CN113461152A - Biological composite carbon source utilizing blue algae and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological composite carbon source utilizing blue algae and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113461152A CN113461152A CN202110777080.1A CN202110777080A CN113461152A CN 113461152 A CN113461152 A CN 113461152A CN 202110777080 A CN202110777080 A CN 202110777080A CN 113461152 A CN113461152 A CN 113461152A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/165—Natural alumino-silicates, e.g. zeolites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/32—Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological composite carbon source utilizing blue algae, which is formed by mixing 30-38% of blue algae fermentation liquor by mass, 35-42% of crude glycerol by mass and the balance of water. The invention also provides a preparation method of the biological composite carbon source, which comprises the steps of carrying out flotation separation, filter pressing, wall breaking, ultrahigh pressure and thin-layer pressing on the blue algae water, then carrying out acidification fermentation in a hydrolysis fermentation tank to obtain blue algae fermentation liquor, then adding NaOH, CaO and zeolite, and fully stirring and mixing the blue algae fermentation liquor, the crude glycerol and the water according to a certain number of proportions to obtain the required biological composite carbon source. The biological composite carbon source provided by the invention has the advantages of high denitrification rate, good phosphorus and nitrogen removal effect, high safety and low cost, and solves the problems of high operation cost of a sewage treatment plant and difficult biological nitrogen removal caused by the shortage of carbon sources and an external carbon source commonly existing in the current sewage treatment plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blue algae resource utilization technology, in particular to a technology for extracting organic matters in blue algae and mixing the organic matters with crude glycerol to be used as a composite denitrification external carbon source. Belongs to the field of blue algae treatment and water treatment.
Background
Due to the rapid development of society, a large amount of wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus enters a water body to cause eutrophication of the water body, so that algae can be rapidly propagated, a large amount of dissolved matters in the water are consumed, the water quality is deteriorated, and the wastewater floats on the water surface after forming water bloom. The ecological environment is seriously damaged. The Taihu lake is a severe disaster area of blue algae outbreak, about 10 ten thousand tons of dehydrated algae mud is generated after the algae water is fished every year only without tin, and the quantity of the dehydrated algae mud is only less than 10 percent of the blue algae outbreak quantity. At present, the main mode for treating the blue algae outbreak is to salvage the blue algae, separate the blue algae from water and filter press the blue algae. The algae mud after filter pressing is mainly used for preparing organic fertilizer, producing methane, nourishing hermetia illucens and the like. Because the resource utilization mode has low added value, is influenced by economic benefits and cannot be popularized in large quantities, a resource utilization technology for efficiently utilizing blue algae resources and changing waste into valuable is urgently needed. The blue algae is rich in organic matters, volatile organic acids can be generated through the anaerobic fermentation by breaking walls of blue algae cells, the volatile organic acids mainly comprise acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, the blue algae can be used as high-quality carbon sources of sewage treatment plants, and the blue algae has wide sources and is guaranteed as raw materials. Crude glycerol is a byproduct in the biodiesel production process, and green treatment and application of the crude glycerol are the subjects of urgent research.
In addition, the discharge requirement of China on sewage treatment is higher and higher, particularly the requirement on the total nitrogen index in sewage discharge is strict, in order to meet the requirements on nitrogen and phosphorus removal, a carbon source needs to be added and supplemented in the sewage treatment to achieve the C/N ratio required by the nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and the carbon source added in the conventional sewage treatment plant mainly comprises chemical products such as methanol, sodium acetate, glucose and the like, but the problems of safety in the use process and increase of the operation cost exist. Therefore, there is a need to develop a more inexpensive and effective organic carbon source.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems to be solved, the invention provides a high-efficiency biological composite carbon source for utilizing blue algae and a preparation method of the composite carbon source.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a biological composite carbon source utilizing blue algae is characterized in that: the blue algae fermentation broth is prepared by mixing 30-38% of blue algae fermentation broth, 35-42% of crude glycerol and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the composite carbon source comprises the following steps
Firstly, respectively carrying out flotation separation, filter pressing, wall breaking, ultrahigh pressure and thin-layer pressing on blue algae water, and then carrying out acidification fermentation in a hydrolysis fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 35-55 ℃, and the pH value is 9-11, so as to obtain fermentation liquor containing organic acid, nitrogen and phosphorus;
then slowly adding NaOH, CaO and zeolite under a stirring state, wherein the adding amount of the NaOH and the CaO is according to the ratio of Na: ca: the molar ratio of P is 1.5-2: 5-8: 1, adding the zeolite according to the weight ratio of the zeolite: the mass ratio of N is 2.5-4: 1, and the content of the nitrogen and phosphorus in the blue algae fermentation liquor is removed, wherein N is the total nitrogen content in the fermentation liquor, and P is the total phosphorus content in the fermentation liquor;
and then the blue algae fermentation liquor, the crude glycerol and the water are fully stirred and mixed according to the number proportion to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
The acidification fermentation time of the cyanobacteria water in the hydrolysis fermentation tank is 10-15 days (by a small experiment, when the fermentation time is 10-15 days, the organic acid content released by the cyanobacteria mud is the highest, and only part of methane is generated at the same time).
The NaOH solution had a mass concentration of 30% (mass concentration, refer to patent No. CN 108947118A).
Mixing 32% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 36% of crude glycerol and 32% of water by mass to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
Mixing 35% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 38% of crude glycerol and 27% of water by mass to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
Mixing 38% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 42% of crude glycerol and 20% of water by mass to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
The blue algae fermentation liquor, the crude glycerol and the water are fully stirred and mixed under the water bath heating condition of 30 ℃.
The addition amount of NaOH, CaO and zeolite added is according to Na: ca: the molar ratio of P is 2: 6: 1, zeolite: adding the N into the fermentation liquor at a mass ratio of 3: 1.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a preparation method of a high-efficiency biological composite carbon source, which comprises the following steps: after the algae mud is kneaded at a high speed, the intercellular space water and free water are structurally damaged, and then the algae mud is pressed by a high-pressure pressing device, so that the algae mud has the characteristics of high decomposition speed and the like, and has the advantage of quickly releasing cell substances in a short time; in addition, the mixed alkali treatment of NaOH and CaO not only adjusts the pH value and removes nitrogen and phosphorus in the fermentation liquor, but also is beneficial to hydrolyzing and decomposing macromolecular organic matters (carbohydrates, proteins and the like) into smaller soluble substances.
2. The biological composite carbon source prepared by the invention solves the problems of high operation cost of the sewage treatment plant and difficult biological denitrification caused by the shortage of carbon sources commonly existing in the sewage treatment plant and the additional carbon source at present.
3. The concentrated algae mud is fermented without large equipment, the investment cost is low, the operating cost is low, the denitrification rate of the blue algae fermentation liquid is high, and the phosphorus removal effect is good.
4. The fermentation liquor of the cyanobacteria mud is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus besides a large amount of organic acids. In the fermentation process, phosphorus and nitrogen removing materials are added, and the generated calcium phosphate and zeolite for absorbing ammonia nitrogen can be used as high-efficiency slow-release fertilizer raw materials, so that the blue algae is used as much as possible.
5. The raw materials of the invention are blue algae and crude glycerol, which not only has low cost and rich sources, but also meets the current requirements of 'reduction and resource' treatment and utilization of wastes, and explores a new way of resource utilization of the blue algae and the crude glycerol.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for preparing biological composite carbon source by using cyanobacteria.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the examples.
The invention relates to a method for preparing a biological composite carbon source by using blue algae, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out flotation separation on 50L of algae water, feeding algae residues subjected to flotation into a spiral shell stacking machine for primary filter pressing to obtain algae mud with the water content of about 85%, feeding the algae mud into a wall breaking device through a plunger pump, wherein the wall breaking device is of a closed structure, carrying out multiple forward and reverse high-pressure release shearing processes on the algae mud in the wall breaking device, repeatedly kneading at high speed to break a cell wall structure, and releasing organic substances (carbohydrate, protein and the like) in blue algae cells and extracellular polymers. The algae mud after the wall breaking enters ultrahigh pressure thin layer squeezing equipment to be squeezed for the second stage, the volume of the algae mud after the wall breaking is kneaded at a high speed in the second stage high pressure squeezing process is reduced, the water content is reduced to 60%, and the subsequent treatment is facilitated. And recovering the squeezed cell sap, and fermenting together in the step two.
And step two, mixing the concentrated algae mud and the concentrated filter pressing liquid, feeding the mixture into a hydrolysis acidification tank for fermentation, installing a hydraulic transmission system at the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification tank, and stirring the algae mud for 2 hours at regular time through a stirring system arranged in the tank. By controlling the temperature and the pH value, the algae mud can generate a large amount of organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and the like in the fermentation process, and can release a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus. According to the technical scheme, 45 g of 30% (w/w) NaOH and 135 g of CaO mixed alkali are added and fully stirred to react with phosphorus in fermentation liquor to generate calcium phosphate precipitate, so that the phosphorus in the algae mud is removed. 250 g of ground zeolite is added into a fermentation tank, stirring reaction is carried out to realize the adsorption of nitrogen in the algae mud, and the organic fermentation liquid after nitrogen and phosphorus removal can be used as a carbon source. The residual algae residue mixture can be used as a slow-release organic fertilizer.
Step three, at normal temperature, fully stirring and mixing the fermentation liquor obtained in the step with water in a mixing tank according to a certain proportion by a dispersion stirrer to ensure that the materials are quickly and completely homogenized; then mixing the mixed solution with crude glycerol under the water bath heating condition of 30 ℃, and continuously stirring for 2 hours; and finally, closing the heating device. And (3) waiting for the mixed solution in the mixing tank to be cooled to room temperature, taking out the mixed solution after the room temperature, and sealing to obtain the biological composite carbon source. The pH is adjusted by adding NaOH and CaO mixed base, pH = 9-11.
The temperature of the fermentation tank is 35-55 ℃.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the invention for preparing a biological composite carbon source by using blue algae, wherein the blue algae is subjected to flotation separation and filter pressing to obtain primary algae mud (with water content of 85%), then is subjected to steps of shearing and kneading in a wall breaking device and the like to obtain primary algae mud, and is pressed in a high-pressure pressing tank to obtain secondary algae mud (with water content of 60%), the secondary algae mud and cell sap obtained by high-pressure pressing are subjected to acidification fermentation to obtain fermentation liquor containing organic acid, nitrogen and phosphorus, the fermentation liquor is subjected to pH value adjustment and NaOH, CaO and zeolite are added to obtain fermentation liquor without nitrogen and phosphorus, and the fermentation liquor and crude glycerol are fully stirred and mixed at normal temperature according to a ratio to obtain the biological composite carbon source.
Several key parameter settings are required in the present invention: pH, temperature, reaction time. Because of the biological reactions involved, the microorganisms have different reactivity under different pH values and temperature conditions, so that the carbon source yield is different. In the invention, the pH value range is 9-11, the selected fermentation temperature range is 35-55 ℃, and the fermentation time range is 10-15 days.
The effects of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples.
Example 1:
1. a biological composite carbon source prepared by using blue algae comprises 32% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 36% of crude glycerol and 32% of water by mass of active ingredients.
2. A method for preparing biological composite carbon source by using blue algae comprises mixing blue algae fermentation liquid, crude glycerol and water.
3. An application method of a biological composite carbon source prepared by using blue algae is to add the composite carbon source into sewage (T is 25 ℃, pH value is 9, nitrate nitrogen concentration is 30 mg/L, and COD is 200mg/L) for nitrogen removal.
Example 2:
1. a biological composite carbon source prepared by using blue algae comprises 35% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 38% of crude glycerol and 27% of water by mass of active ingredients.
2. A method for preparing biological composite carbon source by using blue algae comprises mixing blue algae fermentation liquid, crude glycerol and water.
3. An application method of a biological composite carbon source prepared by using blue algae is to add the composite carbon source into sewage (T is 25 ℃, pH value is 9, nitrate nitrogen concentration is 30 mg/L, and COD is 200mg/L) for nitrogen removal.
Example 3:
1. a biological composite carbon source prepared by using blue algae comprises 38% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 42% of crude glycerol and 20% of water by mass of active ingredients.
2. A method for preparing biological composite carbon source by using blue algae comprises mixing blue algae fermentation liquid, crude glycerol and water.
3. An application method of a biological composite carbon source prepared by using blue algae is to add the composite carbon source into sewage (T is 25 ℃, pH value is 9, nitrate nitrogen concentration is 30 mg/L, and COD is 200mg/L) for nitrogen removal.
Comparative example 1:
the composite carbon source in the inventive examples 1, 2 and 3 was compared with the comparative example 2, wherein the method of the comparative example 1 was: only 38% of the fermentation liquid and 62% of water were added, and other conditions such as temperature and pH were the same as in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention (this comparative example was a composite carbon source composition ratio for proving a good nitrogen removal effect compared with a composite carbon source having a different composition ratio).
Comparative example 2:
the composite carbon source in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention was compared with the comparative example 3, wherein the method of the comparative example 2 was: only 42% of raw glycerol and 58% of water were added, and other conditions such as temperature and pH were the same as in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention (this comparative example was a composite carbon source composition ratio for proving a good nitrogen removal effect compared with a composite carbon source having a different composition ratio).
Comparative example 3:
the composite carbon source in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention was compared with comparative example 3, wherein the method of comparative example 3 was: only 40% of sodium acetate and 60% of water were added, and other conditions such as temperature and pH were the same as in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention (this comparative example was a composite carbon source composition ratio for demonstrating a good nitrogen removal effect compared with a composite carbon source having a different composition ratio).
Comparative example 4:
the composite carbon source in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention was compared with comparative example 4, wherein the method of comparative example 2 was: only 40% of methanol and 60% of water were added, and other conditions such as temperature and pH were the same as in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention (this comparative example was a composite carbon source composition ratio for proving a good nitrogen removal effect compared with a composite carbon source having a different composition ratio).
Comparative example 5:
the composite carbon source in the inventive examples 1, 2 and 3 was compared with the comparative example 5, wherein the method of the comparative example 2 was: only 40% of glucose and 60% of water were added, and other conditions such as temperature and pH were the same as in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention (this comparative example was a composite carbon source composition ratio for proving a good nitrogen removal effect compared with a composite carbon source having a different composition ratio).
The experimental data of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the removal rates of 3 to 5 nitrate nitrogen in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples are higher than those in comparative examples 1 and 2, the COD concentrations of 3 to 5 effluent water in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples are lower than those in comparative examples 1 and 2, and both the removal rates of nitrate nitrogen and the COD concentrations of effluent water are equivalent to those of 3 to 5 in comparative examples. However, as sodium acetate is mostly liquid, the adding amount is large and the transportation cost is high; the methanol is not only flammable and explosive, but also has a certain toxic effect when being added as a carbon source; the sludge amount is easy to increase when the glucose is added, so that the sludge treatment cost is increased, and the biological composite carbon sources with different proportions of the invention solve the technical defects and show excellent removal effect on nitrate nitrogen and COD.
In conclusion, when the composite biological nitrogen source with different proportions comprises 38% of the blue algae fermentation liquor, 42% of crude glycerol and 20% of water, the effect is best, nitrate nitrogen can be effectively removed, the COD concentration of effluent water is reduced, and the nitrogen removal efficiency is improved.
Claims (9)
1. A biological composite carbon source utilizing blue algae is characterized in that: the blue algae fermentation broth is prepared by mixing 30-38% of blue algae fermentation broth, 35-42% of crude glycerol and the balance of water.
2. The method for preparing a biological complex carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 1, comprising: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively carrying out flotation separation, filter pressing, wall breaking, ultrahigh pressure and thin-layer pressing on blue algae water, and then carrying out acidification fermentation in a hydrolysis fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 35-55 ℃, and the pH value is 9-11, so as to obtain fermentation liquor containing organic acid, nitrogen and phosphorus;
then slowly adding NaOH, CaO and zeolite under a stirring state, wherein the adding amount of the NaOH, the CaO and the zeolite is according to the ratio of Na: ca: the molar ratio of P is 1.5-2: 5-8: 1, zeolite: the mass ratio of N is 2.5-4: 1, thereby obtaining the blue algae fermentation liquor with nitrogen and phosphorus removed, wherein N is the total nitrogen content in the fermentation liquor, and P is the total phosphorus content in the fermentation liquor;
and then the blue algae fermentation liquor, the crude glycerol and the water are fully stirred and mixed according to the number proportion to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
3. The method for preparing a biological composite carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the acidification fermentation time of the cyanobacteria water in the hydrolysis fermentation tank is 10-15 days.
4. The method for preparing a biological composite carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass concentration of the NaOH solution is 30 percent.
5. The method for preparing a biological composite carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing 32% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 36% of crude glycerol and 32% of water by mass to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
6. The method for preparing a biological composite carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing 35% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 38% of crude glycerol and 27% of water by mass to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
7. The method for preparing a biological composite carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing 38% of blue algae fermentation liquor, 42% of crude glycerol and 20% of water by mass to obtain the required biological composite carbon source.
8. The method for preparing a biological composite carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the blue algae fermentation liquor, the crude glycerol and the water are fully stirred and mixed under the water bath heating condition of 30 ℃.
9. The method for preparing a biological composite carbon source using cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the addition amount of NaOH, CaO and zeolite added is according to Na: ca: the molar ratio of P is 2: 6: 1, zeolite: the mass ratio of N is 3:1 to the fermentation broth.
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