CN113447297B - Soil sediment DGT sampling device and method - Google Patents
Soil sediment DGT sampling device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113447297B CN113447297B CN202110768133.3A CN202110768133A CN113447297B CN 113447297 B CN113447297 B CN 113447297B CN 202110768133 A CN202110768133 A CN 202110768133A CN 113447297 B CN113447297 B CN 113447297B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
Abstract
The invention relates to a soil sediment DGT sampling device and a method, belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and solves the problem that the existing DGT sampler cannot realize field sampling. The soil sediment DGT sampling device comprises a DGT sampler and a water dropping mechanism, wherein the water dropping mechanism comprises a water dropping pipeline and a container, the container is connected with the water dropping pipeline, and purified water in the container continuously drops water to the soil surface layer of a sampling point through the water dropping pipeline to keep the soil surface layer in a wet state; the DGT sampler is placed on the surface layer of the wetted soil and is used for adsorbing and sampling from the soil in a wetted state. The device has the advantages of simple structure and wide application prospect, is convenient to operate, and can keep the soil at the sampling point in a wet state by continuously dripping water through the water dripping mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and particularly relates to a soil sediment DGT sampling device and a method.
Background
DGT refers to a gradient diffusion film technology (DGT) which can effectively determine the biological effective state of heavy metals in nature, compared with other traditional morphological analysis technologies, the method can better reflect the heavy metals absorbed by organisms, the gradient diffusion film technology introduces a dynamic concept, the biological effectiveness of heavy metals can be researched by simulating the absorption process of the heavy metals by plants or other organisms, the technology can simulate the soil dynamic reaction process more truly and effectively, and can estimate the dynamic parameters of the soil dynamic process by using the model, the importance of soil dynamic processes can thus be better assessed, and the results obtained therefore not only reflect static processes (soil particles and soil solutions), but also include dynamic processes, which is the key point of the DGT technique to differ from other measurement methods.
The traditional DGT is mainly applied to water bodies (rivers, lakes or oceans), and sampling work in soil also needs to be carried out by water media. Soil needs more than 80% of water saturation to meet the requirement, so the field sampling application range is narrow, the conventional method is to immerse a soil collection laboratory in purified water, and bury a DGT sampler in the soil after the soil collection laboratory is saturated with water, so that the result is different from the result obtained in the natural environment inevitably, and the real situation is difficult to reflect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a soil sediment DGT sampling device and a sampling method, so as to solve the problem that the existing DGT sampler cannot realize field sampling.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a soil sediment DGT sampling apparatus comprising:
the water dropping mechanism comprises a water dropping pipeline and a container, the container is connected with the water dropping pipeline, and purified water in the container continuously drops water to the surface layer of the soil to be sampled through the water dropping pipeline so as to keep the surface layer of the soil in a wet state;
and the DGT sampler is arranged on the surface layer of the wetted soil and is used for adsorbing and sampling from the wetted soil.
Furthermore, the water dripping pipeline comprises a water feeding box and a water draining pipe, a water outlet of the container is connected with a water inlet of the water feeding box, a water outlet of the water feeding box is connected with the water draining pipe, and a water dripping opening is formed in the pipe wall of the water draining pipe.
Furthermore, the water dripping mechanism also comprises a reverse buckle box, and the bottom of the reverse buckle box is provided with an opening; the container is fixed above the reverse-buckling box, and the drain pipe is fixed in the reverse-buckling box.
Furthermore, the arrangement mode of the drain pipe is one or a combination of more of spider web, square-shaped, field-shaped or flat spiral line structure.
Furthermore, the drain pipe comprises at least one first branch pipeline and at least one second branch pipeline, and the first branch pipeline and the second branch pipeline are arranged perpendicularly.
Furthermore, the drain pipe adopts a structure like the Chinese character 'tian', and a DGT sampler is arranged in each of four rectangular openings of the drain pipe.
Furthermore, the dripping pipeline also comprises a flow speed control mechanism, and the flow speed control mechanism is used for controlling the dripping speed and the dripping flow of the drain pipe.
Furthermore, a water outlet at the bottom of the container is detachably connected with a water inlet at the top of the water supply box through a flow speed control mechanism.
Further, the flow rate control mechanism comprises an adjusting box, a lever water control assembly is arranged in the adjusting box and comprises a vertical rod, a swing rod, a floating ball, an L-shaped pipe and a rubber plug, the floating ball is connected to the first end of the swing rod, the rubber plug is connected to the second end of the swing rod, and the rubber plug is arranged vertically downwards; the swing rod is connected with the top end of the vertical rod through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is close to the second end of the swing rod; the L-shaped pipe is provided with a water outlet A and a water inlet B, the water outlet A is vertically arranged upwards and used for installing a rubber plug, and the rubber plug can close the water outlet A and be pulled out of the water outlet A under the lever action.
Furthermore, a water inlet B of the L-shaped pipe is connected with a water outlet of the container through a hose, and a water outlet at the bottom of the adjusting box is connected with a water inlet of the water feeding box.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the adjusting box is fixedly provided with a screw, a lifting sleeve with adjustable height is arranged on the screw, the lifting sleeve is sleeved on the screw, the vertical rod is coaxially arranged at the top end of the lifting sleeve, the outer wall of the lifting sleeve is provided with a horizontal supporting rod, and the horizontal supporting rod is connected with an L-shaped pipe.
Furthermore, a water outlet at the bottom of the regulating box is provided with a flow regulating valve,
further, soil deposit DGT sampling device still includes the support frame, and the support frame is used for supporting fixed container and regulating box.
Furthermore, the soil sediment DGT sampling device also comprises a water retention slot which is ready to be inserted into the soil below the DGT sampler and contains water dripped from the water dripping opening.
Furthermore, the water-retaining slot comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, and the bottom plate and the side plate form a slot space for accommodating dripping water.
According to another aspect of the invention, the soil sediment DGT sampling method is further provided, and the soil sediment DGT sampling device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing a DGT sampler on the soil surface layer of a field sampling point, wherein the adsorption end of the DGT sampler is in contact with soil;
step two: fixing a dripping mechanism above the DGT sampler;
step three: opening a water dripping switch of the water dripping mechanism, and continuously dripping the purified water in the container to the soil surface layer of the sampling point through a water dripping pipeline to keep the soil surface layer of the sampling point in a wet state; the DGT sampler is used for carrying out adsorption sampling in soil in a wet state.
Further, before the third step, the method further comprises the following steps:
digging a pit groove at one side of the sampling point, inserting a water retention slot into the side wall of the pit groove towards the direction of the sampling point, and inserting the water retention slot into soil below the DGT sampler in an inclined upward direction;
in the adsorption sampling process of the DGT sampler, the water dripping of the water dripping port continuously drips on the soil surface layer, the dripping water downwards permeates into the water retaining slot, and the water retaining slot is always kept in the slot space, so that the soil surface layer of the sampling point is always kept in a wet adsorption sampling state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) according to the soil sediment DGT sampling device provided by the invention, the water dripping mechanism is arranged to continuously drip water to the soil surface layer of the sampling point, so that the soil surface layer of the sampling point is kept in a wet state, and the DGT sampler is used for adsorbing and sampling from the soil in the wet state, so that field sampling is realized, and the application prospect is wide.
b) According to the soil sediment DGT sampling device provided by the invention, the bottom water outlet of the container is detachably connected with the top water inlet of the water feeding box through the flow speed control mechanism, and the soil at a sampling point can be kept at stable humidity by accurately controlling the dripping speed and flow, so that the sampling effect is ensured; through setting up the container and sending the water box to dismantle connection structure, be convenient for change the container to guarantee the continuity of dripping, it is small moreover after the dismouting, it is more convenient to carry, the development of the field work of being convenient for.
c) The DGT sampling device for the soil sediment, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the water dropping mechanism further comprises the inverted buckle box, the inverted buckle box is used for supporting the container and fixing the drain pipe, the inverted buckle structure can reduce water evaporation, reduce the consumption of purified water and ensure that soil at a sampling point is always kept in a wet state.
d) According to the soil sediment DGT sampling device provided by the invention, the arrangement mode of the drain pipes is one or more of spider web, zigzag, field-shaped or flat spiral line structures, and the drain pipes are arranged according to the arrangement mode, so that the water dripping range is larger than the distribution range of the DGT sampler, the water dripping is more uniform, the local insufficient water dripping of sampling points is avoided, the soil humidity is insufficient, the sampling failure is caused, and the working reliability of the device is ensured.
e) According to the soil sediment DGT sampling device provided by the invention, the water retention slot is arranged to slow down the direct penetration of the dropping water into the ground, and the soil in the water retention slot and the sampling soil above the slot are always kept in a moist state due to the dropping water which can be accommodated by the water retention slot, so that the use amount of purified water is greatly reduced, and the material consumption cost and the field workload are reduced.
f) The DGT sampling method for the soil sediment, provided by the invention, is convenient to operate, the inverted buckle box provided with the water dropping mechanism is arranged on the soil surface layer of the sampling point, and purified water in the flow speed control mechanism control container permeates out from the water dropping opening at the bottom of the water drainage pipe, so that the soil sampling can be rapidly completed, the problem that the existing DGT sampler cannot realize field sampling is solved, and the DGT sampling method has a wide application prospect.
g) According to the soil sediment DGT sampling method provided by the invention, the water retention slot is inserted in advance below the soil at the sampling point, so that the loss of a water body can be effectively avoided, the wettability of the soil in the area is ensured, the DGT sampler adsorbs and samples from the soil in a wet state, the operation is convenient, the use amount of purified water is greatly reduced, and the material consumption cost and the field workload are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a DGT sampling device for soil sediment according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a soil sediment DGT sampling device of the present invention secured to the soil surface at a sampling point;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the positions of the flip-flop cartridge, DGT sampler and container of the sampling device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the DGT sampler and the position of the drip port of the sampling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the sampling device of the present invention with water retention slots mounted on the side walls of the pit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a working section of the sampling device of the present invention fixed to the soil surface at a sampling point;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a flow control mechanism of the sampling device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a support frame of the sampling device of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the flow rate control mechanism and the container of the sampling device of the present invention mounted on the support frame.
Reference numerals:
1. a DGT sampler; 2. a container; 3. a back-off box; 4. a water feeding box; 5. a drain pipe; 6. a water dripping port; 7. a flow rate control mechanism; 8. a water retention slot; 9-the surface layer of the soil; 10-pit side wall; 11-a regulating box; 12-a vertical rod; 13-oscillating bar; 14-a floating ball; 15-L-shaped pipe; 16-rubber stopper; 17-a hose; 18-a lifting sleeve; 19-a screw; 20-support frame.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In one embodiment of the present invention, a soil sediment DGT sampling device is disclosed, which is used for collecting soil or sediment samples in the field, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, and comprises:
the water dropping mechanism comprises a water dropping pipeline and a container 2, the container 2 is used for storing purified water, the container 2 is connected with the water dropping pipeline, and the purified water in the container 2 continuously drops water to the soil surface layer of the sampling point through the water dropping pipeline, so that the soil surface layer 9 of the sampling point is kept in a wet state;
the DGT sampler 1 is arranged on the soil surface layer 9 in the wet state, and is used for adsorbing and sampling from the soil in the wet state.
When the method is implemented, the DGT sampler 1 is placed on the soil surface layer of a field sampling point, the adsorption end of the DGT sampler 1 is in contact with the soil, water is filled into the container 2, a water dripping switch of the water dripping mechanism is turned on, and purified water in the container 2 continuously drips the soil surface layer 9 of the sampling point through a water dripping pipeline, so that the soil surface layer 9 of the sampling point is kept in a wet state; the DGT sampler 1 performs adsorption sampling in soil in a wet state.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the water dropping pipeline includes a water feeding box 4 and a water discharging pipe 5, the water outlet of the container 2 is connected to the water inlet of the water feeding box 4, the water outlet of the water feeding box 4 is connected to the water discharging pipe 5, and the wall of the water discharging pipe 5 is provided with a water dropping opening 6.
In this embodiment, the dripping pipe is provided with a dripping switch for controlling the dripping speed and the dripping on/off time, and the dripping switch is disposed between the water outlet of the container 2 and the water inlet of the water feeding box 4.
In order to accurately control the water dripping speed and the water dripping time, the water dripping pipeline further comprises a flow speed control mechanism 7, the flow speed control mechanism 7 is used for controlling the water dripping speed and the water dripping flow of the water draining pipe 5, and a bottom water outlet of the container 2 passes through the flow speed control mechanism 7 and a top water inlet of the water feeding box 4. Through accurate control speed and the flow of dripping, can make sampling point department soil keep stable humidity to guarantee the sampling effect.
Because the DGT sampler has long sampling time, in order to ensure that the dripping mechanism can continuously drip water to the soil surface layer of the sampling point, the bottom water outlet of the container 2 is detachably connected with the top water inlet of the water feeding box 4 through the flow speed control mechanism 7. Through setting up container 2 and send water box 4 to dismantling connection structure, preferably adopt threaded connection or peg graft, be convenient for change container 2 to guarantee the continuity of dripping, it is small after the dismouting moreover, it is more convenient to carry, development of the field work of being convenient for.
Considering that the field sampling time is long, the container 2 needs to be replaced by a person on duty, and burden is brought to field work. Based on the above problem, a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, soil deposit DGT sampling device sets up the pure water bucket, and the pure water bucket is bulky, can satisfy the long-time water consumption of sampling, utilizes the peristaltic pump to supply the pure water in the pure water bucket directly to water feeding box 4, through control peristaltic pump flow rate, controls the speed of intaking and so that realizes the sampling process unmanned on duty.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the drip mechanism further includes a reverse-buckling box 3, and the bottom of the reverse-buckling box 3 is provided with an opening; container 2 is fixed in 3 tops of back-off box, and in drain pipe 5 was fixed to be located back-off box 3, back-off box 3 was used for supporting container and fixed drain pipe on the one hand, and on the other hand, back-off box 3 adopts the back-off structure can reduce the evaporation of water, reduces the quantity of pure water, can also guarantee that sampling point soil remains moist state throughout.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the arrangement of the drainage pipe 5 is one or more of spider web, zigzag, field-shaped or flat spiral structure, and the drainage pipe 5 is arranged according to the above arrangement, so that the water dropping range is larger than the distribution range of the DGT sampler, which not only makes the water dropping more uniform, but also avoids the local water dropping shortage of the sampling point, and the soil humidity does not lead to the sampling failure enough, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the device.
Exemplarily, drain pipe 5 includes trunk line, at least one first lateral conduit and at least one second lateral conduit that are connected with container 2, and first lateral conduit passes through trunk line and container 2 intercommunication with the second lateral conduit, and first lateral conduit and second lateral conduit can be straight pipeline, also can be crooked pipeline, and first lateral conduit sets up with the second lateral conduit is perpendicular, first lateral conduit and second lateral conduit intercommunication.
As shown in fig. 3, drain pipe 5 adopts "field" font structure, and all placed a DGT sample thief 1 in drain pipe 5's four rectangle mouths, and this structure drain pipe arranges simply, and the range of dripping of field font drain pipe is greater than the distribution range of DGT sample thief for it is more even to drip, avoids sampling point local not enough that drips moreover, and soil moisture is not enough to lead to the sampling failure, thereby guarantees the operational reliability of device.
Considering that the difference of the water permeability of the field soil is large, the soil water permeability of the drought water-deficient area is good, and the water dripping amount and the water dripping speed are required to be large in the sampling process. However, carrying a large amount of purified water in the field is very inconvenient, and the field workload and invariance are increased. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of purified water used in the field sampling process, the soil sediment DGT sampling device of this embodiment further includes a water holding slot 8, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the water holding slot 8 has a water storage space, and the water holding slot 8 can be inserted into the soil below the DGT sampler 1 to hold the water dropped from the water dropping port 6. Through setting up guarantor's water slot 8 can slow down the direct infiltration of dripping underground to hold partly dripping, because the existence of dripping that holds in the guarantor's water slot, make the sampling soil of guarantor's water slot top remain moist state throughout, the use amount of the pure water that can greatly reduced reduces the consumptive material cost and reduces field work volume.
In this embodiment, the water holding slot 8 has a water storage space, and the water holding slot 8 includes a bottom plate and a side plate, and the bottom plate and the side plate form a slot space for accommodating dripping water. The bottom plate can be of a flat plate structure and can also be of a concave plate, and the side plates and the flat plate are integrally formed or connected in a welding mode.
Illustratively, the water retention slot 8 comprises a bottom plate and three side plates, the bottom plate and the side plates are of flat plate structures, the three side plates are perpendicular to the bottom plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are parallel to each other, the third side plate is perpendicular to the first side plate and the second side plate, and the water retention slot is in a right-angle dustpan shape.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the insertion end of the water retention slot 8 is a wedge-shaped structure, which facilitates insertion and improves operability.
Compared with the prior art, the soil sediment DGT sampling device provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1. through setting up the mechanism that drips, continuously drip to sampling point soil top layer, make sampling point soil top layer keep moist state, the DGT sample thief adsorbs the sampling from the soil of moist state, has realized field sampling, and application prospect is extensive.
2. The bottom water outlet of the container is detachably connected with the top water inlet of the water feeding box through the flow speed control mechanism, and the soil at a sampling point can keep stable humidity by accurately controlling the dripping speed and the dripping flow, so that the sampling effect is ensured; through setting up the container and sending the water box to dismantle connection structure, be convenient for change the container to guarantee the continuity of dripping, it is small moreover after the dismouting, it is more convenient to carry, the development of the field work of being convenient for.
3. The water dripping mechanism further comprises an inverted buckle box, the inverted buckle box is used for supporting the container and fixing the drain pipe, the inverted buckle structure can reduce water evaporation, the using amount of purified water is reduced, and the soil at the sampling point is guaranteed to be always kept in a wetting state.
4. The mode of arranging of drain pipe is one kind or multiple combination in spider web, the font of returning, field font or the straight spiral line structure, through arranging the setting with the drain pipe according to the aforesaid, and the scope of dripping is greater than the distribution range of DGT sample thief, not only makes to drip more evenly, avoids the local insufficient that drips of sampling point moreover, and soil moisture is not enough to lead to the sampling failure to guarantee the operational reliability of device.
5. Can slow down the direct infiltration of dripping underground through setting up the water retention slot, because the water that the water retention slot can hold drips for soil in the water retention slot and the sampling soil of slot top remain moist state throughout, thereby the use amount of greatly reduced pure water reduces consumptive material cost and field work volume.
Example 2
The invention further discloses a soil sediment DGT sampling device, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the embodiment improves a flow speed control mechanism 7, a water inlet of the flow speed control mechanism 7 is communicated with a water outlet of the container 2, a water outlet of the flow speed control mechanism 7 is connected with a water inlet of the water feeding box 4, and unattended operation can be realized without electricity.
Particularly, as shown in fig. 7, flow rate control mechanism 7 includes regulating box 11, be provided with lever water control assembly in the regulating box 11, lever water control assembly includes montant 12, pendulum rod 13, the floater 14, L type pipe 15, rubber buffer 16, the vertical setting of montant 12 is in regulating box 11, pivot of top installation of montant 12, pendulum rod 13 is connected with montant 12 through the pivot, the first end of pendulum rod 13 is connected with floater 14, the second end of pendulum rod 13 is connected with rubber buffer 16, rubber buffer 16 sets up vertically downwards, the pivot is close to the second end of pendulum rod 13, the pivot is as lever assembly's fulcrum, floater 14 and rubber buffer 16 are as the force action point of fulcrum both sides. L type pipe 15 has water inlet and delivery port, and the delivery port of L type pipe 15 sets up vertically upwards, and the water inlet level of L type pipe 15 sets up, and the delivery port of L type pipe 15 is used for installing the rubber buffer, and rubber buffer 16 can seal the delivery port of L type pipe 15 under leverage to can extract from the delivery port of L type pipe 15, the water inlet of L type pipe 15 passes through hose 17 and is connected with the delivery port of container 2, and the bottom of the case of regulating box 11 is equipped with the delivery port, and the bottom delivery port of regulating box 11 is connected with the water inlet of sending water box 4.
When sampling is carried out in the field, the container 2 is filled with water, the water enters the water outlet through the hose 17, under the condition that the adjusting box 11 is free of water or the water level is too low, the downward moment of the end of the floating ball is larger than the downward moment of the end of the rubber plug, the rubber plug 16 is lifted up, the water in the hose 17 flows out of the water outlet of the L-shaped pipe 15 through the water inlet of the L-shaped pipe 15, enters the adjusting box 11 and enters the water feeding box 4 inside the sampler through the water outlet at the bottom of the adjusting box 11. When the water level of the adjusting box 11 rises, the floating ball 14 is floated, the downward moment of the end of the floating ball is gradually reduced until the downward moment is smaller than the downward moment of the end of the rubber plug, the rubber plug 16 falls down to seal the water outlet of the L-shaped pipe 15, and the container 2 does not supply water to the adjusting box 11 any more. Along with the water stored in the regulating tank 11 flowing out through the water outlet, the water level of the regulating tank 11 descends, the connecting rod floating ball end descends, the downward moment of the connecting rod floating ball end is larger than the downward moment of the rubber plug end, the rubber plug 16 is lifted, and the water flows out of the water outlet of the L-shaped pipe 15 again and enters the regulating tank 11.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the bottom water outlet of the regulating box 11 is provided with a flow regulating valve, and the amount and flow rate of water entering the water feeding box 4 are controlled by the flow regulating valve, so as to control the dropping speed and the dropping amount.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a screw rod 19 is fixedly disposed on a bottom surface of the adjusting box 11, a lifting sleeve 18 with an adjustable height is disposed on the screw rod 19, the lifting sleeve 18 is sleeved on the screw rod 19, the vertical rod 12 is coaxially disposed at a top end of the lifting sleeve 18, a horizontal support rod is disposed on an outer wall of the lifting sleeve 18, and the horizontal support rod is connected to the L-shaped pipe 15. The height of the lifting sleeve 18 is adjusted through rotation, so that the height of the lever supporting point is adjusted, the height of the water level in the adjusting box 11 is further adjusted, meanwhile, the water supply speed is controlled through adjusting the water yield and the water outlet speed of the flow adjusting valve, and the stable water supply speed can be obtained when no person is in a watch.
Further, the axis of the rotating shaft at the top end of the vertical rod 12 is perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal supporting rod, the swing rod 13 swings in a vertical plane, the axis of the horizontal supporting rod and the center line of the water outlet of the L-shaped pipe 15 are both located in the vertical plane where the swing rod 13 swings, and the problem that the rubber plug 16 cannot enter or leave the water outlet of the L-shaped pipe 15 is avoided, so that the working reliability of opening and closing the water outlet of the L-shaped pipe 15 is guaranteed.
In this embodiment, the soil sediment DGT sampling apparatus further includes a support frame 20, as shown in fig. 8 to 9, the support frame 20 is used for fixedly supporting the container 2, and may also support the fixed adjusting box 11, the flow rate control mechanism 7 and the container 2 are both mounted on the support frame 20, and the lower portion of the support frame 20 is provided with a reinforcing rib to improve the stability of the support frame 20; meanwhile, the support base 20 is also provided with a balance weight to balance the weight of the flow rate control mechanism 7 and the container 2, so that the device is prevented from falling due to the deviation of the gravity center.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, L-shaped tube 15 is made of a rigid plastic material; the rubber stopper 16 is made of elastic rubber, and the longitudinal section of the rubber stopper is inverted trapezoidal, so that the water outlet of the L-shaped pipe 15 can be conveniently opened, and the sealing property of the water outlet can be improved.
Compared with the prior art, the flow rate control mechanism of the embodiment does not need electric power, reduces the cost and realizes unattended operation. The water level height is adjusted by controlling the lifting sleeve 18, and the water yield rate of the flow regulating valve are adjusted to control the water supply speed, so that the stable water supply speed can be obtained when nobody keeps time.
Example 3
The invention also discloses a soil sediment DGT sampling method, which utilizes the soil sediment DGT sampling device of the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the DGT sampler 1 on the soil surface layer 9 of a field sampling point, wherein the adsorption end of the DGT sampler 1 is in contact with soil;
step two: fixing a dripping mechanism above the DGT sampler 1;
step three: starting a water dripping switch of the water dripping mechanism, and continuously dripping the purified water in the container 2 to the soil surface layer 9 of the sampling point through a water dripping pipeline to keep the soil surface layer 9 of the sampling point in a wet state; the DGT sampler 1 performs adsorption sampling in soil in a wet state.
In a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, before the third step, the following steps are further included:
digging a pit at one side of the sampling point, inserting a water retention slot 8 into the side wall 10 of the pit towards the direction of the sampling point, and inserting the water retention slot 8 into soil below the DGT sampler 1 in an inclined upward direction;
in the adsorption sampling process of the DGT sampler 1, the water dripping of the water dripping port 6 continuously drips on the soil surface layer 9, the water dripping downwards permeates into the water retaining slot 8, and the water retaining slot 8 is always kept in a water state in a slot space, so that the soil surface layer 9 at the sampling point is always kept in a wet adsorption sampling state.
Compared with the prior art, the DGT sampling method for the soil sediment provided by the embodiment is convenient to operate, the inverted buckle box provided with the water dropping mechanism is arranged on the soil surface layer of the sampling point, purified water in the flow rate control mechanism control container permeates out from the water dropping opening at the bottom of the water drainage pipe, the wetting of the sampling soil can be rapidly completed, the problem that the existing DGT sampler cannot realize field sampling is solved, and the DGT sampling method has a wide application prospect. Through inserting guarantor's water slot in advance in sampling point soil below, can effectually avoid the loss of water, ensure the wetness degree of this region soil, the DGT sample thief adsorbs the sample from the soil of humid state, convenient operation, greatly reduced the use amount of pure water, reduce consumptive material cost and field work volume.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A soil deposit DGT sampling device, comprising:
the water dropping mechanism comprises a water dropping pipeline and a container (2), the container (2) is connected with the water dropping pipeline, and purified water in the container (2) continuously drops water to a soil surface layer (9) to be sampled through the water dropping pipeline, so that the soil surface layer (9) is kept in a wet state;
the DGT sampler (1) is placed on the wetted soil surface layer (9) and is used for adsorbing and sampling from the wetted soil;
the water dripping pipeline comprises a water feeding box (4) and a water draining pipe (5), a water outlet of the container (2) is connected with a water inlet of the water feeding box (4), a water outlet of the water feeding box (4) is connected with the water draining pipe (5), and a water dripping opening (6) is formed in the pipe wall of the water draining pipe (5);
the dripping pipeline also comprises a flow speed control mechanism (7), and the flow speed control mechanism (7) is used for controlling the dripping speed and the dripping flow of the drain pipe (5);
the flow rate control mechanism (7) comprises an adjusting box (11), a lever water control assembly is arranged in the adjusting box (11), the lever water control assembly comprises a vertical rod (12), a swing rod (13), a floating ball (14), an L-shaped pipe (15) and a rubber plug (16), the floating ball (14) is connected to the first end of the swing rod (13), the rubber plug (16) is connected to the second end of the swing rod (13), and the rubber plug (16) is vertically arranged downwards; the swing rod (13) is connected with the top end of the vertical rod (12) through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is close to the second end of the swing rod (13); l type pipe (15) have delivery port A and water inlet B, delivery port A sets up vertically upwards for the installation rubber buffer (16), rubber buffer (16) can be sealed under leverage delivery port A with follow delivery port A extracts.
2. The DGT sampling device for soil sediment according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet B of the L-shaped pipe (15) is connected with the water outlet of the container 2 through a hose (17), and the water outlet at the bottom of the adjusting box (11) is connected with the water inlet of the water feeding box 4.
3. Soil sediment DGT sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom outlet of the regulating box (11) is provided with a flow regulating valve.
4. A soil sediment DGT sampling device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which further comprises a water retaining socket (8) for insertion into the soil below the DGT sampler (1) and for containing water dripping from the drip outlet (6).
5. Soil deposit DGT sampling device according to claim 4, characterised in that the water retention socket (8) comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, which form a socket space for receiving dripping water.
6. A soil sediment DGT sampling method, which is characterized in that the soil sediment DGT sampling device of claim 5 is used, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the DGT sampler (1) on the soil surface layer (9) of a field sampling point, wherein the adsorption end of the DGT sampler (1) is in contact with soil;
step two: fixing a dripping mechanism above the DGT sampler (1);
step three: starting a water dripping switch of the water dripping mechanism, and continuously dripping water from the purified water in the container (2) to the soil surface layer (9) of the sampling point through a water dripping pipeline to keep the soil surface layer (9) of the sampling point in a wet state; the DGT sampler (1) performs adsorption sampling in soil in a wet state.
7. The DGT sampling method for soil sediment according to claim 6, which further comprises the following steps before the third step:
digging a pit groove at one side of the sampling point, inserting a water retention slot (8) into the side wall (10) of the pit groove towards the direction of the sampling point, and inserting the water retention slot (8) into soil below the DGT sampler (1) in an inclined upward direction;
in the DGT sampler (1) adsorption sampling process, the continuous drippage that drips of mouth (6) drips on soil top layer (9), drips infiltration to water retention slot (8), remains the water state throughout in the groove space of water retention slot (8) for sampling point soil top layer (9) remain moist adsorbable sampling state throughout.
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