal plane when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the lowering process at 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles within the range when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the lowering process; wherein, theta max In order to allow the maximum inclination angle, the method is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of the suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety;
(104) Calculating the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L =0 in formula (1) to obtain the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, according to the corresponding V when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied 1 Determining the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket as hi according to the set water depth hw min1 ；
According to the shape and the size of the inner cavity of the suction pile jacket, obtaining the allowable maximum inclination angle theta of the suction pile jacket max The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile, which is required for ensuring that the air sealed and stored in the suction pile does not overflow from the bottom of the suction pile when the suction pile inclines min2 ；
Get hi min1 And hi min2 The maximum value of the water level in the suction pile is taken as the lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the suction pile guide pipe frame when the set water penetration depth hw is in the lowering process min0 ；
(105) At hi min0 Setting water levels in a plurality of different suction piles of the suction pile jacket in the lowering process within a range of-Hi, wherein Hi is the total height of an inner cavity of each suction pile;
(106) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (103) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (105) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(107) Calculating the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination angle theta, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the vertical lifting buoyancy L and the freeboard immersion height d corresponding to the water level hi in the set suction pile in the descending process of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and specifically comprising the following steps:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket of the suction pile are determined, according to the set water entry depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile, obtaining a V corresponding to the set water entry depth hw and the set water level hi in the suction pile of the jacket of the suction pile 1 Simultaneous equations (1) and (2) to obtain V 2 ＝V 1 Will V 2 Substituting Go and gamma into a formula (2) to obtain the required vertical crane buoyancy L;
according to V, under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket of the suction pile are determined 2 Determining the corresponding topsides infiltration height d of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile, wherein the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set water level hi in the suction pile are used for determining the corresponding topsides infiltration height d of the guide pipe frame of the suction pile;
(108) Determining the position of the W-X-Z-2 surface in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the freeboard immersion height d obtained by calculation in the step (107);
(109) Calculating the set water entry depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set fixed inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process, and specifically comprising the following steps:
dividing the suction pile guide frame by the W-X-Z-2 surface determined in the step (108), obtaining the shape and the size of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide frame and the position of the suction pile guide frame in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, determining the buoyancy Fo generated by the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide frame and the centroid coordinate (Xo, yo, zo) of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2 surface of the suction pile guide frame;
The coordinates of the lifting point of the suction pile jacket are (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinates of the floating center after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are (Xb, yb, zb), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure FDA0004119840920000201
substituting the buoyancy Fo, the centroid coordinates (Xo, yo, zo), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L obtained by calculation in the step (107) into the formula (3), and obtaining the floating center coordinates (Xb, yb, zb) after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein if the corresponding inclined floating center coordinates are (Xb, yb, 0), and if the corresponding fixed inclination center coordinates are (0, yp, 0), yp = Yb + Xb/tan θ;
according to the structure, shape, size and material of the suction pile jacket, the vertical downward acting force applied to the suction pile jacket and the position of the suction pile jacket in a coordinate system, determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket is (Xg, yg and Zg), the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg, yg and 0), and the corresponding inclined pivot center coordinate is (0, ypg, 0), so that Ypg = Yg + Xg/tan theta;
calculating and obtaining the set water depth hw, the set inclination azimuth angle beta, the set inclination angle theta and the set constant inclination height hp corresponding to the water level hi in the suction pile in the lowering process according to a formula (4), wherein the expression of the formula (4) is as follows:
hp＝Yp-Ypg(4)；
(110) Sequentially changing a set inclination azimuth angle beta from a plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta set in the step (103), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around a Y axis to keep an X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and an inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta in a condition that the positions of an origin and the Y axis relative to the suction pile guide frame are not changed when the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed, enabling the positive direction of the X axis to always point to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide frame, and repeating the steps (107) to (109) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta is changed;
(111) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta set in the step (103), and repeating the steps (107) to (110) after each change;
(112) Sequentially changing the water level hi in the suction pile among the water levels hi in the suction pile set in the step (105), and repeating the steps (107) to (111) after changing each time;
(113) Determining a vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set water entry depth hw, a set inclination azimuth angle beta, a set inclination angle theta, a set suction pile internal water level hi and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L, freeboard infiltration height d and fixed inclination height hp are recorded as a lowering process data set, all the lowering process data sets with the same set water entry depth hw and the same set suction pile internal water level hi are recorded as a lowering process data set, and the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to different set inclination angles theta and different inclination azimuth angles beta in the lowering process data set is taken as the minimum value of the fixed inclination heights hp corresponding to the lowering process data set f ；
Screening out hp from all acquired data sets of the lowering process f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical hoisting buoyancy value L with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the selected depth section of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process in the screened lowering process data set c (ii) a Wherein, hp a The height is determined according to the natural conditions of the construction water area, the shape, the size and the weight of a suction pile jacket and the requirement of construction safety degree;
(114) Sequentially changing the selected depth sections in all the depth sections, taking the entry depth corresponding to the lowest position of the newly selected depth section as a new set entry depth hw after each change, repeating the steps (104) to (113), and calculating to obtain the vertical suspension buoyancy critical value L corresponding to different depth sections of the suction pile guide pipe frame in the lowering process c 。
6. Suction pile jacket installation method according to claim 5, characterised in that the suction pile jacket comprises a suction pile jacket body and a fitting connected to the suction pile jacket body, the fitting being a connection reinforcement and/or a counterweight;
the method for installing the suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating manner comprises the following steps:
the step of determining the process parameters further comprises the following steps: calculating a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value required to be applied when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process and required to reach an allowable minimum water level in the suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value and the allowable minimum water level as L' jc And hi' jmin (ii) a Calculating a vertical crane buoyancy critical value required to be applied for maintaining stable floating of the suction pile jacket after the fittings are removed and a required minimum allowable water level in the suction pile, and recording the vertical crane buoyancy critical value and the minimum allowable water level as L respectively " jc And hi' jmin (ii) a L 'is taken' jc And L' jc The maximum value of the process control crane is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the buoyancy L of the process control crane for removing the accessories jf (ii) a Get hi' jmin And hi' jmin The maximum value in the process is multiplied by the construction safety coefficient s to obtain the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the process of removing the fittings jo ；
In the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, the preset position is a fitting removing position;
the method is characterized by further comprising a fitting removing step after the step of lowering the jacket of the suction pile, wherein the fitting removing step specifically comprises the following steps: removing the fitting at the fitting removal position by using a removing device installed on the suction pile jacket body, and placing the suction pile jacket to an installation position after the fitting is removed; if Hi jo <Hi, then controlling Hi all the time during releasing the fitting and putting the suction pile guide tube frame to the mounting position s ≥Hi jo And L is jf ≤L s ≤L t (ii) a If Hi jo Not less than Hi, in the process of removing the fittings and placing the suction pile guide pipe frame to the installation position, the suction pile is always kept in a full water state, and L is controlled s ≤L t 。
7. Suction pile jacket according to claim 5 or 6The suspension installation method is characterized in that in the step of determining the technological parameters, the suspension buoyancy L is controlled according to the lowering process of a depth section f Calculating the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o The method comprises the following specific steps:
controlling the lowering process to suspend buoyancy L f Substituting the formula (1) into the formula (1) to obtain the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket to reach the lowering process control hoisting buoyancy L f V corresponding to time 1 And under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, the vertical hoisting buoyancy of the suction pile jacket reaches the lowering process control hoisting buoyancy L f V corresponding to time 1 And the water inlet depth at the lowest position of the depth section, determining the corresponding water level in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket, namely the minimum control height Hi of the water level in the suction pile in the lowering process corresponding to the depth section o 。
8. The method for installing suction pile jacket in a hoisting and floating manner according to claim 6, wherein in the step of determining process parameters, a vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to the condition that the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is at the highest point in the fitting removing process is calculated' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The steps are as follows:
(201) By calculating L c The three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of time;
(202) Recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket at the highest point and in a balanced static state as a W-X-Z-1' surface in the fitting removing process; recording a vertical balanced water profile, which is inclined and is in vertical stress balance, of the suction pile jacket at the highest point of the gravity center of the suction pile jacket in the fitting removing process as a W-X-Z-2' surface; respectively establishing the following vertical stress balance relations of the suction pile jacket in a balanced static state and an inclined state when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is positioned at the highest point in the process of removing accessories:
Figure FDA0004119840920000231
Figure FDA0004119840920000232
in formulas (5) and (6), V' 1 Volume of water, V ', displaced by the portion of the suction pile jacket below the W-X-Z-1' face ' 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2', of the jacket of the suction pile is determined, gj is the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile, gw is the gravity of the accessory, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy in the accessory removing process, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(203) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the suction pile guide pipe frame inclines in the accessory removing process, wherein the inclination azimuth angles are 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the suction pile guide pipe frame is inclined in the accessory removing process within the range;
(204) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L ' =0 in equation (5) to obtain V ' corresponding to the case where vertical crane buoyancy is not applied ' 1 And under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile jacket are determined, according to the corresponding V 'when the vertical hoisting buoyancy is not applied' 1 And the maximum water entry depth hw max Determining the water level in the corresponding suction pile of the suction pile guide pipe frame, and recording as hi' min1 ；
Get hi' min1 And hi min2 Is taken as the maximum value of the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the highest point in the process of removing fittings max The lowest water level value hi 'in the corresponding suction pile' min0 ；
(205) Hi' min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile guide pipe frame in the accessory removing process within a range of-Hi;
(206) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta ', selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (203) as a set inclination angle theta ', and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (205) as a set water level hi ' in the suction pile;
(207) Calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process max The specific steps of the method are as follows, the set inclination angle theta ', the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' and the vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' and the topsides wetting height d ' corresponding to the water level hi ' in the set suction pile are as follows:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket of the suction pile are all determined, the maximum underwater penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V ' corresponding to set water level hi ' in suction pile ' 1 Simultaneous equations (5) and (6) to obtain V' 2 ＝V′ 1 V is' 2 Substituting Gj, gw and gamma into a formula (6) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L';
v 'under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the suction pile guide pipe frame are determined' 2 The maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', an inclination angle theta' and a water level hi 'in the suction pile, and determining a corresponding topsides wetting height d' of the suction pile jacket;
(208) According to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', a dip angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (207), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(209) Calculating when the center of gravity of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the fitting removing process, wherein the suction pile guide pipe frame is positioned at the maximum entranceWater depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', and setting a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
dividing the suction pile guide frame by the W-X-Z-2 'surface determined in the step (208), obtaining the shape, the size and the position of the water body drained from the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and determining the buoyancy Fo 'generated by the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame in the drained water body and the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo', zo ') of the part below the W-X-Z-2' surface of the suction pile guide frame in the drained water body;
the coordinate of the lifting point of the suction pile jacket is (Xn, yn, zn), the coordinate of the floating center after applying the vertical lifting buoyancy is (Xb ', yb ', zb '), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relationship of the force system:
Figure FDA0004119840920000241
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substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the centroid coordinates (Xo ', yo ', zo '), the suspension point coordinates (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L ' obtained by calculation in the step (207) into a formula (7), and obtaining the buoyancy coordinates (Xb ', yb ', zb ') after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, wherein the corresponding inclination buoyancy coordinates are (Xb ', yb ', 0), and the corresponding inclination center coordinates are (0, yp ', 0), so that Yp ' = Yb ' + Xb '/tan theta ';
Determining the barycentric coordinate of the suction pile jacket body as (Xj, yj, zj), determining the fitting gravity action point coordinate with the highest position possibly appearing in the fitting removing process as (Xw ', yw', zw '), and determining the barycentric coordinate when the barycenter of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process as (Xg', yg ', zg'), then establishing the following equation according to the force system equivalent relationship:
Figure FDA0004119840920000251
substituting the gravity Gj of the suction pile jacket body, the gravity center coordinate (Xj, yj, zj) of the suction pile jacket body, the fitting gravity Gw and the fitting gravity action point coordinate (Xw ', yw ', zw ') with the highest position which may occur in the fitting removing process into a formula (8), obtaining the gravity center coordinate (Xg ', yg ', zg ') when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is at the highest point in the fitting removing process, wherein the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (Xg ', yg ', 0), and the corresponding inclined gravity center coordinate is (0, ypg ', 0), so that Ypg ' = Yg ' + Xg '/tan theta ';
calculating and obtaining the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process according to a formula (9) max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta', and setting a fixed inclination height hp 'corresponding to a water level hi' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (9) is as follows:
hp′＝Yp′-Ypg′(9)；
(210) Sequentially changing a set inclination azimuth angle beta ' among a plurality of inclination azimuth angles beta ' set in the step (203), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around a Y axis to keep an X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system to be coincident with an inclined plane of the suction pile guide frame at the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' and a positive direction of the X axis to be always directed to the inclination direction of the suction pile guide frame under the condition that the positions of an origin and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system relative to the suction pile guide frame are kept unchanged when the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed, and repeating the steps (207) to (209) after the set inclination azimuth angle beta ' is changed each time;
(211) Changing the set inclination angle theta 'in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (203), and repeating the steps (207) to (210) after each change;
(212) In the water level hi 'in the suction pile set in the step (205), sequentially changing the set water level hi' in the suction pile, and repeating the steps (207) to (211) after each change;
(213) Determining a corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L 'when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process' jc And allow minimum suction pile Water level hi' jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
In the calculated data, a set inclination angle β ', a set inclination angle θ', a set suction pile water level hi 'and corresponding vertical lifting buoyancy L', a freeboard infiltration height d 'and a set inclination height hp' are recorded as a set removal process data set, all the set removal process data sets having the same set suction pile water level hi 'are recorded as a set removal process data set, and the minimum value of the set inclination heights hp' corresponding to different set inclination angles θ 'and different inclination angles β' in the set removal process data set is taken as the set inclination height minimum value hp 'corresponding to the set removal process data set' f ；
Hp 'was selected from all the obtained release process data sets' f ≥hp a Selecting the minimum non-negative vertical hoisting buoyancy L ' as the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L ' when the gravity center of the suction pile jacket is located at the highest point in the fitting removing process in the screened removing process data set ' jc ；
If the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Taking the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L 'corresponding to only one removal process data set' jc Corresponding water level hi ' in suction pile in the process data set of release is taken as corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in suction pile when gravity center of suction pile jacket is at highest point in process of removing fittings ' jmin (ii) a If the vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L' jc Corresponding to a plurality of removal process data sets, taking the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L' jc The maximum value of the water levels hi ' in the suction piles in all corresponding relieving process data sets is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi ' in the suction pile when the gravity center of the suction pile guide pipe frame is at the highest point in the relieving process ' jmin 。
9. The method for installing a suction pile jacket by hoisting and floating according to claim 6 or 8, wherein in the step of determining process parameters, the corresponding vertical hoisting buoyancy critical value L after the fittings are removed is calculated " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin Step (2) ofThe following were used:
(301) By calculating L c The three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(302) Recording a vertical balanced water section of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state after the fittings are removed as a W-X-Z-1 surface; recording a vertical balanced water profile of the suction pile jacket body which is inclined after the fittings are removed and is in vertical stress balance as a W-X-Z-2' surface; the vertical stress balance relation formulas of the suction pile jacket body in a balanced static state and an inclined state after the accessories are removed are respectively established as follows:
Figure FDA0004119840920000271
Figure FDA0004119840920000272
in the formulae (10) and (11), V " 1 Positioning said suction pile jacket body at said W-X-Z-1"
Volume of water drained from the under-flour portion, V " 2 The volume of water drained from the part, below the W-X-Z-2 'surface, of the jacket body of the suction pile is determined, gj is the gravity of the jacket body of the suction pile, L' is the vertical lifting buoyancy after fittings are removed, and gamma is the volume weight of water;
(303) Setting a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles in the horizontal plane when the jacket body of the suction pile inclines after the accessories are removed, wherein the inclination azimuth angles are 0-theta max Setting a plurality of different inclination angles when the suction pile jacket body inclines after removing the fittings in the range;
(304) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the corresponding suction pile " min0 The method comprises the following specific steps:
let L "=0 in formula (10) and obtain corresponding V when vertical crane buoyancy is not applied" 1 Determining the structural shape, size and material of the jacket body of the suction pileAccording to the V corresponding to the condition that the vertical hanging buoyancy is not applied " 1 And said maximum penetration depth hw max Determining the water level in the suction pile of the corresponding suction pile jacket body and marking as hi " min1 ；
Get hi " min1 And hi min2 Is taken as the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed max The lowest value hi of the water level in the suction pile corresponding to the set inclination angle theta' min0 ；
(305) In hi " min0 Setting a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile of the suction pile jacket body within a range of-Hi;
(306) Selecting any inclination azimuth angle from a plurality of different inclination azimuth angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination azimuth angle beta, selecting any inclination angle from a plurality of different inclination angles set in the step (303) as a set inclination angle theta, and selecting the water level in any suction pile from a plurality of different water levels in the suction pile set in the step (305) as a set water level hi in the suction pile;
(307) Calculating the maximum penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max The set inclination angle theta ', the set inclination azimuth angle beta ', and the vertical suspension buoyancy L ' and the topsides immersion height d ' corresponding to the water level hi ' in the set suction pile comprise the following specific steps:
under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined, the maximum water penetration depth hw is determined max And setting the water level hi' in the suction pile to obtain the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile guide pipe frame max V corresponding to the water level hi' in the suction pile " 1 Simultaneous equations (10) and (11) to obtain V ″) 2 ＝V″ 1 Will V " 2 Substituting Gj and gamma into a formula (11) to obtain the required vertical hoisting buoyancy L';
v-shaped structure under the condition that the structural shape, the size and the material of the jacket body of the suction pile are determined " 2 The maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta, an inclination angle theta and a water level hi in the suction pileDetermining a corresponding freeboard infiltration height d' of the suction pile jacket body;
(308) According to the maximum water penetration depth hw max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta' and the freeboard infiltration height d 'obtained by calculation in the step (307), and determining the position of the W-X-Z-2' surface in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
(309) Calculating the maximum underwater penetration depth hw of the jacket body of the suction pile after the fittings are removed max Setting an inclination azimuth angle beta ', setting an inclination angle theta ' and setting a fixed inclination height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, and the concrete steps are as follows:
dividing the suction pile jacket body by the W-X-Z-2 'surface determined in the step (308), obtaining the shape, the size and the position of the suction pile jacket body in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of the water body drained below the W-X-Z-2' surface, determining the buoyancy Fo "of the body of water displaced by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2" plane and the centroid coordinates (Xo ", yo", zo ") of the body of water displaced by the suction pile jacket body below the W-X-Z-2" plane;
The lifting point coordinates of the suction pile jacket body are (Xn, yn, zn), the floating center coordinates after the vertical lifting buoyancy is applied are marked as (Xb ", yb", zb "), and then the following equation is established according to the equivalent relation of the force system:
Figure FDA0004119840920000281
substituting the buoyancy Fo ', the centroid coordinate (Xo ', yo ', zo '), the suspension point coordinate (Xn, yn, zn) and the vertical suspension buoyancy L ' obtained by the calculation in the step (307) into a formula (12) to obtain a buoyancy center coordinate (Xb) after the vertical suspension buoyancy is applied, yb ", zb"), the corresponding inclination floating center coordinate is (Xb ", yb", 0), and the corresponding inclination fixed center coordinate is (0, yp ", 0), yp" = Yb "+ Xb"/tan θ ";
determining that the gravity center coordinate of the suction pile jacket body is (Xj, yj, zj), the corresponding inclination gravity center coordinate is (Xj, yj, 0), and recording the corresponding inclination swing center coordinate as (0, ypg ", 0), so that Ypg" = Yj + Xj/tan theta ";
calculating the maximum water penetration depth hw of the suction pile jacket body after the fittings are removed according to a formula (13) max Setting a dip azimuth angle beta ', setting a dip angle theta ', and setting a fixed dip height hp corresponding to a water level hi ' in the suction pile, wherein the expression of the formula (13) is as follows:
hp″＝Yp″-Ypg″(13)；
(310) Sequentially changing the set inclination azimuth angle β "among the plurality of inclination azimuth angles β" set in step (303), rotating the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system around the Y axis while keeping the original point and the Y axis of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system at the same position with respect to the suction pile jacket body, so as to keep the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system coincident with the inclination plane of the suction pile jacket body at the set inclination azimuth angle β "and the positive direction of the X axis always pointing to the inclination azimuth of the suction pile jacket, and repeating steps (307) to (309) each time the set inclination azimuth angle β" is changed;
(311) Changing the set inclination angle theta in sequence among the plurality of inclination angles theta' set in the step (303), and repeating the steps (307) to (310) after each change;
(312) In the water level hi' in the suction pile set in the step (305), the water level hi in the suction pile is changed and set in sequence, and the steps (307) to (311) are repeated after each change;
(313) Determining corresponding vertical crane buoyancy critical value L after removing fittings " jc And allowing minimum suction pile water level hi " jmin The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the calculated data, a set inclination angle beta ', a set inclination angle theta', a set suction pile water level hi 'and corresponding vertical suspension buoyancy L', a freeboard infiltration height d 'and a fixed inclination height hp' are recorded as a data set after removal, all the data sets after removal with the same set suction pile water level hi 'are recorded as a data set after removal, and the minimum inclination height hp' corresponding to different set inclination angles theta 'and different inclination azimuth angles beta' in the data set after removal is takenThe value is taken as the minimum value hp of the stationary inclination height corresponding to the released data set " f ；
From all the obtained relieved data sets, hp was selected " f ≥hp a Selecting the vertical crane buoyancy L' with the minimum non-negative value as the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L corresponding to the removed accessory in the screened removed data set " jc ；
If the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L " jc Taking the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane corresponding to only one released data group " jc The corresponding water level hi' in the suction pile in the data group after the removal is taken as the corresponding water level hi in the suction pile with the minimum allowable suction after the removal of the fittings " jmin (ii) a If the vertical crane buoyancy critical value L " jc Corresponding to a plurality of removed data sets, taking the buoyancy critical value L of the vertical crane " jc The maximum value of the water level hi 'in the suction pile in all the corresponding data groups after the removal is used as the corresponding allowable minimum water level hi' in the suction pile after the removal of the fittings " jmin 。
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DE10124069C1 (en) * 2001-05-16 2002-10-24 Logic Logistic Consult Ingenie Process for laying pipe and media lines in narrow trenches comprises sinking a pipe or media line in the trench without touching the bottom of the trench, and fixing with liquid mortar or filling composition
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