CN113447636A - Sand rain device - Google Patents

Sand rain device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113447636A
CN113447636A CN202110668824.6A CN202110668824A CN113447636A CN 113447636 A CN113447636 A CN 113447636A CN 202110668824 A CN202110668824 A CN 202110668824A CN 113447636 A CN113447636 A CN 113447636A
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Prior art keywords
sand
shaped
sanding machine
spreader
rain
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CN202110668824.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈阳
苏岩
赵力
谈刘鑫
程诚
韩健勇
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Shaanxi Province Hanjiang To Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project Construction Co ltd
Xian University of Technology
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Shaanxi Province Hanjiang To Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project Construction Co ltd
Xian University of Technology
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Priority to CN202110668824.6A priority Critical patent/CN113447636A/en
Publication of CN113447636A publication Critical patent/CN113447636A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a sand rain device, which comprises a bracket and a V-shaped sand scattering machine; the support comprises at least four upright posts and at least two cross rods; one end of the cross rod is connected to one vertical rod, and the other end of the cross rod is connected to the other vertical rod; all the cross rods are arranged in parallel, and the height of the cross rods is adjustable; the V-shaped sand spreader is arranged in a long strip shape, two ends of the V-shaped sand spreader are connected to the two cross rods respectively, and a bottom plate used for controlling whether sand falls is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped sand spreader. The invention solves the problems of poor test accuracy and poor foundation uniformity caused by manual operation control of the shakeout speed, height, path and the like by testers in the shakeout process of the existing model test.

Description

Sand rain device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical test equipment, and particularly relates to a sand rain device.
Background
Compared with field tests, the indoor model test platform has the advantages of low cost, strong operability, controllable boundary conditions, repeatable verification results and the like, and is often used as an important reference for verifying the accuracy of a geotechnical engineering problem analysis method and a numerical simulation method. The specific geotechnical engineering project model test which can be carried out comprises the following steps: the preparation of the foundation soil in the development process of the model tests is a crucial link in the tests, and the preparation quality of the foundation soil directly determines the accuracy of the obtained deformation or stress. At present, the foundation soil preparation methods commonly used in model tests mainly include a vibration method, a compaction method, an insertion and tamping method, a sand rain method and the like, wherein the sand rain method can better simulate natural soil layers formed by wind formation, water flow deposition and the like, and therefore, the method is one of the most commonly used methods for preparing the foundation soil for large-size model tests.
The sand rain method test device for carrying out the model test foundation soil mainly has the following problems: (1) when only relying on artifical sanding to carry out foundation soil preparation, current sand rain method test device can't accurately carry out the accurate adjustment of shakeout height according to foundation soil relative compactness, consequently can't accurately simulate out the soil body compactness of natural ground when making the experiment, and waste time and energy. (2) Most of the existing test devices are point-type shakeout methods, shakeout enters a mold box to form a sand cone at first and then is paved into layers, the uniformity of foundation soil is obviously influenced by the sanding speed and the path, and the uniformity of the foundation soil on the same horizontal line cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sand rain device, which solves the problems of poor test accuracy and poor foundation uniformity caused by manual operation control of shakeout speed, height, path and the like by testers in the shakeout process of the existing model test.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sand rain device comprises a bracket and a V-shaped sand spreader;
the support comprises at least four upright posts and at least two cross rods; one end of the cross rod is connected to one vertical rod, and the other end of the cross rod is connected to the other vertical rod; all the cross rods are arranged in parallel, and the height of the cross rods is adjustable;
the V-shaped sand spreader is arranged in a long strip shape, two ends of the V-shaped sand spreader are connected to the two cross rods respectively, and a bottom plate used for controlling whether sand falls is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped sand spreader.
Preferably, the V-shaped sanding machine is of a telescopic structure.
Furthermore, the V-shaped sanding machine comprises a first V-shaped sanding machine and a second V-shaped sanding machine, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the side plate of the first V-shaped sanding machine along the length direction, and a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the side plate of the second V-shaped sanding machine along the length direction; the second V-shaped sanding machine can be inserted into the first V-shaped sanding machine along the length direction, or the first V-shaped sanding machine can be inserted into the second V-shaped sanding machine along the length direction, and the second V-shaped sanding machine and the first V-shaped sanding machine are connected together through the threaded holes through the bolts.
Preferably, a color sand groove is arranged on one side wall of the V-shaped sand scattering machine.
Preferably, the bottom of the V-shaped sand scattering machine is provided with a screen, and the screen is positioned above the bottom plate.
Preferably, the upright is provided with height scale marks.
Preferably, the bottom of the support is provided with a pulley, the support is provided with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the pulley to move along the direction vertical to the length direction of the V-shaped sand scattering machine.
Preferably, a stirring rod arranged along the length direction of the V-shaped sanding machine is arranged in the V-shaped sanding machine.
Preferably, the vertical rod is longitudinally provided with a plurality of screw holes, and the cross rod passes through the screw holes through bolts to be connected to the vertical rod.
Preferably, the cross rod is provided with a fixed pulley, and the V-shaped sand scattering machine is hung on the fixed pulley through a steel strand rope.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
on one hand, the device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the height of the cross rod is adjustable, so that the height adjustment of the V-shaped sand spreader can be realized, the shakeout distance from the V-shaped sand spreader to the model box in a test can be controlled, the influence of manually adjusting the shakeout height on the required compactness of foundation soil in the previous test is solved, and the accuracy of test data is ensured. On the other hand, the V-shaped sand scattering machine is arranged in a long strip shape, two-dimensional linear sand scattering is realized in the sand scattering process, and the problem that the homogeneity of foundation soil on the same horizontal line cannot be ensured due to the fact that the traditional sand scattering device is influenced by the sand scattering speed, the path and the like is solved.
Furthermore, the shakeout device is fixed size for only can be applicable to the fixed mold box of size, it is lower to different model test scale adaptability, and the utilization ratio of same sand rain device is lower. The V-shaped sand spreader is telescopic in length, and can be stretched to a proper width according to the width of a model box required in a test, so that the problem that a proper sand rain shakeout device needs to be set according to the size of the model box in the conventional test is solved. The V-shaped sand spreader is simple to operate, low in construction cost, wide in application range, capable of effectively saving manpower, and capable of improving the preparation efficiency of natural foundation soil during shakeout in geotechnical engineering model test research, even in shakeout and high in accuracy of shakeout.
Furthermore, the existing test device lacks a shakeout groove for marking colored sand when the foundation soil is prepared, and the foundation sand soil and the marked colored sand can not be flexibly switched. The invention is provided with the colored sand groove, can realize convenient and flexible arrangement of colored sand, thereby realizing a model test of capturing a soil body destruction mode, and directly observes the displacement rule of the soil body by marking the form change of the colored sand.
Furthermore, a screen is arranged at the bottom end of the V-shaped sand scattering machine, and the screen can control the diameter of sand particles required in the test.
Furthermore, the pulley installed at the bottom end of the support can slide along with the length of the model box at the moving speed set by the controller, so that the problem of uneven shakeout caused by uneven manual operation speed in the existing test is solved.
Furthermore, the sand storage tank of the existing shakeout device only has a sand storage function, and when the foundation soil with multiple particle sizes is prepared, coarse particles and fine particles fall first, so that the uniformity of the distribution of the particles of the foundation soil cannot be ensured, and the homogeneity of the foundation soil cannot be ensured. According to the invention, the automatic stirring rod is arranged in the V-shaped sand scattering machine, so that the problem of non-uniformity of the sand falling particle size in the test sand scattering process is solved, most impurities can be screened out, and the quality of a sandy soil foundation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a sand rain device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stand assembly of a sand rain apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the whole part of a V-shaped sand spreader of a sand rain device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a length-stretchable part of a V-shaped sand spreader of a sand rain device according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stirring rod in a V-shaped sanding device of a sand rain device according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a support, 2, a first V-shaped sanding machine, 3, a second V-shaped sanding machine, 4, a screw hole, 5, height scale marks, 7, a bottom plate, 8, a screen, 9, a bolt, 10, a lock catch, 11, a pulley, 12, a stirring rod, 13, a colored sand groove, 14, a controller, 15, a hook, 16, a steel hinge rope, 17, a fixed pulley and 18, a pull ring are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
The sand rain device comprises a bracket 1 and a V-shaped sand spreader as shown in figure 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the support 1 comprises a vertical rod and a cross rod, two ends of the cross rod are respectively connected to the vertical rod, and the height of the cross rod is adjustable. The upright stanchion is provided with height scale marks 5.
As shown in FIG. 3, the V-shaped sanding machine is arranged in a long strip shape, and two ends of the V-shaped sanding machine are respectively connected to the two cross rods. The bottom of the V-shaped sand spreader is provided with an opening. The V-shaped sand spreader is used for filling sand required by a sample, and a bottom plate 7 capable of controlling whether to shake off is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped sand spreader.
In one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of screw holes 4 are longitudinally arranged on the vertical rod, the cross rod penetrates through the screw holes 4 through bolts and is connected to the vertical rod, the height adjustment of the cross rod can be realized by selecting different positions of the screw holes 4 for mounting the cross rod, the height adjustment of the V-shaped sand spreader is further realized, and the sand falling distance h from the V-shaped sand spreader to the model box in a test is controlled.
In one embodiment of the invention, the vertical rods are provided with slide rails, and the elevators are arranged, so that the lifting and the height of the cross rods are controlled by the elevators. The distance h from the shakeout to the model box can be accurately adjusted by the lifter, and the problem that the shakeout distance of the sand spreader is inaccurate due to manual adjustment in the existing test is solved.
In one embodiment of the invention, a fixed pulley 17 is arranged on the cross bar, the V-shaped sanding machine is hung on the fixed pulley 17 through a steel strand rope 16, and four corner points of the V-shaped sanding machine are connected with the steel strand rope 16 through pull rings 18 and hooks 15. The height of the V-shaped sand spreader can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the steel strand rope 16, and the sand falling distance h from the V-shaped sand spreader to the model box in the test is controlled.
In one embodiment of the invention, the V-shaped sander is of a collapsible construction. As shown in fig. 4, specifically, the V-shaped sanding machine includes a first V-shaped sanding machine 2 and a second V-shaped sanding machine 3, a plurality of threaded holes are provided along the length direction on a side plate of the first V-shaped sanding machine 2, a plurality of threaded holes are provided along the length direction on a side plate of the second V-shaped sanding machine 3, and the second V-shaped sanding machine 3 can be inserted into the first V-shaped sanding machine 2 along the length direction, or the first V-shaped sanding machine 2 can be inserted into the second V-shaped sanding machine 3 along the length direction, and the second V-shaped sanding machine 3 and the first V-shaped sanding machine 2 are connected together through a bolt 9 penetrating through the threaded holes, so as to change the width of the V-shaped sanding machine. The bolt 9 can be controlled to enable the V-shaped sanding machine to stretch to a proper width according to the width of a model box in a test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pulley 11 is arranged at the bottom of the bracket 1, the controller 14 is arranged on the bracket 1, and the controller 14 is used for controlling the movement of the pulley 11 so that the whole V-shaped sanding machine can slide along the length of the model box.
In one embodiment of the invention, a detachable colored sand groove 13 is formed in one side wall of the V-shaped sand spreader, so that colored sand can be conveniently and flexibly arranged, and a model capturing test of a soil body destruction mode is realized.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the V-shaped sanding machine is provided with a screen 8, and the screen 8 can control the diameter of sand particles required in the test.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bottom plate is a switch which can rotate in one dimension and control shakeout. Specifically, bottom plate 7 one side fixed connection is in V type sanding machine bottom, and the opposite side is connected with V type sanding machine through hasp 10. When shakeout is required, the shackle 10 is opened, and when shakeout is not required, the shackle 10 is locked.
In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 5, a stirring rod 12 arranged along the length direction of the V-shaped sand spreader is arranged in the V-shaped sand spreader, and the stirring rod fully and uniformly stirs the test sand grains filled in the V-shaped sand spreader, so that the shakeout is more stable and uniform, and the test result is closer to the actual result; the problem of the inhomogeneous of knockout in experimental sanding process is solved, make the even shop of knockout in the mold box, improved the preparation quality of ground. The stirring rod 12 is controlled by a motor to automatically stir.
The sand rain device comprises the following specific operation steps: firstly, controlling a bolt 9 according to the width of a model box required in a test, enabling a V-shaped sand spreader to stretch to a proper width, adjusting a stirring rod 12 to a proper length, and controlling the distance h from the shakeout of the V-shaped sand spreader to the model box according to the requirements of the test, screw holes and scales arranged on a bracket 1 and the length of a steel strand 16 on a fixed pulley 17; then, sand particles used for the test are filled in the adjusted V-shaped sand scattering machine, if color sand needs to be captured and marked in the test, a color sand groove 13 is installed and fixed on the side wall of the V-shaped sand scattering machine, a stirring rod 12 works, finally, a lock catch 10 is opened, whether a bottom plate 7 for sand shakeout is opened or not is controlled to be opened, a controller 14 for controlling the movement speed of a pulley is opened, the sand is uniformly scattered in a model box under the uniform rotation of the stirring rod 12 through the screening effect of a screen 8, and the preparation of natural foundation soil during the sand shakeout in the geotechnical engineering model test research is completed.
Compared with the traditional sand-rain shakeout device, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the sand rain device can adjust the width and height of shakeout, the shakeout device can be flexibly adjusted according to the size of a mold box, the preparation of natural foundation soil with different compactness is realized, and the sand rain device is a shakeout device with adjustable size;
(2) the two-dimensional linear shakeout is realized in the shakeout process, the influence of the sanding speed, the path and the like of the traditional shakeout device is overcome, the movement of the V-shaped sanding machine in the test is realized by the pulley, and the sliding speed of the pulley is operated according to the speed set by the motor;
(3) in the test, a rotary switch for controlling the stirring rod is turned on, so that the stirred sandy soil can be uniformly shaked into a model box, and the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the foundation soil is ensured;
(4) for the model test for capturing the rock-soil failure mode, the invention is provided with the shakeout groove capable of shakeout marking the colored sand, and the flexible switching between the foundation sandy soil and the marked colored sand can be realized at the position where the colored sand needs to be arranged.
The invention relates to a size self-adaptive sand rain device for a model box with a stirrer, which solves the problem that the width and the height of the traditional shakeout device can not be self-adaptively adjusted according to the size of the model box, ensures the uniformity of sandy soil with different particle sizes in the shakeout process, adopts a sand rain method device to sand through a slide rail, accurately simulates the dense situation of a natural soil body, is additionally provided with a color sand groove for containing marked color sand, is suitable for the arrangement of the marked color sand during capturing of a rock-soil body damage mode, and is convenient for observing rock-soil damage phenomena such as tunnel face damage types, sedimentation groove influence ranges, foundation damage and the like. When the device is used for sample preparation, the operation is convenient, the repeatability and the uniformity are good, and the problems of poor test repeatability and foundation uniformity and the like caused by manual operation control of shakeout speed, height, path and the like by testers in the shakeout process of the existing model test are solved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art can change or modify the technical content disclosed above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sand rain device is characterized by comprising a bracket (1) and a V-shaped sand spreader;
the support (1) comprises at least four upright posts and at least two cross rods; one end of the cross rod is connected to one vertical rod, and the other end of the cross rod is connected to the other vertical rod; all the cross rods are arranged in parallel, and the height of the cross rods is adjustable;
the V-shaped sand spreader is arranged in a long strip shape, two ends of the V-shaped sand spreader are respectively connected to the two cross rods, and a bottom plate (7) used for controlling whether sand falls is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped sand spreader.
2. A litter unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the V-shaped litter box is of a length-extensible construction.
3. The sand rain device according to claim 2, characterized in that the V-shaped sand blasters comprise a first V-shaped sand blaster (2) and a second V-shaped sand blaster (3), a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the side plate of the first V-shaped sand blaster (2) along the length direction, and a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the side plate of the second V-shaped sand blaster (3) along the length direction; the second V-shaped sanding machine (3) can be inserted into the first V-shaped sanding machine (2) along the length direction, or the first V-shaped sanding machine (2) can be inserted into the second V-shaped sanding machine (3) along the length direction, and the second V-shaped sanding machine (3) and the first V-shaped sanding machine (2) are connected together through a threaded hole formed by a bolt (9).
4. A sand rain arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a side wall of the V-shaped sanding machine is provided with a colour sand channel (13).
5. A litter device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the V-shaped litter box is provided with a screen (8), the screen (8) being located above the bottom plate (7).
6. A sand rain device according to claim 1, characterised in that the uprights are provided with height graduations (5).
7. A sand and rain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the bracket (1) is provided with a pulley (11), the bracket (1) is provided with a controller (14), and the controller (14) is used for controlling the pulley (11) to move along the direction vertical to the length direction of the V-shaped sand spreader.
8. A sanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a stirring rod (12) is arranged in the V-shaped sanding machine in the direction of the length of the V-shaped sanding machine.
9. A sand and rain apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the uprights are provided with a plurality of threaded holes (4) in the longitudinal direction, the cross-bar being connected to the uprights by means of bolts passing through the threaded holes (4).
10. A sand and rain apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the cross-bar is provided with a fixed pulley (17), and the V-shaped sand spreader is suspended on the fixed pulley (17) by a steel strand (16).
CN202110668824.6A 2021-06-16 2021-06-16 Sand rain device Pending CN113447636A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210928