CN113445804A - Spherical energy dissipation and shock insulation device for wooden structure column base of ancient building - Google Patents
Spherical energy dissipation and shock insulation device for wooden structure column base of ancient building Download PDFInfo
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- CN113445804A CN113445804A CN202110930359.9A CN202110930359A CN113445804A CN 113445804 A CN113445804 A CN 113445804A CN 202110930359 A CN202110930359 A CN 202110930359A CN 113445804 A CN113445804 A CN 113445804A
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a spherical energy consumption isolation device of ancient building timber structure column base, includes the post, the post lower extreme is wrapping up packing material and round platform connecting piece upper portion zonulae occludens, and round platform connecting piece lower part is connected with the ball joint friction ware, and ball joint friction ware lower part is spherical recess shock insulation rubber block, and ball joint recess shock insulation rubber block inside has one and the unanimous cavity of the little hemisphere form size in ball joint friction ware lower part, is spacing recess, ball joint recess shock insulation rubber block sets up on the cushion cap. The invention greatly improves the isolation capability of the earthquake action to the wood structure column, reduces the bending moment in the column under the limited displacement and simultaneously does not lose the vertical bearing capacity of the base; the wood composite material can meet the structural requirements of a wood structure, and is convenient to reinforce and maintain; the device can be hidden in the column base stone, and the ancient building original shape can be still kept after reinforcement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of timber structure seismic resistance and shock absorption, in particular to a spherical energy dissipation and shock isolation device for timber structure column bases of ancient buildings.
Background
In the prior art, seismic isolation of buildings is usually performed by attaching a seismic isolation support to the bottom of a column of a bottom layer of a structure. Because need set up vertical braces usually between the board that slides about the shock insulation support, restricted the production of the relative corner of column base and support in horizontal shock insulation, because the residual displacement that the ancient building shakes the back and produces is great, probably transmits too big moment of flexure for the timber structure post, causes the destruction of structure. At present, most mature seismic isolation technologies have special requirements on the structure or are directly exposed outside the building structure, if the seismic isolation technologies are applied to ancient buildings for seismic isolation without improvement, the seismic isolation technologies can not only be violated with the principle of 'old and old' repair, but also can greatly influence the appearance of the ancient buildings and destroy the original artistic value of the ancient buildings.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a spherical energy-consumption shock isolation device for a timber structure column base of an ancient building, which solves the problems that the self shock isolation effect of the timber structure column base of the ancient building is poor and the damage of residual deformation to a structure is large, greatly improves the isolation capability of earthquake action to the timber structure column, reduces the bending moment in the column under limited displacement and does not lose the vertical bearing capacity of a base; the wood composite material can meet the structural requirements of a wood structure, and is convenient to reinforce and maintain; the device can be hidden in the column base stone, and the ancient building original shape can be still kept after reinforcement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a spherical energy consumption isolation device of ancient building timber structure column base, includes timber 1, 1 lower extreme parcel of timber is packing material 2 and 3 upper portion zonulae occludens of round platform connecting piece, and 3 lower parts of round platform connecting piece are connected with ball joint friction ware 4, and ball joint friction ware 4 lower parts are spherical recess shock insulation rubber block 5, and ball joint recess shock insulation rubber block 5 is inside to have one with the unanimous cavity of the little hemisphere form size in ball joint friction ware 4 lower part, for spacing recess 7, ball joint recess shock insulation rubber block 5 sets up on cushion cap 10.
The filling material 2 is elastic rubber or plastic, the thickness is 20-30mm, the filling material 2 is tightly inserted into the wood column 1, and the insertion height is 20-30 cm.
The upper part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is tightly inserted into the filling material 2 and is glued and tightly bonded, the outer diameter of the upper part connecting piece of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is D +70-80mm of the diameter of the column, the outer diameter of the lower part connecting part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is D +250 plus 260mm of the diameter of the column, the inner diameter of the lower part connecting part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece is D +200 plus 210mm, the inner concave part of the lower part connecting part is 8-10cm, and the lower part connecting part is inserted into the lower ball joint friction device 4 and is glued and bonded.
The height of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is 60-70cm, the lower part of the circular truncated cone connector 3 is provided with the ball joint friction device 4, the upper part of the ball joint friction device 4 is a connecting part which is cylindrical, the material of the connecting part is consistent with that of the ball joint friction device 4, the connecting part is made of anti-seismic rubber, the diameter of the connecting part is 160mm plus 150 mm, and the height of the connecting part is 8-10 cm.
The middle part of the ball joint friction device 4 is a hemisphere, the diameter of the hemisphere is 360mm plus 350 mm of the wood column, and the lower part of the hemisphere is also provided with a small hemisphere with the diameter of 70-80 mm.
The ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is internally provided with a groove, and the shape of the groove is consistent with the size and the shape of the upper ball joint friction device 4.
The ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is square, the side length of the outer side of the square is 460mm plus the diameter of a wood column, the height of the square is 55-56cm, and the ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is tightly bonded with a lower vertical shock insulation gasket in a gluing mode.
The vertical shock insulation gasket is composed of two parts, namely an opposite-nature steel plate 6 and a square rubber shock absorption gasket 8, the square rubber gasket 8 is 25-30mm and is clamped between the opposite-nature steel plate 6, glue is coated to be tightly adhered, the opposite-nature steel plate 6 is made of manganese silicon steel, the thickness of the square rubber gasket is 3-6mm according to the weight of an upper structure, the two ends of the square rubber gasket are of arc structures, the left side and the right side of the square rubber gasket (8) exceed 15-20mm, the lower part of the exceeding part of the square rubber gasket is perforated along the width direction, a seam is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the special-shaped steel plate 6, so that a displacement seam is convenient to generate, shock resistance is facilitated, and the steel plates at the two ends are of arc structures so as to reduce the shearing force of the steel plates on the shock resistance rubber gasket.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the upper part of the connecting piece is wrapped by the filling material and then connected with the upper part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece, so that the wooden column of the ancient building can be effectively protected, and the wooden column can be prevented from being damaged under the action of earthquake force.
The invention connects the wooden column with the lower ball joint friction device through the circular truncated cone assembling and connecting piece, effectively disperses the earthquake force and the upper pressure, and is convenient for the lower structure to generate displacement and energy dissipation.
The lower part of the invention adopts a ball joint friction device and a spherical groove shock insulation rubber block to realize limited slippage, energy dissipation and automatic reset of the wood column under the action of earthquake. The ball joint friction device is composed of two parts, wherein one part is an upper large ball, the second part is a lower small ball, under the action of earthquake force, the ball joint and the lower spherical groove shock insulation rubber block can generate relative displacement, the displacement of the ball joint is limited, and under the condition of generating the relative displacement, earthquake energy can be dissipated through relative friction. Because the lower part of the ball joint friction device is provided with a small ball, and the size and the shape of the groove at the upper part of the groove shock insulation rubber block are completely the same as those of the ball joint friction device, if the two parts generate the first pair displacement, the two parts can automatically reset under the action of earthquake force or upper structure load, the stability of the wood structure building during earthquake is improved, and the difficulty of repairing after earthquake is reduced.
The whole device can be integrally hidden in the column foundation, has no influence on the appearance of the original building, meets the principle of repairing old as old, and has good social and economic benefits.
The vertical seismic isolation gasket consisting of the lower anisotropic steel plate and the square rubber shock absorption gasket can dissipate vertical seismic waves, and reduces the damage of earthquakes to ancient buildings.
The grooves are formed in the two sides of the lower special-shaped steel plate, so that the whole device can be tightly bolted with the lower bearing platform and has the function of absorbing earthquake force.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall exploded view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an assembled schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the outer foundation stone of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vertical seismic isolation gasket of the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
wherein: 1-wood column, 2-filling material, 3-round table connecting piece, 4-ball joint friction device, 5-spherical groove shock insulation rubber block, 6-special-shaped steel plate, 7-limiting groove, 8-square rubber shock absorption gasket, 9-connecting bolt and 10-bearing platform.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a spherical energy dissipation and isolation device for wooden column base of ancient building, which can dissipate seismic energy under earthquake conditions, improve earthquake resistance of ancient building, and also can protect column base from being damaged due to shaking, eliminate sliding of building due to earthquake action, and facilitate later reinforcement and maintenance. Moreover, the device can be hidden in the hollow foundation stone, and the ancient building original shape can be still kept after the device is applied.
The invention relates to a spherical energy-dissipating and shock-isolating device for a column base of a wooden structure of an ancient building, which comprises a wooden column 1, a filling material 2, a circular truncated cone connecting piece 3, a ball joint friction device 4, a ball joint groove shock-isolating rubber block 5, an abnormal steel plate 6, a limiting groove 7, a square rubber shock-absorbing gasket 8, a connecting bolt 9 and a bearing platform 10.
The upper part of the device is connected with an ancient building wood column 1, the wood column 1 is wrapped with a filling material 2, and then the wood column is tightly connected with the upper part of a circular truncated cone connecting piece 3. The filling material 2 can be elastic rubber or plastic, the thickness is 20-30mm, the filling material 2 is tightly inserted into the wood column 1, and the insertion height is 20-30 cm. Therefore, the column base of the wooden column 1 can be protected from mutual displacement with the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 under the action of earthquake force, so that the column base of the wooden column 1 of the historic building can be protected from being damaged. The upper part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is connected with the filling material 2 and the wood column 1, and the lower part is connected with the ball joint friction device 4. The upper part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is tightly spliced with the filling material 2 and is glued and tightly bonded, the outer diameter of the upper part connecting piece of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is the diameter D +70-80mm of the column, the outer diameter of the lower part connecting part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is the diameter D +250 plus 260mm of the column, the inner diameter is D +200 plus 210mm, the lower part connecting part is recessed 8-10cm and is spliced and glued with the lower ball joint friction device 4. The height of the components of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is 60-70 cm. The lower part of the circular truncated cone connector 3 is provided with a ball joint friction device 4, the upper part of the ball joint friction device 4 is a connecting part which is cylindrical, the material of the connecting part is consistent with that of the ball joint friction device 4, the connecting part is made of anti-seismic rubber, the diameter of the connecting part is 160mm plus 150 mm of the wood column, and the height of the connecting part is 8-10 cm. The middle part of the ball joint friction device 4 is a hemisphere, and the diameter of the hemisphere is the diameter D +350-360mm of the wood column. The lower part of the hemisphere is also provided with a small hemisphere with the diameter of 70-80mm, the displacement is limited under the action of earthquake, and the small hemisphere is automatically reset under the action of small displacement. Under the action of earthquake, the upper ball joint friction device 4 and the lower ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 can generate displacement and consume energy through friction. The lower part of the ball joint friction device 4 is provided with a spherical groove shock insulation rubber block 5, and a cavity with the same size as the small hemisphere shape of the lower part of the ball joint friction device 4 is arranged in the ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 and is a limiting groove 7. The ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is internally provided with a groove, the shape of the groove is consistent with the size and the shape of the upper ball joint friction device 4, and when the ball joint friction device 4 is installed, the ball joint friction device is inserted into the ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5. The ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is a square with the outer side length of 460mm of the wood column diameter D +450 and the height of 55-56 cm. The ball joint groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is glued and tightly bonded with the lower vertical shock insulation gasket. The vertical shock insulation gasket is composed of two parts, namely an opposite-nature steel plate 6 and a square rubber shock absorption gasket 8, wherein the square rubber gasket 8 with the thickness of 25-30mm is clamped between the opposite-nature steel plate 6 and is glued and tightly bonded. The special-shaped steel plate 6 is made of manganese silicon steel, the thickness of the special-shaped steel plate is 3-6mm according to the weight of the upper structure, the two ends of the special-shaped steel plate are of arc structures, the left and right sides of the special-shaped steel plate exceed the square rubber gaskets 815-20 mm, the lower portion of the exceeding portion is perforated in the width direction, and expansion bolts are conveniently bolted with the lower bearing platform. A gap is formed in the middle of the upper portion of the special-shaped steel plate 6, so that a displacement gap is convenient to produce, and is beneficial to earthquake resistance, and steel plates at two ends are of arc-shaped structures, so that shearing force of the steel plates on the anti-earthquake rubber gasket is reduced.
The energy-consuming shock isolation device can be hidden in the hollow foundation stone, a certain space can be reserved between the upper wood column and the shock isolation device when the upper wood column is connected with the hollow foundation stone, energy can be dissipated conveniently, and a column base is protected.
The lower part of the ball joint friction device 4 is provided with an ellipsoidal limiter, so that the ball joint friction device can automatically reset and consume friction energy while giving a certain shaking angle to the column.
The middle of the spherical groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is provided with a groove with the same size and shape as the ellipsoidal limiter.
The edges of the special-shaped steel plates 6 are arc-shaped, so that shearing force to the shock insulation rubber is reduced.
The outer diameter of the wood column 1 is the same as the inner diameter of the upper part of the filling material 2.
The outer diameter of the filling material 2 is the same as the inner diameter of the upper part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3.
The inner diameter of the lower part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece 3 is the same as the outer diameter of a protruding cylinder at the upper part of the ball joint friction device 4.
The size of the ball joint friction device 4 is the same as the size and the shape of the groove of the spherical groove shock insulation rubber block 5.
The bottom of the spherical groove shock insulation rubber block 5 is the same as the size and shape of the square rubber shock absorption gasket 8.
The length direction of the special-shaped steel plate 6 is larger than that of the square rubber damping gasket 8, and the two sides of the arc are provided with holes, so that the special-shaped steel plate can be conveniently connected with the base bolts.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
under the action of an earthquake, lower seismic waves are transmitted from the lower part, the first arriving seismic waves are vertical seismic waves, the vertical seismic waves are mainly dissipated by generating deformation through a lower vertical shock insulation gasket in the device and a spherical friction device 4 and a spherical groove shock insulation rubber block 5, the upper part of the spherical friction device is made of shock-resistant rubber, then the horizontal seismic waves are transmitted, the energy is mainly dissipated by generating relative displacement friction between the spherical friction device 4 and the spherical groove shock insulation rubber block 5 in the device, and if the displacement is large, the lower seismic waves can be automatically reset through a small hemisphere below the spherical friction device 4 and a limiting groove 7. The device not only can protect 1 column base of post, eliminates ancient building earthquake displacement, and dissipation seismic energy protects the building, can increase the angle of rocking of column base moreover, and the superstructure of being convenient for is to the dissipation of energy. And this device can be placed in hollow foundatin stone, makes ancient building do not influence the building pleasing to the eye when using this device, does "repair old as old".
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a spherical energy consumption isolation device of ancient building timber structure column base, a serial communication port, including post (1), post (1) lower extreme is wrapping up filler (2) and round platform connecting piece (3) upper portion zonulae occludens, and round platform connecting piece (3) lower part is connected with ball joint frictionizer (4), and ball joint frictionizer (4) lower part is spherical recess shock insulation rubber block (5), and ball joint recess shock insulation rubber block (5) inside have one with ball joint frictionizer (4) lower part small hemisphere form size unanimous cavity, for spacing recess (7), ball joint recess shock insulation rubber block (5) set up on cushion cap (10).
2. The spherical energy-dissipating and shock-isolating device for the column base of the historic building wood structure according to claim 1, wherein the filling material (2) is elastic rubber or plastic, the thickness of the filling material is 20-30mm, the filling material (2) is tightly inserted into the wood column (1), and the insertion height of the filling material is 20-30 cm.
3. The spherical energy-dissipating and shock-isolating device for the wooden column base of the historic building as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the upper part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece (3) is tightly inserted into the filling material (2) and is glued and tightly bonded, the outer diameter of the upper part connecting piece of the circular truncated cone connecting piece (3) is D +70-80mm of the column diameter, the outer diameter of the lower part connecting part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece (3) is D +250 + 260mm of the column diameter, the inner diameter is D +200 + 210mm, the lower part connecting part is recessed 8-10cm and is inserted into the lower ball joint friction device (4) and glued and bonded.
4. The spherical energy-dissipating and shock-isolating device for the wooden column base of the ancient building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the circular truncated cone connecting piece (3) is 60-70cm, the lower part of the circular truncated cone connecting piece (3) is provided with the ball joint friction device (4), the upper part of the ball joint friction device (4) is provided with the connecting part, the connecting part is cylindrical, the material of the connecting part is consistent with that of the ball joint friction device (4), the connecting part is made of anti-seismic rubber, the diameter of the connecting part is 160mm plus 150 mm, and the height of the connecting part is 8-10 cm.
5. The spherical energy-dissipating and shock-isolating device for the column base of the wooden structure of the ancient building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle part of the ball joint friction device (4) is a hemisphere, the diameter of the hemisphere is 360mm plus 350 mm of the wooden column, and the lower part of the hemisphere is also provided with a small hemisphere with the diameter of 70-80 mm.
6. The spherical energy-dissipating and shock-isolating device for the column base of the timber structure of the historic building as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that a groove is formed in the ball joint groove shock-isolating rubber block (5), and the shape of the groove is consistent with the size and the shape of the upper ball joint friction device (4).
7. The spherical energy-consumption shock-isolation device for the column base of the wooden structure of the ancient building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ball joint groove shock-isolation rubber block (5) is a square with the outer side length of 460mm, the diameter of the wood column being D + 450-.
8. The spherical energy-dissipating and shock-isolating device for the column base of the timber structure of the ancient building according to claim 7, wherein the vertical shock-isolating gasket is composed of two parts, namely an opposite-nature steel plate (6) and a square rubber shock-absorbing gasket (8), the square rubber gasket (8) is 25-30mm, is clamped between the opposite-nature steel plate (6), is glued and tightly bonded, the opposite-nature steel plate (6) is made of manganese silicon steel, the thickness of the opposite-nature steel plate is 3-6mm according to the weight of an upper structure, the two ends of the opposite-nature steel plate are arc-shaped structures, the left side and the right side of the square rubber gasket (8) exceed the square rubber gasket (8) by 15-20mm, the lower part of the exceeding part is perforated along the width direction, a seam is formed in the middle of the upper part of the special-shaped steel plate (6), so that a displacement seam is convenient to generate and is beneficial to shock resistance, and the steel plates at the two ends are arc-shaped structures so as to reduce the shearing force of the steel plates on the shock-resistant rubber gasket.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114961004A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-08-30 | 滁州职业技术学院 | Honeycomb structure shock isolation device based on building |
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CN112359971A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-12 | 青岛理工大学 | High-energy-consumption wood frame structure system |
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