CN113461405A - Production method of easy-to-clean purple sand tableware - Google Patents
Production method of easy-to-clean purple sand tableware Download PDFInfo
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- CN113461405A CN113461405A CN202110809652.XA CN202110809652A CN113461405A CN 113461405 A CN113461405 A CN 113461405A CN 202110809652 A CN202110809652 A CN 202110809652A CN 113461405 A CN113461405 A CN 113461405A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/24—Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
Abstract
The invention provides a production method of purple sand tableware easy to clean, which comprises the steps of crushing and mixing purple sand ore and south red agate ore, adding water, ball-milling and aging to obtain purple sand material; filter pressing, concentrating the liquid flowing out through the filter cloth into primary slurry, mixing the primary slurry with the ceramic transparent glaze and grinding into glaze slurry; refining the filter cake, and forming to prepare a tableware biscuit; spraying the glaze slip on the surface of a tableware biscuit, drying, carrying out primary roasting at 900-920 ℃, cooling, spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the tableware biscuit for the second time, drying, carrying out secondary roasting at 1150 +/-20 ℃ to obtain a finished tableware product, wherein the surface of the finished tableware product is smooth and has the appearance of a purple sand utensil. It can prevent oil stain and is easy to clean.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ceramic manufacturing, and relates to a production method of purple sand tableware easy to clean.
Background
At present, two kinds of purple sand products are generally available on the market, one is a purple sand tea set made of mineral mud and pure purple sand ore, a purple sand electric stewpot, an electric stewpot, a purple sand bowl and the like, during production, purple sand glaze water prepared by mixing pigments, pug and the like is used for forming an outer layer, and the outer layer does not have a micropore ventilation structure for changing the appearance of the purple sand, so that oil stain infiltration cannot be prevented. The other is a purple sand teapot produced by pure mineral purple sand, a purple sand stewing pot, which is characterized in that the surface of an embryo body is forced into coarse sand grains to force out a small amount of young pulp and fine mud by means of knocking, beating, pressing, scraping, rolling and the like during the production of the embryo body, and the surface is polished and polished to be smooth after firing, the microporous air-permeable structure of the purple sand is not changed, and oil stain infiltration cannot be prevented. The two methods cannot prevent oil stains from permeating into the purple sand tableware, so that the purple sand tableware is difficult to clean, and the oil stains can also seep out after the disinfection cabinet is disinfected, so that the two methods are not suitable for manufacturing tableware products such as bowls, plates, spoons, tickets, basins and chopsticks which are in high contact with the oil stains.
CN104150773A discloses a purple sand glass ceramic bowl, which is composed of silicon dioxide, Suzhou soil, titanium dioxide, purple sand, vermiculite powder, shell powder, copper oxide, lignin, carbon nano tubes, graphene micro-sheets, sulfate, tin oxide, dolomite, nano silicon carbide, stainless steel fibers and silver fibers, and the bowl is formed after melting, and has a smooth surface, but a glass appearance and does not have the impression of a purple sand vessel.
CN103274668A discloses an antiknock purple sand ceramic utensil, which is composed of purple sand mud, alumina, spodumene, magnesia, zirconia and bentonite, and is used in the production of purple sand ceramic pots, tableware and tea sets, but can not prevent oil stains from permeating.
CN101323520A discloses a heat-resistant purple sand ceramic utensil, which comprises a blank and a glaze, wherein the blank consists of purple sandy soil, spodumene, aluminous clay, kaolin, talcum powder, alumina, clinker and magnesia clay; the glaze consists of the blank mud, the lithionite, clinker, frit, loess, iron red, sodium tripolyphosphate and water glass, and spodumene is added into the raw materials of the ceramic product to improve the heat resistance of the ceramic product, but the appearance of the ceramic product is more like a pottery.
CN1078876A discloses a medical stone tea set and tableware, which comprises purple sand, medical stone, red soil, Suzhou soil and purple wood. The tea set and tableware are made up through such technological steps as pulverizing, grinding, screening, extruding with living mud, storage, making blank, drying and roasting, but it can not prevent oil from permeating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a production method of purple sand tableware which has smooth surface, purple sand appearance, oil resistance and easy cleaning.
The production method of the easy-to-clean purple sand tableware comprises the following steps:
A. preparing materials: according to the weight percentage of 80-95 percent of purple sand ore and 5-20 percent of south red agate ore, the purple sand ore and the south red agate ore are crushed and mixed, water with the mass of 1-1.2 times is added, and the mixture is washed, sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, wet-type ball-milled, sieved by a 80-mesh sieve, deposited, desanded, sieved by a 160-mesh sieve and aged to form the purple sand material;
B. filter-pressing purple sand material, concentrating the liquid flowing out through the filter cloth to obtain young slurry with baume degree of 15-20 degrees, mixing and stirring the young slurry and the transparent ceramic glaze according to the weight ratio of 9: 1, grinding, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve, adding 0-3 wt% of a thickening agent, and diluting or concentrating to obtain glaze slurry with baume degree of 40-50 degrees;
C. putting the filter cake after filter pressing into a vacuum pug mill for refining, and then molding, trimming and drying to prepare a tableware biscuit;
D. the first glazing of the tableware biscuit, spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the tableware biscuit, the thickness of the glaze slip is 90-270 g per square meter, after drying, carrying out the first roasting at 900-920 ℃, cooling, then carrying out the second glazing, spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the biscuit, the thickness of the glaze slip is 90-270 g per square meter, after drying, carrying out the second roasting at 1150 +/-20 ℃ to obtain the finished tableware.
Preferably, the purple sand ore is selected from purple sand pottery ores in Cambodia county, Guangdong, Meizhou city.
Preferably, the south red agate ore is selected from onyun red agate ore from Yunnan Baoshan, Sichuan Liangshan, Gansu Jinshajiang and Liaoning Fuxin new producing area.
In the step B, the ceramic transparent glaze is preferably ceramic transparent glaze with the melting point of 600-800 ℃.
In the step D, the thickness of the first glazing is preferably 160-200 g of glaze slip per square meter. The second glazing is preferably carried out in a thickness of 150-200 g of glaze slip per square meter.
In the step D, the temperature rise process of the second roasting is as follows: the temperature rising speed is 200 plus or minus 50 ℃/h from the normal temperature to 300 ℃, 150 plus or minus 30 ℃/h from 300 ℃ to 600 ℃, 100 plus or minus 20 ℃/h from 600 ℃ to 1100 ℃, then the temperature rising speed is 50 plus or minus 10 ℃/h to 1150 plus or minus 20 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for 1 to 5 hours.
The purple sand tableware product manufactured by the invention has a milky red color, the glaze layer shows the color of the purple sand pottery, the surface layer is fused with the internal structure of the purple sand, the surface layer is glossy, smooth and beautiful, does not have oil stain, is easy to clean, and can be used as daily tableware.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are merely illustrative of embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the claims.
Example 1
Step one, batching: washing and selecting raw purple sand ore and onyx and water, and aging the raw purple sand agax onyx and onyx and onyx and x onyx and x onyx and onyx and x onyx agax onyx agax and onyx and x onyx agax onyx and onyx and x onyx agax onyx and x onyx, wherein x and x. Wherein: the origin of the raw purple sand ore is purple sand pottery clay in Dabu county, Mexico, Guangdong, and is weathered soft purplish red ore with high clay content. The Nanhong agate ore is selected from Nanhong agate ore of natural onyx onymus from Yunnan Baoshan.
Step two, ball milling: the purple sand material is ball milled by a wet type and sieved by a sieve of 80 meshes, pumped into a slurry pool to be stirred, precipitated, degritted to leave slurry, and sieved by a sieve of 160 meshes to form the slurry. The ball milling time is controlled to be about 36 hours, the longer the ball milling time is, the more the opal pulp is generated, but the material is ground to be too fine, which is not beneficial to molding and sintering.
Thirdly, filter pressing and taking the young pulp: pumping the slurry after ball milling into a slurry storage tank, uniformly stirring, carrying out filter pressing by using filter cloth, and evaporating and concentrating the opalescent liquid seeped through the filter cloth to obtain the young slurry with the Baume degree of 18 degrees. The water content of the purple sand mud cake in the filter cloth is less than 26 wt%.
Fourthly, preparing glaze slip;
mixing the young slurry water and the ceramic transparent glaze according to the weight ratio of 9: 1, sieving with a 180-mesh sieve after ball milling for 48 hours, adding a thickening agent which is 15 wt% of the total weight of the materials, mixing and stirring uniformly for about 2 hours, diluting with water or evaporating and concentrating to prepare glaze slurry with Baume degree of 45 degrees, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve again before using the glaze slurry.
The transparent ceramic glaze has a melting point of about 700 deg.C and is used for ceramic tableware with a firing temperature of 980-1020 deg.C.
The thickening agent can be selected from polyethylene glycol, citric acid, polyacrylic acid, polypeptide thickening agent such as gelatin, polysaccharide thickening agent such as starch, algal polysaccharide, carrageenan, agar, etc., and is a fluidity regulator of purple sand glaze slurry, and improves the uniformity of the glaze slurry.
Step four, refining mud: and (3) refining the filter-pressed mud cakes in a vacuum pugmill to enable the substances in the purple sand mud to be more uniform and to be refined into mud strips, ageing the mud strips for about 90 days, and refining the mud strips through vacuum pugmill to eliminate bubbles.
Fifthly, blank forming: rolling the purple sand mud into a tableware shape by using a roller press, wherein the tableware shape comprises a plate, a bowl, a basin and a spoon, and after molding, finely polishing the formed purple sand mud on a blank trimming machine, and airing the obtained blank to obtain a biscuit;
sixthly, glazing for the first time and firing: the method can be used for glazing in modes of soaking, spraying, brushing and the like, and the spraying mode is adopted in the embodiment, so that the thickness of the purple sand glaze layer is uniform, the purple sand glaze layer is easy to control, automatic spraying is facilitated, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
The biscuit is dried, sprayed with glaze for the first time, the thickness of the glaze slip is 183 g per square meter, and the biscuit is fired in a kiln at 900-920 ℃ after being dried.
The selection of a temperature of 900-920 c for the first firing allows partial melting and penetration of the enamel layer into the surface layer of the green body without excessive vitrification. If the first sintering temperature is too low, spraying secondary glaze, and separating the broken skin from the surface of the biscuit due to too thick glaze layer; after the first glazing, the firing is too high, the glaze layer is excessively vitrified, and the second glazing is difficult to adhere.
Seventhly, glazing for the second time and firing:
cooling the biscuit after the first firing to normal temperature, soaking the biscuit in water, airing or wiping the biscuit on the outer surface, spraying a second glaze with the thickness of 183 g of glaze slip per square meter, drying, and then loading into a kiln for second firing. The sintering process of the second glaze spraying is as follows: controlling the temperature from normal temperature to 300 ℃ to about 1.5 hours, and averagely 200 ℃/hour; controlling the temperature of 300-600 ℃ to about 2 hours, and averagely 150 ℃/hour; controlling the temperature of 600-1100 ℃ to about 5 hours, and averaging 100 ℃/hour; controlling the temperature of 1100-1150 ℃ to about 1 hour, and averagely 50 ℃/hour; keeping the temperature of 1150 ℃ for about 1.5 hours, and then naturally cooling to obtain the finished product of the purple sand tableware.
And eighthly, testing the performance of the finished purple sand tableware. The test contents comprise:
1. water absorption test: the water absorption of the finished purple sand tableware product is tested to be 2.5 percent according to the method for testing the water absorption of the GB/T3299-.
2. Oil stain adsorption test: soaking the finished purple sand tableware into grease consisting of 50wt% of lard oil and 50wt% of rapeseed oil, heating to 150 ℃, keeping the temperature constant for 1 hour, taking out, cleaning the finished purple sand tableware with detergent and clear water until no oil stain is found on the surface, and disinfecting the finished purple sand tableware in a disinfection cabinet until no oil stain is found. And (3) soaking the finished purple sand tableware in clean water at the constant temperature of 95 ℃ for 3 hours, taking out, cooling the clean water to the room temperature, and finding no floating oil stain on the surface of the clean water.
3. And (3) testing the heat and cold shock resistance: the finished purple sand tableware is kept at the constant temperature of 200 ℃ for 1 hour in an oven and then put into water with the temperature of 20 ℃ without cracking. The finished purple sand tableware is frozen in a refrigerator at the temperature of 18 ℃ below zero for 12 hours and then put into boiled water at the temperature of 20 ℃ and 100 ℃ respectively without cracking.
Example 2
Step one, batching: washing and selecting raw purple sand ore and onyx and water, and aging the raw purple sand agax onyx and onyx and onyx and x onyx and x onyx and onyx and x onyx agax onyx agax and onyx and x onyx agax onyx and onyx and x onyx agax onyx and x onyx, wherein x and x. Wherein: the origin of the raw purple sand ore is purple sand pottery clay in Dabu county, Mappia, Guangdong. The Nanhong Agate ore is selected from Nanhong Agate ore of native onyx at New Liaoning origin.
Step two, ball milling: the purple sand material is ball milled by a wet type and sieved by a sieve of 80 meshes, pumped into a slurry pool to be stirred, precipitated, degritted to leave slurry, and sieved by a sieve of 160 meshes to form the slurry. The ball milling time is controlled to be about 36 hours.
Thirdly, filter pressing and taking the young pulp: pumping the slurry after ball milling into a slurry storage tank, uniformly stirring, carrying out filter pressing by using filter cloth, and evaporating and concentrating the opalescent liquid seeped through the filter cloth to obtain the young slurry with the Baume degree of 16 degrees. The water content of the purple sand mud cake in the filter cloth is less than 26 wt%.
Fourthly, preparing glaze slip;
mixing the young slurry water and the ceramic transparent glaze according to the weight ratio of 9: 1, sieving with a 180-mesh sieve after ball milling for 48 hours, adding a thickening agent which is 15 wt% of the total weight of the materials, mixing and stirring uniformly for about 2 hours, adding water or evaporating and concentrating to prepare glaze slurry with Baume degree of 48 degrees, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve again before using the glaze slurry. The transparent ceramic glaze has a melting point of 600 deg.C and is used for ceramic tableware at firing temperature of 900-1000 deg.C.
Step four, refining mud: and (3) refining the filter-pressed mud cakes in a vacuum pugmill to obtain mud strips, ageing the mud strips for about 90 days, and refining the mud strips by vacuum pugmill to eliminate bubbles.
Fifthly, blank forming: rolling the purple sand mud into a tableware shape by using a roller press, wherein the tableware shape comprises a plate, a bowl, a basin and a spoon, and after molding, finely polishing the formed purple sand mud on a blank trimming machine, and airing the obtained blank to obtain a biscuit;
sixthly, glazing for the first time and firing: the biscuit is dried and then sprayed with glaze for the first time, the thickness of the glaze slip is 160 g per square meter, and the biscuit is fired in a kiln at 900-920 ℃.
Seventhly, glazing for the second time and firing: cooling the biscuit fired for the first time to normal temperature, soaking the biscuit in water, airing, spraying a second glaze with the thickness of 194 g per square meter, drying, and placing the biscuit in a kiln for the second firing. The sintering process of the second glaze spraying is as follows: controlling the temperature from normal temperature to 300 ℃ to about 1.5 hours, and averagely 200 ℃/hour; controlling the temperature of 300-600 ℃ to about 2 hours, and averagely 150 ℃/hour; controlling the temperature of 600-1100 ℃ to about 5 hours, and averaging 100 ℃/hour; controlling the temperature of 1100-1150 ℃ to about 1 hour, and averagely 50 ℃/hour; keeping the temperature of 1150 ℃ for about 1.5 hours, and then naturally cooling to obtain the finished product of the purple sand tableware.
And eighthly, testing the performance of the finished purple sand tableware. The test contents comprise:
1. water absorption test: the water absorption of the finished purple sand tableware product is tested to be 2.5 percent according to the method for testing the water absorption of the GB/T3299-.
2. Oil stain adsorption test: soaking the finished purple sand tableware into grease consisting of 50wt% of lard oil and 50wt% of rapeseed oil, heating to 150 ℃, keeping the temperature constant for 1 hour, taking out, cleaning the finished purple sand tableware with detergent and clear water until no oil stain is found on the surface, and disinfecting the finished purple sand tableware in a disinfection cabinet until no oil stain is found. And (3) soaking the finished purple sand tableware in clean water at the constant temperature of 95 ℃ for 3 hours, taking out, cooling the clean water to the room temperature, and finding no floating oil stain on the surface of the clean water.
3. And (3) testing the heat and cold shock resistance: the finished purple sand tableware is kept at the constant temperature of 200 ℃ for 1 hour in an oven and then put into water with the temperature of 20 ℃ without cracking. The finished purple sand tableware is frozen in a refrigerator at the temperature of 18 ℃ below zero for 12 hours and then put into boiled water at the temperature of 20 ℃ and 100 ℃ respectively without cracking.
Claims (7)
1. The production method of the easy-to-clean purple sand tableware is characterized by comprising the following steps
A. Preparing materials: according to the weight percentage of 80-95 percent of purple sand ore and 5-20 percent of south red agate ore, the purple sand ore and the south red agate ore are crushed and mixed, water with the mass of 1-1.2 times is added, and the mixture is washed, sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, wet-type ball-milled, sieved by a 80-mesh sieve, deposited, desanded, sieved by a 160-mesh sieve and aged to form the purple sand material;
B. filter-pressing purple sand material, concentrating the liquid flowing out through the filter cloth to obtain young slurry with baume degree of 15-20 degrees, mixing and stirring the young slurry and the transparent ceramic glaze according to the weight ratio of 9: 1, grinding, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve, adding 0-3 wt% of a thickening agent, and diluting or concentrating to obtain glaze slurry with baume degree of 40-50 degrees;
C. putting the filter cake after filter pressing into a vacuum pug mill for refining, and then molding, trimming and drying to prepare a tableware biscuit;
D. the first glazing of the tableware biscuit, spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the tableware biscuit, the thickness of the glaze slip is 90-270 g per square meter, after drying, carrying out the first roasting at 900-920 ℃, cooling, then carrying out the second glazing, spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the biscuit, the thickness of the glaze slip is 90-270 g per square meter, after drying, carrying out the second roasting at 1150 +/-20 ℃ to obtain the finished tableware.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the purple sand ore is selected from purple sand pottery ore in Cambodia county, Guangdong.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the south red agate ore is selected from onyun red agate ore from Yunnan Baoshan, Sichuan Liangshan, Gansu Jinshajiang, and Liaoning Fuxin New origin.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the ceramic clear glaze is selected from ceramic clear glazes having a melting point of 600 to 800 ℃.
5. The production method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the step D, the first glazing thickness is 160-200 g of glaze slip per square meter.
6. The production method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the step D, the second glazing thickness is 150-200 g of glaze slip per square meter.
7. The production method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the step D, the temperature rise process of the second roasting is as follows: the temperature rising speed is 200 plus or minus 50 ℃/h from the normal temperature to 300 ℃, 150 plus or minus 30 ℃/h from 300 ℃ to 600 ℃, 100 plus or minus 20 ℃/h from 600 ℃ to 1100 ℃, then the temperature rising speed is 50 plus or minus 10 ℃/h to 1150 plus or minus 20 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for 1 to 5 hours.
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| WO2018095048A1 (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-31 | 叶卫斌 | Application of water-soluble silicon glaze |
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| CN101244927A (en) * | 2008-03-02 | 2008-08-20 | 熊禄生 | Boccaro ceramic ware |
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Application publication date: 20211001 |