CN113447852A - Method for detecting disconnection of PT loop at generator terminal without influence of operation condition of generator - Google Patents
Method for detecting disconnection of PT loop at generator terminal without influence of operation condition of generator Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting disconnection of a PT loop at a generator terminal without being influenced by the operation condition of a generator, belonging to the technical field of voltage transformer disconnection detection. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply is additionally arranged and is coupled to the primary side of a generator through a neutral point grounding transformer or a grounding arc suppression coil of the generator, and then the low-frequency square wave power supply is converted to the secondary side through a terminal PT; then detecting 20Hz three-phase voltage, frequency and phase-to-phase voltage of a PT secondary side at the generator terminal in real time; and finally, judging the integrity of the PT loop of the generator according to the detection result. The method for detecting the PT circuit disconnection at the generator end is not influenced by the operating condition of the unit, effectively eliminates the PT disconnection detection dead zone in the shutdown state of the generator, can quickly judge the PT disconnection fault range at the generator end, improves the defect elimination efficiency of equipment, and has strong practicability and popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of voltage transformer disconnection detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting disconnection of a PT loop at a generator terminal, which is not influenced by the operation condition of a generator.
Background
CN201310007274.9 discloses a method for determining a primary disconnection of a generator-side voltage transformer, which is characterized in that: the protection device detects the negative sequence voltage (3U2) of a generator terminal voltage Transformer (TV), the open delta fundamental wave zero sequence voltage (3U0) and the zero sequence voltage (Un0) or the zero sequence current (In0) of a generator neutral point, and compares the detected quantities with corresponding fixed values according to the following formulas:
formula 1: un0 < U0.set1 or In0 < I0.set1;
formula 2: 3U2 > U2. set2;
formula 3: 3U0 > U0.set2;
wherein, U0.set1, U2.set2 and U0.set2 are voltage constant values, I0.set1 is current constant value,
when the conditions of the formulas 1, 2 and 3 are simultaneously met, judging that the generator terminal voltage transformer TV has primary disconnection, delaying to send out a primary disconnection alarm signal of the generator terminal voltage transformer TV, and locking the generator stator ground protection;
when any one of the conditions of the formulas 1, 2 and 3 is not met, the condition that the generator terminal voltage transformer TV is recovered to be normal is judged, the generator terminal voltage transformer TV is withdrawn in a delayed mode for one-time disconnection alarming, and generator stator grounding protection is opened.
CN200510123095.7 discloses a generator PT disconnection judging method, which is characterized in that the judging method comprises three criteria:
the first criterion is: comparing two groups of PT measured values, when only one group of PT is disconnected, the PT measured value of the group is suddenly reduced, at the same time, the PT measured value of the other group is kept unchanged, and when the outlet of the generator is short-circuited, the PT measured values of the two groups are simultaneously reduced;
the second criterion is: the method comprises the following steps that negative sequence components appear in PT measurement, no negative sequence components exist in no-load of a generator or no negative sequence components exist in stator current measurement, and aiming at the single-phase or two-phase simultaneous disconnection faults of two groups of PT, when the two groups of PT simultaneously break the single-phase or two-phase lines, the negative sequence components appear in voltage measurement, and when a stator of the generator normally runs, the negative sequence components do not appear in stator current measurement; when a single-phase or two-phase short circuit occurs, a negative sequence component occurs in the measurement of the stator current; the criterion can distinguish short circuit and PT disconnection; when the outlet of the generator is short-circuited, the excitation control device can carry out correct control without mistakenly judging that the PT is broken; the third criterion is: the PT measured value is very little and rotor current is great and stator current is normal, and when two sets of PT three-phases break simultaneously, two sets of PT three-phase voltage measurement are all zero, also do not have negative sequence component, the first and second criterions all state that became invalid: when the rotor current is larger than the set value corresponding to the generator, the two groups of PT measured values are very low and are smaller than the set value corresponding to the generator; the following decision occurs: three-phase short circuit occurs at the outlet of the generator, or all the two groups of PT are disconnected; the difference between the two conditions is that the stator current measurement value is changed, and when a short circuit occurs, the stator current measurement value is increased; thereby judging that two groups of PT are in-phase and multi-phase broken lines.
CN201410291128.8 discloses a method for detecting disconnection of a voltage transformer, where there are two voltage transformers for protecting a generator in a pumped storage power station, and the two voltage transformers include a first voltage transformer in a power generation direction and a second voltage transformer in a pumping direction, and the method for detecting disconnection of a voltage transformer is characterized by including the following steps:
(1) acquiring voltage signals from a first potential transformer PT1, and acquiring line voltages U1AB, U1BC and U1CA through calculation;
(2) acquiring voltage signals from a second potential transformer PT2, and acquiring line voltages U2AB, U2BC and U2CA through calculation;
(3) and comparing the line voltage amplitude of each of the two voltage transformers, namely calculating the line voltage amplitude difference delta UAB, delta UBC and delta UCA of the two voltage transformers, and judging whether the voltage transformers break.
CN201910020791.7 discloses a PT disconnection discriminating method for a generator excitation system, which is characterized in that: with a double sleeve excitation regulator: and judging whether the slow fusing fault of the PT primary side high-voltage fuse occurs or not by the difference value of the effective values of the stator voltages sampled by the excitation regulators A and B or the difference value of the per-unit values of the stator voltage and the anode voltage of the excitation on-line control regulator.
The generator PT disconnection detection method related to the above 4 patents has the following problems:
1) in the existing method for detecting the disconnection of the voltage transformer (PT for short) of the generator, the characteristic quantities of voltage and current are 50Hz power frequency quantity of the generator, are influenced by the operating condition of the generator, and can be detected only before excitation voltage, grid-connected current and switch disconnection de-excitation voltage disappear. When the generator is in a shutdown state, a idling state and partial conditions occur in the startup and shutdown process of the generator, PT disconnection caused by unit vibration change and environmental temperature change exists, and due to the fact that no 50Hz power frequency voltage and current exists at the generator end, a PT disconnection detection dead zone exists, PT disconnection at the generator end can not be detected quickly and effectively, and the startup failure of the generator is caused.
2) The existing method for detecting the disconnection of the PT machine end of the generator cannot effectively judge whether the disconnection fault of the PT loop occurs in a PT primary loop or a PT secondary loop, and needs to be manually and gradually checked in situ, so that the defect eliminating efficiency of maintenance and overhaul personnel is low.
Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the prior art is a problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of the disconnection detection of the voltage transformer at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a method for detecting the disconnection of a PT loop at a generator terminal, which is not influenced by the operation condition of a generator. The method utilizes an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply, is not influenced by the operation condition of a unit, and can still detect the 20Hz voltage and 20Hz frequency conditions of the PT loop at the generator terminal in real time even in the shutdown state, thereby effectively eliminating the dead zone of the PT disconnection detection in the shutdown state of the generator and improving the success rate of starting the generator. When the PT disconnection fault occurs at the generator terminal, whether the PT disconnection fault range occurs in a primary loop or a secondary loop can be judged according to the 20Hz phase voltage, phase-to-phase voltage and frequency change condition of the PT loop at the generator terminal, and the defect elimination efficiency of the equipment is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for detecting the disconnection of the PT loop at the generator end without being influenced by the running condition of the generator comprises the following steps:
step (1), an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply is coupled to the primary side of a generator through a neutral point grounding transformer or a grounding arc suppression coil of the generator and then converted to the secondary side through a terminal PT;
step (2), detecting 20Hz three-phase voltage, phase frequency, phase-to-phase voltage and phase-to-phase frequency of a PT secondary side at the generator terminal in real time;
and (3) judging the integrity of the PT loop of the generator:
when a PT three-phase loop at the generator terminal is intact, a PT phase voltage loop at the generator terminal can measure 20Hz low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency with equal three-phase amplitude and phase, and the voltage and the frequency between PT phases at the generator terminal are both 0;
when a primary circuit of a PT at the generator end has a disconnection fault, the low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency of 20Hz cannot be measured by a disconnection fault phase, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of the PT at the generator end are unbalanced, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency related to the disconnection fault phase are not 0, and the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of a non-disconnection phase are 0, so that the disconnection of the primary circuit fault phase is judged;
when the line break fault occurs in the PT secondary circuit at the generator end, the low-frequency voltage and the 20Hz frequency of the 20Hz phase can not be measured in the line break fault phase, and the voltage and the frequency between the phases of the PT at the generator end are both 0, so that the line break of the secondary circuit fault phase is judged.
Further, the external injection type low-frequency square wave power supply with 20Hz is preferably a 5V power supply.
Further, preferably, assuming that an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply 5V is coupled to the primary side of the generator through a generator neutral point grounding transformer of 18kV/1.09kV, and then is converted to the secondary side through a generator terminal PT of 18kV/100V, the three-phase voltage, the phase frequency, the inter-phase voltage and the inter-phase frequency of the secondary side of the generator terminal PT are detected in real time; judging a fault phase according to the criteria shown in the table 1 and the table 2;
TABLE 1 Generator terminal PT disconnection fault voltage criterion
TABLE 2 Generator terminal PT disconnection fault frequency criterion
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for detecting the PT disconnection at the generator end of the generator is not influenced by the operation condition of the generator set, and effectively eliminates the PT disconnection detection dead zone when the generator is in a shutdown state. The method is suitable for various types of generators grounded through neutral point transformers or arc suppression coils, is used for generator terminal PT disconnection detection methods of various wiring modes, and has wide application range and high reliability; meanwhile, PT disconnection caused by unit vibration change and environmental temperature change in the starting and stopping processes of the generator can be found in time, the starting success rate of the generator is improved, the starting cost is saved, and the method has good economic value;
(2) the method for detecting the PT disconnection at the generator end can quickly judge the PT disconnection fault range at the generator end, improves the equipment defect elimination efficiency, and has strong practicability and popularization and application values as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a generator terminal PT loop disconnection detection in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
Example 1
The method for detecting the disconnection of the PT loop at the generator end without being influenced by the running condition of the generator comprises the following steps:
step (1), an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply is coupled to the primary side of a generator through a neutral point grounding transformer or a grounding arc suppression coil of the generator and then converted to the secondary side through a terminal PT;
step (2), detecting 20Hz three-phase voltage, phase frequency, phase-to-phase voltage and phase-to-phase frequency of a PT secondary side at the generator terminal in real time;
and (3) judging the integrity of the PT loop of the generator:
when a PT three-phase loop at the generator terminal is intact, a PT phase voltage loop at the generator terminal can measure 20Hz low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency with equal three-phase amplitude and phase, and the voltage and the frequency between PT phases at the generator terminal are both 0;
when a primary circuit of a PT at the generator end has a disconnection fault, the low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency of 20Hz cannot be measured by a disconnection fault phase, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of the PT at the generator end are unbalanced, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency related to the disconnection fault phase are not 0, and the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of a non-disconnection phase are 0, so that the disconnection of the primary circuit fault phase is judged;
when the line break fault occurs in the PT secondary circuit at the generator end, the low-frequency voltage and the 20Hz frequency of the 20Hz phase can not be measured in the line break fault phase, and the voltage and the frequency between the phases of the PT at the generator end are both 0, so that the line break of the secondary circuit fault phase is judged.
Example 2
The method for detecting the disconnection of the PT loop at the generator end without being influenced by the running condition of the generator comprises the following steps:
step (1), an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply is coupled to the primary side of a generator through a neutral point grounding transformer or a grounding arc suppression coil of the generator and then converted to the secondary side through a terminal PT;
step (2), detecting 20Hz three-phase voltage, phase frequency, phase-to-phase voltage and phase-to-phase frequency of a PT secondary side at the generator terminal in real time;
and (3) judging the integrity of the PT loop of the generator:
when a PT three-phase loop at the generator terminal is intact, a PT phase voltage loop at the generator terminal can measure 20Hz low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency with equal three-phase amplitude and phase, and the voltage and the frequency between PT phases at the generator terminal are both 0;
when a primary circuit of a PT at the generator end has a disconnection fault, the low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency of 20Hz cannot be measured by a disconnection fault phase, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of the PT at the generator end are unbalanced, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency related to the disconnection fault phase are not 0, and the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of a non-disconnection phase are 0, so that the disconnection of the primary circuit fault phase is judged;
when the line break fault occurs in the PT secondary circuit at the generator end, the low-frequency voltage and the 20Hz frequency of the 20Hz phase can not be measured in the line break fault phase, and the voltage and the frequency between the phases of the PT at the generator end are both 0, so that the line break of the secondary circuit fault phase is judged.
Supposing that an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply is 5V, the power supply is coupled to the primary side of a generator through a generator neutral point grounding transformer of 18kV/1.09kV, and then is converted to the secondary side through a generator terminal PT of 18kV/100V, and three-phase voltage, phase frequency, interphase voltage and interphase frequency of the secondary side of the generator terminal PT are detected in real time; and judging the fault phase according to the criteria shown in the table 1 and the table 2.
Example 3
The invention discloses a method for detecting the disconnection of a PT circuit at the generator terminal, which utilizes an externally-added 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply to detect the phase voltage, the frequency and the phase-to-phase voltage of 20Hz three phases coupled to the secondary side of the PT circuit at the generator terminal through a neutral point grounding transformer or a grounding arc suppression coil of a generator, and detects the sound condition of the PT circuit of the generator in real time.
When the PT three-phase loop at the generator terminal is intact, the PT phase voltage loop at the generator terminal can measure 20Hz low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency with equal three-phase amplitude and phase, and the voltage and the frequency between the PT phases at the generator terminal are both 0. When a line break fault occurs in a primary circuit of a PT at the generator end, a low-frequency voltage of 20Hz and a frequency of 20Hz cannot be measured in a line break fault phase, the phase-to-phase voltage and the frequency of the PT at the generator end are unbalanced, the phase-to-phase voltage and the frequency related to the line break fault phase are not 0, the phase-to-phase voltage and the frequency of a non-line break phase are 0, and the 'line break in the primary circuit of the PT at the generator end' can be judged; when the line break fault occurs in the PT secondary circuit at the generator end, the low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency of 20Hz cannot be measured in the line break fault phase, the inter-phase voltage and frequency of the PT at the generator end are both 0, and the 'PT secondary circuit at the generator end is phase broken'. The key of the PT loop disconnection fault range criterion is the change condition of terminal phase-to-phase voltage or frequency, which is detailed in tables 3 and 4.
Example (c): taking a generator with a neutral point grounding transformer as an example, as shown in fig. 1, assuming an external 20Hz injection type low frequency square wave power supply of 5V, the power supply is coupled to the primary side of the generator through a neutral point grounding transformer (18kV/1.09kV) of the generator, and then is converted to the secondary side through a terminal PT (18kV/100V), when the primary and secondary circuits of PT are in good condition, three phases of voltages with the same phase, amplitude and frequency are generated, and the voltages are 0.45V and 20 Hz. (5X 1.09/18X 0.1/18X 0.45V)
TABLE 3 Generator terminal PT disconnection fault voltage criterion
TABLE 4 Generator terminal PT disconnection fault frequency criterion
The PT disconnection detection method at the generator terminal can directly detect the PT circuit disconnection of the generator provided with the injection type stator grounding protection device through the injection type stator grounding protection device, and can be realized only by adding a non-power generation state PT disconnection logic judgment function to the current protection device according to the PT disconnection detection method.
For the generator without injection type stator ground protection, the device can be used for researching and developing a generator terminal PT loop disconnection detection device, the device is provided with a 20Hz low-frequency square wave power supply, and the device collects 20Hz low-frequency voltage at the generator terminal to carry out PT loop integrity detection.
According to the PT disconnection detection method at the generator terminal, complete detection of the corresponding PT circuit can be realized only by adding detection logic of the generator terminal frequency or the generator terminal voltage under a shutdown state according to the PT disconnection detection method for users of PT circuits such as excitation, speed regulation, monitoring and the like.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The method for detecting the disconnection of the PT loop at the generator end without being influenced by the running condition of the generator is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (1), an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply is coupled to the primary side of a generator through a neutral point grounding transformer or a grounding arc suppression coil of the generator and then converted to the secondary side through a terminal PT;
step (2), detecting 20Hz three-phase voltage, phase frequency, phase-to-phase voltage and phase-to-phase frequency of a PT secondary side at the generator terminal in real time;
and (3) judging the integrity of the PT loop of the generator:
when a PT three-phase loop at the generator terminal is intact, a PT phase voltage loop at the generator terminal can measure 20Hz low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency with equal three-phase amplitude and phase, and the voltage and the frequency between PT phases at the generator terminal are both 0;
when a primary circuit of a PT at the generator end has a disconnection fault, the low-frequency voltage and 20Hz frequency of 20Hz cannot be measured by a disconnection fault phase, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of the PT at the generator end are unbalanced, the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency related to the disconnection fault phase are not 0, and the phase-to-phase voltage and frequency of a non-disconnection phase are 0, so that the disconnection of the primary circuit fault phase is judged;
when the line break fault occurs in the PT secondary circuit at the generator end, the low-frequency voltage and the 20Hz frequency of the 20Hz phase can not be measured in the line break fault phase, and the voltage and the frequency between the phases of the PT at the generator end are both 0, so that the line break of the secondary circuit fault phase is judged.
2. The method for detecting the disconnection of the PT loop at the generator terminal, which is not influenced by the operating condition of the generator, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the injection type low-frequency square wave power supply with 20Hz is a 5V power supply.
3. The method for detecting the disconnection of the PT circuit at the generator terminal which is not influenced by the operating condition of the generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein an external 20Hz injection type low-frequency square wave power supply of 5V is assumed, the power supply is coupled to the primary side of the generator through a generator neutral point grounding transformer of 18kV/1.09kV, and then the power supply is converted to the secondary side through a PT circuit at the generator terminal of 18kV/100V, and three-phase voltage, phase frequency, phase-to-phase voltage and phase-to-phase frequency of the PT secondary side at the generator terminal are detected in real time; judging a fault phase according to the criteria shown in the table 1 and the table 2;
TABLE 1 Generator terminal PT disconnection fault voltage criterion
TABLE 2 Generator terminal PT disconnection fault frequency criterion
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| 张怿宁 等: "基于相间电压幅值比较原理的ＰＴ断线检测", 《继电器》, vol. 33, no. 11, 16 June 2005 (2005-06-16), pages 22 - 26 * |
| 朱法强;邹言云;: "关于PT断线误动的事故分析", 江西电力职业技术学院学报, no. 02, 28 June 2010 (2010-06-28), pages 18 - 19 * |
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