CN113451785B - Ultra-wideband planar spiral antenna loaded with dielectric lens - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband planar spiral antenna loaded with dielectric lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN113451785B CN113451785B CN202110709663.0A CN202110709663A CN113451785B CN 113451785 B CN113451785 B CN 113451785B CN 202110709663 A CN202110709663 A CN 202110709663A CN 113451785 B CN113451785 B CN 113451785B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microwaves and antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband planar helical antenna loaded with a dielectric lens, which comprises a circular ring-shaped reflecting bottom plate, a truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate, a planar helical antenna radiation structure and a hemispherical dielectric lens, wherein the circular ring-shaped reflecting bottom plate, the truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate, the planar helical antenna radiation structure and the hemispherical dielectric lens are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the micro-strip balun feed structure is arranged inside the truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate, and the planar helical antenna radiation structure feeds power through the micro-strip balun feed structure. The invention aims to provide a structure for loading a dielectric lens and a truncated cone-shaped reflecting back plate on the basis of an Archimedes spiral antenna aiming at the requirements of the medical fields of breast cancer detection, imaging and the like on high gain and wide frequency band of the antenna, and can solve the technical problem that a planar spiral antenna cannot be miniaturized, ultra-wide band and good radiation performance at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwaves and antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband planar spiral antenna loaded with a dielectric lens.
Background
With the rapid development of modern communication technology, people put higher requirements on high-speed wireless communication, radio frequency spectrum is continuously expanded, and communication bandwidth requirements are widened. An antenna is an important component in a radio system as an important device for radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves, and with the advent of an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) system, the research of Ultra Wide Band (UWB) antennas has become an important branch in the field of antennas. Moreover, the ultra-wideband antenna with broadband performance, high gain and miniaturization receives more and more attention in the application fields of frequency modulation broadcasting, satellite communication, radar, medical detection, imaging and the like.
The traditional ultra-wideband antenna has the main form: various modifications of helical antennas, planar horn antennas, slot line antennas, fractal antennas, vivaldi antennas, and dipole antennas, etc., in which a planar helical antenna exhibits stable impedance characteristics and good pattern characteristics in an extremely wide frequency band due to its own non-frequency-varying characteristics, and thus exhibits great significance and use value in many specific occasions. The planar helical antenna is a balanced structure, and when a non-balanced transmission line such as a coaxial line is used for feeding, a micro-strip balun structure is needed for balancing current. The planar helical antenna has the characteristics of wide frequency band and small size, but because the radiation energy of the planar helical antenna is bidirectional, a reflecting cavity is usually loaded on the back surface of the planar helical antenna in order to obtain the unidirectional radiation characteristic, but because the reflecting cavity belongs to a resonance device, the working frequency band of the planar helical antenna is necessarily narrowed, and the performance of the planar helical antenna is sharply deteriorated by adding the reflection of the side wall of the reflecting cavity.
The patent with the application number of '201620619384. X' discloses a broadband miniaturized antenna for 5G mobile communication, which comprises a metal patch, a spiral antenna array element, a broadband balun, a trapezoidal horn, a circular ring, a reflection ground and the like, and has better electrical characteristics within a frequency range of 3-6 GHz, but the half-power (-3dB) field angle of the antenna is about 100 degrees, so that the antenna gain is too wide, and the working bandwidth of the antenna is far from being insufficient in the application fields of breast cancer detection and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultra-wideband planar helical antenna loaded with a dielectric lens, which can adjust the beam shape and improve the gain, can orient more radiation power to the upper space of the antenna from an antenna back plate, and improve the radiation efficiency and the gain.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the adopted technical scheme is as follows: the ultra-wideband planar helical antenna loaded with the dielectric lens comprises a circular ring-shaped reflection bottom plate, a truncated cone-shaped metal reflection back plate, a planar helical antenna radiation structure and a hemispherical dielectric lens, wherein the circular ring-shaped reflection bottom plate, the truncated cone-shaped metal reflection back plate, the planar helical antenna radiation structure and the hemispherical dielectric lens are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the microstrip balun feed structure is arranged inside the truncated cone-shaped metal reflection back plate, and the planar helical antenna radiation structure feeds power through the microstrip balun feed structure.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the planar spiral antenna radiation structure comprises an Archimedes spiral line, a planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate and a metal ring, wherein the Archimedes spiral line and the metal ring are both arranged on the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate, the Archimedes spiral line comprises two radiation arms which are rotationally symmetric at 180 degrees, and the metal ring is loaded at the periphery of the radiation arms at a certain distance.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the ends of the two radiating arms adopt triangular feed, and the center of the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate is provided with a rectangular groove through which a microstrip balun feed structure passes.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the number of turns of the Archimedes spiral is 3, and the inner radius of the Archimedes spiral is 3.67 mm.
As an optimization scheme of the invention, the microstrip balun feed structure comprises a feed dielectric substrate and two exponential gradient metal microstrip lines, wherein the exponential gradient metal microstrip lines are arranged in the middle of the feed dielectric substrate, the feed dielectric substrate is stepped integrally, and the microstrip balun feed structure is a double-sided structure.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the dielectric constant of the feed dielectric substrate is larger than that of the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the interior of the truncated cone-shaped metal reflection back plate is hollow, the upper top end surface of the truncated cone-shaped metal reflection back plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the lower bottom end of the truncated cone-shaped metal reflection back plate is contacted with the circular reflection bottom plate.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the bottom surface of the hemispherical dielectric lens is provided with a supporting surface for fixing on a horizontal plane.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the hemispherical dielectric lens is made of Rexolite material.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the circular reflecting bottom plate, the planar spiral antenna radiation structure and the hemispherical dielectric lens are connected through the supporting column.
The invention has the positive effects that: 1) the invention aims to provide a structure for loading a dielectric lens and a truncated cone-shaped reflecting back plate on the basis of an Archimedes spiral antenna aiming at the requirements of the medical fields of breast cancer detection, imaging and the like on high gain and wide frequency band of the antenna. The structure can solve the technical problem that the planar helical antenna cannot simultaneously have miniaturization, ultra wide band and good radiation performance.
2) The antenna can keep good standing wave performance in a working frequency band of 3-12 GHz, has good directional diagram characteristics and high gain (a half-power (-3dB) field angle is less than 60 degrees, and the minimum gain is greater than 5dBi), and meanwhile, the whole plane size and the section size of the antenna are small, the structure is simple and light, the assembly is easy, and the miniaturization characteristic of the antenna is realized;
3) the internal reflection coefficient S11 of the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is below-10 dB, the standing-wave ratio is less than 2, and the antenna has good directional diagram characteristics and high gain in frequency bands.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a planar helical antenna radiation structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a microstrip balun feed structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a truncated cone shaped metallic reflective backplane;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a hemispherical dielectric lens;
FIG. 7 is a graph of a simulation of the reflection coefficient S11 for an antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of VSWR simulation for an antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a two-dimensional pattern at the 3GHz frequency point of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a two-dimensional pattern at the 7.5GHz frequency point for the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a two-dimensional pattern at the 10GHz frequency point for the antenna of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a two-dimensional pattern at the 12GHz frequency point of the antenna of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a gain diagram at the 3GHz frequency point of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a graph of the gain at the 7.5GHz frequency point for the antenna of the invention;
fig. 15 is a graph of the gain at the 10GHz frequency point for the antenna of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a gain diagram at the 12GHz frequency point of the antenna of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the planar helical antenna comprises a planar helical antenna radiation structure, 2, a microstrip balun feed structure, 3, a circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflection back plate, 4, a circular ring-shaped reflection bottom plate, 5, a hemispherical dielectric lens, 11, an Archimedes spiral line, 12, a planar helical antenna dielectric substrate, 13, a metal ring, 121, a rectangular groove, 21, a feed dielectric substrate, 22, an index gradient metal microstrip line, 31, an arc-shaped groove, 51, a supporting surface, 6, a supporting column, 7, a plastic buckle, 8 and a plastic bottom plate.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention discloses an ultra-wideband planar helical antenna loaded with a dielectric lens, which includes a circular reflective bottom plate 4, a circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflective back plate 3, a planar helical antenna radiation structure 1 and a hemispherical dielectric lens 5, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the microstrip balun feed structure 2 is arranged inside the circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflective back plate 3, and the planar helical antenna radiation structure 1 feeds through the microstrip balun feed structure 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the planar helical antenna radiation structure 1 includes an archimedean spiral 11, a planar helical antenna dielectric substrate 12, and a metal ring 13, where the archimedean spiral 11 and the metal ring 13 are both disposed on the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate 12, the archimedean spiral 11 includes two radiation arms that are rotationally symmetric at 180 °, and the metal ring 13 is loaded at a certain interval on the periphery of the radiation arms.
The contour of the archimedes' spiral 11 can be expressed as:
wherein r is0The initial value of the radial dimension of the helix, i.e. the inner radius of the helix,
is the helix angle and alpha is the helix growth rate. Mixing the aboveThe spiral line rotates 180 degrees to obtain another spiral line, and the area enclosed by the two spiral lines is a radiation arm of the antenna. Two radiation arms of the antenna are in 180-degree rotational symmetry. In order to stabilize the impedance of the low-frequency band antenna and improve the low-frequency band standing wave oscillation, metal rings 13 are loaded on the periphery of the antenna radiation arm at certain intervals. Triangular feed arms are added at the end parts of the two radiation arms, and a rectangular groove 121 through which the microstrip balun feed structure 2 passes is formed in the center of the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate 12. The number of turns of the archimedean spiral 11 is 3, and the inner radius of the archimedean spiral 11 is 3.67 mm. For convenience of processing and structural support, the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate 12 is made of Rogers RT5880 material, has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2, a thickness of 1.00mm and a radius of 40.00mm, and is made of single-sided copper-clad. And a triangular feed arm is adopted in each of the two spiral arms to smoothly transit to a microstrip balun feed point so as to improve standing waves in an operating frequency band. The center of the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate 12 is provided with a rectangular slot 121 with the same thickness as the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate, so that the microstrip balun feed structure 2 penetrates from the back surface to be in contact with the two arms of the antenna for feeding. In order to relieve low-frequency impedance fluctuation and improve standing wave performance, a metal ring 13 with the width of 1mm is arranged at a position 1mm away from the radiation double arm. In order to add plastic support to the periphery, a circular opening with the diameter of 4.00mm is opened at a position 31.80mm away from the center of the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate 12, and the positions are symmetrical.
As shown in fig. 4, the microstrip balun feed structure 2 includes a feed dielectric substrate 21 and two exponential gradient metal microstrip lines 22, the exponential gradient metal microstrip lines 22 are disposed at the middle position of the feed dielectric substrate 21, the feed dielectric substrate 21 is stepped as a whole, and the microstrip balun feed structure 2 is a double-sided structure.
The planar helical antenna radiation structure 1 feeds through the microstrip balun feed structure 2, and impedance conversion from an unbalanced end to a balanced end is realized. The whole feed dielectric substrate 21 is in a step shape with different lengths, the metal microstrip lines on two sides of the feed dielectric substrate 21 are in exponential form gradient lines, and the impedance transformation is realized in the gradient process; the balun unbalanced terminal impedance is 50 Ω, and is actually connected with a coaxial cable with characteristic impedance of 50 Ω, and the balun balanced terminal impedance is about 166 Ω, so as to be connected with the archimedean spiral 11 for feeding; the length of the traditional microstrip balun is about one half of the wavelength corresponding to the lower limit frequency of the antenna working frequency band, the overall longitudinal height of the antenna is increased, in order to reduce the overall height of the antenna structure, the feed dielectric substrate 21 adopts different materials with the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate 12 under the condition of not influencing the antenna performance, the dielectric constant is larger than that of the feed dielectric substrate, and the length of the feed balun and the antenna section are obviously reduced.
Two sides of the feed dielectric substrate 21 are exponential gradient metal microstrip lines, one microstrip line is used as a transmission line, the unbalanced end inputs 50 Ω, the other microstrip line is used as a ground line, the input end has a line width of five times of the unbalanced end transmission line, the two microstrip lines have the same width at the balanced end, and the exponential gradient form realizes the impedance conversion from the unbalanced end 50 Ω to the balanced end 166 Ω; the microstrip balun feed structure 2 is arranged perpendicular to the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate 12, the unbalanced end is connected with the SMA connector, and the balanced end is connected with the two arms of the Archimedes spiral 11.
In order to shorten the overall longitudinal dimension of the antenna and improve the standing wave performance of the antenna, the feed dielectric substrate 21 is made of FR-4 material, has a relative dielectric constant of 4.3, a thickness of 0.80mm, a total length of 31.00mm and a cut width in a step shape with different lengths so as to be placed in the truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate 3 and be used as a structural support; the feed dielectric substrate 21 close to the unbalanced end is provided with a square part with the width of 5.00 multiplied by 5.00mm, so that the feed dielectric substrate is convenient to fix by using the plastic buckle 7.
As shown in fig. 5, the circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflective back plate 3 is hollow, an arc-shaped groove 31 is formed in the upper top end surface of the circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflective back plate 3, and the lower bottom end of the circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflective back plate 3 is in contact with the circular reflective bottom plate 4.
The arc-shaped groove 31 realizes the one-way radiation of the antenna, the upper part of the truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate 3 is of a truncated cone-shaped structure, and the vertical distance from the position on the side surface of the truncated cone to the back surface of the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate 12 is equal to that of the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate
Wherein λ is an antennaThe wavelength of each frequency point in the working frequency band; the circumference of the top end of the circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate 3 is equal to one wavelength of the highest working frequency point of the antenna, and the circumference of the bottom end of the circular truncated cone is equal to one wavelength of the lowest working frequency point of the antenna; the lower bottom end of the round table-shaped metal reflecting back plate 3 is contacted with the circular reflecting bottom plate 4 so as to enlarge the range of backward wave beam forward radiation.
The circular truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate 3 is used for realizing the unidirectional radiation of the antenna, the radius of the upper top end of the circular truncated cone is 3.98mm, the radius of the lower bottom end of the circular truncated cone is 19.89mm, and the height from the upper top end to the lower bottom end is 25.00 mm; the circular truncated cone reflecting structure is hollow, the wall thickness is 0.80mm, an arc-shaped groove 31 is formed in the upper top end face, the length of the arc-shaped groove 31 is 6.06mm, and the width of the central axis is 1.6mm, so that the internal balun structure extends out.
The radius of the circular reflection bottom plate 4 is 40mm, the thickness is 0.80mm, and four circular openings which are centrosymmetric and have the diameter of 4.00mm are arranged at the position which is 31.80mm away from the center of the circular reflection bottom plate 4 and are used for arranging the supporting columns 6; the height of the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate 12 from the circular ring-shaped reflection bottom plate 4 is 31.25 mm. Meanwhile, 6 mounting holes with the radius of 1.55mm are arranged on the annular reflection bottom plate 4 at a position 35mm away from the central point, and each mounting hole is separated by 60 degrees
As shown in fig. 6, the bottom surface of the hemispherical dielectric lens 5 is provided with a support surface 51 for fixation on a horizontal plane. The hemispherical dielectric lens 5 is made of Rexolite materials, the hemispherical dielectric lens 5 improves the directional performance of the antenna, improves the beam shape, improves the antenna gain in a specific direction, and is loaded on the top of the antenna. Rexolite is adopted as the material of the lens, so that the cost is low and the processing is easy. The hemispherical dielectric lens 5 adjusts the beam shape of the antenna radiation and improves the directional gain, the relative dielectric constant of the hemispherical dielectric lens 5 is 2.2, the electric loss angle is 0.001, and the radius is 23.80 mm; the bottom surface of the hemisphere extends upwards for 2.00mm, a square 16 with the side length of 53.60mm is manufactured, the distance between the square and the center of the sphere is 31.80mm, and four centrosymmetric circular openings with the diameter of 4.00mm are formed in the square and are used for arranging the support columns 6; the height of the bottom surface of the hemispherical dielectric lens 5 from the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate 12 is 14.98 mm.
The supporting columns 6 are made of PTFE materials and have a relative dielectric constant of 2.1. The number of the support columns 6 is four, the support columns are arranged in a central symmetry mode in a surrounding mode, and the functions of fixing the distance among all parts of the antenna and providing structural support are mainly achieved; the two plastic buckles 7 are fixed on the upper part of the plastic bottom plate 8, the plastic bottom plate 8 is positioned below the circular reflection bottom plate 4, and the plastic buckles 7 are used for clamping and fixing a 5.00 multiplied by 5.00mm square part of the microstrip balun feed structure 2, which is close to the unbalanced end and is transversely extended; the diameter of the central groove of the circular reflection bottom plate 4 is 15.56mm, so that a coaxial cable can conveniently extend into the circular reflection bottom plate to be connected with the balun, and four circular openings which are centrosymmetric and have the diameter of 4.00mm are formed at the position 31.80mm away from the center and are used for being connected with a plastic support column.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the simulation is carried out on the ultra-wideband planar helical antenna loaded with the dielectric lens. Due to the good transmission performance of the microstrip balun feed structure with the improved length, the reflection coefficient S11 of the antenna in the working frequency band of 3-12 GHz is less than-10 dB, the standing-wave ratio VSWR is not more than 2, the frequency bands are all less than 1.7, the actual working frequency band is widened at a high frequency, and the good standing-wave performance and the ultra-wideband performance are achieved.
Referring to fig. 9-12, the E-plane and H-plane patterns of the dielectric lens loaded ultra-wideband planar helical antenna at four frequency points of 3GHz, 7.5GHz, 10GHz and 12GHz are shown, respectively. Thanks to the circular truncated cone-shaped reflecting back plate structure and the hemispherical dielectric lens, the antenna realizes excellent one-way radiation performance, except that the-3 dB half-power field angle at the low-frequency 3GHz position is slightly larger than 60 degrees, the-3 dB half-power field angles of other frequency points are all smaller than 60 degrees, the shape of a wave beam adjusted by the dielectric lens in the main radiation direction is good and concentrated, the directivity is strong, and the side lobe level is small.
Referring to fig. 13-16, gains of the dielectric lens loaded ultra-wideband planar spiral antenna at four frequency points of 3GHz, 7.5GHz, 10GHz and 12GHz are respectively shown. The loaded hemispherical dielectric lens obviously improves the gain of the antenna, the gains at 3GHz, 7.5GHz, 10GHz and 12GHz respectively reach 8.56dBi, 13.8dBi, 11dBi and 16.5dBi, and the high-gain characteristic of the antenna is realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a loading dielectric lens's ultra wide band plane helical antenna which characterized in that: the planar helical antenna comprises a circular reflecting bottom plate (4), a truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate (3), a planar helical antenna radiation structure (1) and a hemispherical dielectric lens (5), wherein the circular reflecting bottom plate, the truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate (3), the planar helical antenna radiation structure (1) and the hemispherical dielectric lens are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the micro-strip balun feed structure (2) is arranged inside the truncated cone-shaped metal reflecting back plate (3), and the planar helical antenna radiation structure (1) feeds power through the micro-strip balun feed structure (2); the round table-shaped metal reflection backboard is characterized in that the round table-shaped metal reflection backboard (3) is hollow, an arc-shaped groove (31) is formed in the upper top end face of the round table-shaped metal reflection backboard (3), the lower bottom end of the round table-shaped metal reflection backboard (3) is in contact with a circular reflection bottom plate (4), and a supporting face (51) for fixing is arranged on the horizontal plane on the bottom face of the hemispheroid dielectric lens (5).
2. The dielectric lens-loaded ultra-wideband planar helical antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the planar spiral antenna radiation structure (1) comprises an Archimedes spiral line (11), a planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate (12) and a metal ring (13), wherein the Archimedes spiral line (11) and the metal ring (13) are both arranged on the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate (12), the Archimedes spiral line (11) comprises two radiation arms which are in 180-degree rotational symmetry, and the metal ring (13) is loaded at the periphery of the radiation arms at a certain interval.
3. The dielectric lens-loaded ultra-wideband planar helical antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the ends of the two radiating arms adopt triangular feed, and the center of the planar spiral antenna dielectric substrate (12) is provided with a rectangular groove (121) through which the microstrip balun feed structure (2) passes.
4. The dielectric lens-loaded ultra-wideband planar helical antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the number of turns of the Archimedes spiral line (11) is 3, and the inner radius of the Archimedes spiral line (11) is 3.67 mm.
5. The dielectric lens loaded ultra-wideband planar spiral antenna of claim 2, wherein: the microstrip balun feed structure (2) comprises a feed dielectric substrate (21) and two exponential gradient metal microstrip lines (22), wherein the exponential gradient metal microstrip lines (22) are arranged in the middle of the feed dielectric substrate (21), the feed dielectric substrate (21) is integrally in a step shape, and the microstrip balun feed structure (2) is in a double-sided structure.
6. The dielectric lens-loaded ultra-wideband planar helical antenna according to claim 5, wherein: the dielectric constant of the feed dielectric substrate (21) is larger than that of the planar helical antenna dielectric substrate (12).
7. The dielectric lens-loaded ultra-wideband planar helical antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the hemispherical dielectric lens (5) is made of Rexolite material.
8. The dielectric lens-loaded ultra-wideband planar helical antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the circular ring-shaped reflection bottom plate (4), the plane spiral antenna radiation structure (1) and the hemispherical dielectric lens (5) are connected through a support column (6).
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| CN117293560B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-03-15 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Ultra-wideband dual polarized lens antenna |
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