CN113457430A - Anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler - Google Patents

Anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler Download PDF

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CN113457430A
CN113457430A CN202110874730.4A CN202110874730A CN113457430A CN 113457430 A CN113457430 A CN 113457430A CN 202110874730 A CN202110874730 A CN 202110874730A CN 113457430 A CN113457430 A CN 113457430A
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deodorization
filler
acid
composite filler
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刘贤斌
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Wuhan Purgelon Environmental Engineering Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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Abstract

The invention provides a hardening-preventing and acid-etching-resistant fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler, which is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 70-80% of original ecological bamboo charcoal; 1% -2% of plastic hollow spheres/pall rings; 8 to 12 percent of pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell blocks; 2 to 3 percent of light biological ceramsite; 9 to 13 percent of oyster shell/oyster shell. The composite filler is suitable for the attachment growth of deodorization microorganisms, has easily obtained raw materials, wide sources, high porosity and porosity, light weight, small air resistance and large biological loading capacity, resists acid production corrosion of the microorganisms and neutralizes acid production, and has small collapse after long-term operation; the deodorization device has the advantages of high deodorization efficiency, long service life, easy later supplement, strong use independence, low carbon, energy conservation, low use cost and high cost performance.

Description

Anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deodorization packing, particularly relates to the technical field of packing of a malodorous gas microbial deodorization filter/tower, and particularly relates to a hardening-preventing acid-corrosion-resistant fluffy type biological deodorization composite packing.
Background
Odor pollutants are gaseous substances that stimulate olfactory senses, cause unpleasant feelings to people and damage living environments. The odor pollution is wide in distribution and large in influence range, for example, in the sewage treatment process, sewage lifting pump stations, grating chambers, aeration grit chambers, primary settling tanks, anaerobic biochemical tanks and the like are arranged; sludge concentration, dehydration, drying, transportation and other links in the sludge treatment process; in the processes of garbage treatment, such as compost treatment, sanitary landfill, high-temperature incineration, clearing and transporting and the like; corresponding odor sources are available in synthetic pharmacy, rubber plastics, paint and coating, printing and dyeing leather, livestock breeding, fermentation pharmacy, excrement treatment (including septic tanks) and the like. The odor pollution not only affects the physical and psychological health of people, but also damages the harmonious development of the social economy.
At present, the main deodorization techniques at home and abroad include an activated carbon adsorption method, a thermal oxidation decomposition method, an ozone oxidation method, a plant liquid deodorization method, an ion method, a chemical washing method, a biological deodorization method, and a combined deodorization method therebetween. Wherein, compared with other methods, the biological deodorization method has the advantages of environmental protection, less energy consumption, low investment cost, low daily operation cost and the like, thereby being one of the most main technical means adopted by sewage treatment plants at home and abroad for controlling the stink at present.
Basic principle of biological deodorization: collecting odor by induced draft fan and air pipe system, filtering with solid carrier full of microorganism, i.e. filler, working under appropriate conditions (such as semi-wet state), and collecting odor substances (such as H) in odor2S, ammonia gas, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide and the like which are more than 100 in ten thousand are filtered and fully adsorbed and captured by the filler, and then are oxidized and decomposed into sulfuric acid, nitric acid, carbon dioxide and the like by microorganisms on the filler, so that the aim of continuous deodorization is fulfilled (acid production is neutralized by alkaline substances or buffer substances or is carried away by spraying water flow for treatment). Therefore, the function of the filler in the biological deodorization process is very important, and the category of the filler directly influences the biological deodorization effect, the operation efficiency, the cost control, the service life, whether secondary pollution is generated or not and the like.
In the existing biological deodorization technology, the adopted fillers mainly comprise coconut shell activated carbon, bamboo charcoal, coke, peat, bark leaves, sawdust, coconut shreds, straw powder, plant ash, fly ash, cement, gypsum, water glass, zeolite, limestone, volcanic rock, perlite, stone rice, ceramsite, dried or mineralized sludge and the like. The carbon filler has short service life because the carbon filler is easy to reach adsorption saturation in the using process; the common bark/sawdust filler is favorable for the growth of biological colonies, but the common bark is fast in decay and short in service life under the humid working condition, the filler is collapsed and sinks due to decay within about 1-2 years, and then gas is blocked to pass through, so that the normal operation of the deodorizing wind pressure and the fan is influenced, and new pollution such as humic acid and the like can be brought by decay products. Therefore, the common bark filler in the biological deodorization device needs to be replaced after being used for 2.5-4 years, the workload of replacing the filler is large (generally, tens of tons or even more than hundreds of tons), the daily operation cost is increased, and the normal production of a sewage treatment plant is influenced.
Patent application No. CN 203244915U composite biological deodorant filler (Notice No. 2013.10.23, hereinafter referred to as prior art 1), which comprises a substrate and a composite layer; the matrix is volcanic rock, and the composite layer is made of cement, perlite powder, gypsum powder, saw dust and water glass. The composite filler has the disadvantages of large wind pressure loss, high operation energy consumption, low deodorization efficiency, difficult loss compensation and the like due to technical barriers and the like in the later period, and can not adapt to the current high-quality deodorization requirement.
In patent application CN 203710843U, a biological deodorization filter device (Notice No. 2014.07.16, hereinafter referred to as prior art 2), the composite filler in the device is mixture of volcanic rock, coconut fiber and heap; because the specific gravity of the volcanic rock is larger, the volcanic rock is easy to be compacted by self weight, the meaning of a stacked mixture is unclear, the content of the carried microorganisms is not very high, and the microorganism acid-producing neutralization effect of the filler is general, and particularly, the deodorization effect cannot meet the high standard requirement which is stricter and stricter nowadays, so that the filler cannot be widely applied.
Patent application No. CN 102941013B of composite filler for biological filter and method and device for biological deodorization thereof (Notification No. 2015.10.07, hereinafter referred to as prior art 3), the composite filler is a first layer of activated carbon, porous ceramsite, fly ash or zeolite, and a second layer of completely cooked compost, wood chips or straw powder, zeolite or porous ceramsite. The second layer and the first layer are stacked up and down, after the filler is filled with fine particles such as fly ash and wood chips, the filler becomes compact along with the time extension due to gravity, so the air resistance loss is increased, the fan is a two-stage fan, and the fan is not resistant to chemical corrosion of acid production by deodorization microorganisms, the activated carbon of the first layer is easy to adsorb and saturate, microorganisms are difficult to carry out self-regeneration on the activated carbon under the dry operation working condition, and in addition, the odor substance is poor in the capacity of intercepting and adsorbing (no water film is dissolved and desorbed) in non-wet operation, so the complex device has high energy consumption and general deodorization efficiency, and the filler and the method have limitation.
Patent application No. CN 104692763B discloses a cheap nutritional biological deodorization filler and a preparation method thereof (publication No. 2017.04.12, hereinafter referred to as prior art 4), the filler is prepared from fly ash, zeolite powder, lime, gypsum, cement, sodium hydroxide, water glass, wood dust, sugarcane dust and waste syrup, wherein the components such as the sodium hydroxide, the wood dust, the sugarcane dust and the waste syrup are easy to dissolve and run off under a humid environment to cause failure, and the lime, the gypsum and the cement are mixed and solidified to block microporous channels, so that the actual deodorization efficiency of the filler is limited, the neutralization capacity of microbial acid production is failed due to the neutralization or the loss of the sodium hydroxide, and the loss of the filler after several years of operation is difficult to supplement due to technical barriers and the like, thereby having great limitation.
The patent application with publication number CN 104524965B discloses a method for preparing a structured biological deodorization packing and a structured biological deodorization packing (Notice 2017.07.25, hereinafter referred to as prior art 5), wherein the packing contains 60-70% of ceramsite, 12-15% of straw particles, 3-5% of sodium humate, 2-3% of urea, methanol, humic acid, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, molasses, peptone, pumice powder and the like, 2-3% of hydroxide, 12-15% of silicate and the like, except that the ceramsite, the straw, the pumice powder and the silicate are not easy to dissolve, the rest components are easy to dissolve and lose efficacy in a humid environment, the specific surface area of the prepared structured packing is not high, the micropore silicate of the ceramsite is easy to be blocked, therefore, the actual deodorization efficiency is limited, the neutralization capacity of microbial acid production is ineffective in the later period, the packing loss is difficult to supplement due to technical barriers and the like after the operation for a plurality of years, is difficult to be widely applied for a long time.
In patent application CN 107021561 a, a biological deodorization filler with physical, chemical and biological synergistic effects (bulletin No. 2017.08.08, hereinafter referred to as prior art 6), the filler comprises 70-85% of volcanic rock, 15-20% of shell, and 1-15% of pyrite slag, wherein the shell is located at the lower layer, and the rest are located at the upper layer. Because the odor components are not only hydrogen sulfide (usually mixed odor), but also the specific gravity of the volcanic rock and the pyrite slag is high, the slag is easy to fill gaps and pores of the volcanic rock to be compact, so that the wind resistance loss is high, the volcanic rock microporous structure is not very rich, and the microorganism acid production runs through the whole deodorization process instead of only bottom neutralizing acid (the bottom layer is possibly not neutralized and penetrated), therefore, the physical, chemical and biological synergistic effect efficiency of the filler is not ideal, the key is that the wind pressure of the matched fan is high and the energy consumption is high, so that the deodorization effect ratio is not outstanding.
Patent application No. CN 107601647A discloses a biological deodorization filler (Notice No. 2018.01.19, hereinafter referred to as prior art 7), which is composed of cement, sodium hydroxide, bagasse or fructus momordicae residue, plant ash, coconut shell activated carbon particles and medical stone which are uniformly mixed, wherein the sodium hydroxide in the filler is easy to dissolve and lose under a humid environment to lose efficacy, and the bagasse or fructus momordicae residue is broken into slag materials of not more than 2cm, under the consolidation action of the cement, micropores are insufficient, ventilation gaps are small, and wind resistance is large, so that the actual deodorization efficiency is limited, the neutralization capacity of microbial acid production is ineffective in a later period, later period loss is difficult to supplement due to technical barriers and the like, operation energy consumption is high, and long-term wide application is difficult to obtain.
In patent application CN 107840598A, a biological deodorization composite filler and a preparation method thereof (Notification No. 2018.03.27, hereinafter referred to as prior art 8), the filler contains four components of 20-30% of construction waste, 30-40% of high-calcium fly ash, 20-30% of leaf powder and 10-20% of adhesive, and is used after being extruded into a porous cylinder and dried. Because of the extrusion effect of the adhesive, the actual specific surface area of the micropores of the porous cylindrical filler is smaller than that of a carbon material and even than that of porous light biological ceramsite by multiple orders of magnitude, so that the microbial load of the filler with the same volume is much smaller than that of the carbon material or the light biological ceramsite, the deodorization effect and the acid production neutralization effect are extremely limited, and the same deodorization effect can be obtained by using the filler with a larger volume.
In patent application CN 105413449B, a biological deodorization composite filler (Notice No. 2018.08.03, hereinafter referred to as prior art 9), the filler is composed of 50-70% of volcanic rock, 2-10% of coconut fiber, 5-20% of marl and the balance of filler, wherein the filler comprises stone rice, lantern rings and foam beads. The composite filler has relatively large comprehensive specific gravity (volcanic rock, marl soil and stone-like soil), relatively reduced specific surface area (effective micropore surface area is obviously reduced after the porous volcanic rock surface is coated by the marl soil), obviously reduced contact adsorption efficiency of the filler and odorous substances, limited microbial loading capacity, easy self-weight compaction of the filler under large specific gravity due to chemical corrosion of acid production by deodorizing microorganisms, obviously increased air resistance after the filler is compacted, increased energy consumption of deodorizing power and adverse effect on deodorizing efficiency.
In patent application publication No. CN 110465184A, namely, deodorizing filler, its preparation method, deodorizing device, deodorizing method and its application (Notification No. 2019.11.19, hereinafter referred to as prior art 10), the filler comprises a main body composed of 35-45% of fly ash, 20-30% of clay, 10-20% of dewatered sludge, 5-15% of organic ore and 5-15% of binder, and is blended with urea, calcium carbonate, phosphate, metal ions and microbial agents (including Thiobacillus, yeast, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida and nitrobacteria). The filler is complex to manufacture, is lack of porous organic matters capable of being degraded continuously and slowly as basic nutrition of microorganisms and depends on dewatered sludge, the specific surface area is insufficient due to an adhesive, the filler is not easy to obtain, and the filler is difficult to supplement due to technical barriers and the like after loss after running for many years, so that the filler is not sufficient in wide applicability.
Patent application CN 111172149A entitled deodorizing Filler for biological Filter (Notification No. 2020.05.19, hereinafter referred to as prior art 11), the Filler comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer, wherein the bottom layer is formed by stacking volcanic rocks of 5-8 cm, the middle layer is formed by mixing stone grains, porcelain granules, glass steel blocks with nano-particle layers coated on the surfaces, peat soil and small-particle-size volcanic rocks, and the top layer is formed by stacking glass steel blocks with nano-particle layers coated on the surfaces. The surface nanometer space of the filler is easy to be filled and blocked by microorganism residues, so that the actual specific surface area is limited, the microorganism quantity which can depend on the growth of the filler is insufficient, the wind resistance of the volcanic rock and the rock-rice pile is large, the energy consumption of the filtering of the filler layer is high, and the overall deodorization effect is difficult to reach the high standard requirement.
Based on the background and the defects of the known technology, the invention is generated in order to balance the odor treatment cost of the odor pollution source and the public environmental benefit at present and in future when the influence of the odor on the surrounding environment is more and more emphasized, and the odor emission standard is more and more strict and enforced. The invention can practically solve the problems of high efficiency deodorization and high standard discharge, obviously reduce the energy consumption of deodorization operation, the cost of daily maintenance and long-term maintenance, and really realize long-term high efficiency deodorization and long-term low-cost operation.
In a word, on the basis of the well-known technology of the advanced innovation biological deodorization filler, the invention fundamentally solves the problems of high efficiency, low cost and long-term stable deodorization required by the treatment of the odor pollution source, practically meets the actual needs of the deodorization field, and creates a fresh and clean atmospheric environment for the healthy and harmonious society.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an innovative composite filler with excellent comprehensive performance for a biological deodorization filter/tower, the filler has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, wide sources, difficult hardening, light weight, fluffy air resistance, high porosity and porosity, particularly certain nutrients (simultaneously, certain odor substances are also nutrients of certain microorganisms), capability of facilitating the attachment growth of deodorization microbial flora, large microbial loading in unit volume of the filler, microbial acid corrosion resistance, acid neutralization, long-term running collapse reduction, long service life, simple maintenance and management, balanced proportioning performances of the filler, long-term use, worry saving, relatively low price, low daily operation energy consumption, low cost, high deodorization efficiency, good comprehensive effect and the like, and the filler which needs to be supplemented and consumed can be purchased independently by a user in a later period (such as supplementing a small amount of filler every 10 years after 8 years or even 12 years) without secret formula, The restriction of technical barriers such as manufacturing a mould or manufacturing a secret can really realize both high-efficiency deodorization and long-term low-cost operation, and also really realize sustainable atmospheric environment protection.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
the anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 70-80% of original ecological bamboo charcoal; 1% -2% of plastic hollow spheres/pall rings; 8 to 12 percent of pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell blocks; 2 to 3 percent of light biological ceramsite; 9 to 13 percent of oyster shell/oyster shell.
The particle size of the original ecological bamboo charcoal is 15-45 mm.
The particle size of the plastic hollow ball/pall ring is 15-40 mm.
The granularity of the pine bark, the pine scale and/or the coconut shell block is 15-55 mm.
The granularity of the light biological ceramsite is 15-35 mm.
The granularity of the oyster shell/oyster shell is 15-65 mm.
The pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell pieces require an insecticidal treatment.
Specifically, the original ecological bamboo charcoal is the most main attachment carrier for the deodorization microorganisms, has strong acid resistance, corrosion resistance and good mechanical strength, has no compaction property, can not sink and compact along with the prolonging of time, can ensure the time of contacting and transferring mass with odor, ventilates smoothly, can not expand or contract due to the change of the moisture content, has uniform structure, high porosity, small pressure loss, small ventilation resistance, aging resistance, no loss, long-term stable operation and long service life. The original ecological bamboo charcoal is produced in ten bamboo villages in China, belongs to a renewable green environment-friendly product, is non-artificially granulated, is light in weight, good in moisture retention, easy to adsorb and inhabit deodorizing microorganisms, large in specific surface area, developed in micropores, good in odor substance adsorption effect, capable of being degraded by filler microorganisms after adsorption and capture, and large in microbial loading capacity in normally-operated fillers, so that the deodorizing efficiency is high. And because the combustion heat value of the carbon fuel is lower than that of high-temperature bamboo charcoal and machine-made bamboo charcoal, the price of the carbon for barbecue is the lowest of the bamboo charcoals, and the low price and the low density (relative to the machine-made bamboo charcoals) meet the requirements of the composite filler of the invention. Therefore, the original ecological bamboo charcoal is used as the main body of the composite filler, has proper price, easy acquisition and good deodorization effect, and has the advantages of being obvious.
Specifically, the plastic hollow sphere/pall ring has the characteristics of small specific gravity, high strength, no microbial degradation, chemical corrosion resistance, large flux, small wind pressure resistance, low power consumption, good surface hydrophilic property, full gas-liquid contact, high mass transfer efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to the packed towers in the industries of petroleum, chemical engineering, chlor-alkali, coal gas, environmental protection and the like. As the important components of the composite filler, the composite filler has three functions: the filler valve is characterized in that the filler valve is anti-hardening and anti-acid-corrosion after being mixed with other fillers, plays roles of fluffiness and skeleton, is used for capturing odor substances by water film liquid on the filler valve to generate gas-liquid mass transfer, is used for bearing a certain amount of microorganisms to play a role of biological deodorization, and is beneficial to improving the deodorization efficiency and ensuring energy-saving operation.
In particular, pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell pieces are not only important attachment carriers for deodorizing microorganisms, but also provide various slowly-degraded and sustained-release nutrients (potassium, calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus, humic acid and the like) for the microorganisms. The microorganisms grow on the surface and in the interstices of the filler or are suspended in the liquid phase surrounding the filler. The filler has light weight, high porosity, strong moisture retention capacity and large capacity of bearing microorganism groups, and the particularity of the filler is represented by the following five points: 1, the composite material has larger specific surface area, large contact area of odor pollutants and microorganisms, is beneficial to biofilm formation and growth of the microorganisms, and is beneficial to oxidation and exchange mass transfer of nutrients and metabolic products in the metabolic process; 2, the surface is rough, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of microorganisms, the total void ratio is as high as 50% or more, the space for accommodating microorganism propagation and adsorbing pollutants is large, the adsorption efficiency is high, and the microorganism carrying capacity is large; 3, the pine bark has a tough fiber structure, is not easy to rot compared with other barks, has long service life, and can be used for more than 5-8 years; 4 is proper in price, easy to obtain, natural in origin, inexhaustible in resource and free of environmental pollution; 5, the pine bark has high nutrient content and can provide excellent growth environment and micro-ecological environment for microorganisms. Thus, the advantages of pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell pieces are evident.
The light biological ceramsite contains rich mineral substances, is an important attachment carrier for deodorizing microorganisms, can provide slow-release mineral nutrients, has acid corrosion resistance and good mechanical strength, has no compaction property, cannot sink and compact along with the time, cannot expand or contract due to the change of water content, has a uniform structure, high porosity, small pressure loss, small ventilation resistance, ageing resistance, basically no loss, long-term stable operation and long service life; the light biological ceramsite is produced in many places in China, particularly is a non-spherical product produced by utilizing dewatered sludge of municipal sewage treatment plants or river dredging bottom mud, belongs to a sludge recycling green environment-friendly product, is rough and matt in the surface of a finished product, light and porous in weight, good in moisture retention, easy for attachment and inhabitation of deodorizing microorganisms, large in specific surface area, developed in micropores, good in odor substance adsorption effect, capable of being degraded by the microorganisms on the finished product after adsorption and capture, and high in deodorization efficiency. And because the raw materials are not clay resources which are limited by the state, and are more suitable for microorganism attachment, more nutrition and richer pores than clay ceramsite, the light biological ceramsite is used as an important component of the invention, has low price, easy acquisition, efficient deodorization operation, simple daily maintenance and operation and obvious advantages.
Specifically, the main component of the oyster shell/oyster shell is calcium carbonate, but the oyster shell/oyster shell also contains rich nutrition. China is the hometown of oysters/oysters, has rich oyster/oyster resources and also has a long history of development and utilization, and as early as more than 2000 years ago, residents in certain areas along the south of China master oyster/oyster cultivation technologies. At present, the Bohai sea, the yellow sea, the east sea and the south sea all have oyster/oyster production bases, the variety of China is about more than 20, but a large amount of shells are discarded as garbage after people eat the oyster/oyster production bases. Actually, oyster shell/oyster shell is a resource which can be utilized, and has been applied to various fields, such as medicine, food health care (such as Longmu Zhuanggu Chongji, biological calcium tablet … …) and the preparation of various additives. Therefore, as an important component of the composite filler, the composite filler is an ideal material for neutralizing, deodorizing and producing acid, is a slow-release nutrition of deodorizing microorganisms, also plays a role of a hardening-preventing fluffy skeleton, and ensures high efficiency of deodorization, energy-saving operation and corrosion resistance of a system.
The five types of fillers are not layered and are uniformly mixed together, so that the nutrition balance and the microbial diversity in the system are ensured, and the five types of fillers mutually promote and interact with each other, and the result is that: the deodorization comprehensive performance of the five grades of fillers compounded together according to the optimal proportion is far higher than the sum of the performances of the five grades of fillers for deodorization alone, namely the sum of 5 fillers with 1 is far more than 5, so that the technical innovation of the technical scheme is comprehensive.
In a specific summary, the anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler (hereinafter referred to as the composite filler of the present invention) has the following six significant beneficial effects, and is also a refinement object of the present invention:
1, high deodorization efficiency and good deodorization effect (which is a fundamental purpose and a final purpose);
2, fluffiness is avoided, operation is energy-saving, and long-term operation change is small;
3, the coating resists acid-producing corrosion per se, and lightens the workload of overhaul and maintenance of equipment facilities;
4, the nutrition supply is balanced and continuous, so that the deodorizing microorganism has strong activity, large carrying capacity and low operation cost;
5 is that the supplement amount of the filler loss in the later operation period (such as 8 years or even 12 years) is small, and the supplement can be conveniently realized;
the raw materials 6 are easily available, have wide sources, are easy to purchase and manufacture, and are simple and convenient to fill and use.
In short, the invention really achieves the purposes of long-term operation collapse reduction, long service life, simple maintenance and management, balanced proportioning performance of the filler, long-term use worry saving, relatively low purchase price, low daily operation energy consumption, low cost, high deodorization efficiency and good comprehensive effect, is not limited by technical barriers such as secret formula, manufacturing mold or manufacturing confidentiality and the like, and is the most creative, universal, very friendly and really green low-carbon biological deodorization composite filler technology.
Furthermore, the invention realizes the purpose by utilizing the following four innovative technical means and simple processes.
1. Novel coupling technology utilizing synergistic complementation of multiple characteristics of filler
The original ecological bamboo charcoal has the advantages that the original ecological bamboo charcoal is biological inorganic carbon, the molecular structure is hexagonal, the texture is hard, the bamboo charcoal is fine and porous, the strength and the specific surface area are superior to those of the charcoal, the carbon (C) content is 85% -88%, the bamboo charcoal is insoluble in water, the ash content is 2% -4%, and the water content is 5% -8%; the specific surface area is more than or equal to 150m2(ii)/g; the pH value is 8-9; the dry density is 0.80-1.32 g/cm3(ii) a Because of large specific surface area and porosity, the area contacted with odor is enlarged, and because of good moisture retention, the utility model creates a suitable environment for the survival and propagation of microorganisms, and has strong adaptability. However, if the single microorganism is used singly, the microorganism lacks enough nutrition, so that mass propagation is difficult, and acid production neutralization cannot be realized; if the activated carbon material is used for independent deodorization, effective and sufficient self-regeneration through limited microbial action is difficult to obtain after adsorption saturation (3-6 months); therefore, the use of the filler alone has a great limitation.
The plastic hollow ball/pall ring is chemical organic matter, is light in weight, does not decay, has high porosity (more than or equal to 84 percent) and large specific surface area (more than or equal to 150 m)2/m3) Light weight (< 125 kg/m)3) Is excellent aggregate of biological deodorization filler, is preferred for filler of odor prewashing (washing), and is also used for high-concentration odor chemical deodorization (acid washing)Alkaline washing) packed towers. The invention gives full play to the characteristics of excellent aggregate and high-quality filler, obtains the long-term energy-saving effect and the auxiliary deodorization effect of preventing hardening, fluffy and breathable, but is not suitable as single biological deodorization filler.
Pine bark, pine scale and/or coconut shell blocks belong to natural biological organic matters, the content of degradable organic matters is more than or equal to 60 percent, the balance is ash and moisture, the pH is 5.5-6.5, and the bulk density is 150-240 kg/m3The porosity is 40-65%, and the specific surface area is 150-300 m2/m3The water content is 15-35%, and the hydrochloric acid solubility is less than or equal to 2%. Pine bark deodorization has a long history, and German sewage treatment plants have widely used open-air buried pine bark filters as fillers for land deodorization as early as more than sixty years, but the deodorization method of a mixture of pine bark and soil particles is easy to sink and harden (but needs to be drenched) due to rainwater drenching, has large wind pressure loss, high fan energy consumption, large area, more fillers and general use efficiency, and belongs to extensive biological deodorization. The invention with high efficiency and refinement has the advantages of the invention, and has the performance advantages and comprehensive advantages after composite innovation.
The light biological ceramsite belongs to artificial inorganic substances and is rich in mineral substances, and the stacking density of the light biological ceramsite is 500-800 kg/m3Sphericity coefficient of about 0.65, compressive strength of about 2.5MPa, specific surface area of 8m2The slag dropping rate is less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the hydrochloric acid dissolubility is less than or equal to 1 percent. When the catalyst is independently used for biological deodorization, the tail gas is difficult to meet the high-standard emission requirement; if the composite filler is used in the composite filler, the composite filler is an important attachment carrier for microorganisms, can provide slow-release mineral nutrients, has acid and corrosion resistance and good mechanical strength in the main structure of the ceramsite, and has high porosity, small ventilation pressure loss, aging resistance and basically no loss; in addition, the non-spherical product carbonized and fired by the dewatered sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant or river dredging bottom mud is more suitable for microorganism attachment, more nutrition and more abundant pores than clay ceramic grains, has large specific surface area, developed micropores, rough surface, good moisture retention, easy attachment and inhabitation of deodorizing microorganisms and good adsorption effect, and is degraded by the microorganisms on the clay ceramic grains after adsorption. At the same time, itAlso plays a role of fluffy aggregate, and has low price, so the performance advantage and the comprehensive advantage of the composite filler of the invention are realized again after composite innovation.
Oyster shell/oyster shell is one of the best quality biological calcium carbonate, and is rich in various nutrients, the calcium carbonate content is more than or equal to 90%, and the rest is chitin, chitosan, abundant trace elements, various amino acids and the like; the shell is divided into three layers on the section, wherein the outermost layer is a thin and transparent protein cuticle, the thickest middle layer is a columnar structure called prismatic layer consisting of calcium carbonate, and the inner layer is a pearl layer with a calcium carbonate sheet structure. As the important components of the composite filler, the composite filler has five functions: firstly, prevent hardening after mixing with other fillers, play fluffy and skeleton effect, secondly the foul smell material is caught by casing water film liquid and takes place gas-liquid mass transfer effect, thirdly the casing lamellar coarse structure can bear a certain amount of microorganism and play biological deodorization effect, fourthly this high-quality biological calcium carbonate is used for neutralization and produces acid, slowly sacrifice oneself in order to protect deodorization system and include pond/tower body, water pump fan, valve pipeline etc. to avoid by acid corrosion, fifthly the trophic effect, the nutrient that contains is the casing when acid corrosion is slowly released, provide lasting nutrition for deodorization microorganism. The five effects are beneficial to improving the deodorization efficiency and ensuring the energy-saving operation.
The five fillers comprise biological inorganic substances, chemical organic substances, biological organic substances, artificial inorganic substances, mineral substances, biomass calcium carbonate, ash mineral substances, cellulose, humic acid, chitin, chitosan, rich trace elements, various amino acids and the like, are not artificially added but naturally formed, and can self-propagate a large amount of deodorant microbial strains (such as nitrobacteria Nitrifying bacteria, Sulphur-oxidizing bacteria and the like) with strong adaptability under the continuous interaction and mutual promotion by combining the respective physicochemical characteristics of the mineral substances, the cellulose, the humic acid, the chitin, the chitosan, the rich trace elements, the various amino acids and the like, and the internal biological diversity and the good micro-ecological environment are easy to form; not only the deodorization efficiency is greatly improved, but also the continuous addition of external nutrients is reduced or even eliminated; the filling material is easy to obtain, the price is relatively controllable and low, the purchase, the installation and the use are simple and convenient, the durability is realized, the loss is less, and the supplement after years does not worry. In conclusion, the composite filler of the invention achieves the unexpected beneficial effects of the prior art, but is not complex, and even quite concise and clear.
2. Utilizes a four-layer slow-release composite nutrition innovative technology based on microbial acid corrosion
Odoriferous substances (e.g. H)2S, ammonia gas, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide and the like) are oxidized and decomposed by filler microorganisms in a humid environment to form corrosive products such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid and the like, the acidic substance and ash mineral substances in the original ecological bamboo charcoal and the light biological ceramsite undergo chemical reaction, and the mineral substances are slowly leached into nutritive salt under the action of acid; the pine bark, the pine scale and/or the coconut shell block are also slowly decomposed to form nutrients such as humic acid and the like under the action of microorganisms, and ash minerals in the nutrients are slowly leached under the action of acid; in addition, the biomass calcium carbonate in the oyster shell/oyster shell and acid generate neutralization reaction to form calcium sulfate slightly soluble in water and calcium nitrate soluble in water, and meanwhile, other nutrients contained in the oyster shell/oyster shell are separated out; in the five fillers, except the plastic hollow spheres/pall rings, the nutrients contained in the other four fillers can be absorbed and utilized by microorganisms due to acid etching/corrosion decomposition and slow dissolution, so that the five fillers become four relatively balanced slow-release compound nutrients with different levels, the deodorization microbial flora is greatly enriched, and good continuous conditions are created for the growth and the propagation of the microorganisms.
The four-layer slow-release compound nutrition technology based on microbial acid corrosion provides continuous rich nutrition for deodorizing microbes, and multiple nutrients contained in four materials are slowly released in a use environment (acidification) without specially and previously adding the nutrients into a filler (such as waste syrup in the prior art 4, humic acid/compound fertilizer/molasses/peptone in the prior art 5 and urea/phosphate/metal ions in the prior art 10 which are all previously added), and the nutrients are not only singly added into filler spray liquid for a long time in the use environment; the invention slowly releases nutrients in an automatic and synchronous mode of acid production through a plurality of (four) specific natural fillers, and 5 fillers are uniformly mixed, so that long flow of fine water is realized in space and time without manual intervention, and series problems of single nutrient and unbalanced space, more and quick initial release of nutrients in time, less and slow later release and the like in the prior art are avoided.
3. Utilizes the original biomass calcium carbonate sacrificial method technology to protect the system from acid-producing corrosion
The biomass calcium carbonate sacrificial protection method technology is a mode of slowly losing oyster shells/oyster shells, the deodorization system is protected from corrosion of long-term low-concentration biological acid production, namely, the oyster shells/oyster shells are used as high-quality biological calcium carbonate, continuous acid production of deodorization microorganisms is neutralized, and the purpose of resisting acid production and corrosion of the system is achieved. Meanwhile, the mineral resources contained in the light biological ceramsite can also neutralize a small part of acid. As a result of the two-phase action, the deodorization system, including the tank/tower body, the water pump fan, the valve pipeline and the like, is prevented from being corroded by acid. In addition, the original ecological bamboo charcoal is not easy to consume, and the plastic hollow ball/pall ring is not corroded by acid, so that the composite filler has the advantages of good acid corrosion resistance effect, long service life and small collapse after long-term operation.
Compared with the prior art, the composite filler has good acid corrosion resistance effect as shown in the following three aspects:
one is that the acid neutralization performance of the filler in the prior art is far lower than that of the composite filler of the invention. Matrix volcanic rock, composite layer cement, perlite powder, gypsum powder, water glass, etc. as in prior art 1; volcanic rock of prior art 2; porous haydite, fly ash or zeolite of prior art 3; fly ash, zeolite powder, lime, gypsum, cement, sodium hydroxide, water glass, wood dust, sugarcane dust and the like in the prior art 4; ceramsite, pumice powder, hydroxide, silicate and the like in the prior art 5; cement, sodium hydroxide, plant ash, medical stone, etc. of the prior art 7; building waste and high-calcium fly ash (high vitreous silica content, low alkaline matter content, only 10% -20% of calcium oxide content) in the prior art 8 and the like; volcanic rock, marl soil, stone rice and the like in the prior art 9; fly ash, clay, dehydrated sludge, a small amount of admixture calcium carbonate and the like in the prior art 10; volcanic rock, stone rice, ceramsite, peat soil and the like in the prior art 11; among the above substances, only a small amount of calcium oxide, lime, sodium hydroxide, a small amount of calcium carbonate and the like in the fly ash have certain acid neutralization capacity, and the other substances have extremely weak capacity, are not balanced and durable in capacity and are easily penetrated by acid, so that the acid corrosion resistance effect of the composite filler is obviously superior to that of the prior art.
Secondly, in the prior art, volcanic rock is adopted (generally, the most common classification is to divide the volcanic rock into super-basic rock, neutral rock and acid rock according to chemical content), and oxide contained in the volcanic rock is SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、FeO、MgO、CaO、K2O、Na2O and H29 oxides such as O, etc. account for about 98%. Wherein the alkaline substance is MgO, CaO, K2O、Na2The total content of O is less than 20 percent and is far away from the content of calcium carbonate in the oyster shell/oyster shell of the invention which reaches 90 percent, and the rest components of the oyster shell/oyster shell are all nutrients, therefore, the volcanic rock in the prior art can not be compared with the acid-resistant effect of the composite filler of the invention.
Thirdly, the overall acid corrosion resistance effect of the filler which individually adopts shell materials in the prior art is also obviously lower than that of the composite filler of the invention, for example, in the prior art 6, although shell materials (15-20%) are also used, the invention is obviously different from the shell materials in at least four places: firstly, the fillers of the prior art 6 are 3 (volcanic rock, shell and pyrite slag), while the composite fillers of the invention are 5 without volcanic rock and heavy pyrite slag (the specific gravity is usually more than or equal to 4.3); secondly, in the prior art 6, volcanic rock is used as a main material (accounting for 70-85 percent), while the invention uses original ecological bamboo charcoal as a main material (accounting for 70-80 percent), the bamboo charcoal is slightly more expensive than the volcanic rock, the advantages of the bamboo charcoal in the aspects of adsorptivity, porosity, microorganism carrying capacity, light weight, energy conservation and the like are very obvious, bamboo in nature grows fast, the bamboo charcoal is renewable, and the volcanic rock does not have the characteristics; thirdly, the oyster shell material of the prior art 6 is the lower-layer filler, while the oyster shell/oyster shell of the invention is not layered and is mixed and filled; and fourthly, if the shell materials in the prior art 6 adopt scallop shells, razor clam shells, clam shells and the like, the comprehensive performance is relatively poor, and the oyster shell/oyster shell has obvious advantages in the aspects of calcium carbonate content, mass transfer exchange effect, continuous nutrition supply, microorganism carrying capacity, fluffiness and hardening prevention and the like.
4. Utilizes the light fluffy anti-hardening energy-saving technology to cooperate with the deodorization and efficiency improvement innovation technology
The five light fillers with proper specification and size are matched and uniformly mixed according to the most preferable proportion, and different physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the five light fillers are utilized, so that the long-term energy-saving effect of preventing hardening and fluffiness is achieved, the high efficiency of deodorization and the final purpose of high-standard emission of tail gas are achieved, and multiple purposes are achieved. The specific analysis is as follows:
the composite filler is mainly made of original ecological bamboo charcoal, takes pine bark, pine scale and/or coconut shell blocks and light biological ceramsite as a second place, takes plastic hollow spheres/pall rings and oyster shells/oyster shells as auxiliary materials, and combines the five materials to play a role, so that the whole filler has light unit volume weight and large specific surface area, has multiple slow-release nutrients, is particularly suitable for the attachment growth of microbial floras, and has large microbial capacity in the filler: the adsorption filtration, water film dissolution capture and mass transfer exchange are carried out on the odor substances, and the microbial degradation is carried out without the problems of adsorption saturation, frequent replacement of fillers and the like.
In summary, the four innovative technical means and simple processes are summarized as follows: the original ecological bamboo charcoal is the main body of the filler, has light weight, high porosity, strong adsorptivity and large microbial load and is not easy to consume; the plastic hollow ball/pall ring is an important auxiliary material, is light in weight and corrosion resistant, mainly plays a role in framework and fluffiness and reduces the total air resistance of the filler body; pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell blocks are taken as porous degradable renewable pure natural organic matters, provide attachment carriers for deodorizing microorganisms, and meanwhile slowly degrade the deodorizing microorganisms in a humid environment to provide basic nutrition for the microorganisms, and are fluffy, so that the air resistance of a filler body is reduced; the light biological ceramsite contains minerals and is rich in pores, provides a carrier and certain nutrition for microorganisms, and simultaneously plays a skeleton role to reduce the air resistance of a filler body; oyster shell/oyster shell is used as high-quality biological calcium carbonate for neutralizing microbial acidogenesis, preventing the deodorization system including pool/tower body, water pump blower, valve pipeline, etc. from being corroded by acid, and also has the functions of slow release nutrition and skeleton fluffiness. The composite filler has the advantages of easily available raw materials, wide sources, difficulty in hardening, light weight, fluffiness, small air resistance after filling, energy-saving operation, low use cost, high deodorization efficiency and extremely high cost performance. In addition, except that pine bark, pine scale and/or coconut shell block need to be treated with insecticide (ovum), other parts do not need special treatment, all the components do not need layering, are uniformly mixed during filling, and are kept moist during deodorization operation. Most importantly, the filler is easy to supplement after running for many years, the filler needing to be supplemented can be selected and purchased independently without the restriction of technical barriers such as secret formula, mold manufacturing or confidential manufacturing and the like, and long-term low-cost running and high-efficiency deodorization can be really realized, namely sustainable atmospheric environment protection is realized.
Compared with the prior single filler or composite filler technology, the invention has the following 6 remarkable advantages:
1, the deodorization efficiency is high, the microbial load is large, the activity is strong, and the deodorization effect is fully ensured;
2, fluffiness is avoided, energy is saved during long-term operation, and the change of long-term operation is small;
3, the paint is resistant to acid corrosion and self-neutralization, the workload of overhaul and maintenance of equipment facilities is small, and the paint is used for a long time and is free of worry;
4, the stuffing has balanced nutrition supply, lasting slow release and rich nutrition diversity and microbial diversity;
5, the supplement amount of the filler loss at the later operation stage (such as 8 years or even 12 years later) is small, and the supplement is free of the restriction of technical barriers;
the raw material 6 is easily available, has wide sources, is easy to purchase and manufacture, is simple and convenient to fill and use, and has low continuous operation cost.
The technical originality, the technical reliability and the obvious technical advantages of the invention are reflected in the following three aspects:
one is the technical originality is realized in the following 4 dimensions:
1 is the originality of the coupling technique of synergistic complementation of multiple properties of the filler
The technology creatively solves the problems of limitation, low efficiency, complexity of a matching system and the like of the traditional method of singly using bamboo charcoal filler, volcanic rock filler, bark filler or ceramsite filler or the like or the matching use of some fillers, and simultaneously solves the problems of convenience, durability, cost, efficiency and the like.
In the national Standard of emission Standard of malodorous pollutants (GB14554) and the emission Standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants (GB18918), the first-class standard value NH of the emission of malodorous waste gas in the factory (protective band edge)3≤1.0mg/m3、H2S≤0.03mg/m3And the odor concentration (dimensionless) is less than or equal to 10, which is the highest standard. Years of practice shows that high-efficiency deodorization and long-term stable standard reaching cannot be realized only by means of the single filler or the matching of some fillers, or the fillers are frequently replaced and have huge cost, or the auxiliary system is too complex and the daily operation cost is high. Under the condition of strictly complying with the technical parameter regulation of odor treatment technical regulation of urban sewage treatment plants (CJJ/T243-2016), the composite filler is used as the porous filler with large specific surface area for biotrickling in the regulation, so that the high efficiency and reliability of deodorization, and the convenience, durability and cost economy of a deodorization system are realized for the first time.
2 is the originality of four-layer slow-release composite nutrition technology based on acid-producing corrosion of microorganism
The technology creatively solves the problems of single/complex nutrients, unbalanced space, more and quick initial release of nutrients, less and slow later release of nutrients and the like in the prior art when the nutrients are added in advance, and the problems of quick neutralization and failure later of the doped alkaline substances.
The invention is based on four layers of slow-release composite nutrition of a plurality of nutrients contained in four materials which are slowly released in a use environment (acidification), and 5 fillers are added for even material mixing, so that the long flow of fine water is realized in space and time without manual intervention or with little intervention, and the problems are effectively avoided and solved.
3 is the originality of the technology of the biomass calcium carbonate sacrificial protection method
The technology originally solves the problems of poor self acid-production corrosion resistant effect, difficulty in lasting effect and the like in the prior art, prevents the deodorization system from being corroded by acid including a pool/tower body, a water pump fan, a valve pipeline and the like, and obtains the excellent effects of long service life, simplicity in maintenance, worry saving in long-term use and low long-term cost.
4 is the originality of the light fluffy anti-hardening energy-saving technology in cooperation with the deodorization synergistic technology
This technical originality has solved prior art's filler and has extremely easily collapsed and sink, the windage increase, the operation is unstable, the deodorization effect is more and more poor scheduling problem along with the time extension, has ensured the low windage of deodorization system, the low-power consumption of fan, has compromise biological deodorization's high efficiency again simultaneously, has finally realized the unification of the high standard discharge to reach standard of system's energy-conserving operation and tail gas, has realized the perfect balance of long-term running cost and permanent deodorization effect.
Secondly, the technical reliability is realized in the following 3 points:
1, the adopted principle of the microbial deodorization method, technical parameters of the system and the like are very reliable, and the method is repeatedly proved by domestic and foreign sewage treatment deodorization engineering practices for many years, and comprises the technical specifications of national industry standards such as odor treatment technical rules of urban sewage treatment plants, outdoor drainage design standards, pump station design specifications, construction quality acceptance specifications of ventilation and air conditioning engineering and the like, and the technical specifications are detailed enough;
2, the composite filler has the technical contents of filler such as component distribution ratio, specification and dimension, characteristic requirements and the like, and matched odor treatment engineering devices/structures, pipelines, equipment, materials, instruments and the like, and the composite filler is mature and reliable in design, construction, purchase, installation, operation and maintenance and the like, and is only required to be controlled according to the existing quality standard, so that the system reliability is undoubted;
3, the composite filler has no obscure concept, no wonderful and skillful details and no secret and difficult details in the application and implementation process, only has normative and clear specific content description and mature and rich operation management regulations, has a clear and recognizable structure, and has very clear and obvious technical reliability.
In a word, the multiple new technologies adopted by the composite filler only need to control the deodorization equipment material and ensure that the installation engineering quality meets the specified requirements, comply with the operating regulations, are stable and reliable in operation, and can deodorize with high efficiency and low cost for a long time.
Thirdly, the obvious technical advantages are embodied in the following 3 points:
1 is reflected in high efficiency and high applicability
The composite filler is based on a multi-speciality synergetic complementary coupling technology, and the total efficiency of purifying malodorous gas is far higher than that of the prior art. The biological deodorization packing materials of the prior art 1 to the prior art 11 do not have the technical and economic characteristics at the same time, and only have a few advantages in one aspect, while the present invention can simultaneously achieve the significant advantages of the above 6 aspects and is easy and free, so the present invention has the advantages of outstanding technical capability, high deodorization efficiency and wide applicability.
2, the obvious technical advantages are that the meaning is clear, the understanding is easy, the verification is easy to obtain, and the realization is very easy
In the prior art 1-11, the most widely used and main fillers are volcanic, fly ash, ceramsite, etc., wherein the fly ash and volcanic have chemical properties close to each other, however, the types of volcanic are various, the properties of the fly ash are greatly different due to different production places, the fly ash is also different due to different coal sources of power plants, the ceramsite also has various multi-scale components such as ceramsite with different purposes, greening flower ceramsite, ceramsite with different materials and properties, etc., and the prior art identifies the most widely used fillers, even does not define the adaptability of the fillers. The invention is completely different from the prior art, and has the advantages that the definitions of the name and the property of each component are very clear, the meanings are clear and specific, the invention is clear at a glance and the misunderstanding can not occur, and the specific definitions are briefly described as follows:
the original ecological bamboo charcoal is different from a traditional 'bamboo charcoal' in two characters, is also different from a mechanism bamboo charcoal (high in density and high in combustion heat value) which is sold in the bamboo charcoal market, is not a medium-temperature bamboo charcoal or a high-temperature bamboo charcoal, and is the original ecological bamboo charcoal which is low in density, low in heat value, high in ash content, simple in carbonization process, relatively lowest in price and most originally and easily available;
the plastic hollow ball/pall ring is directly and specifically different from ceramic or stainless steel hollow balls/pall rings in the chemical filler market. The plastic material is definitely selected and used because the double advantages of lowest price and lowest weight can be simultaneously obtained, the fluffiness of the filler body is ensured, the weight of the filler is favorably reduced, the integral sinking is favorably reduced, and the energy consumption of the fan is favorably saved;
the pine bark, pine scale and/or coconut shell block is different from common bark, sawdust, straw and the like, has high porosity, is fluffy, has small collapse, good moisture retention, is not easy to rapidly decay, has rich nutrition, sufficient supply on the market and relatively low price, and is the most appropriate long-acting biological organic matter;
the light biological ceramsite is different from a conventional ceramsite with a shape like a Chinese character 'haydite', has definite direction, is not novel building materials (such as the ceramsite filling material used for a sunken toilet, heat insulation and heat preservation such as a non-bearing partition wall and the like), green flower ceramsite, is not small-particle spherical light ceramsite used for an aeration biological filter of a sewage treatment plant, but non-spherical light biological ceramsite with rough surface and columnar relatively large particle size, is prepared from dewatered sludge or river channel dredging sludge of the sewage treatment plant instead of common clay, and is particularly coarse, porous and nutrient-rich in the prepared ceramsite and particularly suitable for serving as a biological deodorization ingredient because the sludge contains more organic matters;
the oyster shell/oyster shell is different from various 'shells', is not comparable to broken limestone calcium carbonate (heavy, high in density and small in specific surface area) and lime powder/block (easy to dissolve and run off), and is directly selected from oyster shell/oyster shell with large dosage and easy to obtain, and is used as optimal biological calcium carbonate.
Therefore, the invention has the following remarkable technical advantages: the composite filler has the advantages of being very clear in definition of name and properties of each component, clear in meaning, clear at a glance, easy to understand, easy to obtain and verify, extremely easy to realize in technology, free from misunderstanding, and capable of fully guaranteeing the advantages of being light, porous, microorganism-friendly, rich in nutrition, resistant to acid corrosion, fluffy, breathable, simple, durable, low in price, easy to obtain and the like.
3, the method has the obvious technical advantages of mature and reliable technology, energy conservation, low carbon, controllable cost of each item and good technical economy
The microbial deodorization technology based on the composite filler is mature, the filler composition and proportion are completely different from those of the prior art, the composite filler has obvious energy-saving advantages, and in addition, the 5 component raw materials are common in the market, except that pine bark, pine scale and/or coconut shell blocks are required to be subjected to insecticidal (egg) treatment during purchase, all the raw materials are required to be prepared according to the specification and size requirements, and special treatment with secrecy or high difficulty is not required, so that the cost of each component is controllable, and the technical economy of the filler is good; finally, when in use, all the components of the filler are not layered, and are uniformly mixed when being filled, and the filler is kept moist when in deodorization operation. Most importantly, the filler is easy to supplement after running for many years, the filler needing to be supplemented can be selected and purchased independently by a user without the restriction of technical barriers such as secret formula, mold manufacturing or confidential manufacturing and the like, long-term low-cost running and high-efficiency deodorization are really realized, and the remarkable technical advantages of the invention are fully embodied.
The technical and economic advantages show that the composite filler has the characteristic advantages of high deodorization efficiency, sustainability, reliability, stability, convenience, long-term economy and the like, and provides powerful technical support for biological deodorization and atmospheric environment treatment in China. Therefore, the invention has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composite packing of the present invention in use.
Wherein: 1-original ecological bamboo charcoal, 2-plastic hollow spheres/pall rings, 3-pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell blocks, 4-light biological ceramsite, and 5-oyster shell/oyster shell.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Referring to the attached drawing 1, the present invention will be further explained in detail by using the composite filler of the present invention as an embodiment in conjunction with a biological deodorization engineering project of a sewage treatment plant in Hainan province.
The scale of sewage treatment in this example was 8000m3D, divided into 2 seats each 4000m3A rectangular biochemical reaction tank of/d. 2 independent biological deodorization filter system devices are arranged, wherein 1 is used for treating odor in a biochemical pool, and the other 1 is used for treating odor in a water inlet pump room and sludge dehydration; for convenient operation and management, the specifications of the 2 biological deodorization filters are the same, and the deodorization air quantity is 3800m3And h, the tail gas of the 2 biological deodorization filter tanks is discharged in a 15m high-altitude mode through a combined wind tower, and the emission standard requirements meet the standards specified in national standard odor pollutant emission standard (GB14554) and pollutant emission standard of urban sewage treatment plants (GB 18918). The length of the deodorization filter is 6.80 multiplied by 2.50m, wherein the length of the composite packing area is 5.60m, the thickness of the packing is 1.35m, the box body of the deodorization filter is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic FRP, and is matched with a glass fiber reinforced plastic induced draft tube and a glass fiber reinforced plastic centrifugal induced draft fan, and the main parameter Q of the induced draft fan is 3800m3And h, the wind pressure difference delta P is 1510Pa, and the motor power is 3 kW.
The design parameters of the deodorization system meet the technical regulation of odor treatment technical regulation (CJJ/T243-2016) of urban sewage treatment plant, the treatment rate of the system on indexes such as hydrogen sulfide concentration, odor concentration and the like is more than or equal to 95 percent, and among the main parameters, the bio-trickling filtrationThe empty tower residence time t is 17.9s (more than 15s), the empty tower gas velocity v is 271.4m/h (less than or equal to 300m/h), and the hydrogen sulfide load is 4.02 g/(m/h)3·h)(≤5g/(m3·h))。
The quantity of the composite filler filled in a single biological deodorization filter tank is 5.60 multiplied by 2.50 multiplied by 1.35m to 18.9m3≈19m3Wherein: original ecological bamboo charcoal of 14.25m30.19m plastic hollow ball3Coconut shell block 1.90m3Light biological ceramsite 0.38m3Oyster Shell/oyster Shell 2.28m3The total of the five types of fillers is 19m3(ii) a 75% of original ecological bamboo charcoal, 1% of plastic hollow sphere, 10% of coconut shell block, 2% of light biological ceramsite, 12% of oyster shell/oyster shell and 100% of total. The particle size of the original ecological bamboo charcoal is 15-45 mm, and the specification of the plastic hollow ball is
Figure BDA0003190186000000241
The coconut shell block is 15-55 mm in length, the light biological ceramsite is 15-35 mm in granularity, and the oyster shell/oyster shell is 15-65 mm in granularity.
Specifically, the original ecological bamboo charcoal particles are approximate to rectangular blocks, the thickness is the natural thickness of natural bamboo after carbonization, the size and the granularity are not smaller than 15mm, the wind resistance and the energy consumption of a filler body can be increased by too fine crushing, but not larger than 45mm, and the deodorization efficiency can be reduced by too large crushing, so that the deodorization effect is influenced.
The plastic hollow ball is a polyhedral hollow ball, has a plurality of blades and small air resistance, requires hydrophilicity, is made of polypropylene (PP),
Figure BDA0003190186000000242
the number of stacked products of the specification was 25000/m3Specific surface area 325m2/m3The porosity was 87%.
The coconut shell blocks are approximate rectangular blocks and natural micro-arc-shaped, the size of the smallest block is not smaller than 15mm, the length of the largest block is not larger than 55mm, and the width is not larger than 15 mm. Clean, free of silt and impurity, and needs to be treated with disinsection (egg).
The shape of the light biological ceramsite is similar to a cylinder or oliveThe particle size is 15-35 mm, and the deodorization is not facilitated when the particle size is too small or too large. The manufacturing raw material is dewatered sludge of municipal sewage treatment plants or river dredging bottom mud. The bulk density of the finished product is 500-800 kg/m3The sphericity coefficient is about 0.65, the compressive strength is about 2.5MPa, the specific surface area is 8m2/g, the slag dropping rate is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the hydrochloric acid solubility is less than or equal to 1 percent.
The granularity of the oyster shell/oyster shell is 15-65 mm after being crushed, and the undersize or oversize is not beneficial to deodorization.
The components of the composite filler of the embodiment are not required to be layered, and the composite filler is uniformly mixed during filling and kept wet during deodorization operation.
Compared with other known deodorization fillers, the composite filler of the embodiment has the advantages that the deodorization energy consumption (including a draught fan and a spray circulating pump) can be saved by 50% or more, the deodorization efficiency can be improved by 30% or more, and the comprehensive service life can be prolonged by one time or more, so that the technical and economic benefits of the composite filler are remarkable, and good biological deodorization effect and atmospheric environment protection effect are achieved.
Example two
Referring to the attached figure 1, the invention is further explained in detail by taking the composite filler of the invention as an embodiment in combination with a biological deodorization project of a centralized sewage treatment plant in Fuling certain industrial park of Chongqing. Therefore, the embodiment provides a practical and feasible technical scheme which is successfully applied.
The scale of sewage treatment in this example was 5000m3D, setting 1 biological deodorization filter system device for treating the odor of water inlet pump room, fine grid grit chamber, biochemical reaction tank and sludge dewatering room, and deodorizing the air quantity of 4800m3The emission standard of factory odor meets the standard regulated by national standard of odor pollutant emission standard (GB14554) and pollutant emission standard of municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918). The deodorizing filter tank has length of 8.60 × 2.50 × 2.60m, composite stuffing area of 7.10m and thickness of 1.40m, and is made of FRP, glass fiber reinforced plastic induced draft tube and centrifugal induced draft fan with Q being 4800m as main parameter3And h, the wind pressure difference delta P is 1580Pa, and the motor power is 4 kW.
The design parameters of the deodorization system meet the technical regulation of odor treatment technical regulation (CJJ/T243-2016) of urban sewage treatment plants, the treatment rate of the system on indexes such as hydrogen sulfide concentration and odor concentration is more than or equal to 95 percent, in the main parameters, the empty tower residence time T of the biological trickling filtration is 18.6s (more than 15s), the empty tower gas velocity v is 270.4m/h (less than or equal to 300m/h), and the hydrogen sulfide load is 4.0 g/(m/h)3·h)(≤5g/(m3·h))。
The quantity of the composite filler filled in the biological deodorization filter tank is 7.10 multiplied by 2.50 multiplied by 1.40 m-24.85 m3≈25m3Wherein: original ecological bamboo charcoal of 18.75m3Plastic pall ring 0.375m3Pine bark and pine scale 2.50m3Light biological ceramsite 0.625m3Oyster Shell/oyster Shell 2.75m3The total of the five types of fillers is 25m3(ii) a 75% of original ecological bamboo charcoal, 1.5% of plastic pall ring, 10% of pine bark and pine scale, 2.5% of light biological ceramsite, 11% of oyster shell/oyster shell and the total amount is 100%. The particle size of the original ecological bamboo charcoal is 15-45 mm, and the specification of the plastic pall ring is
Figure BDA0003190186000000261
The length of the pine bark and the pine scale is 15-55 mm, the granularity of the light biological ceramsite is 15-35 mm, and the granularity of the oyster shell/oyster shell is 15-65 mm.
Specifically, the original ecological bamboo charcoal particles are approximate to rectangular blocks, the thickness is the natural thickness of natural bamboo after carbonization, the size and the granularity are not smaller than 15mm, the wind resistance and the energy consumption of a filler body can be increased by too fine crushing, but not larger than 45mm, and the deodorization efficiency can be reduced by too large crushing, so that the deodorization effect is influenced.
The plastic pall ring is of a columnar suspension filler structure, has small air resistance, is required to have hydrophilicity, is made of polypropylene (PP), cannot be used for recycling old materials, and is ensured to be continuously used for more than 5 years, the breakage rate of the filler structure is not more than 5%, and the product is in accordance with the environmental protection industry standard 'environmental protection product technical requirement suspension filler' (HJ/T246-2006).
Figure BDA0003190186000000262
Specific surface area of 150m of specification2/m3The number of stacked layers is 15800/m3Bulk density 82kg/m3。
The granularity of the pine bark and the pine scale is similar to that of a rectangular block, the minimum block size is not smaller than 15mm, the maximum block length is not larger than 55mm, and the width is not larger than 15 mm. Clean, free of silt and impurity, and needs to be treated with disinsection (egg).
The shape of the light biological ceramsite is similar to a cylinder or an olive, the granularity is 15-35 mm, and the light biological ceramsite is too small or too large and is not beneficial to deodorization. The manufacturing raw material is dewatered sludge of municipal sewage treatment plants or river dredging bottom mud. The bulk density of the finished product is 500-800 kg/m3The sphericity coefficient is about 0.65, the compressive strength is about 2.5MPa, the specific surface area is 8m2/g, the slag dropping rate is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the hydrochloric acid solubility is less than or equal to 1 percent.
The granularity of the oyster shell/oyster shell is 15-65 mm after being crushed, and the undersize or oversize is not beneficial to deodorization.
The components of the composite filler of the embodiment are not required to be layered, and the composite filler is uniformly mixed during filling and kept wet during deodorization operation.
Compared with other known deodorization fillers, the composite filler of the embodiment has the advantages that the deodorization energy consumption (including a draught fan and a spray circulating pump) can be saved by 50% or more, the deodorization efficiency can be improved by 30% or more, and the comprehensive service life can be prolonged by one time or more, so that the technical and economic benefits of the composite filler are remarkable, and good biological deodorization effect and good atmospheric environment effect are achieved. If the invention is widely applied to the construction of deodorization projects, the construction capital in billions of yuan can be saved, and the considerable operation power consumption and the filler supplement and replacement cost can be saved every year, therefore, the invention has very obvious macroscopic and microscopic economic benefits.
From the two examples, the composite filler disclosed by the invention is not only suitable for biological treatment of odor of urban domestic sewage, but also suitable for biological treatment of odor in industrial parks, and can reach the standards specified in national standard discharge Standard of malodorous pollutants (GB14554) and discharge Standard of pollutants for urban Sewage treatment plants (GB 18918). Therefore, compared with other deodorizing fillers, the invention has the unexpected beneficial effects in the aspects of high efficiency, high reliability, convenience, durability, construction cost, operation cost and the like.
The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a prevent hardening and resist acid corrosion fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler which characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 70-80% of original ecological bamboo charcoal; 1% -2% of plastic hollow spheres/pall rings; 8 to 12 percent of pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell blocks; 2 to 3 percent of light biological ceramsite; 9 to 13 percent of oyster shell/oyster shell.
2. The anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the original ecological bamboo charcoal is 15-45 mm.
3. The anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the plastic hollow ball/pall ring is 15-40 mm.
4. The anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pine bark, pine scale and/or coconut shell blocks have the size granularity of 15-55 mm.
5. The anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the granularity of the light biological ceramsite is 15-35 mm.
6. The anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the granularity of the oyster shell/oyster shell is 15-65 mm.
7. The anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pine bark, pine scales and/or coconut shell pieces require an insecticidal treatment.
CN202110874730.4A 2021-07-30 2021-07-30 Anti-hardening and anti-acid-etching fluffy type biological deodorization composite filler Pending CN113457430A (en)

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