CN113461237A - Zero discharge system for salt wastewater treatment - Google Patents
Zero discharge system for salt wastewater treatment Download PDFInfo
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
Abstract
The invention discloses a salt wastewater treatment zero-discharge system, which belongs to the field of water treatment of thermal power plants and comprises a pretreatment system, a salt separation and purification system, a regeneration system and a production system; the pretreatment system comprises a calcium and sulfur removal fluidized bed, a magnesium removal tank, a calcium removal tank, an ultrafiltration device and a neutralization decarburization tank, and the invention takes the reduction of salt introduction from the outside as a starting point, realizes the internal circulation treatment process of salt in the water treatment system of the power plant, and realizes the harmless treatment and resource recycling of the sewage and waste of the thermal power plant. The method has the advantages of obtaining environmental benefits and social benefits, obtaining economic benefits and realizing 'sustainability, emission reduction, consumption reduction and efficiency improvement' of the thermal power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment of thermal power plants, in particular to a salt wastewater treatment zero-discharge system.
Background
In order to meet the environmental protection requirements of the state on thermal power plants, domestic thermal power plants develop 'zero emission' engineering practices for treating tail-end wastewater (high-salinity wastewater mainly comprising desulfurized wastewater) at a time, and the engineering practices have both successful cases and failed teaching and training.
The overall route of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge treatment can be basically summarized as the combination of three parts of pretreatment → concentration and decrement → solid-liquid separation. There are three specific forms, the first: pretreatment → membrane concentration → evaporative crystallization process; and the second method comprises the following steps: pretreatment → membrane concentration → flue evaporation process; and the third is that: low-temperature flue gas flash evaporation → concentrated solution drying process. The three modes uniformly have certain defects; for example, a large amount of salt needs to be added in the treatment process for reaction treatment, so that the treatment cost is increased, meanwhile, a large amount of other salt is generated in the treatment process, secondary treatment is needed, the enterprise burden is increased, and the zero emission requirement cannot be completely met.
Based on the above, the invention designs a salt wastewater treatment zero-discharge system to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Solves the technical problem
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a salt wastewater treatment zero-discharge system.
Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a salt wastewater treatment zero-discharge system comprises a pretreatment system, a salt separation and purification system, a regeneration system and a production system; the pretreatment system comprises a calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, a magnesium-removing tank, a calcium-removing tank, an ultrafiltration device and a neutralization decarbonization tank.
Further, the calcium and sulfur removing fluidized bed comprises: the wastewater circularly flows in the calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, lime milk and a flocculating agent are added in the calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, and calcium ions in the lime milk and SO in the wastewater are mixed by the lime milk and the flocculating agent4 2-Calcium sulfate precipitation is generated through reaction, and the precipitated calcium sulfate flows into a limestone slurry tank.
Further, the magnesium removal tank: removal of SO4 2-The wastewater enters a magnesium removal pool, alkaline water and Mg are added into the magnesium removal pool2+With OH in alkaline water-Reaction to form Mg (OH)2。
Further, the decalcification tank: removal of Mg2+The wastewater enters a calcium removal tank, and then sodium carbonate solution and Ca in the wastewater are added into the calcium removal tank2+With CO3 2-Reaction to form CaCO3Precipitation, CaCO3The precipitated calcium sulfate flows into the limestone slurry tank.
Further, the ultrafiltration device removes Ca2+The wastewater enters an ultrafiltration device to filter small particle impurities, alkaline water or acidic water is added into the ultrafiltration device to adjust the pH value to 8-10 before filtration, and a strong oxidant is added to remove organic matters.
Further, the neutralization and decarbonization tank: the wastewater after ultrafiltration enters a neutralization decarburization pool, and then acidic water enters the neutralization decarburization pool, H+With trace CO in the waste water3 2-Reaction to CO2A gas.
Further, the salt separation and purification system consists of a chelating bed and a filtering device, wherein the chelating bed: the wastewater without ions enters a chelating bed for chelating treatment, and resin is adopted to adsorb multivalent cations in the water.
Furthermore, the chelated waste water enters the filtering device, and the filtering device comprises a nanofiltration device, a nanofiltration concentrated water tank, a nanofiltration water production tank, a sea fresh device, a sodium sulfate solution tank and a sodium chloride solution tank.
Furthermore, the wastewater enters a reducing agent and a scale inhibitor before entering the nanofiltration device.
Furthermore, the produced water passing through the nanofiltration device enters a nanofiltration water production tank, the produced water not subjected to nanofiltration device enters a nanofiltration concentrated water tank, the nanofiltration water production tank and the nanofiltration concentrated water tank respectively enter a sea-fresh device, the water in the nanofiltration concentrated water tank passes through the sea-fresh device to generate RO produced water and a sodium sulfate solution, the sodium sulfate solution is stored in a sodium sulfate solution tank, the produced water in the nanofiltration water production tank passes through the sea-fresh device to generate a RO produced water and a sodium chloride mixed solution, and the sodium chloride is easily mixed and stored in the sodium chloride solution tank.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention takes the 'reduction of salt introduction from the outside' as the starting point, realizes the 'internal circulation' treatment process of salt in the water treatment system of the power plant, and realizes the harmless treatment and resource recycling of the sewage and waste of the thermal power plant. The method has the advantages of obtaining environmental benefits and social benefits, obtaining economic benefits and realizing 'sustainability, emission reduction, consumption reduction and efficiency improvement' of the thermal power plant.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the zero discharge system for the quality-based treatment of the high-salinity wastewater of the power plant comprises a pretreatment system, a salt separation and purification system, a regeneration system and a production system;
the pretreatment system comprises a calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, a magnesium-removing tank, a calcium-removing tank, an ultrafiltration device and a neutralization decarbonization tank;
the wastewater circularly flows in the calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, lime milk and a flocculating agent are added in the calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, and calcium ions in the lime milk and SO in the wastewater are mixed by the lime milk and the flocculating agent4 2-Calcium sulfate precipitation is generated through reaction, and the precipitated calcium sulfate flows into a limestone slurry tank;
removal of SO4 2-The wastewater enters a magnesium removal pool, alkaline water and Mg are added into the magnesium removal pool2+With OH in alkaline water-Reaction to form Mg (OH)2Mixing of Mg (OH)2Adding the coal-containing wastewater into a coal-containing wastewater system for use as a decolorizing agent and a flocculating agent, and simultaneously, adding Mg (OH)2The flame retardant can also be added into the fire-fighting field to be used as a flame retardant;
removal of Mg2+The wastewater enters a calcium removal tank, and then sodium carbonate solution and Ca in the wastewater are added into the calcium removal tank2+With CO3 2-Reaction to form CaCO3Precipitation, CaCO3The precipitated calcium sulfate flows into a limestone slurry tank, and CaCO is added3Converted into crystal calcium carbonate, sent to a desulfurizing tower to be reused as a desulfurizing agent, and simultaneously CO is removed3 2-The system is recycled, so that scaling, fouling and blockage of the system are avoided;
removal of Ca2+The wastewater enters an ultrafiltration device to filter small particle impurities, alkaline water or acidic water is added into the ultrafiltration device to adjust the pH to 8-10 before filtration, and a strong oxidant is added to remove organic matters;
the wastewater after ultrafiltration enters a neutralization decarburization pool, and then acidic water enters the neutralization decarburization pool, H+With trace CO in the waste water3 2-Reaction to CO2Gas of CO3 2-The method is complete, so that the scale and dirt blockage of the system is further avoided, the cleanliness of the system is favorably improved, and the system is favorably used for continuous treatment; discharged CO2Absorbing gas with alkaline water to generate sodium carbonate, adding into a calcium removal tank, and adding CO2And when the gas is insufficient, part of the flue gas is extracted for supplement.
The salt separation and purification system consists of a chelating bed and a filtering device, the wastewater with ions removed enters the chelating bed for chelating treatment, and resin can be adopted to adsorb multivalent cations in the water so as to reduce the content of residual heavy metals in the wastewater to 100 ppb;
the wastewater after chelation treatment enters a filtering device, and the filtering device comprises a nanofiltration device, a nanofiltration concentrated water tank, a nanofiltration water production tank, a sea-fresh device, a sodium sulfate solution tank and a sodium chloride solution tank;
before the wastewater enters a nanofiltration device, a reducing agent and a scale inhibitor are added into the wastewater, wherein the reducing agent is NaHSO with the mass concentration of 12%3Adding a 12-fold concentrated solution of reverse osmosis scale inhibitor PTP-0100 with the adding concentration of 5-10mg/L into the solution of 3-6 mg/L;
the method takes the 'reduction of salt introduction from the outside' as the starting point, realizes the 'internal circulation' treatment process of salt in the water treatment system of the power plant, and realizes the harmless treatment and resource recycling of the sewage and waste of the thermal power plant. The method has the advantages that the method obtains environmental benefits and social benefits, obtains economic benefits and realizes 'sustainability, emission reduction, consumption reduction and efficiency improvement' of the thermal power plant;
the water produced by the nanofiltration device enters a nanofiltration water production tank, the water produced by the nanofiltration device enters a nanofiltration concentrated water tank, the nanofiltration water production tank and the nanofiltration concentrated water tank respectively enter a sea fresh water device, the water in the nanofiltration concentrated water tank passes through the sea fresh water device to generate RO water and a sodium sulfate solution, the sodium sulfate solution is stored in a sodium sulfate solution tank, the water produced in the nanofiltration water production tank passes through the sea fresh water device to generate a mixed solution of RO water and sodium chloride, and the sodium chloride is easily mixed and stored in a sodium chloride solution tank;
the regeneration system comprises a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, an acidic water storage tank, an alkaline water storage tank, an electrolysis chlorine production device and a sodium hypochlorite storage tank;
the regeneration system is composed of acid solution, alkali solution and sodium hypochlorite solution which are formed by mutual coupling of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device and a sodium hypochlorite generator
In a production system of an acid solution, an alkali solution and a sodium hypochlorite solution which are formed by mutually coupling a bipolar membrane electrodialysis device and a sodium hypochlorite generator, the sodium sulfate solution enters the bipolar membrane electrodialysis, the bipolar membrane electrodialysis carries out electrolysis on the sodium sulfate solution to form acidic (sulfuric acid) water and alkaline (sodium hydroxide) water, the acidic (sulfuric acid) water is stored in an acidic (sulfuric acid) water storage tank, the alkaline water is stored in an alkaline water storage tank, and the sodium sulfate solution after being electrolyzed and diluted is rolled into a sea fresh device again for re-concentration;
the sodium chloride solution enters a bipolar membrane electrodialysis, the bipolar membrane electrodialysis carries out electrolysis on the sodium chloride solution to form acidic (hydrochloric acid) water, alkaline water and a sodium chloride diluted solution (4%), the sodium chloride diluted solution is added into an electrolytic chlorine preparation device to be electrolyzed into a hypochlorous acid solution, and the hypochlorous acid solution is stored in a sodium hypochlorite storage tank;
electrodialysis is carried out through bipolar membrane electrodialysis of a regeneration system to obtain acidic water and alkaline water, and the alkaline water can be used for regeneration of a high-speed mixed bed plasma exchanger, a magnesium removal tank and an ultrafiltration device, and pH value adjustment of a flocculating agent for reutilization; the acidic (sulfuric) water is mainly used as industrial circulating water for acid-adding treatment. Cl in sodium chloride solution－The bipolar membrane is used for producing acid water and hypochlorous acid solution, the acid (hydrochloric acid) water is used as a pH value regulator of systems such as a high-integrity mixed bed regenerant, industrial circulating water, industrial wastewater, deionized water and the like necessary for a power plant, and the hypochlorous acid solution can be used as an oxidation biocide for treating the industrial circulating water and domestic sewage.
The alkaline water can be used for regenerating a high-speed mixed bed plasma exchanger, adjusting the pH value of a magnesium removal pool and an ultrafiltration device and a flocculating agent for reutilization; the acidic (sulfuric) water is mainly used as industrial circulating water for acid-adding treatment. Cl in sodium chloride solution－The bipolar membrane is used for producing acid water and hypochlorous acid solution, the acid (hydrochloric acid) water is used as a pH value regulator of systems such as a high-integrity mixed bed regenerant, industrial circulating water, industrial wastewater, deionized water and the like necessary for a power plant, and the hypochlorous acid solution can be used as an oxidation biocide for treating the industrial circulating water and domestic sewage.
A coagulant production system consisting of a magnesium agent flocculant and a polyferric chloride generator and a production system consisting of a carbon dioxide adsorption tower;
adding acidic (hydrochloric acid) water electrolyzed by sodium chloride solution electrodialysis into a flocculating agent generator, reacting with scrap iron under a circulating condition to generate ferrous chloride, oxidizing with sodium hypochlorite generated in an electrolytic chlorine preparation device, and aging and polymerizing to form a polymeric chloride (sulfuric acid) ferric chloride flocculating agent which can be used as a flocculating agent in systems such as thermal power plant clear water pretreatment, coal-containing wastewater treatment, desulfurization wastewater treatment and the like; simultaneously, compounding magnesium hydroxide generated by a magnesium removal tank and a polymeric chloride (sulfuric acid) ferric oxide flocculant to serve as a flocculation decolorizing agent of the coal-containing wastewater; the carbon dioxide discharged from the neutralization decarbonizer and the carbon dioxide in the extracted part of the flue gas are absorbed by alkaline water to prepare sodium carbonate, the sodium carbonate is added into a calcium removal pool to reduce the hardness of water, and the main component of discharged mud is calcium carbonate which is sent to a desulfurizing tower to be used as a desulfurizing agent. The whole zero emission reduces the addition of external raw materials and reduces the treatment cost.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (10)
1. A zero discharge system of salt waste water treatment which characterized in that: comprises a pretreatment system, a salt separation and purification system, a regeneration system and a production system; the pretreatment system comprises a calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, a magnesium-removing tank, a calcium-removing tank, an ultrafiltration device and a neutralization decarbonization tank.
2. The saline wastewater treatment zero-emission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium and sulfur removal fluidized bed is: the wastewater circularly flows in the calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, lime milk and a flocculating agent are added in the calcium-removing and sulfur-removing fluidized bed, and calcium ions in the lime milk and SO in the wastewater are mixed by the lime milk and the flocculating agent4 2-Calcium sulfate precipitation is generated through reaction, and the precipitated calcium sulfate flows into a limestone slurry tank.
3. According to claimThe salt wastewater treatment zero-discharge system of claim 2, characterized in that the magnesium removal tank: removal of SO4 2-The wastewater enters a magnesium removal pool, alkaline water and Mg are added into the magnesium removal pool2+With OH in alkaline water-Reaction to form Mg (OH)2。
4. The saline wastewater treatment zero-discharge system according to claim 3, wherein the decalcifying tank: removal of Mg2+The wastewater enters a calcium removal tank, and then sodium carbonate solution and Ca in the wastewater are added into the calcium removal tank2+With CO3 2-Reaction to form CaCO3Precipitation, CaCO3The precipitated calcium sulfate flows into the limestone slurry tank.
5. The saline wastewater treatment zero-discharge system of claim 4, wherein the ultrafiltration device removes Ca2 +The wastewater enters an ultrafiltration device to filter small particle impurities, alkaline water or acidic water is added into the ultrafiltration device to adjust the pH value to 8-10 before filtration, and a strong oxidant is added to remove organic matters.
6. The saline wastewater treatment zero-emission system of claim 5, wherein the neutralization and decarbonization tank is characterized in that: the wastewater after ultrafiltration enters a neutralization decarburization pool, and then acidic water enters the neutralization decarburization pool, H+With trace CO in the waste water3 2-Reaction to CO2A gas.
7. The zero-emission salt wastewater treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the salt separation and purification system comprises a chelating bed and a filtering device, and the chelating bed: the wastewater without ions enters a chelating bed for chelating treatment, and resin is adopted to adsorb multivalent cations in the water.
8. The saline wastewater treatment zero-discharge system according to claim 7, wherein the chelated wastewater enters the filtering device, and the filtering device comprises a nanofiltration device, a nanofiltration concentrated water tank, a nanofiltration water production tank, a desalination device, a sodium sulfate solution tank and a sodium chloride solution tank.
9. The saline wastewater treatment zero-discharge system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the wastewater enters the reducing agent and the scale inhibitor before entering the nanofiltration device.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the water produced by the nanofiltration device enters a nanofiltration water tank, the water produced by the nanofiltration device enters a nanofiltration concentrated water tank, the nanofiltration water tank and the nanofiltration concentrated water tank respectively enter a desalination device, the water in the nanofiltration concentrated water tank passes through the desalination device to produce RO water and a sodium sulfate solution, the sodium sulfate solution is stored in the sodium sulfate solution tank, the water produced in the nanofiltration water tank passes through the desalination device to produce RO water and a sodium chloride mixed solution, and the sodium chloride mixed solution is easily stored in the sodium chloride solution tank.
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| CN114632787A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-06-17 | 中化(浙江)膜产业发展有限公司 | Industrial salt carbon trapping process |
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| CN114632787A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-06-17 | 中化(浙江)膜产业发展有限公司 | Industrial salt carbon trapping process |
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